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The language of scientific publications is a crucial factor when seeking to reach an international audience, because it affects linguistic accessibility and the geographical reach of research results. English is the language of science and the fact that it can be understood by most readers represents an undeniable advantage. Moreover, the fact that a large proportion of Ibero-American research has been published in national languages, is often cited as one of the reasons for its limited exposure. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between scientific output published in a native language and its degree of exposure and impact in the field of Public and Collective Health. This bibliometric study was carried out based on the scientific output data obtained from the most prolific countries that are members of the SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) Network in Public and Collective Health, in the 2011-2018 period. The data was collected from the SciELO Citation Index database (SciELO CI), which was integrated into the larger WoS platform in 2014 and was chosen on account of its importance as one of the few regional indexes that is still scarcely used in studies of this nature. The data shows that Brazilian articles in Portuguese had the greatest citation impact on publications in its own language (48.7%), while its articles in English present practically the same impact (48.5%) on Portuguese publications, followed by 34.5% on Spanish publications. The impact on the national language is also significant in the case of both Mexican and Spanish publications, to whom the percentage of citing articles in Spanish, for documents cited in the same language, is higher than for documents cited in English (respectively 1.6 and 1.8). The same applies to Portuguese and US-American articles where, respectively 56.6% and 43.9% of the citing articles are in their native language. Cuban and Peruvian articles have more than 90% of their citing articles in the national language. In contrast, the USA and Brazil are countries that have a greater citation impact on other languages, especially when published in Spanish. The extent of exposure of a given language of the scientific publication varies per the country´s scientific output. In the case of Brazilian and US-American publications, including publications in the national languages of these countries, the effects on audiences in other languages can be measured by the citation impact. Furthermore, the degree of exposure of certain publications suggests that SciELO CI represents a useful database for evaluating local scientific output, and this can be observed, particularly, for publications in the national language.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between scientific output published in a native language and its degree of exposure and impact on Public and Collective Health. Methods: This bibliometric study was carried out on the basis of the scientific production from the most prolific countries that are members of the SciELO Network, in Public and Collective Health, in the period 2011-2015. The data was collected from the SciELO Citation Index database (SciELO CI) and the citations were analysed by language and source. Findings: Brazilian publications in Portuguese had the greatest citation impact in the same language (55.7%), while its publications in English had 47.9% of impact in Portuguese and 34.4% in Spanish publications (34.4%). The impact on the national language is also significant to Colombian and Spanish publications. To Spain, the percentage of citing articles in Spanish for papers in the same language is more than twice that of its impact in English. To US-American articles, 42.5% of the citations are in a native language when published in English. Cuban and Peruvian publications presented more than 90% of their impact in the national language. In contrast, the USA and Brazil presented greater citation impact on other languages, especially when publishing in Spanish. Conclusion: The extent of the exposure of a publication language varies in accordance with the country´s scientific output. In the case of Brazilian and US-American publications, the effects on audiences in other languages can be measured by the citation impact. Furthermore, the degree of exposure offered by SciELO CI makes it useful for evaluation, particularly for publications in the national language.

O estudo analisou a internacionalização da produção científica individual de pesquisadores do Instituto de Geociências da Universidade de São Paulo (IGc/USP) por meio de indicadores bibliométricos. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, com levantamento de dados e análise bibliométrica, e abordagem exploratória e descritiva. Foi definida uma amostra de 18 pesquisadores, cuja produção foi analisada segundo três categorias de indicadores: produção (nas fontes Dedalus/USP, Web of Science e Scopus), impacto e colaboração (somente nas bases internacionais). Com base nos resultados pôde-se constatar que a maioria dos pesquisadores da amostra aumentaram seu nível de publicação internacional. Além disso, sua produção se mostrou mais representativa na Scopus, quando comparada por meio de indicadores baseados em números absolutos de documentos indexados e citações recebidas. Contudo, ao se considerar indicadores normalizados, a vantagem da Scopus não se pronunciou na mesma magnitude, ainda que tenha sobressaído. Por fim, não se pode ignorar as especificidades das áreas, que se evidenciam nas práticas de comunicação científica, que inclui diversos fatores de escolha dos periódicos científicos, consequentemente implicando na internacionalização., The study aimed to analyze the internationalization of the scientific production of the Institute of Geosciences of University of São Paulo (USP) through the application of a set of bibliometric indicators. It is a case study consisting of data collection and bibliometric analysis based on an exploratory and descriptive approach. A sample of 18 researchers was defined, through a set of three categories of indicators: production (Dedalus/USP, Web of Science and Scopus), impact and collaboration (only based on international databases). The results showed that the majority of the researchers of the sample increased their relative number of international publications. In addition, their production was more representative in Scopus, when compared through indicators based on absolute numbers of indexed documents and citations received. However, when considering normalized indicators, Scopus's advantage was not pronounced in the same magnitude. Finally, we cannot ignore the specificities of the areas, which are evident in the practices of scientific communication, which includes several factors of choice of scientific journals, consequently implying the internationalization.

Resumo Indicadores de produção científica são usualmente utilizados para a avaliação da comunidade acadêmica. Como parâmetro de qualidade, as bases de dados bibliográficas são empregadas para a seleção dos periódicos mais importantes, o que as confere um papel significativo no processo avaliativo. Por outro lado, ao se restringir as análises à produção indexada, abre-se mão do todo, correndo-se o risco de desqualificar a produção em periódicos não indexados. O Qualis busca contornar esse problema, ao possibilitar que as áreas valorizem os periódicos não indexados, mas nem sempre consideram o volume de artigos publicados neles. Este trabalho apresenta uma análise exploratória da dispersão da produção científica dos 260.663 pesquisadores, no nível de doutorado, registrados na Plataforma Lattes. Para a determinação do panorama nacional, foram considerados todos os artigos completos publicados em periódicos por esses pesquisadores entre os anos de 1998 e 2016. Esse panorama contempla análises discriminadas por grande área de atuação dos pesquisadores, o país de publicação e a indexação das publicações nos diferentes periódicos. Observaram-se tendências de internacionalização, assim como a importância de periódicos nacionais como veículos de publicação de parte significativa da produção científica de algumas áreas. Finalmente, ficou evidenciada a potencial limitação de estudos que não considerem a produção científica em periódicos não indexados, ou estudos restritos às bases Scopus e/ou Web of Science, ignorando a Scientific Electronic Library Online. Abstract Indicators of scientific production are generally used in the evaluation of the academic community. As a quality parameter, the bibliographic databases are used for the selection of the most important scientific journals, a relevant role in the evaluation process. On the other hand, when the analysis is restricted to the indexed production, there is a risk of disqualifying production in journals that are not indexed. Qualis aims to address this issue by enabling areas to value non-indexed journals, even as they do not always consider the volume of articles published in these journals. This paper presents an exploratory analysis of the dispersion of the scientific production of 260,663 researchers with doctorate level registered in the Lattes Platform. For the determination of the national panorama, we considered all the full papers they published in scientific journals between 1998 and 2016. This panorama includes analyzes divided by the researchers’ knowledge areas, the publications’ countries, as well as the indexation of the publications in the different journals. Internationalization trends were observed, as well as the importance of national journals as vehicles for the publication of a significant part of the scientific production in some areas. Additionally, we observed the limitation of studies that do not consider scientific production in non-indexed journals, or studies restricted to Scopus and/or Web of Science databases that do not consider Scientific Electronic Library Online.

The study of national academic characteristics is an imperative task for the understanding of national scientific production and the creation of effective science policy. Using a dataset of more than 3.2 million Brazilian curricula, we explore the academic community of PhDs working in Brazil in order to identify characteristics of the whole national network and in the knowledge area level. We used metrics from social network analysis and text mining techniques, as well as the patterns of collaboration between areas and the regional distribution of PhDs. The results show different general characteristics of the PhDs working in each Brazilian state and knowledge area, according to the social and economic characteristics of each of the five Brazilian regions. Different interaction profiles were described, like a less connected network in Linguistics, Letter, and Arts, in which each researcher is related, on average, to less than three other PhDs; on the opposite side, Agricultural Sciences each researcher is related, on average, to more than nine other PhDs of the network. It is clear that besides the capital and one or other major city, the Northeast Region is devoid of PhDs, a situation that is particularly problematic for the most destitute region of Brazil.

Este livro reúne as apresentações de especialistas em Bibliometria, Cientometria e áreas afins para discutir as pesquisas em curso e debater as atuais tendências e carências do campo, além de apontar perspectivas futuras para a área, no país.

O Brazilian Workshop on Social Network Analysis and Mining (BraSNAM) é o primeiro evento brasileiro específico naárea de mineração e análise de redes sociais. Este evento tem natureza interdisciplinar e seu objetivo é integrar a comunidade científica que atua naárea, disseminando as pesquisas realizadas e potencializando novas colaborações. Em 2016, o evento completou cinco anos e nele foram apresentados 149 trabalhos referentes a artigos completos ou curtos e que envolveram 335 autores. Neste trabalho, baseados nas cinco edições do BraSNAM, apresentamos uma análise quantitativa sobre: (i) a produção bibliográfica, e (ii) a evolução de sua rede social de coautoria.

Diversos índices de citação têm sido utilizados para avaliação de produção científica. A comparação entre os resultados da metodologia empregada para cálculo de indicadores, nos relatórios de citação das bases SciELO e Journal Citation Reports (ISI-Thomson Scientific), possibilitou avaliar as implicações associadas à política científica (Qualis), em alguns de seus critérios específicos. Considerou-se um período de 10 anos, tendo em conta dois indicadores bibliométricos (total de citações no ano e fator de impacto) da revista Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, que é indexada em ambos os índices. A correção dos indicadores associados à revista mostrou que as diferenças proporcionadas pelos índices de citação foram mais expressivas no ano de 2001, tendo diminuído nos últimos anos. Esta diminuição confere confiabilidade a ambas as bases, validando seus sistemas para geraçãode indicadores de produção científica. In recent years, the availabity of citation indexes for evaluation of Brazilian scientific production has increased. The comparison between the results of the methodologies used to estimate indicators in the citation reports of SciELO database and in Journal Citation Reports (ISI-Thomson Scientific) made it possible to evaluate implications associated to the Brazilian scientific policy (Qualis), regarding some specific criteria. A period of 10 years was considered, taking into account two bibliometric indicators (the total of citations in a year and the Impact Factor) of the journal Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, which is indexed in both indexes. The correction of the indicators associated to this journal showed that the differences in the citation indexes were more expressive in 2001, having decreased in the last years. This reduction gives credibility to both databases, validating their systems for the production of bibliometric indicators.

As atividades de produção de indicadores quantitativos em ciência, tecnologia e inovação vêm se fortalecendo no país na última década, com o reconhecimento da necessidade, por parte dos governos federal e estaduais e da comunidade científica nacional, de dispor de instrumentos para definição de diretrizes, alocação de investimentos e recursos, formulação de programas e avaliação de atividades relacionadas ao desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico no país. Este trabalho insere-se dentro deste contexto, ao apresentar e analisar os indicadores bibliométricos da produção científica e tecnológica de pesquisadores brasileiros ao longo dos anos 90, computados a partir de uma base bibliográfica internacional e multidisciplinar a Pascal francesa. A análise dos indicadores aqui apresentados mostra que o aumento da produção científica brasileira foi expressivo nos últimos 20 anos, assim como sua internacionalização. Ampliou-se a parceria de pesquisadores brasileiros com de outros países, nos EUA, Europa e também na América do Sul. Embora ainda fortemente concentrada em São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro, a participação da produção científica de pesquisadores de outros estados tem crescido significativamente, especialmente de Minas Gerais.

A produção científica brasileira vem demonstrando ascensão no cenário mundial, o que pode decorrer da internacionalização da ciência nacional e/ou das revistas nacionais. Nesse contexto, este estudo reuniu a produção científica brasileira das bases Web of Science e Scientific Electronic Library Online entre 1998 e 2012, com o fim de analisar como a internacionalização tem influenciado a performance do país. Com base em Zonas de Bradford da produção das diversas áreas, buscou avaliar o aumento do número de revistas em cada uma das zonas, assim como a proporção de artigos publicados em revistas nacionais, ao longo de cinco triênios. Observou-se que o número de revistas indexadas exclusivamente na Scientific Electronic Library Online cresceu no período, com exceção do triênio 4, quando aproximadamente 60% da produção nacional foi publicada em revistas estrangeiras (Web of Science). Notou-se que o aumento mais generalizado do número de revistas das áreas deu-se primeiramente na zona 3 (triênio 2004-2006), depois na zona 2 (triênio 2007-2009) e finalmente na zona 1 (triênio 2010-2012). Já o percentual da produção em revistas nacionais diferenciou três grupos de áreas: ciências sociais e humanas, onde as zonas 1 e 2 são exclusivas de revistas nacionais, e a zona 3 vem dando lugar a publicações estrangeiras; Física, Ciência do Espaço e Imunologia, cuja produção é exclusivamente internacional; e as demais áreas, de ciências exatas e da terra, saúde e biológicas, que vêm aumentando o percentual nas zonas 1 e 2, permanecendo a zona 3 direcionada a publicações internacionais. The Brazilian scientific production growth in the international scenario may be due to the internationalization of Brazilian science and journals. Within this context, this study collected Brazilian scientific production from the Web of Science and Scientific Electronic Library Online databases - data from 1998 to 2012 - in order to analyze how internationalization influenced the performance of the country. Based on the Bradford Zones and considering the different fields, the aim of this study is to assess the growth in the number of journals in each zone, as well as the proportion of the papers published in national journals throughout five triennia. It was possible to observe that the number of journals exclusively indexed in Scientific Electronic Library Online increased inthe period, except in the fourth triennium when several journals were also indexed in the Web of Science. However, about 60% of the national production is published in international journals (Web of Science). The most generalized growth in the number of journals from different fields occurred initially in zone 3 (triennium 2004-2006), then in zone 2 (triennium 2007-2009), and finally in zone 1 (triennium 2010-2012). On the other hand, the percentage of production in national journals across the fields presented three different behaviors: in Social andHuman Sciences zones 1 and 2 contains exclusively national journals, and zone 3 is receiving international journals; in Physics, Space Science and Immunology production is exclusively international; in other fields such as Exact & Earth, Health and Biological Sciences there is an increasing percentage of production in national journals in zone 1 and 2, but zone 3 remains international.

A thesis defense should be considered as not the end but the starting point for scientific communication flow. How many articles truly extend doctoral research? This article proposes a new model to automatically identify the productivity of theses in terms of article publications. We evaluate the use of the co-word analysis technique to establish relationships among 401 doctoral theses and 2,211 articles journal articles published by students in a graduate program at a Brazilian National Nuclear Research Institution (IPEN-CNEN/SP).To identify the relationship between a thesis and an article published by the same author, we used co-descriptor pairs from a controlled vocabulary. To validate the proposed model, a survey was applied to a random sample of theses authors ( n = 128, response rate of 79%), thus establishing a minimum threshold of three coincident co-descriptors to identify the relationship between theses and articles. The agreement level between an author's opinion and the automatic method was 86.9%, with a sampling error of 7.36%, which indicates an acceptable level of accuracy. Differences between the related or nonrelated distributions of articles were also demonstrated, as was a reduction in the median lag time to publication and the supervisor's influence on student productivity.

Brazilian science has increased fast during the last decades. An example is the increasing in the country's share in the world's scientific publication within the main international databases. But what is the actual weight of international publications to the whole Brazilian productivity? In order to respond this question, we have elaborated a new indicator, the International Publication Ratio (IPR). The data source was Lattes Database, a database organized by one of the main Brazilian S&T funding agency, which encompasses publication data from 1997 to 2004 of about 51,000 Brazilian researchers. Influences of distinct parameters, such as sectors, fields, career age and gender, are analyzed. We hope the data presented may help S&T managers and other S&T interests to better understand the complexity under the concept scientific productivity, especially in peripheral countries in science, such as Brazil.

Curricula from the Lattes Platform are a vast source of information for the creation and analysis of researchers' social networks. However, due to the large amount of data, the manual filling-in, and the use of semi-structured data, there are several challenges in the use of Lattes as a source of data. This paper presents a database produced from the mining of more than one million Brazilian Lattes curricula. Moreover, it highlights some descriptive characteristics and relationships among these curricula and among the knowledge areas, directions and challenges to the production and analyzes of social networks generated from these data.

The increasing involvement of graduate students in scientific communication has been the subject of studies in many countries that have been discussing the role of doctoral studies in the research career. In this article we are interested on the study of the academic relationship between the advisor and the advisee for a group of PhD pairs in the Computer Science area, with curricula registered in the Lattes Platform. We analyze the main characteristics of the group and their coauthor relationships. In terms of co-authorship: (i) we observe that the duration that is established between advisor and advisee can extrapolate the formal period of supervision, and (ii) we show that the duration of the collaboration is correlated with both the number of articles published by the advisee and the ones published by the advisor. In this work we also present the advisee profile for researchers that worked in some of the graduate courses in Computer Science in Brazil in the triennium 2007-2009.

Diversos indicadores bibliométricos têm sido empregados na avaliação de desempenho de pesquisadores, universidades e países. Indicadores de impacto, calculados a partir das citações recebidas pelos artigos, têm sido objeto de muitos estudos constantes da pesquisa documentária. Dessa maneira, almeja-se apontar possíveis formas de adequação da análise do impacto de revistas brasileiras com vistas ao aprimoramento dos critérios de avaliação de produção científica no Brasil. Objetivos. A pesquisa foi conduzida de acordo com três objetivos: (1) Verificar se o uso exclusivo de indicadores internacionais deixa a política científica brasileira fora do contexto de sua realidade local, e se o acesso às revistas indexadas nas bases do ISI (Thomson Scientific) tem se justificado pelo uso ? o acesso gratuito aos textos completos é oferecido à comunidade científica pela Capes (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior). (2) Investigar se a base SciELO pode oferecer indicadores de impacto da produção científica brasileira com vistas ao aprimoramento da avaliação científica nacional. (3) Buscar propor metodologias de indicadores mais adequadas à realidade da ciência brasileira. Metodologia. Foi conduzido um estudo exploratório quantitativo, baseados em características qualitativas e quantitativas de revistas científicas provenientes de três fontes: revistas classificadas pela Avaliação Qualis (triênio 2001/2003), revistas do Portal de Periódicos da Capes e revistas indexadas na base SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library). Uma comparação do impacto nacional e internacional de um conjunto de revistas brasileiras indexadas na base SciELO foi realizada a partir das citações recebidas pelas revistas em cada contexto (base SciELO e as bases do ISI). Uma metodologia de análise de revistas foi apresentada aplicando-se técnicas de análise estatística multivariada a um conjunto de 42 indicadores. Resultados. A análise da Avaliação Qualis mostrou que os critérios definidos favorecem principalmente a publicação em revistas internacionais e fazem uso do Fator de Impacto do ISI. O Impacto Pós-Portal, como foi denominado, indicou um efeito positivo, notado pelo aumento da média de citações recebidas na SciELO, por aproximadamente 70% das revistas da amostra (Ciências da Vida), após o ano de publicação no Portal. A comparação do impacto nacional versus internacional das revistas SciELO mostrou que revistas indexadas também no ISI são citadas com mais freqüência naquela base, além de receberem aproximadamente 72% das citações de revistas ISI de autores estrangeiros e terem os artigos em colaboração (nacional e internacional) mais citados que aqueles em autoria única. Em relação às revistas publicadas somente na SciELO, verificou-se que são citadas em quantidades similares naquela base e nas bases do ISI, recebem 68% das citações de revistas ISI de autores estrangeiros e têm seus artigos de autoria única mais citados, seguidos daqueles em colaboração nacional. A análise multivariada dos indicadores das revistas SciELO permitiu a identificação de diferentes grupos de revistas, discriminados de acordo com as diferentes práticas de comunicação científica. Conclusões. A adequação dos critérios utilizados na avaliação da produção científica nacional pode ser conseguida considerando-se indicadores de impacto mensurados a partir de citações provenientes das revistas nacionais, definindo critérios que valorizem a publicação em revistas nacionais de qualidade reconhecida, o que permitirá a publicação de trabalhos importantes na língua portuguesa, e estimulará o processo de melhoria de qualidade das revistas nacionais. Many bibliometric indicators have been used to evaluate the scientific performance of researchers, universities and countries. Impact indicators, measured from citations to articles, have been addressed in many studies in the literature. The present study aimed to put forward possible forms of analysis adequacy to Brazilian scientific journals, to improve the scientific production evaluation criteria in the Brazilian framework. Objectives. The research was conducted in agreement with three objectives: (1) To verify if the exclusive use of international indicators leaves the Brazilian scientific policy out of context of its local reality, and if the ISI (Thomson Scientific) indexed journals usage has been justified ? the access of which in full article texts has been offered gratuitous to the scientific community by Capes (Coordination for the Improvement of High Education Personnel). (2) To investigate if SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library)-indexed Brazilian scientific production could provide impact indicators to appropriately contribute to the national science evaluation. (3) To find more indicators and new methodologies for science assessment in the context of the Brazilian science reality. Methodology. An exploratory quantitative study was conducted, based on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of scientific journals from three sources: journals classified by Qualis Assessment (years 2001/2002/2003), journals of the ?Portal de Periódicos da Capes? and SciELO journals. A comparison between the national and international impact of a set of Brazilian SciELO journals was conducted based on citations received from journals in each database (SciELO and ISI). A methodology of journal analysis was presented applying the multivariate statistical analysis technique to a set of 42 indicators. Results. The analysis of Qualis Assessment showed that the defined criteria favor mainly the publications in international journals by using ISI Impact Factor. The comparison of the annual average of citations received in SciELO by a sample of journals, before and after the availability in it, showed a positive effect, noticed by an increase to 70% of the journals (Life Sciences). The comparison of the national impact versus international impact of SciELO journals showed that those indexed also on ISI are cited more frequently; in the whole sample, SciELO journals received approximately 72% of ISI?s citations from international authors; had the articles in collaboration (national and international) cited more often than those with single authorship. It was noticed that journals indexed only in SciELO, are cited in similar numbers in both databases; received 68% of ISI?s citations from international authors and have articles with single authorship cited more frequently, followed by those with national collaboration. The multivariate analysis of SciELO journals indicators allowed the identification of different groups of journals, separated according to different practices of scientific communication. Conclusions. The criteria adequacy used in the evaluation of the national scientific production can be met considering impact indicators measured by citations on national journals. Criteria should be defined that value the publication in national journals with renown quality. This will allow the publication of important articles in Portuguese, and will encourage the process of national journals quality improvement.