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This activity aims to increase partners' understanding of branding and digital business to strengthen product images and marketing strategies in the digital market. This activity lasted for six weeks in 49 villages with 1,377 participants. The stages of this activity include (1) identification of partner problems, (2) branding training and business digitization, (3) creating social media and e-commerce accounts, (4) making packaging and logo designs, (5) monitoring and evaluation, and (6) activity report. The results of this activity are that 61% of all participants understand the importance of social media, 59% of participants understand the importance of branding, 55% of participants understand the importance of e-commerce, 50% of participants understand social media, 48% of participants understand the meaning of branding, 47% of participants understand about e-commerce. In addition, 661 of 1,377 participants who previously did not have a social media account now have one, and 1,063 participants who previously did not have an e-commerce account now have one.

Massive production of watermelon is correlated with its nutritional value and attractive appearance. Intensification of plant breeding through polyploidization is of utmost importance in horticulture to improve productivity with desirable morphological traits. Colchicine is a common polyploid inducer with limitations, including effects on plant viability and high costs. Another anti-mitotic agent has been developed from Catharanthus roseus ethanolic extract, but the applicative provisions need further exploration. This research focuses on the efficacy and performance of biocatharantine and colchicine in improving ploidy levels with morphological evaluation on orange watermelon ‘Citra Laga’. Mature seeds were treated with 2% biocatharantine and 0.2% colchicine for 12 and 24 hours. Generally, major morphological traits are unchanged, with significant differences found only in the width of leaves and color characteristics. Flow cytometry is performed to assess the ploidy level of plant cells. Mixoploid plants containing 2C+4C+8C DNA are produced by colchicine, but the lowest germination rate is found to have a negative effect. Biocatharantine increases the peak intensities of tetraploid 4C DNA within mixoploid plants with minimum risk to plant viability. This research discovers the potential of biocatharantine as an anti-mitotic agent, with an evaluation of the octaploid success of orange watermelon ‘Citra Laga’ mediated by colchicine.

Background: Methotrexate (MTX) is the mainstay of the consolidation and maintenance phase of chemotherapy protocol for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This study aimed to investigate the altered metabolism associated with high dose-MTX and determine the potential of the metabolic markers and differential pathways involved in MTX therapy. Methods: Serum samples were collected from 38 children with ALL at 2 time points: p-MTX; before induction chemotherapy was initiated, and post-MTX; after completion of the first high-dose MTX. The samples were analyzed using HPLC/MS-QTOF. Data acquisition was performed using Agilent MassHunterTMB.05.00 software for subsequent metabolomics analysis. Differential expressions of metabolites were analyzed using univariate Welch's t-test unequal variance. Compounds were identified using the METLIN Database. Pathways and network analyses were performed using Metaboanalyst 4.0. Potential biomarkers were analyzed using the Receiving Operator Characteristic curve. Results: Metabolites with AUC between 0.7 and 0.9 include xanthine (0.889), oxoglutaric acid (0.770), and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (0.741). Alpha-linolenic acid abundance was detected in ALL patients with remission status, corresponding to a test sensitivity and specificity of 0.77 and 0.87, respectively. ALA has an antineoplastic effect that potentially inhibits the proliferation of leukemic cells by inhibiting caspase activation in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway and Bcl-2 inhibition. Conclusion: In this study, ALA was found to be significantly higher in patients treated with high-dose MTX and associated with remission status than in pre-MTX treatment.

Self-medication behaviors of the society kept increasing as years passed, including for the residents of Desa Pengalangan, Kecamatan Menganti, Kabupaten Gresik. Over-the-counter medicines, the ones that can be obtained without a prescription, have been a prior solution to relieve the symptoms of various diseases. Unfortunately, the consumption of these medicines is not accompanied by proficient knowledge of how to manage medicines properly. Consequently, the health of the community and environment are negatively affected. Therefore, it is considered crucial to educate society as a form of approach made for promoting public health and preventing the irrational usage of medicines. Socialization of the ‘DAGUSIBU' (dapatkan, gunakan, simpan, dan buang) [eng: get, use, store, and dispose] of medicines through a session of interactive mini-lecture and simulation, has been chosen to be the proper modality to deliver such information about managing medicines. About 21 health cadres of Desa Pengalangan are involved in this program, fulfilling the pretests and post-tests as instruments to determine the level of knowledge of the society about medicines. Based on the result of this program, it is noted that an average of 80.9% participants' level of knowledge increases after socialization. Highest increase in the level of knowledge is reported in the topics ‘Golongan obat' [eng: drug's classes] (85,7%) and ‘DAGUSIBU obat' (85,7%), while the topic ‘Penggunaan antibiotik' [eng: antibiotic usage] (71,4%) becomes the topic with the least increase in the level of knowledge. Though these findings seem in line with the previous studies, innovations are required to optimize the increase of society's level of knowledge in managing medicines.

The breast is a body part consisting of fatty tissue, fibrous glands, and connective tissue that is connected to the muscles of the chest wall. In the physiological processes of the body, there are several factors in breast cells that experience abnormal development which causes breast lumps. The prevalence of breast cancer in Indonesia is 65,858 (Globocan, 2020). At the Nganjuk Regional Hospital in 2022, 71 patients were examined for FNAB breasts from June to November. The cytological diagnosis performed was FNAB examination using the diff quick staining method with dry fixation. This research aims to determine the comparative analysis of fixation time on the quality control of breast FNAB preparations with diff quick staining at Nganjuk Regional Hospital. The research design uses an experimental method that tests between two variables and a comparative research, which compares the factors that influence research from different experimental designs. The population of this research were outpatients and inpatients of breast FNAB at the Nganjuk Regional Hospital by Quota Sampling method. Based on the Friedman statistical test, it can be concluded that there are differences in color quality control of breast FNAB preparations using diff quick staining with fixation time.

This research aims to make it easier to memorize the Koran without having to need other people. Memorizers of the Koran (hafiz) often need other people to memorize them to find out if there are errors in their reading. Therefore, this research utilizes machine learning technology to make it easier to read and memorize the Al-Qur'an using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm. CNN was chosen because it is very good at classifying images and audio and can learn and extract features from raw data, such as image and audio data automatically. As a result, the model created succeeded in distinguishing one verse from another very well. The validation results show that the model can correctly detect 57 verses from 64 recorded data, which means it has an accuracy rate of 89.06%. With this verse classification model, it can then be implemented into an application to help memorize the Al-Qur'an even without using the internet.

Kemajuan teknologi yang terus berkembang berperan penting dalam perkembangan suatu media pembelajaran. Salah satu media pembelajaran digital yang mendukung pembelajaran Biologi interaktif dan selaras dengan kemajuan teknologi adalah Augmented Reality. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan media Augmented Reality dengan bantuan Assemblr Edu dan menilai dampak dari pemanfaatan media tersebut terhadap pemahaman siswa tentang materi Sistem Ekskresi. Penelitian Pengembangan (R&D) menggunakan model desain instruksional 4D adalah metode penelitian yang digunakan. Selain itu, metode penelitian pre-experimental dengan desain one group pretest-posttest digunakan untuk mengukur efektivitas media Augmented Reality. 32 siswa kelas VIII di SMPN 30 Kota Tangerang, dua ahli media, dan dua ahli materi menjadi subjek penelitian yang diperoleh dengan purposive sampling. Uji coba instrumen tes pemahaman konsep melibatkan 39 siswa kelas IX sebagai peserta tes. Validasi ahli media dan ahli materi menghasilkan persentase masing-masing sebesar 89,3% dan 89,8%. Hal ini termasuk dalam kategori sangat layak. Pengukuran efektivitas media dengan N-Gain menghasilkan skor kategori tinggi sebesar 0,7113. Sebanyak 90% siswa memberikan respons yang sangat baik terhadap media Augmented Reality. Oleh karena itu, dapat dikatakan bahwa pembuatan media Augmented Reality dengan bantuan Assemblr Edu sangat layak untuk diterapkan dalam KBM dan dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep Sistem Ekskresi.

Background: Increasing age is a new challenge in today's health services. With increasing age, the physiological function will decrease. Not only infectious diseases and systemic diseases, but the elderly are also prone to social problems and mental health problems, including depression. Depression is the most common mental illness in the elderly. Depression can significantly reduce the quality of life of the elderly. Aim: To obtain a deeper understanding of interventions and risk factors for depression in geriatrics. Methods: Literature searches were taken from Science Direct, Pubmed, and Google Scholar from 2020 - 2022, in which 8 eligible articles were found. The keywords used in the search were "depression", "elderly", "elder", and "geriatric". Article quality was evaluated using the CASP checklist. Results: The results of the articles were obtained from several countries. The interventions carried out can be grouped into several categories, namely interventions in the form of physical activity therapy, music therapy, psychoeducation, cognitive change, and problem-solving. This review helps inform several interventions that can be performed on the elderly and factors that support the success of interventions. Conclusion: There are several risk factors for depression in the elderly, by performing several intervention methods in the elderly, depression can reduce the risk of depression.

The education sector is included in the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, thus encouraging adaptation activities to prevent the spread of the outbreak face-to-face learning in class is abolished and all learning is transferred to the network. This change in learning methods is certainly very influential on cadets in receiving and understanding learning materials from lecturers. This research was conducted to describe the cadet’s perception of the Djadajat Maritime Academy on the effectiveness of online learning. This study's research design makes use of qualitative research. Data was collected by questionnaire and was analyzed from percentage of tabulations data. The results show that online learning according to the cadets' perception is considered to have many limitations and is still less effective

Sarana dan prasarana transportasi memainkan peranan penting terhadap pertumbuhan sebuah wilayah. Jalan menjadi nfrastruktur yang akan menjamin konektivitas antar wilayah tetap terjadi, sehingga kualitas jalan akan menjamin kelancaran pergerakan moda transportasi yang melintas. Seiring waktu, tingkat pelayanan jalan akan mengalami penurunan, baik itu disebabkan oleh beban kendaraan, pengaruh lingkungan, maupun keausan material yang digunakan. Upaya preservasi untuk mempertahankan tingkat pelayanan jalan didasarkan pada hasil penilaian kerusakan jalan dan dinyatakan dalam sebuah indeks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi perkerasan jalan yang lokusnya berada pada ruas jalan Tobelo – Podiwang, Maluku Utara. Ruas ini memiliki panjang jalan ± 48.200 m dengan lebar 6,00 m. Penaksiran kondisi perkerasan jalan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Pavement Condition Index (PCI). Adapun untuk memvisualisasikan hasil dari penilaian kondisi jalan, hasil penaksiran diintergasikan kedalam perangkat yang berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG). Dari hasil penilaian yang dilakukan memperlihatkan bahwa secara umum ruas jalan Tobelo – Podiwang masih dalam kondisi layak digunakan. Hal ini didasarkan pada nilai indeks PCI yang diperoleh, dimana untuk sisi kiri diperoleh : 0,21% (poor), 3,94% (fair); 16,80% (satisfactory); dan 79,05% (good). Sementara untuk sisi kanan, kondisi jalan berdasarkan indeks menunjukkan 76,97% (good) dan 23,03% (satisfactory).

Improving the quality of music education through the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technology is a promising opportunity to encourage students’ interest in learning music. This article explores the integration of AI-based applications to enhance practical, personalized, and interactive music learning experiences. The research methodology used in this study is a literature review of relevant sources. The results demonstrate the capacity of AI to help teachers improve music teaching by examining student performance data. As for students, they can start self-study by using strategies tailored to their individual needs that aim to deepen their understanding of musical knowledge and ideas such as pitch, speed, rhythm, and harmony.

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang modifikasi dan pengujian sistem penyemprot padi dengan penambahan pompa elektrik 12 v. Tekanan penyemprotan standar ditargetkan sebesar 1,0 – 1,6 bar (kg/cm2). Pengaturan tekanan dan volume penyemprotan akan dilakukan oleh potensiometer. Penyemprot hasil modifikasi mampu tetap bekerja ketika daya baterai habis, karena konstruksi dasar pompa manual tetap dipertahankan. Setelah percobaan didapatkan data bahwa tekanan maksimal pompa manual pada waktu penyemprotan adalah 1,2 bar, sementara untuk pompa dc tekanannya mencapai 1,9 bar (potensiometer 1 putaran penuh 3,68 kΩ). Sementara untuk volume penyemprotan bonggol padi pada kondisi nozzle standar didapatkan untuk pompa manual adalah 1376 L/ha dan 2304 L/ha untuk pompa dc (potensiometer 1 putaran). Untuk hasil pengukuran volume penyemprotan dengan nozzle 1 lubang (3 lubang ditutup dari 4 lubang) pompa manual 272 L/ha dan pompa dc 336 L/ha (potensiometer 1 putaran).

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi arus listrik pada pengelasan flash butt welding terhadap kekuatan tarik dan struktur mikro. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kekutan pada material adalah kekutan mekanik dari sifat material tersebut. jika material dilakukan pengelasan, maka dapat mempengaruhi kekutan tarik dan struktur material. penilitian ini menggunakan material baja AISI 1080 yang berdiameter 1.24mm yang mengandung kadar C = 0,083%, Si = 0,21%, Mn = 0,5%, P = 0,008%, S =0,007%, Cu = 0,03%, Cr = 0,03%, Ni = 0,02%, B = 0,013%, Alt = 0,025%, As = 0,06%, N =0.0038%, dan O = 0,1%. Spesimen dilakuan pengelasan dengan variasi arus listrik dengan interval 25mA, mulai dari 700mA, 725mA, 750mA, 775mA, dan 800mA dengan menggunakan metode penyambungan flash butt welding. Hasil tensile strength dari pengelasan flash butt welding dengan arus 700mA sebesar 853.6N/mm²,pada arus 725mA sebesar 867.7N/mm², pada arus 750mA sebesar 847.4N/mm², pada arus 775mA sebesar 881.8mA, dan pada arus 800mA sebesar 805.3mA.

Restaurant image refers to an immediate perception that pops up in a customer’s mind when the name of a restaurant is mentioned. Therefore, it is crucial for restaurants, including fast-food restaurants (FFRs), to evaluate and sustain a positive restaurant image. However, evaluating and improving a restaurant’s image is challenging, since it counts in multiple service attributes associated with various degrees of unknown priority. Even so, the existing literature is yet to outspread the usage of an appropriate multi-attribute decision-making (MADM)-based approach to specifically evaluate the image of FFRs. Therefore, this research aimed at employing such an approach to evaluate the image of four FFRs on an island in East Malaysia, using various people, processes, and physical evidence attributes. Firstly, an initial list of FFR image attributes was elicited from the available literature. This initial list was then further validated through a two-round Delphi survey involving a panel of ten experts. A questionnaire was then designed based on the finalized attributes, and data collected from a sample of 251 respondents were analyzed using the compromised-analytical hierarchy process (C-AHP) method. The C-AHP results suggest that the strategies to improve an FFR’s image should primarily incorporate the following six attributes: hospitality, employees’ problem-solving skills, employees’ knowledge, food taste, physical cleanliness, and service response time. The FFR at the top of the ranking has the highest performance scores over these same six attributes. Surprisingly, employees’ appearance and restaurant exterior were reported as the two least important image attributes. This research is the first to demonstrate the application of a hybrid MADM-based approach to uncover the weights of FFR image attributes and rank those FFRs by computing their aggregated image scores.

Aims: This study was done to analyze the cases of obstetric hysterectomy and maternal complications and survival after that. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out from the review of records of the near miss, maternal mortality, cesarean audit and operation theater record of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH), Kathmandu from 2057-2071 BS. Results: Fourteen maternal survival resulted following total of 19 obstetric hysterectomy, subtotal hysterectomy being the procedure of choice in 11 cases, emergency peripartum hysterectomy (EPH) being performed in abundance (18/19) in comparison to an elective peripartum hysterectomy, which was undertaken in a single case of placenta percreta, and inclusive of latter were four cases of morbid placental adhesion, a placenta increta and two placenta accreta. Eight out of 19 cases had vaginal delivery and rest had cesarean section. Among seven cases of cesarean hysterectomy 3 were done for placenta previa with accreta one case each done for abruptio placentae and placenta accreta and two cases were done for extra placental causes. Among four cases of emergency peripartum hysterectomy (EPH), which were relaparotomy followed by hysterectomy, three cases were done for complication of cesarean section and one done for uterine atonicity. Four cases of spontaneous vaginal deliveries needed peripartum hysterectomy two of them were complicated by morbid placental adhesion placenta increta (1), placental percreta (1), two cases were vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC). Seven cases of uterine rupture had undergone peripartum hysterectomy. Conclusions: Obstetric hysterectomy is a lifesaving surgical procedure for maternal survival whenever necessary and mandates a quick decision making process, however in consideration of younger age and low parity or nulliparity, the best obstetric governance and services must foresee not to let mothers meet such situation necessitating organ removal and to enjoy potential reproductive life cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sea water treatment technology into freshwater is known as desalination. a desalination technique that is both effective and economical is desalination with evaporation. This study aims to determine the effect of roofing materials on the amount of freshwater products produced. The study was conducted using a miniature evaporative tub that has a roof-like shape. Evaporative tubs measuring 1m x 1m x 0.02m material of laminated wood. 20 liters of brackish water is pumped into the tub. The water in the tub is then closed using a roof designed like a roof made of fiberglass and polycarbonate. Brackish water is left in contact with the sun for 24 hours. As a result of heat transfer from sunlight to evaporation tub, brackish water experiences evaporation. The steam moves upward and is captured by the roof wall then undergoes condensation resulting in fresh water. The conclusion obtained is miniature of evaporative desalination roof using fiberglass material obtained 427 mL result while using polycarbonate material obtained fresh water equal to 136 mL.

With a rapidly growing older population in Malaysia, there is an urgent need in determining reference values that meet the minimum requirements for designing an ergonomically friendly home environment for the elderly. A comfortable, safe and satisfactory match between the artefact and the elderly can be achieved if such reference values are available. A study was conducted to develop an anthropometric database of older Malaysians to be used as a standard reference in designing the home for the elderly. This paper presents some of the anthropometric data obtained and highlights the design implications for an elderly friendly home environment and the potential use of the anthropometric data. Thirty-nine anthropometric body dimensions were measured and recorded for 230 respondents aged 60 years and over in five urban locations (Kuala Lumpur, Shah Alam, Petaling Jaya, Ampang and Johor Bahru). Respondents consisted of 129 males (56.1 %) and 101 females (43.9%), with a mean age of 67 years. With the availability of anthropometric dimensions of the elderly, better home environments can be designed for older Malaysians in the population. Asia Pac J Public Health 2006;18(SuppL): 35-41. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The lack of anthropometric dimensions for the elderly can severely limit the ability to design suitable products and living facilities for them. In this paper, the static anthropometry data of 230 elderly people in Malaysia (male and female) aged 60 and above was compared with the anthropometric dimensions of various populations obtained from the literature. These comparisons can give some indications of the relative sizes of various populations in the world and provide guidelines when designing in this globalised economy. Using mean stature, it was found that the female elderly Malaysian has an average height of 148.9 cm as compared to the Polish (152.4 cm), Chilean (151.2 cm), Dutch (154.3 cm), British (151.5 cm) and Australian (152.8 cm) elderly female. For the elderly Malaysian male, the average height is 162.4 cm as compared to the Chilean (165.8 cm), Dutch (165.6 cm), British (164 cm) and Australian (165 cm) elderly male. This variation in stature amongst populations clearly demonstrates the need to collect anthropometric data to match the living environment with the body dimensions of the expected users. Properly designed, the living environment can increase the comfort, safety and health of the elderly. Asia Pac J Public Health 2006; 18(Suppl.):20-25. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Organisasi pembelajaran adalah iklim kerjasama yang dapat menciptakan sumber daya manusia agar memiliki komitmen, integritas dan tanggung jawab secara kolektif terhadap keseluruhan kinerja organisasi. Kinerja adalah suatu hasil kerja yang dicapai dalam melaksanakan tugas-tugas yang dibebankan. Naik turunnya jumlah kunjungan pasien di RSUD Petala Bumi Provinsi Riau dapat dikarenakan menurunya pula kinerja petugas, hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari jumlah kunjungan pasien selama lima tahun terakhir. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan Learning organization terhadap kinerja petugas. Jenis penelitian ini kuantitatif desain cross sectional. Metode pengambilan sampel simple random sampling untuk. Jumlah sampel untuk penelitian sebanyak 75. Analisis data dilakukan secara dekriptif, chi square, dan logistik linier ganda. Dari hasil analisa multivariat kinerja petugas baik 32, berpikir sistem baik 25 Pvalue 0,027, visi bersama baik 28 Pvalue 0,152, pembelajaran tim baik 24 Pvalue 0,027, keahlian pribadi baik 30 Pvalue 0,086 dan mental model baik 34 Pvalue 0,213. Variable Learning Organization yang paling berpeluang terhadap kinerja adalah pembelajaran tim. Kesimpulan dari learning organization terhadap kinerja petugas di RSUD Petala Bumi Provinsi Riau dapat berjalan dengan baik dan semakin meningkat maka kepuasan pelanggan akan tercapai secara maksimal.

In this study, we developed a modified version of the CRiteria Importance Through Inter-criteria Correlation (CRITIC) method, namely the Distance Correlation-based CRITIC (D-CRITIC) method. The usage of the method was illustrated by evaluating the weights of five smartphone criteria. The same evaluation was repeated using four other objective weighting methods, including the original CRITIC method. The results from all the methods were further analyzed based on three different tests (i.e., the distance correlation test, the Spearman rank-order correlation test, and the symmetric mean absolute percentage error test) to validate D-CRITIC. The tests revealed that D-CRITIC could produce more valid criteria weights and ranks than the original CRITIC method since D-CRITIC yielded a higher average distance correlation, a higher average Spearman rank-order correlation, and a lower symmetric mean absolute percentage error. Besides, additional sensitivity analysis indicated that D-CRITIC has the tendency to deliver more stable criteria weights and ranks with a larger decision matrix. The research has contributed an alternative objective weighting method to the area of multi-criteria decision-making through a unique extension of distance correlation. This study is also the first to propose the idea of a distance correlation test to compare the performance of different criteria weighting methods.

λ0-measure is a special type of fuzzy measure. In the context of multi-attribute decision making (MADM), the measure can be used together with Choquet integral to model the interdependencies that usually present between the decision attributes. Unfortunately, the range of techniques available to estimate λ0-measure values is too limited i.e., only four techniques are available to this date. Besides, the review on literature shows that each of these existing techniques either requires some initial data from the decision-makers or misrepresents the actual interdependencies held by the attributes. Thus, an alternate unsupervised technique is needed for the estimation of λ0-measure values. This study has developed such a technique by integrating the idea of distance correlation and Shannon entropy. In this technique, the two inputs required to estimate λ0-measure values, namely, the interdependence degrees and fuzzy densities are determined by utilizing the distance correlation measures and entropy weights, respectively. An evaluation to rank the websites owned by five different hospitals located in Sabah, Malaysia, was conducted to illustrate the usage of the technique. A similar evaluation was also performed with a few selected MADM techniques for comparison purposes, where the proposed technique is found to have produced the most consistent ranking. From the literature perspective, this study has contributed an alternate unsupervised technique that can estimate λ0-measure values without necessitating any additional data from the decision-makers, and at the same time can better capture the interdependencies held by the attributes.

PT. TIRA AUSTENITE, Tbk (PTATbk) and other companies in the field of supply chain require coordination pertaining cross functional and cross collaboration. The mentioned collaboration is required especially for Expedition Company. The performance analysis of Expedition Company, including PTATbk is needed to face the global competition. Company contribution generally, and in particular for Empirical Study toward PTATBK can lead to the problem solving and performance improvement, which covers selecting optimal expedition company and efficient time to dispatch product from existing route to be integrated into the core essence of this research pertaining PTATbk. The mentioned research refers to Empirical Study dan Managerial Implications through books and journals as reference in the Research Methodology. The focus of this research methodology is the Analytic Network Process (ANP); criteria of Price and Service; and other important criteria that support the performance analysis within PTATbk. Software ARENA Simulation plays vital role in this research that has the conclusion and recommendation toward problem solving and performance improvement that are translated into benefits versus risks and its form of % and the currency of IDR and/or USD.

Community forests are defined as forests that grow on private land and are managed by farmers on a small scale. Most of the community forests in Indonesia are managed by farmers, who mostly use social capital in community forest management. Understanding social capital of farmers in managing community forests is important to empower them. This research was a survey conducted by involving 240 respondents in three districts: Bulukumba (South Sulawesi Province), Gunungkidul (Yogyakarta Special Province), and Pati (Central Java Province). The research showed that majority of the farmers believed that community forests can support their livelihoods. Moreover, the research used trust, norm, and network to measure the social capital employed in the community forest management. The result revealed some trusted stakeholders for intervention in community forest management across the study locations were other farmers, farmer group committees, and farmer groups. Meanwhile, the norms that the farmers used in community forest were tradition and custom. In addition, the farming network was identified to understand behavior of the farmers in forest product marketing. A total of 68% of the farmers sell timber, whereas the others (52%) sell crops. Traders are the most important stakeholder in community forest product marketing. From this identification of social capital, we could develop appropriate strategies for intervention to manage the community forests for sustainable community forest management.

One aspect that affects the speed of development of a tourist village is the promotion of the village. Promotion of village tourism is very important especially for villages that are pioneering. Village promotion can be carried out by internal elements who carry out promotions and information intensively. Therefore, it is necessary to involve the village youth group "Susilo Bhakti" of Trangsan Village. Research methods with a focus on creative strategies implemented in the preproduction, production and post-production stages. The results of the study showed that 1) village youth group were able to make creative videos that highlighted the uniqueness of the Rattan Tourism Village of Trangsan; 2) Strategy in the preproduction stage is to emphasize the importance in determining ideas and concepts that are the main theme, 3) Strategy in the production phase is to focus on understanding about the several types of shooting of local village tourism objects, and 4) Strategy in the post-production stage is focus on image editing and publication on social media Youtube and Instagram.

We investigated the association between dietary intake and metabolic risk factors in children and adolescents within a semi-rural Malaysian community. Using an interviewer-led questionnaire, we surveyed 623 participants aged 7-18 from the South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO). Anthropometric and blood pressure data were collected from all participants, while a subset (n = 162) provided blood samples for biomarker analysis, including fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Metabolic syndrome was determined using the International Diabetes Federation's Definition of Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents. Most participants were Malay (66.8%), with a median household income of MYR1,500 and a balanced sex distribution. Cereals, processed foods, beverages, fruits, and vegetables were commonly consumed. Obesity and abdominal obesity were prevalent, affecting more than a third of participants. Adherence to dietary recommendations was generally poor (ranging from 19.9 to 58.1%) and varied across age, sex, and ethnicity. Notably, some food groups displayed unexpected associations with health markers; for instance, fruit consumption was linked to abdominal obesity in children (abdominal obesity vs. normal: 2.4 servings/day vs. 1.6 servings/day). These findings emphasise the necessity of longitudinal studies to explore the complex relationship between diet and long-term health outcomes, including cardiometabolic diseases, while acknowledging the unique challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic on data collection and analysis., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Introduction: Education improves the economy and quality of life. The availability of skilled education in Malaysia is not restricted to the younger generation but is available to people of all ages, including those with low incomes., Methods: This study used the EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ- 5D-5L) tool during the COVID-19 pandemic to examine relationships between socio-demographics, knowledge, and attitudes towards education and outcomes of health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Between September and October 2020 and January and February 2021, a cross-sectional study using a multi-stage sampling technique was carried out., Results: A total of 1,997 adults participated, with a mean age of 45.17 (SD 14.113). In total, 74.9% had good knowledge, while 59.8% had a positive attitude towards skill education. In univariate analyses, the EQ-5D-5L score was related to age, income, education level, marital status, employment status, financial strain level, and knowledge and attitude towards skilled education. Generalised linear model analyses demonstrated that lower EQ-5D-5L scores were associated with older age, financial constraints, and a negative attitude towards skills education. However, additional adjustments for knowledge and attitude towards skills education show only an increase in age and financial strain was significant., Conclusion: The findings suggest that appropriate strategies be implemented to increase low-income populations' knowledge and attitude towards skill education. Improving education may improve the quality of life for this vulnerable group. Additionally, a qualitative study can be conducted to determine the barriers to low-income households participating in skilled education to fill in the knowledge gap., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Yasin, Tan, Said, Rasul, Thangiah, Rizal, Magli, Ithnin, Majid, Ismail and Su.)

Background: Quantifying movement behaviours over 24-hours enables the combined effects of and inter-relations between sleep, sedentary time and physical activity (PA) to be understood. This is the first study describing 24-hour movement behaviours in school-aged children and adolescents in South-East Asia. Further aims were to investigate between-participant differences in movement behaviours by demographic characteristics and timing of data collection during Ramadan and COVID-19 restrictions., Methods: Data came from the South-East Asia Community Observatory health surveillance cohort, 2021-2022. Children aged 7-18 years within selected households in Segamat, Malaysia wore an Axivity AX6 accelerometer on their wrist for 24 hours/day over 7 days, completed the PAQ-C questionnaire, and demographic information was obtained. Accelerometer data was processed using GGIR to determine time spent asleep, inactive, in light-intensity PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Differences in accelerometer-measured PA by demographic characteristics (sex, age, ethnicity, socioeconomic group) were explored using univariate linear regression. Differences between data collected during vs outside Ramadan or during vs after COVID-19 restrictions, were investigated through univariate and multiple linear regressions, adjusted for age, sex and ethnicity., Results: The 491 participants providing accelerometer data spent 8.2 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 7.9-8.4) hours/day asleep, 12.4 (95% CI = 12.2-12.7) hours/day inactive, 2.8 (95% CI = 2.7-2.9) hours/day in LPA, and 33.0 (95% CI = 31.0-35.1) minutes/day in MVPA. Greater PA and less time inactive were observed in boys vs girls, children vs adolescents, Indian and Chinese vs Malay children and higher income vs lower income households. Data collection during Ramadan or during COVID-19 restrictions were not associated with MVPA engagement after adjustment for demographic characteristics., Conclusions: Demographic characteristics remained the strongest correlates of accelerometer-measured 24-hour movement behaviours in Malaysian children and adolescents. Future studies should seek to understand why predominantly girls, adolescents and children from Malay ethnicities have particularly low movement behaviours within Malaysia., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Brady et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of a multicomponent exercise and therapeutic lifestyle (CERgAS) intervention at improving gait speed among older people in an urban poor setting in Malaysia. A total of 249 participants were divided into the intervention (n = 163) and control (n = 86) groups. The mean (SD) age of participants was 67.83 (6.37) and consisted of 88 (35.3%) males and 161 (64.7%) females. A generalized estimating equation with an intention-to-treat analysis was used to measure gait speed at four time points, baseline (T0), 6 weeks (T1), 3 months postintervention (T2), and 6 months postintervention (T3). The results showed significant changes for time between T0 and T3 (mean difference = 0.0882, p = .001), whereas no significant association were found for group (p = .650) and interaction (p = .348) effects. A 6-week intervention is inadequate to improve gait speed. Future efforts should introduce physical activity monitoring and increase exercise duration, frequency, and intensity.