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45 results on '"Robertson, L.W."'

8. Genetic resistance to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) in goats

Author

Ricci, A., Allende, A., Bolton, A., Chemaly, Marianne, Davies, R., Fernandez Escamez, Pablo Salvador, Girones, R., Herman, L., Koutsoumanis, K., Lindqvist, R., Norrung, Birgit, Robertson, L.W., Ru, G., Sanaa, M., Skandamis, P.N., Speybroeck, Niko, Simmons, Marion, Ter Kuile, Benno, Threlfall, John, Wahlstrom, H., Acutis, P.L., Andreoletti, O., Goldmann, Wilfred, Langeveld, J., Windig, J.J., Palaez, A.O., Snary, E., Ricci, A., Allende, A., Bolton, A., Chemaly, Marianne, Davies, R., Fernandez Escamez, Pablo Salvador, Girones, R., Herman, L., Koutsoumanis, K., Lindqvist, R., Norrung, Birgit, Robertson, L.W., Ru, G., Sanaa, M., Skandamis, P.N., Speybroeck, Niko, Simmons, Marion, Ter Kuile, Benno, Threlfall, John, Wahlstrom, H., Acutis, P.L., Andreoletti, O., Goldmann, Wilfred, Langeveld, J., Windig, J.J., Palaez, A.O., and Snary, E.

Published
2017

9. Differences in the carcinogenic evaluation of glyphosate between the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)

Author

Portier, C.J., Armstrong, B.K., Baguley, B.C., Baur, X., Belyaev, I., Belle, R., Belpoggi, F., Biggeri, A., Bosland, M.C., Bruzzi, P., Budnik, L.T., Bugge, M.D., Burns, K., Calaf, G.M., Carpenter, D.O., Carpenter, H.M., Lopez-Carrillo, L., Clapp, R., Cocco, P., Consonni, D., Comba, P., Craft, E., Dalvie, M.A., Davis, D., Demers, P.A., Roos, A.J. De, DeWitt, J., Forastiere, F., Freedman, J.H., Fritschi, L., Gaus, C., Gohlke, J.M., Goldberg, M., Greiser, E., Hansen, J., Hardell, L., Hauptmann, M., Huang, W., Huff, J., James, M.O., Jameson, C.W., Kortenkamp, A., Kopp-Schneider, A., Kromhout, H., Larramendy, M.L., Landrigan, P.J., Lash, L.H., Leszczynski, D., Lynch, C.F., Magnani, C., Mandrioli, D., Martin, F.L., Merler, E., Michelozzi, P., Miligi, L., Miller, A.B., Mirabelli, D., Mirer, F.E., Naidoo, S., Perry, M.J., Petronio, M.G., Pirastu, R., Portier, R.J., Ramos, K.S., Robertson, L.W., Rodriguez, T., Roosli, M., Ross, M.K., Roy, D. Le, Rusyn, I., Saldiva, P., Sass, J., Savolainen, K., Scheepers, P.T.J., Sergi, C., Silbergeld, E.K., Smith, M.T., Stewart, B.W., Sutton, P., Tateo, F., Terracini, B., Thielmann, H.W., Thomas, D.B., Vainio, H., Vena, J.E., Vineis, P., Weiderpass, E., Weisenburger, D.D., Woodruff, T.J., Yorifuji, T., Yu, I.J., Zambon, P., Zeeb, H., Zhou, S.F., Portier, C.J., Armstrong, B.K., Baguley, B.C., Baur, X., Belyaev, I., Belle, R., Belpoggi, F., Biggeri, A., Bosland, M.C., Bruzzi, P., Budnik, L.T., Bugge, M.D., Burns, K., Calaf, G.M., Carpenter, D.O., Carpenter, H.M., Lopez-Carrillo, L., Clapp, R., Cocco, P., Consonni, D., Comba, P., Craft, E., Dalvie, M.A., Davis, D., Demers, P.A., Roos, A.J. De, DeWitt, J., Forastiere, F., Freedman, J.H., Fritschi, L., Gaus, C., Gohlke, J.M., Goldberg, M., Greiser, E., Hansen, J., Hardell, L., Hauptmann, M., Huang, W., Huff, J., James, M.O., Jameson, C.W., Kortenkamp, A., Kopp-Schneider, A., Kromhout, H., Larramendy, M.L., Landrigan, P.J., Lash, L.H., Leszczynski, D., Lynch, C.F., Magnani, C., Mandrioli, D., Martin, F.L., Merler, E., Michelozzi, P., Miligi, L., Miller, A.B., Mirabelli, D., Mirer, F.E., Naidoo, S., Perry, M.J., Petronio, M.G., Pirastu, R., Portier, R.J., Ramos, K.S., Robertson, L.W., Rodriguez, T., Roosli, M., Ross, M.K., Roy, D. Le, Rusyn, I., Saldiva, P., Sass, J., Savolainen, K., Scheepers, P.T.J., Sergi, C., Silbergeld, E.K., Smith, M.T., Stewart, B.W., Sutton, P., Tateo, F., Terracini, B., Thielmann, H.W., Thomas, D.B., Vainio, H., Vena, J.E., Vineis, P., Weiderpass, E., Weisenburger, D.D., Woodruff, T.J., Yorifuji, T., Yu, I.J., Zambon, P., Zeeb, H., and Zhou, S.F.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 172314.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)

Published
2016

10. Research recommendations for selected IARC-classified agents

Author

Ward, E.M., Schulte, P.A., Straif, K., Hopf, Nancy B., Caldwell, J.C., Carreón, T., DeMarini, D.M., Fowler, B.A., Goldstein, B.D., Hemminki, K., Hines, C.J., Pursiainen, K.H., Kuempel, E., Lewtas, J., Lunn, R.M., Lynge, E., McElvenny, D.M., Muhle, H., Nakajima, T., Robertson, L.W., Rothman, N., Ruder, A.M., Schubauer-Berigan, M.K., Siemiatycki, J., Silverman, D., Smith, M.T., Sorahan, T., Steenland, K., Stevens, R.G., Vineis, P., Zahm, S.H., Zeise, L., and Cogliano, V.J.

Subjects
Animals, Carcinogenicity Tests, Evidence-Based Medicine, Humans
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: There are some common occupational agents and exposure circumstances where evidence of carcinogenicity is substantial but not yet conclusive for humans. The objectives are to identify research gaps and needs for twenty agents prioritized for review based on evidence of widespread human exposures and potential carcinogenicity in animals or humans. DATA SOURCES: A systematic review was conducted of new data published since the most recent pertinent IARC monograph meeting. DATA EXTRACTION: Reviewers were charged with identifying data gaps and general and specific approaches to address them, focusing on research that would be important in resolving classification uncertainties. An expert meeting brought reviewers together to discuss each agent and the identified data gaps and approaches. DATA SYNTHESIS: Several overarching issues were identified that pertained to multiple agents; these included the importance of recognizing that carcinogenic agents can act through multiple toxicity pathways and mechanisms, including epigenetic mechanisms, oxidative stress and immuno- and hormonal modulation. CONCLUSIONS: Studies in occupational populations provide important opportunities to understand the mechanisms through which exogenous agents cause cancer and intervene to prevent human exposure and/or prevent or detect cancer among those already exposed. Scientific developments are likely to increase the challenges and complexities of carcinogen testing and evaluation in the future, and epidemiologic studies will be particularly critical to inform carcinogen classification and risk assessment processes.[Authors]

Published
2010

11. Research recommendations for selected IARC-classified agents. Review

Author

Ward, E.M., Schulte, P.A., Straif, K., Hopf, N.B., Caldwell, J.C., Carreon, T., DeMarini, D.M., Fowler, B.A., Goldstein, B.D., Hemminki, K., Hines, C.J., Pursiainen, K.H., Kuempel, E., Lewtas, J., Lunn, R.M., Lynge, E., McElvenny, D.M., Muhle, H., Nakajima, T., Robertson, L.W., Rothman, N., Ruder, A.M., Schubauer-Berigan, M.K., Siemiatycki, J., Silverman, D., Smith, M.T., Sorahan, T., Steenland, K., Stevens, R.G., Vineis, P., Zahm, S.H., Zeise, L., Cogliano, V.J., and Publica

Subjects
mechanisms of carcinogenicity, carcinogen, IARC, animal, epidemiology, human, carcinogenesis, occupational diseases - epidemiology
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: There are some common occupational agents and exposure circumstances for which evidence of carcinogenicity is substantial but not yet conclusive for humans. Our objectives were to identify research gaps and needs for 20 agents prioritized for review based on evidence of widespread human exposures and potential carcinogenicity in animals or humans. DATA SOURCES: For each chemical agent (or category of agents), a systematic review was conducted of new data published since the most recent pertinent International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monograph meeting on that agent. DATA EXTRACTION: Reviewers were charged with identifying data gaps and general and specific approaches to address them, focusing on research that would be important in resolving classification uncertainties. An expert meeting brought reviewers together to discuss each agent and the identified data gaps and approaches. DATA SYNTHESIS: Several overarching issues were identified that pertained to multiple agents; these included the importance of recognizing that carcinogenic agents can act through multiple toxicity pathways and mechanisms, including epigenetic mechanisms, oxidative stress, and immuno- and hormonal modulation. CONCLUSIONS: Studies in occupational populations provide important opportunities to understand the mechanisms through which exogenous agents cause cancer and intervene to prevent human exposure and/or prevent or detect cancer among those already exposed. Scientific developments are likely to increase the challenges and complexities of carcinogen testing and evaluation in the future, and epidemiologic studies will be particularly critical to inform carcinogen classification and risk assessment processes.

Published
2010

12. Polychlorinated biphenyls as inducers of hepatic microsomal enzymes: Effects of di-ortho substitution

Author

School of Public Health, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.A., The Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada, Parkinson, A., Robertson, L.W., Safe, Lorna, Safe, S., School of Public Health, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.A., The Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada, Parkinson, A., Robertson, L.W., Safe, Lorna, and Safe, S.

Abstract

All of the 13 possible polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) isomers and congeners substituted at both para positions, at least two meta positions (but not necessarily on the same ring) and at two ortho positions have been synthesized and tested as rat hepatic microsomal enzyme inducers. The effects of these compounds were evaluated by measuring microsomal benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) hydroxylase, 4-chlorobiphenyl (4-CBP) hydroxylase, 4-dimethylaminoantipyrine (DMAP) N-demethylase and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activities, the cytochrome b5 content and the relative peak intensities and spectral shifts of the carbon monoxide(CO)- and ethylisocyanide(EIC)-difference spectra of ferrocytochrome P-450. The results were compared to the effects of administering phenobarbitone (PB), 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) and PB plus MC (coadministered). At dose levels of 150 [mu]mol [middle dot] kg-1, all of the PCB congeners, except 2,3',4,4',5',6-hexachlorobiphenyl, significantly enhanced hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 content, B[a]P hydroxylase and/or DMAP N-demethylase activities compared to the control (corn oil-treated) animals. Only 5 of these compounds, namely 2,3,4,4',5,6-hexa-, 2,2',3,3',4,4'-hexa-, 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexa-, 2,3,3',4,4',6-hexa- and 2,2',3,3',4,4',5-heptachlorobiphenyl, enhanced microsomal B[a]P hydroxylase, 4-CBP hydroxylase, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and DMAP N-demethylase activities in a manner consistent with a mixed pattern of induction. The results suggest that PCB isomers and congeners substituted at both para positions, at least two meta positions, at two ortho positions and containing a 2,3,4-trichloro substitution pattern on one ring are mixed-type inducers; in addition the effects of 2,3,4,4',5,6-hexachlorobiphenyl were also consistent with a mixed pattern of induction.

Published
2006

13. Polychlorinated biphenyls as inducers of hepatic microsomal enzymes: Structure-activity rules

Author

School of Public Health, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.A., Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada, Parkinson, A., Robertson, L.W., Safe, Lorna, Safe, S., School of Public Health, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.A., Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada, Parkinson, A., Robertson, L.W., Safe, Lorna, and Safe, S.

Abstract

A number of highly purified polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) isomers and congeners were synthesized and administered to male Wistar rats at dosage levels of 30 and 150 [mu]mol [middle dot] kg-1. The effects of this in vivo treatment on the drug-metabolizing enzymes were determined by measuring the microsomal benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) hydroxylase, dimethylaminoantipyrine (DMAP) N-demethylase and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase enzyme activities, the cytochrome b5 content and the relative peak intensities and spectral shifts of the reduced microsomal cytochrome P-450: CO and ethylisocyanide (EIC) binding difference spectra. The results were compared to the effects of administering phenobarbitone (PB), 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) and PB plus MC (coadministered) to the test animals. The synthetic PCB congeners used in this study included 3,4,4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCBP-1), 2,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCBP-2), 2,3',4,4',5'-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCBP-1), 2,3,4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCBP-2), 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl (HCBP-1), 2,3,3',4',5,6-hexachlorobiphenyl (HCBP-2), 2,3,3',5,5',6-hexachlorobiphenyl (HCBP-3), 2,2',3,5,5',6-hexachlorobiphenyl (HCBP-4) and 2,3,3',4,5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (HCBP-5) and were used to reappraise the structure-activity rules for PCBs as hepatic microsomal enzyme inducers. The results suggested that (a) PCBs which induce MC or mixed-type activity must be substituted at both para positions, at least two meta positions but not necessarily on the same phenyl ring and can also contain one ortho chloro substituent; (b) due to the considerable structural diversity of the PB-type inducers the rules for induction of this activity by PCB congeners are not readily defined.

Published
2006

14. Monofluorinated analogues of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as analytical standards: Synthesis, NMR, and GC-MS characterization and molecular orbital studies

Author

luthe, G., Leonards, P.E.G., Reijerink, G.S., Liu, H.L., Johansen, J.E., Robertson, L.W., luthe, G., Leonards, P.E.G., Reijerink, G.S., Liu, H.L., Johansen, J.E., and Robertson, L.W.

Abstract

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), a group of 209 individual congeners distinguishable by the number and position of bromines, are produced for use as flame retardants in consumer goods. PBDEs have become ubiquitous environmental contaminants, present in increasing levels in the environment and humans. In the present study, 10 individual monofluorinated analogues of PBDEs (F-PBDEs) and one difluorinated PBDE (FF-PBDE) were synthesized and characterized, and their gas chromatographic (GC) and mass spectrometric (MS) characteristics determined. The synthesis method utilized a nucleophilic reaction of bromophenols with diphenyliodonium salts and the perbromination of fluorosubstituted diphenyl ethers. Reaction yields were between 10% and 59% with ≥98% purity. Apart from the aromatic ring carrying the fluorine atom, only minor chemical nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) shift changes were observed in comparison to the corresponding parent PBDEs, with the exception that the J

Published
2006
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20. A time course investigation of vitamin A level and lipid composition of the liver endoplasmie reticulum in rats following treatment with congeneric polychlorobiphenyls

Author

Narbonne, J.F., Grolier, Pascal, Albrecht, R., Azais, Veronique, Oesch, F., Robertson, L.W., Laboratoire de nutrition et sécurité alimentaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV.TOX] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, INDUCTION, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, RAT, POLYCHLOROBIPHENYL
Published
1990

28. Two Antimicrobial Alkaloids from Heartwood of Liriodendron tulipifera L

Author

Hufford, C.D., Funderburk, M.J., Morgan, J.M., and Robertson, L.W.

Abstract

Alcoholic extracts of the heartwood of Liriodendron tulipifera have demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger. The antimicrobial activity was associated only with the alkaloidal fraction. Separation of the active alkaloidal fraction by chromatography led to the isolation and identification of dehydroglaucine and liriodenine as the active components. Several other alkaloidal derivatives were prepared and tested. In addition to the active alkaloids, michelalbine was also identified in the tertiary nonphenolic base fraction along with the lignan, lirioresinol‐B‐dimethyl ether, and two N‐acetylnoraporphine alkaloids from the nonbasic fraction.

Published
1975
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30. Effect of unbalanced diets on incorporation of δ-aminolevulinic acid into cytochrome P-450

Author

Amelizad, Z., Narbonne, J.F., Borin, C., Robertson, L.W., Periquet, A., and Oesch, F.

Abstract

The in vivo syntheses of two liver microsomal cytochromes P-450 PB 3a, P-450 UT 50[(1987) Eur. J. Biochem., submitted] ( Mr50 000, 52 000) have been estimated by measuring the specific activity 2 h after i.p. administration of δ-[ 3H]aminolevulinic acid to male Sprague Dawley rats. The animals were fed either a standard rat chow (5% lard, 22% casein) or unbalanced diets (high lipid, 30% lard or low protein, 6% casein) with or without 50 ppm Phenoclor DP6. The high-lipid diet supported a more rapid body weight gain but had little impact on cytochrome P-450 content, expressed either per whole liver or per mg microsomal protein, and on the incorporation of the precursor into cytochrome P-450. The latter was determined by measuring the radioactivity incorporated into the cytochrome P-450 fraction, partially purified by afffinity chromatography, as well as into two cytochrome P-450 isozymes ( Mr50 000 or 52 000) purified by DEAE-52 cellulose ion-exchange chromatography. The low-protein diet, on the other hand, severely depressed body weight gain and cytochrome P-450 content as well as incorporation of radioactivity, the lower- Mrcytochrome ( Mr50 000) being particularly affected. However, when a potent inducer, Phenoclor DP6, was added to the low-protein diet, cytochrome synthesis was restored indicating that the effect was reversible.

Published
1987
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