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605 results on '"Robbins, John B."'

5. Identification of Anthrax Toxin Genes in a Bacillus cereus Associated with an Illness Resembling Inhalation Anthrax

Author

Hoffmaster, Alex R., Ravel, Jacques, Rasko, David A., Chapman, Gail D., Chute, Michael D., Marston, Chung K., De, Barun K., Sacchi, Claudio T., Fitzgerald, Collette, Mayer, Leonard W., Priest, Fergus G., Barker, Margaret, Jiang, Lingxia, Cer, Regina Z., Rilstone, Jennifer, Peterson, Scott N., Weyant, Robbin S., Galloway, Darrell R., Read, Timothy D., Popovic, Tanja, Fraser, Claire M., and Robbins, John B.

Published
2004

14. Toward a new vaccine for pertussis

Author

Robbins, John B., Schneerson, Rachel, Kubler-Kielb, Joanna, Keith, Jerry M., Trollfors, Birger, Vinogradov, Evgeny, and Shiloach, Joseph

Published
2014

36. Meningococcal meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa: the case for mass and routine vaccination with available polysaccharide vaccines

Author

Robbins John B., Schneerson Rachel, Gotschlich Emil C., Mohammed Idris, Nasidi Abdulsalami, Chippaux Jean-Philippe, Bernardino Luis, and Maiga Moussa A.

Subjects
Meningitis, Meningococcal/epidemiology, Meningitis, Meningococcal/prevention and control, Meningococcal vaccines/pharmacology, Endemic diseases/prevention and control, Mass immunization, Immunization programs, Africa South of the Sahara, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Endemic and epidemic group A meningococcal meningitis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, despite the availability of the safe and inexpensive group A meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine, which is protective at all ages when administered as directed. Despite optimal therapy, meningococcal meningitis has a 10% fatality rate and at least 15% central nervous system damage. WHO's policy of epidemic containment prevents, at best, about 50% of cases and ignores endemic meningitis, which is estimated at 50 000 cases per year. The effectiveness of group A, C, W135, and Y capsular polysaccharides is the basis for recommending universal vaccination with group A meningococcal polysaccharide twice in infancy, followed by the four-valent vaccine in children aged two and six years. This could eliminate epidemic and endemic disease, prepare for the use of conjugates when they become available, and probably could have prevented the recent epidemics of groups A and W135 meningitis in Burkina Faso.

Published
2003

47. A bicomponent Plasmodium falciparum investigational vaccine composed of protein-peptide conjugates

Author

Kubler-Kielb, Joanna, Majadly, Fathy, Biesova, Zuzana, Mocca, Christopher P., Guo, Chunyan, Nussenzweig, Ruth, Nussenzweig, Victor, Mishra, Satish, Wu, Yimin, Miller, Louis H., Keith, Jerry M., Liu, Teh-Yung, Robbins, John B., and Schneerson, Rachel

Subjects
Malaria vaccine -- Research, Immunopharmacology -- Research, Proteins -- Health aspects, Plasmodium falciparum -- Physiological aspects, Science and technology
Abstract

There is yet no licensed vaccine against malaria, a serious human disease affecting mostly children, with an annual death rate of about one million. Plasmodia, the malaria-causing parasites, have two obligatory hosts: mammals or birds, in which they multiply asexually, and mosquitoes with sexual multiplication. The most common and serious type of malaria is caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The circumsporozoite protein (CSP), a major surface antigen of sporozoites, is a protective antigen. A unique feature of P. falciparum CSP is its large central domain composed of over 30 tetrapeptide repeats of Asn-Ala-Asn-Pro (NANP). Several NANP peptide-protein conjugates were tested clinically but elicited a low level of CSP antibodies for a short duration. To provide a CSP-based candidate vaccine, we investigated recombinant CSP and NANP conjugates of various peptide lengths, with different N-terminal amino acids, bound at different ratios to various carrier proteins. Injected into mice, CSP alone and CSP or NANP conjugates induced antibodies with booster responses and were positive by the sporozoite imunofluorescent assay. The use of the mosquito stage P. falciparum ookinete surface protein, Pfs25, cross-linked onto itself as a carrier for NANP, induced in mice high levels of uniquely long-lasting antibodies to both vaccine components with secondary biological activities, that will provide immunity to liver infection by sporozoites and block transmission by mosquitoes. malaria | circumsporozoite protein | Asn-Ala-Asn-Pro | Plasmodium falciparum ookinete surface protein 25 doi/10.1073/pnas.0913374107

Published
2010

49. Staphylococcus aureus types 5 and 8 capsular polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines

Author

Robbins, John B., Schneerson, Rachel, Horwith, Gary, Naso, Robert, and Fattom, Ali

Subjects
Oligosaccharides, Vaccines, Staphylococcus aureus, Health
Abstract

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2004.01.012 Byline: John B Robbins (a), Rachel Schneerson (a), Gary Horwith (b), Robert Naso (b), Ali Fattom (b) Abstract: Staphylococcus aureus, the first or second most common pathogen isolated from patients, is capsulated; there are at least 12 capsular types, and types 5 and 8 comprise approximately 85% of blood. Types 5 and 8, composed of a trisaccharide repeat unit including a mannose uronic acid and 2 fucoses, are non-immunogenic. As protein conjugates, they induce opsonophagoctyic antibodies that confer type-specific active and passive protection in mice. Author Affiliation: (a) National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md, USA (b) Nabi Biopharmaceuticals, Rockville, Md, USA Article History: Received 28 January 2003; Accepted 7 January 2004

Published
2004

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