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The peculiar behavior of thermoplastic elastomers in molding suggested that the processing steps (mainly shearing) to which the material had been submitted had a great influence on the morphology. Experiments were carried out on two polysstyrene-polybutadiene-polystyrene elastomers. The effects of melt-shearing and cooling were examined both by mechanical testing and low angle X-ray scattering. Melt-shearing creates a marked morphological anisotropy but a form of annealing can occur at sufficiently high temperatures.