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This paper studies the exact traveling wave solutions to the nonlinear Dullin–Gottwald–Holm model which has the application in shallow-water waves in which the fractional derivative is considered in the sense of conformable derivative. Diverse exact solutions in hyperbolic, trigonometric and plane wave forms are obtained using two integration norms. For this purpose G ′ / G -expansion method and reccati mapping techniques are used. The 3D plots and their corresponding contour graphs are also depicted. Being concise and straightforward, the calculations demonstrate the effectiveness and convenience of the method for solving other nonlinear partial differential equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Topological parameters are employed to calculate the biological activity, thermodynamic properties, chemical reactivity and physical features of different structures, since various studies show a strong bond between the molecular structure and its properties [2, 4, 8, 14, 23, 25]. Therefore, helping the researchers to make up for the shortage of laboratory experiments and can provide theoretical ground for the manufacturing of diverse products. The aim of this paper is to calculate ve-version of sum-connectivity index, harmonic index, atom bond connectivity index and geometric arithmetic index of Tickysim SpiNNaker Model Sheet, by considering edge partitioning method. These can be used for better understanding of architectural techniques and innovative designs [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ternary alloys of Fe are very important materials having good corrosion resistance and are also famous for several high-temperature applications. The dynamical behavior of exact traveling waves for the kinetics of phase separation in Fe–Cr–X (X = Mo, Cu) ternary alloys is modelled by convective-diffusive Cahn–Hilliard (CH) equation. A variety of nonlinear dynamical exact and solitary wave structures are extracted in several forms like rational, hyperbolic, trigonometric function solutions by the utilization of a sound computational integration tool, i.e., Φ 6 -model expansion method. Besides, we also secure mixed combined solitons and singular periodic wave solutions with unknown parameters. Moreover, the constraint conditions observed during derivation lead to substantial solutions. The findings elucidate that the governing model theoretically possesses significantly rich structures of exact traveling wave solutions. Hence, our technique via fortification of symbolic computations provides an active and potent mathematical implementation for solving diverse benevolent nonlinear wave problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the new closed form solutions to (2+1)-dimensional Bogoyavlenskii system that describes interaction of a Riemann wave propagation. The extended Fan sub-equation technique is used to investigate some new traveling wave solutions to the higher-dimensional coupled model. The obtained closed form solutions are named as shock, kink, shock and periodic soliton solutions. Clearly, the outcomes of the study confirm the strength of the current approach. Moreover, the obtained results are helpful for the understanding of non-linear wave propagation and are of great interest to present-day scientists and can be employed to deal with more complex models arising in diverse disciplines of contemporary science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article possesses modulation instability (MI) analysis and new exact wave solutions to unidirectional Dullin–Gottwald–Holm (DGH) system that describes the prorogation of waves in shallow water. The exact wave solutions in single and combined form like shock, singular, and shock‐singular are extracted by means of an innovative integration norm, namely, G′/G2‐expansion scheme. The periodic and plane wave solutions are also emerged. The constraint conditions which ensure the existence of solutions are discussed as well. Moreover, the choice of suitable parameters gives the three‐dimensional and two‐dimensional sketches, and furthermore, their contour plots are also drawn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we investigate the optical soiltons and other solutions to Kudryashov's equation (KE) that describe the propagation of pulses in optical fibers with four non-linear terms. Non-linear Schrodinger equation with a non-linearity depending on an arbitrary power is the base of this equation. Different kinds of solutions like optical dark, bright, singular soliton solutions, hyperbolic, rational, trigonometric function, as well as Jacobi elliptic function (JEF) solutions are obtained. The strategy that is used to extract the dynamics of soliton is known as Φ 6 -model expansion method. Singular periodic wave solutions are recovered and the constraint conditions, which provide the guarantee to the soliton solutions are also reported. Moreover, modulation instability (MI) analysis of the governing equation is also discussed. By selecting the appropriate choices of the parameters, 3D, 2D, and contour graphs and gain spectrum for the MI analysis are sketched. The obtained outcomes show that the applied method is concise, direct, elementary, and can be imposed in more complex phenomena with the assistant of symbolic computations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We successfully apply extended rational sine-cosine/sinh-cosh and advance expansion function techniques in this paper. Various kinds of soliton solutions to the conformable time-fractional resonant nonlinear Schrödinger equation (RNLSE) in optical fiber are extracted. We discuss the system with the effects of coefficients like group velocity dispersion, non-Kerr nonlinearity, resonant nonlinearity, and construct optical soliton solution in terms of rational, trigonometric and hyperbolic function solutions with arbitrary parameters. The recovered solutions reveal that the applied approaches are straightforward and efficient to work out the excellent contribution for analyzing several classes of nonlinear partial differential equations (NLPDEs) in engineering and sciences. Moreover, 3D, 2D and contour graphs are sketched with suitable selection of the parameters under the criteria of constraints conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this manuscript, we implement the travelling wave solutions of the fractional (3+1) generalized computational nonlinear wave equation with gas bubbles via application of five mathematical methods. Liquids with gas bubbles primarily arise in various applications like science, engineering, and mathematical physics. The obtained solitary waves solutions have fruitful applications in engineering, science, life, nature and physics. Several novel soliton solutions of concerned model are established in the form of hyperbolic, trigonometric, exponential and rational functions. To handle all calculations and verification of obtained results, computational software Mathematica 12.1 is used. For the demonstration of the physical behaviour of concern model, some solutions are plotted graphical in 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional by imparting specific values to the parameters under constrain conditions. Finally, we intrigue both two and three dimensional to explain the physical behavior of the model., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Purpose: Historical newspaper collections provide a wealth of information about the past. Although the digitization of these collections significantly improves their accessibility, a large portion of digitized historical newspaper collections, such as those of KBR, the Royal Library of Belgium, are not yet searchable at article-level. However, recent developments in AI-based research methods, such as document layout analysis, have the potential for further enriching the metadata to improve the searchability of these historical newspaper collections. This paper aims to discuss the aforementioned issue. Design/methodology/approach: In this paper, the authors explore how existing computer vision and machine learning approaches can be used to improve access to digitized historical newspapers. To do this, the authors propose a workflow, using computer vision and machine learning approaches to (1) provide article-level access to digitized historical newspaper collections using document layout analysis, (2) extract specific types of articles (e.g. feuilletons – literary supplements from Le Peuple from 1938), (3) conduct image similarity analysis using (un)supervised classification methods and (4) perform named entity recognition (NER) to link the extracted information to open data. Findings: The results show that the proposed workflow improves the accessibility and searchability of digitized historical newspapers, and also contributes to the building of corpora for digital humanities research. The AI-based methods enable automatic extraction of feuilletons, clustering of similar images and dynamic linking of related articles. Originality/value: The proposed workflow enables automatic extraction of articles, including detection of a specific type of article, such as a feuilleton or literary supplement. This is particularly valuable for humanities researchers as it improves the searchability of these collections and enables corpora to be built around specific themes. Article-level access to, and improved searchability of, KBR's digitized newspapers are demonstrated through the online tool (https://tw06v072.ugent.be/kbr/). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The abstract presents a new hybrid approach for automatically extracting spatial information from Arabic text documents in geographic information systems. The main objective is to automate and enhance the performance of GIS systems by making certain tasks explicit and improving the resources for Arabic Natural Language Processing (ANLP). The first step of the study involves the construction of a spatial ontology to index, annotate and extract spatial information from Arabic texts. In the subsequent step, JAPE rules are developed and employed to disambiguate and classify different types of spatial information. The evaluation of the proposed system demonstrates promising performance, with a precision rate of 93.8% and a recall rate of 95.2%. Overall, this hybrid approach presents a significant contribution to automating spatial information extraction from Arabic texts, enhancing GIS systems, and improving ANLP resources. The positive experimental results highlight its potential for various practical applications in geographic information retrieval and natural language processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An evolution equation is a partial differential equation that describes the time evolution of a physical system starting from given initial data. Evolution equations arise from many areas of applied and engineering sciences. To this end, this article investigates the analytical studies of a generalized geophysical Korteweg-de Vries equation in ocean physics. The examination of this model is conducted via the Lie group theory of differential equations. In the first place, point symmetries, which are constituent elements of a four-dimensional Lie algebra, are systematically computed. Thereafter, one-parameter transformation groups for the algebra are calculated. Besides, going forward, a one-dimensional optimal system of subalgebras is derived in a procedural manner. Sequel to this, the subalgebras and combination of the achieved symmetries are invoked in the reduction process which enables the derivation of nonlinear ordinary differential equations associated with the generalized geophysical Korteweg-de Vries equation under study. Most of the achieved nonlinear ordinary differential equations are further solved either via direct integration or using a power series approach. Furthermore, travelling wave solutions are initially obtained. This is attained via direct integration and the use of Jacobi elliptic function approach. These techniques enable the attainment of various exact soliton solutions, including non-topological soliton solutions as well as general periodic function solutions of note, such as cosine amplitude, sine amplitude, and delta amplitude solutions of the model. Furthermore, numerical simulations of the solutions are invoked to gain a gross knowledge of the physical phenomena represented by the under-study generalized geophysical Korteweg-de Vries equation in ocean physics. In the end, the investigation further gives attention to the calculation of conserved vectors for the model using Ibragimov’s theorem for conservation laws, as well as Noether’s theorem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]