155 results on '"Roger Francis"'
Search Results
2. Guidance for the assessment and management of prostate cancer treatment-induced bone loss. A consensus position statement from an expert group
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Janet E. Brown, Catherine Handforth, Juliet E. Compston, William Cross, Nigel Parr, Peter Selby, Steven Wood, Lawrence Drudge-Coates, Jennifer S. Walsh, Caroline Mitchell, Fiona J. Collinson, Robert E. Coleman, Nicholas James, Roger Francis, David M. Reid, and Eugene McCloskey more...
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Prostate cancer ,Skeletal health ,Osteoporosis ,Fracture risk ,Guidelines ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Context and objective: Incidence of prostate cancer (PC) is increasing, but androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and other therapies are substantially improving survival. In this context, careful consideration of skeletal health is required to reduce the risk of treatment-related fragility fractures and their associated morbidity and mortality. This risk is currently not well-managed. ADT causes significant loss of bone mineral density (BMD). In the metastatic setting, systemic treatments (e.g. chemotherapy, abiraterone, enzalutamide) are used alongside ADT and may require concomitant glucocorticoids. Both ADT and glucocorticoids pose significant challenges to skeletal health in a population of patients already likely to have ongoing age-related bone loss and/or comorbid conditions. Current PC guidelines lack specific recommendations for optimising bone health. This guidance presents evidence for assessment and management of bone health in this population, with specific recommendations for clinical practitioners in day-to-day PC management. Methods: Structured meetings of key opinion leaders were integrated with a systematic literature review. Input and endorsement was sought from patients, nursing representatives and specialist societies. Summary of guidance: All men starting or continuing long-term ADT should receive lifestyle advice regarding bone health. Calcium/vitamin D supplementation should be offered if required. Fracture risk should be calculated (using the FRAX® tool), with BMD assessment included where feasible. BMD should always be assessed where fracture risk calculated using FRAX® alone is close to the intervention threshold. Intervention should be provided if indicated by local or national guidelines e.g. UK National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG) thresholds. Men requiring bone protection therapy should be further assessed (e.g. renal function), with referral to specialist centres if available and offered appropriate treatment to reduce fracture risk. Those near to, but below an intervention threshold, and patients going on to additional systemic therapies (particularly those requiring glucocorticoids), should have FRAX® (including BMD) repeated after 12–18 months. Patient summary: Modern treatments for prostate cancer have led to significant improvements in survival and quality of life. However, some of these treatments may lead to weakening of patient’s bones with risk of fracture and it is therefore important to monitor patients’ bone health and provide bone protection where needed. This paper provides specific guidance to clinical teams, based on the most recent research evidence, to ensure optimal bone health in their patients. more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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Catalog
3. Duplex Stainless Steels—Alloys for the 21st Century
- Author
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Roger Francis and Glenn Byrne
- Subjects
stainless steels ,materials selection ,industrial applications ,Mining engineering. Metallurgy ,TN1-997 - Abstract
Duplex stainless steels were first manufactured early in the 20th century, but it was the introduction in the 1970s of the argon-oxygen decarburisation (AOD) steel making process and the addition of nitrogen to these steels, that made the alloys stronger, more weldable and more corrosion resistant. Today, duplex stainless steels can be categorised into four main groups, i.e., “lean”, “standard”, “super”, and “hyper” duplex types. These groups cover a range of compositions and properties, but they all have in common a microstructure consisting of roughly equal proportions of austenite and ferrite, high strength, good toughness and good corrosion resistance, especially to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) compared with similar austenitic stainless steels. Moreover, the development of a duplex stainless-steel microstructure requires lower levels of nickel in the composition than for a corresponding austenitic stainless steel with comparable pitting and crevice corrosion resistance, hence they cost less. This makes duplex stainless steels a very versatile and attractive group of alloys both commercially and technically. There are applications where duplex grades can be used as lower cost through-life options, in preference to coated carbon steels, a range of other stainless steels, and in some cases nickel alloys. This cost benefit is further emphasised if the design engineer can use the higher strength of duplex grades to construct vessels and pipework of lower wall thickness than would be the case if an austenitic grade or nickel alloy was being used. Hence, we find duplex stainless steels are widely used in many industries. In this paper their use in three industrial applications is reviewed, namely marine, heat exchangers, and the chemical and process industries. The corrosion resistance in the relevant fluids is discussed and some case histories highlight both successes and potential problems with duplex alloys in these industries. The paper shows how duplex stainless steels can provide cost-effective solutions in corrosive environments, and why they will be a standard corrosion resistant alloy (CRA) for many industries through the 21st century. more...
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Systematic review of the use of bone turnover markers for monitoring the response to osteoporosis treatment: the secondary prevention of fractures, and primary prevention of fractures in high-risk groups
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Jane Burch, Stephen Rice, Huiqin Yang, Aileen Neilson, Lisa Stirk, Roger Francis, Paul Holloway, Peter Selby, and Dawn Craig
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systematic review ,bone turnover markers ,osteoporosis ,high-risk patients ,fracture prevention ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
Background: There is currently no standard practice for the monitoring of patients receiving treatment for osteoporosis. Repeated dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is commonly used for monitoring treatment response, but it has its limitations. Bone turnover markers have advantages over DXA as they are non-invasive, relatively cheap and can detect changes in bone turnover rates earlier. However, they do have disadvantages, particularly high within- and between-patient variability. The ability of bone turnover markers to identify treatment non-responders and predict future fracture risk has yet to be established. Objectives: We aimed to determine the clinical effectiveness, test accuracy, reliability, reproducibility and cost-effectiveness of bone turnover markers for monitoring the response to osteoporosis treatment. Data sources: We searched 12 electronic databases (including MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library and trials registries) without language restrictions from inception to March 2012. We hand-searched three relevant journals for the 12 months prior to May 2012, and websites of five test manufacturers and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Reference lists of included studies and relevant reviews were also searched. Review methods: A systematic review of test accuracy, clinical utility, reliability and reproducibility, and cost-effectiveness of two formation and two resorption bone turnover markers, in patients being treated for osteoporosis with any of bisphosphonate [alendronate (Fosamax®, MSD), risedronate (Actonel®, Warner Chilcott Company), zolendronate (Zometa®, Novartis)], raloxifene (Evista®, Eli Lilly and Company Ltd), strontium ranelate (Protelos®, Servier Laboratories Ltd), denosumab (Prolia®, Amgen Ltd) or teriparatide (Forsteo®, Eli Lilly and Company Ltd), was undertaken according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Given the breadth of the review question, a range of study designs and outcome measures were eligible. The development of a decision model was planned to determine the cost-effectiveness of bone turnover markers for informing changes in patient management if clinical effectiveness could be established. Results: Forty-two studies (70 publications) met the inclusion criteria; none evaluated cost-effectiveness. Only five were randomised controlled trials (RCTs); these assessed only the impact of bone marker monitoring on aspects of adherence. No RCTs evaluated the effectiveness of bone turnover marker monitoring on treatment management. One trial suggested that feedback of a good response decreased non-persistence [hazard ratio (HR) 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53 to 0.95], and feedback of a poor response increased non-persistence (HR 2.22, 95% CI 1.27 to 3.89); it is not clear whether or not the trial recruited a population representative of that seen in clinical practice. Thirty-three studies reported results of some assessment of test accuracy, mostly correlations between changes in bone turnover and bone mineral density. Only four studies reported on intra- or interpatient reliability and reproducibility in treated patients. Overall, the results were inconsistent and inconclusive, owing to considerable clinical heterogeneity across the studies and the generally small sample sizes. As clinical effectiveness of bone turnover monitoring could not be established, a decision-analytic model was not developed. Conclusions: There was insufficient evidence to inform the choice of which bone turnover marker to use in routine clinical practice to monitor osteoporosis treatment response. The research priority is to identify the most promising treatment–test combinations for evaluation in subsequent, methodologically sound, RCTs. In order to determine whether or not bone turnover marker monitoring improves treatment management decisions, and ultimately impacts on patient outcomes in terms of reduced incidence of fracture, RCTs are required. Given the large number of potential patient population–treatment–test combinations, the most promising combinations would initially need to be identified in order to ensure that any RCTs focus on evaluating those strategies. As a result, the research priority is to identify these promising combinations, by either conducting small variability studies or initiating a patient registry to collect standardised data. Funding: The National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme. more...
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- 2014
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5. Commercial Availability of Predatory Mites
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Silvia I. Rondon, James F. Price, Oscar E. Liburd, Roger Francis, and Daniel J. Cantliffe
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HS244 ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Predatory mites such as Neoseiulus californicus McGregor (Fig. 1) and Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Fig. 2) feed on important fruits and ornamental pests such as the twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch), broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus (Stenotarsonemus) latus Banks), cyclamen mite (Tarsonemus pallidus L.), and other mite species. These predatory mites are associated with several agricultural cropping systems including strawberries, raspberries, roses, grapes, citrus, ornamentals, and vegetables. Predatory mites have been used as an alternative to miticides on a variety of crops. Their commercial availability is crucial. This document is HS1000, one of a series of the Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: November 2004. more...
- Published
- 2005
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6. The stage jig : six English jigs from the late sixteenth and seventeenth century : annotated with specific reference to the 'less decent' language of the time
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Clegg, Roger Francis
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792.78094209031 - Published
- 2005
7. An active vibration neutraliser
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Kidner, Michael Roger Francis
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534 ,Beam ,Damping - Abstract
In this thesis the active control of a vibration neutraliser is considered. In order to adjust the tuned frequency and bandwidth of the device, control of both neutraliser stiffness and damping is required. An impedance-based approach is used to develop a number of damping control configurations. It is found that one of six possible configurations has distinct advantages. Simulation and experimental results in the frequency domain support this conclusion. The variation of stiffness by changing the separation between the two beam elements of a beam-like neutraliser is discussed. Four different separation geometries are considered. Linear approximations between beam separation and tuned frequency are derived. By considering the torque required to separate the beams a preferred configuration is established. Analytical, numerical and experimental results are presented. The control of the damping and stiffness of a neutraliser in the time domain is considered. A simple fuzzy logic controller is used to control the stiffness of the beam-like neutraliser when it is excited by an approximate swept sine wave. Numerical and experimental results are presented which demonstrate that the tuned condition and hence the level of attenuation is maintained. The damping within the neutraliser is controlled using a piezoceramic actuator and a fuzzy logic rule base. Numerical and experimental results show that it is possible to improve upon the passive tuned behaviour. The above two controllers are combined. The simultaneous control of both tuning and damping in a vibration neutraliser subjected to an approximate swept sine wave excitation is demonstrated. Numerical and experimental results are presented. more...
- Published
- 1999
8. A study of the factors affecting pigment distribution in latex paints
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Brown, Roger Francis Graham
- Subjects
667.9 ,Coatings & paints & finishes - Abstract
The distribution of pigment particles within a decorative gloss paint is of great importance in providing opacity and high gloss. Latex paints differ from solventborne paints in the wet state in a number of ways. One fundamental difference is that the volume occupied by the latex particles cannot be occupied by the pigment particles and the shape of this excluded volume varies as the size ratio of pigment and latex changes. Also, there is competition between latex and pigment surfaces to adsorb surface active species added to provide colloidal stability and rheological control in a latex paint. The geometric effect of varying the particle size ratio was modelled using binary mixtures of chemically similar latices stabilised with the same surfactant. It was found that dispersion of the pigment modelling latex particles was improved in the dry film as the size ratio of latex particles to model pigment particles decreased. Simultaneous computer simulation of binary dispersions using hard sphere potentials generated the same conclusions. There was good numerical agreement between the two sets of results once the effect of volume concentration of the model pigment particles had been mathematically corrected for. Study of systems containing real pigment particles showed that geometric effects predicted by modelling were still valid within the size range studied. Physico-chemical effects associated with varying surface area ratios were not observed. Some chemical effects were also evaluated. Different pigment grades were studied with differing surface treatments. The type and levels of additives were also varied. It was found that pigment distribution changed radically from grade to grade in otherwise similar formulations. The types and levels of additives required to promote good pigment dispersion was very pigment grade specific. more...
- Published
- 1997
9. Modeling of Marine Corrosion Processes
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Jason S. Lee, David G. Enos, Roger Francis, Sean Brossia, and David A. Shifler
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- 2022
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10. Stress Corrosion Cracking of Austenitic Cast Iron in Chloride-Containing Waters
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Roger Francis and Glenn Byrne
- Subjects
General Chemical Engineering ,General Materials Science ,General Chemistry - Abstract
Austenitic cast iron has been used for many years for pump cases, column pipes, and valves in seawater systems, particularly in the Middle East. Since the 1970s, failures have occurred by stress corrosion cracking, and there have been a number of research efforts to understand the problem and suggest means of preventing it. Cracking failures have continued and further research has been undertaken to try and understand the problem more thoroughly. This paper reviews the data from the early research, and presents the results of previously unpublished work, and its implications for the further use of austenitic cast iron in seawater and alternative alloys. more...
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- 2022
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11. Monte Carlo and theoretical studies of aqueous lamellar systems
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Cracknell, Roger Francis
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540 - Published
- 1990
12. TWO-PHASE FLOW MEASUREMENTS IN COXIAL JETS INCLUDING PARTICLE SIZING
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Monote, G., primary, Carreau, Jean-Louis, additional, Le Visage, D., additional, and Roger, Francis, additional
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- 2023
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13. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE NEAR-INJECTOR REGION OF COAXIAL JETS
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Carreau, Jean-Louis, primary, Le Visage, D., additional, Monote, G., additional, Gicquel, P., additional, and Roger, Francis, additional
- Published
- 2023
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14. Liquid Core Characterisation of Coaxial Liquid Oxygen/Inert Gas Jets
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Carreau, Jean-Louis, primary, Porcheron, E., additional, Le Visage, D., additional, Prevost, L., additional, and Roger, Francis, additional
- Published
- 2023
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15. Structure of strongly underexpanded gas jets submerged in liquids – Application to the wastage of tubes by aggressive jets
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Roger, Francis, Carreau, Jean-Louis, Gbahoué, Laurent, Hobbes, Philippe, Allou, Alexandre, and Beauchamp, François
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- 2014
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16. Partial Purification of Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) from Mango Seed Kernel (MSK) Using Alcohol/Salt-Based Aqueous Two-Phase System (ATPS)
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Brendaline C. Enopia, John Leanard M. Lasquite, Camila Flor Yagonia-Lobarbio, Roger Francis E. Senangote, and Danilo C. Sabarre Jr
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Marketing ,Pharmacology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,Chromatography ,Chemistry ,Strategy and Management ,Aqueous two-phase system ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Salt (chemistry) ,Alcohol ,Polyphenol oxidase ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Kernel (statistics) ,Drug Discovery - Abstract
Background: Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) has applications in pharmaceutical, environmental, and food industries. However, conventional techniques for its purification are considered costly and laborious. Alternative methods of purification are needed. Methods: This study explored the use of an alcohol/salt-based Aqueous Two-Phase System (ATPS) to partially purify PPO from Mango Seed Kernel (MSK). Specifically, this study determined the effects of the 1-propanol/potassium phosphate buffer mass ratio on the partition parameters such as partition coefficients, activity recovery, and purification fold. Results: The enzyme partition coefficient (KE) was greater than 1, which signified that more PPO was partitioned in the top phase due to its hydrophobic nature. Specifically, the 3.22 1-propanol/ PPB mass ratio had the highest K E of 1.91 ± 0.16 and 1.46 ± 0.16 for runs 1 and 2, respectively. Moreover, the same mass ratio led to the highest activity recovery in the top phase reaching up to 73.99 ± 1.56% for run 1 and 64.27 ± 2.48% for run 2. In terms of purification fold, runs 1 and 2 had PF values of 0.55 ± 0.05 and 0.70 ± 0.01, respectively. Since the values obtained were low due to the large number of contaminants extracted together with the target enzyme in the top phase, the use of a back-extraction step recovered the PPO in the bottom phase and resulted in an activity recovery of 82.94 ± 1.05% and a purification fold of 7.01 ± 0.95. Conclusion: Results have shown that varying the mass ratio had significant effects on the partition parameters. more...
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- 2021
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17. Periosteal reaction: A pictorial review
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Walters, Huw Roger Francis, primary and Partington, Karen, additional
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- 2022
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18. Corrosion in Caustic Soda in Mineral Processing Operations
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Roger Francis and Steve Clarke
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Hydrometallurgy ,General Chemical Engineering ,Metallurgy ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Chemistry ,Sulfur ,Corrosion ,Metal ,chemistry ,visual_art ,Smelting ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Environmental science ,General Materials Science ,Leaching (metallurgy) ,Stress corrosion cracking ,Mineral processing - Abstract
Because of the high cost of energy, hydrometallurgy is frequently preferred to smelting to extract metals from ores. Many of these processes involve leaching of the metal with an acid, often sulfuric acid. However, there are some processes that use alkaline leachates, such as sodium hydroxide. Hot alkaline solutions present somewhat different corrosion problems to acidic ones and this paper presents data on the corrosion performance of metals and polymers in hot alkaline solutions. Some case histories from the mineral processing industry are used to demonstrate the importance of correct material selection in these corrosive solutions. more...
- Published
- 2020
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19. Duplex Stainless Steels: The Versatile Alloys
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Roger Francis
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Materials science ,General Chemical Engineering ,Metallurgy ,Argon oxygen decarburization ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Chemistry ,Nitrogen ,Desalination ,Corrosion ,chemistry ,Duplex (building) ,General Materials Science ,Seawater ,Mineral processing - Abstract
Duplex stainless steels were first manufactured early in the 20th century, but it was the invention of argon oxygen decarburization melting and the addition of nitrogen that made the alloys stronger, more weldable, and more corrosion resistant. Today, there is a family of duplex stainless steels covering a range of compositions and properties, but they all share high strength and good corrosion resistance, especially to stress corrosion cracking, compared with similar austenitic stainless steels. This paper briefly reviews the range of modern duplex stainless steels and why they are widely used in many industries. They are the workhorse corrosion-resistant alloy in the oil and gas industry. In this paper, their use in three industries common in Australia and New Zealand is reviewed: oil and gas, mineral processing, and desalination. The corrosion resistance in the relevant fluids is reviewed and some case histories highlight both successes and potential problems with duplex alloys in these industries. more...
- Published
- 2019
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20. The Corrosion of Cast Duplex Stainless Steels in Seawater and Sour Brines
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Stan Hebdon and Roger Francis
- Subjects
Materials science ,Duplex (building) ,020209 energy ,General Chemical Engineering ,021105 building & construction ,Metallurgy ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,General Materials Science ,Seawater ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,Corrosion - Abstract
Modern duplex stainless steels have been in use since the early 1970s and cast versions of the wrought alloys were soon in demand for pumps and valves. Since that time a range of cast duplex stainless steels have been developed with a wide range of compositions, but all with approximately 50/50 austenite/ferrite phase balance and deliberate additions of nitrogen. This paper presents some comparative corrosion data on a range of cast duplex stainless steels, mainly in seawater. The differences in performance related to composition and microstructure are discussed. Corrosion data in lower chloride brines are also presented to show the limits of use of some lower alloyed duplex materials. In addition to oxidizing chloride solutions, some data are presented on cast duplex stainless steels in reducing brines containing H2S, where the main corrosion problem is sulfide stress corrosion cracking. Finally, the importance of using a suitable technical specification, over and above ASTM, combined with selecting a suitably skilled foundry in order to obtain satisfactory castings is discussed. more...
- Published
- 2019
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21. Periosteal reaction: A pictorial review
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Huw Roger Francis Walters and Karen Partington
- Subjects
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,General Medicine - Published
- 2022
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22. Duplex Stainless Steels—Alloys for the 21st Century
- Author
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Glenn Byrne and Roger Francis
- Subjects
Toughness ,Materials science ,020209 energy ,stainless steels ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,Corrosion ,Ferrite (iron) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,General Materials Science ,Stress corrosion cracking ,Austenitic stainless steel ,Austenite ,Mining engineering. Metallurgy ,Metallurgy ,fungi ,Metals and Alloys ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,TN1-997 ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Microstructure ,materials selection ,engineering ,industrial applications ,0210 nano-technology ,Crevice corrosion - Abstract
Duplex stainless steels were first manufactured early in the 20th century, but it was the introduction in the 1970s of the argon-oxygen decarburisation (AOD) steel making process and the addition of nitrogen to these steels, that made the alloys stronger, more weldable and more corrosion resistant. Today, duplex stainless steels can be categorised into four main groups, i.e., “lean”, “standard”, “super”, and “hyper” duplex types. These groups cover a range of compositions and properties, but they all have in common a microstructure consisting of roughly equal proportions of austenite and ferrite, high strength, good toughness and good corrosion resistance, especially to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) compared with similar austenitic stainless steels. Moreover, the development of a duplex stainless-steel microstructure requires lower levels of nickel in the composition than for a corresponding austenitic stainless steel with comparable pitting and crevice corrosion resistance, hence they cost less. This makes duplex stainless steels a very versatile and attractive group of alloys both commercially and technically. There are applications where duplex grades can be used as lower cost through-life options, in preference to coated carbon steels, a range of other stainless steels, and in some cases nickel alloys. This cost benefit is further emphasised if the design engineer can use the higher strength of duplex grades to construct vessels and pipework of lower wall thickness than would be the case if an austenitic grade or nickel alloy was being used. Hence, we find duplex stainless steels are widely used in many industries. In this paper their use in three industrial applications is reviewed, namely marine, heat exchangers, and the chemical and process industries. The corrosion resistance in the relevant fluids is discussed and some case histories highlight both successes and potential problems with duplex alloys in these industries. The paper shows how duplex stainless steels can provide cost-effective solutions in corrosive environments, and why they will be a standard corrosion resistant alloy (CRA) for many industries through the 21st century. more...
- Published
- 2021
23. Partial Purification of Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) from Mango Seed Kernel (MSK) Using Alcohol/Salt-Based Aqueous Two-Phase System (ATPS)
- Author
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Lasquite, John Leanard M., primary, Enopia, Brendaline C., additional, Senangote, Roger Francis E., additional, Sabarre, Danilo C., additional, and Yagonia-Lobarbio, Camila Flor J., additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. CRANIAL OSTEOLOGY AND TAXONOMY OF PRONOTHROTHERIUM (XENARTHRA, FOLIVORA, NOTHROTHERIIDAE) FROM THE LATE MIOCENE–EARLY PLIOCENE OF CATAMARCA PROVINCE (ARGENTINA)
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Gaudin, Timothy J., Tuckniss, Susan, Boscaini, Alberto, Pujos, François Roger Francis, and De Iuliis, Gerardo
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Skull ,XENARTHRANS ,TAXONOMY ,Pronothrotherium ,Sloths ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 [https] ,lcsh:GN282-286.7 ,PRONOTHROTHERIUM ,lcsh:Paleontology ,lcsh:Fossil man. Human paleontology ,SKULL ,lcsh:QE701-760 ,SLOTHS ,Xenarthrans ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Pronothrotherium typicum es un perezoso notrotérido del Mioceno tardío–Plioceno temprano (Edades Mamífero Huayqueriense–Chapadmalense) de la provincia de Catamarca, noroeste de Argentina. Pronothrotherium es uno de los cuatro géneros de notroterinos cuyos esqueletos son relativamente completos, pero a diferencia de los otros tres, su anatomía no ha sido formalmente descripta. El presente estudio proporciona las primeras descripciones e ilustraciones de la anatomía craneana de Pronothrotherium, basadas principalmente en un cráneo casi completo de un subadulto y un fragmento de cráneo de un adulto de P. typicum, depositados en las colecciones del Field Museum (Chicago, Illinois, USA). Se provee también una revisión de la diagnosis de P. typicum basada en caracteres craneanos. El cráneo de esta especie muestra una serie de características específicas, como una marcada quilla del vómer en la región nasofaríngea que termina en una protuberancia globosa, que representaría una característica única dentro de los mamíferos. Sobre la base del presente estudio se reconocen dos especies contemporáneas del género Pronothrotherium, P. typicum y P. mirabilis, aunque la segunda es más dudosa. No se acepta la validez de una tercera especie anteriormente descripta, P. figueirasi, que es considerada como sinónimo de P. mirabilis. Este estudio no se propone resolver las relaciones filogenéticas inciertas entre los notroterinos más conocidos Pronothrotherium, Mionothropus (Mioceno tardío) y los dos géneros de Nothrotheriini pleistocenos, Nothrotherium y Nothrotheriops. Sin embargo, esperamos que los datos proporcionados faciliten futuros estudios que abarquen estas cuestiones. Pronothrotherium typicum is a late Miocene–early Pliocene (Huayquerian–Chapadmalalan SALMA) nothrotheriid sloth known from the Catamarca Province of northwestern Argentina. Pronothrotherium is one of four nothrotheriid genera known from relatively complete skeletal material, but unlike the other three, the osteology of Pronothrotherium has not been formally described. The present study provides the first detailed description and illustration of the cranial anatomy of Pronothrotherium, based largely on a nearly complete, subadult skull of P. typicum from the collections of The Field Museum (Chicago, Illinois, USA), as well as a less well-preserved adult skull and isolated mandible from the same collections. A revised cranial diagnosis of P. typicum is provided in the text. The skull of this species shows a number of distinctive features, most notably a peculiar vomerine keel in the nasopharynx, terminating in a swollen knob, that is, as far we know, a unique morphology among mammals. Based on the results of the present study, there appears to be reason to recognize two contemporaneous species of Pronothrotherium, P. typicum and P. mirabilis, although the latter is less well supported. We do not accept the validity of a third described species, P. figueirasi, considering it instead to be synonymous with P. mirabilis. The present study does not resolve the uncertain phylogenetic relationships among the well-preserved nothrotheriine taxa Pronothrotherium, Mionothropus (late Miocene), and the two Pleistocene genera in Nothrotheriini, Nothrotherium and Nothrotheriops. However, we hope that the data provided will facilitate subsequent phylogenetic studies that may resolve these issues. Fil: Gaudin, Timothy J.. University of Tennessee; Estados Unidos Fil: Tuckniss, Susan. University of Tennessee; Estados Unidos Fil: Boscaini, Alberto. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina Fil: Pujos, François Roger Francis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentina Fil: De Iuliis, Gerardo. University of Toronto; Canadá more...
- Published
- 2020
25. An investigation of cyber loss data and its links to operational risk
- Author
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Ruben D. Cohen, Jonathan Humphries, Sabrina Veau, and Roger Francis
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Computer science ,Scenario analysis ,Business and International Management ,Original research ,Finance ,Operational risk - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Interaction of Multiple Gas Jets Horizontally Injected into a Vertical Water Stream
- Author
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Vigneau, Olivier, Pignoux, Stéphane, Carreau, Jean-Louis, and Roger, Francis
- Published
- 2001
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27. Assessment of ignition hazard in turbulent flammable gas mixers combining a Lagrangian approach and large eddy simulation
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Gourara, Amine, Roger, Francis, Wang, Hui Ying, and Most, Jean-Michel
- Published
- 2006
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28. Galvanic corrosion
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Roger Francis
- Published
- 2019
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29. Stainless steels
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Roger Francis
- Published
- 2019
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30. The corrosion performance of metals for the marine environment: a basic guide
- Author
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Roger Francis
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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31. Iron and carbon steel
- Author
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Roger Francis
- Subjects
Materials science ,Carbon steel ,Metallurgy ,engineering ,engineering.material - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Prediction of ignition hazard during turbulent gas mixing: a Lagrangian approach
- Author
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Gourara, Amine, Roger, Francis, Wang, Hui Ying, Most, Jean Michel, Naudet, Valérie, Illy, Fabien, and Louédin, Olivier
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
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33. The sociological and technological implications of the BDE explosion
- Author
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Roger Francis
- Abstract
Technology & eData Paraprofessional, Edmonton, Canada  
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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34. Common Marine Alloys
- Author
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Roger Francis
- Subjects
Brass ,Materials science ,chemistry ,visual_art ,Metallurgy ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,engineering ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Titanium alloy ,Bronze ,engineering.material ,Copper - Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. WHO'S EUROPEAN MEMBER STATES LOOK AT QUALITY ASSURANCE: Report on the technical discussions at the thirty-eighth session of the Regional Committee for Europe
- Author
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Jolly, Dominique, Roger, Francis, and Shaw, Charles
- Published
- 1989
36. ISSUES IN QUALITY ASSURANCE—THE EUROPEAN SCENE
- Author
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Vuori, Hannu and Roger, Francis
- Published
- 1989
37. Recommendations for Comparable Medical Record Summaries among Hospitals in the European Community
- Author
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Roger, Francis H., Lindberg, D. A. B., editor, Reichertz, P. L., editor, Grémy, Francois, editor, Degoulet, Patrice, editor, Barber, Barry, editor, and Salamon, Roger, editor
- Published
- 1981
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Developing sustainable transport - the case of corporate roads in Eastern Australia
- Author
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ROGER FRANCIS TOLEMAN
- Subjects
FOS: Economics and business ,FOS: Social and economic geography ,120506 Transport Planning ,140217 Transport Economics - Abstract
The thesis reviews the development of corporate road systems in Eastern Australia, nd the performance of these roads in relation to the development principles and practice of sustainable transport
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Deleterious phases resulting from the induction bending of thick-walled super-duplex pipework
- Author
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Ian Black, Glynn Byrne, Roger Francis, and Graeme Collie
- Subjects
Materials science ,Precipitation (chemistry) ,Metallurgy ,Metals and Alloys ,Bending ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Corrosion testing ,law.invention ,Optical microscope ,Duplex (building) ,law ,Thermal ,Materials Chemistry ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry - Abstract
Temper free induction bending can have a significant impact on the mechanical and corrosion-resistance properties of thick-walled super duplex pipe. Sections from induction bent pipe were solution annealed at 1 120 °C for various periods to sequentially eliminate different deleterious phases. By comparing the results of modified DL-EPR analysis, optical microscopy, mechanical and corrosion testing before and after the various heat treatments, it was shown that the deterioration in properties was due to the precipitation of α′. It was also possible to determine the order in which α′, γ2 and Cr2N had precipitated, and thus to conclude that the unfavourable metallurgy was the result of inadequate post-bend cooling. A likely thermal history for the pipe is proposed that leads to the description of a modified temper free process. more...
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Active metal-based corrosion protective coating systems for aircraft requiring no-chromate pretreatment
- Author
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Roger Francis Graham Brown, Dante Battocchi, Gordon P. Bierwagen, and Scott Alan Hayes
- Subjects
Materials science ,Chromate conversion coating ,Magnesium ,business.industry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Metallurgy ,Organic Chemistry ,Oxide ,chemistry.chemical_element ,engineering.material ,Cathodic protection ,Corrosion ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Coating ,chemistry ,Hazardous waste ,engineering ,Materials Chemistry ,Aerospace ,business - Abstract
There has been much R&D effort expended to develop pretreatments and coatings that allow the replacement of toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, environmentally hazardous chromates used as pretreatments and pigments in aircraft coating systems. There have been many claims for chromate replacement in primer and pretreatment systems for aircraft, but no systems presently are in use that can function and meet specifications without some form of chromate used in the pretreatment and/or primer. The Mg-rich primer technology developed at North Dakota State University and now in final commercial development at AKZO Nobel Aerospace Coatings shows that finally aerospace Al alloys can be protected against corrosion. With simple cleaning only or a non-chromate pretreatment, the Mg-rich primer (MgRP) + aerospace topcoat provides an aircraft protection system that give corrosion protection that equals or exceeds any system using chromate in any form. About 18 peer reviewed papers have been published and at least twice that many presentations at technical meetings describing this new aircraft primer technology. There are an extensive number of samples in outdoor exposure, and in exposure on small parts of aircraft like port-hole covers and doors, and the coating system has been in accelerated exposure cabinets of all sorts. In the first versions of the magnesium primer premature blistering was noted during immersion or B117 continuous salt spray testing which may be due to hydrogen generation from water contact at a particle. Efforts to control the level of activity of the magnesium have been successfully accomplished since the testing reported in this paper which controls this phenomenon. Current formulations meet and exceed the ASTM B117 test results of full chromate primer systems. Open circuit potential (OCP) measurements indicate an extended period of cathodic protection of the Al aircraft alloys such as AA 2024 T-3 and AA 7075 T-6. After this stage of protection, a combination of Mg oxide, hydroxide and carbonate compounds seem to give protection to the system, as we have seen corrosion protection given to samples for greater than 10,000 h of cyclic exposure for Mg-rich primers with good aerospace topcoats. Preliminary data are presented for other Mg alloys as pigments in metal-rich coating systems. All data indicates that the Mg-rich (or Mg-alloy pigment-rich) primer + aircraft topcoat system gives excellent corrosion protection by mechanisms entirely different from the modes of protection for aircraft alloys given by the toxic, carcinogenic chromate compounds now in use in all corrosion protection systems for aircraft. In most cases thus far examined, the protection, especially in cyclic exposure, exceeds the present chromate-based systems. more...
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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41. 1000 Inventions and Discoveries
- Author
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Bridgman, Roger Francis, Smithsonian Institution, Bridgman, Roger Francis, and Smithsonian Institution
- Subjects
- Inventions--History--Juvenile literature
- Abstract
Amazing discoveries and inventions of the last eight years bring this new edition of 1,000 Inventions and Discoveries up to date. Uncover the stories behind 1,000 remarkable inventions and discoveries that have shaped our world, from making fire to the gadgets of the 21st century. This revised and updated edition brings this comprehensive review of humanity's greatest ideas up to date. It is packed with discoveries and innovations in science, space, technology, transportation, medicine, mathematics, and language, along with a history timeline. more...
- Published
- 2014
42. Partnerships for Progress
- Author
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Roger Francis Toleman and Geoff Rose
- Subjects
Transport engineering ,Transportation planning ,Sustainable transport ,Human systems engineering ,Mechanical Engineering ,General partnership ,Sustainability ,Business ,Element (criminal law) ,Private sector ,Transportation infrastructure ,Environmental planning ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
Road infrastructure institutions and organizations are beginning to face a period of major change that will affect current partnerships in the transportation sector. The fundamental element of this change centers around the increasing importance of the concept of sustainability, which is developing from the increasing realization that the world has geophysical limits and that transportation systems, in common with many other human systems, are putting increasing pressure on these limits. The paper first reviews four perspectives of sustainability: negative, superficial, weak, and strong. It then evaluates how the ethical principles of strong sustainability could translate into transportation sector policy, based on the Swedish Vision Zero approach to road safety, within the overall concept of sustainability across society. Understanding of the implications of a possible sustainable road transportation infrastructure policy involves a preliminary evaluation of potential changes in current transportation institutions in the light of a number of indicated outcomes in a framework of pricing and investment, integration, mobility, and modal change. Four broad classifications of road infrastructure organization are then reviewed: departmental systems, public agencies with a degree of political independence, government-owned companies, and public–private partnerships. In each case, the structures are reviewed to understand the potential for sustainable outcomes from current systems, together with the likely consequences for future elected government functions. The paper concludes with a brief examination of the political process of change and the need for change to bring together community partnerships to support progress. more...
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Partial Purification of Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) from Mango Seed Kernel(MSK) Using Alcohol/Salt-Based Aqueous Two-Phase System (ATPS)
- Author
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Lasquite, John Leanard M., Enopia, Brendaline C., Senangote, Roger Francis E., Sabarre, Danilo C., and Yagonia-Lobarbio, Camila Flor J.
- Abstract
Background: Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) has applications in pharmaceutical, environmental,and food industries. However, conventional techniques for its purification are consideredcostly and laborious. Alternative methods of purification are needed. Methods: This study explored the use of an alcohol/salt-based Aqueous Two-Phase System (ATPS)to partially purify PPO from Mango Seed Kernel (MSK). Specifically, this study determined theeffects of the 1-propanol/potassium phosphate buffer mass ratio on the partition parameters such aspartition coefficients, activity recovery, and purification fold. Results: The enzyme partition coefficient (KE) was greater than 1, which signified that more PPOwas partitioned in the top phase due to its hydrophobic nature. Specifically, the 3.22 1-propanol/PPB mass ratio had the highest K E of 1.91 ± 0.16 and 1.46 ± 0.16 for runs 1 and 2, respectively.Moreover, the same mass ratio led to the highest activity recovery in the top phase reachingup to 73.99 ± 1.56% for run 1 and 64.27 ± 2.48% for run 2. In terms of purification fold, runs 1 and2 had PF values of 0.55 ± 0.05 and 0.70 ± 0.01, respectively. Since the values obtained were lowdue to the large number of contaminants extracted together with the target enzyme in the top phase,the use of a back-extraction step recovered the PPO in the bottom phase and resulted in an activityrecovery of 82.94 ± 1.05% and a purification fold of 7.01 ± 0.95. Conclusion: Results have shown that varying the mass ratio had significant effects on the partitionparameters. more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. El basicráneo y región orbital de eucholoeops ingens ameghino, (Xenarthra, pilosa, megalonychidae) del mioceno temprano
- Author
-
Gaudin, Timothy, De Iuliis, Gerardo, Toledo, Néstor, and Pujos, François Roger Francis
- Subjects
Morphology ,Basicranium ,Eucholoeops ,Skull ,Meteorología y Ciencias Atmosféricas ,Megalonychidae ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS ,Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente - Abstract
Nuevos cráneos excepcionalmente bien conservados del megaloníquido basal Eucholoeops ingens Ameghino han sido recuperados, en recientes trabajos de campo, en niveles del Mioceno temprano de la Formación Santa Cruz (Patagonia Argentina, edadmamífero Santacrucense). El estudio de estos especímenes ha permitido realizar descripciones anatómicas detalladas del basicráneo, endocráneo y de la pared orbital, incluyendo también descripciones de la morfología y relaciones suturales existentes entre los huesos de esta región del cráneo y de los forámenes craneales asociados. Se realizaron comparaciones con otros megaloníquidos (incluyendo el actual perezoso de dos dedos Choloepus Illiger) y también con perezosos megaterioideos. Al analizar varios especímenes de E. ingens, hemos sido capaces de examinar la variación intraespecífica en las estructuras descritas, reconociéndose importantes diferencias en los individuos a nivel de los patrones suturales (e.g., delimitación del foramen ovale), de los forámenes craneales (e.g., presencia/ausencia del foramen postglenoideo) y de la morfología ósea (e.g., fusión de las alae del vómer). La morfología del basicráneo y de la órbita de Eucholoeops ingens presenta varios aspectos plesiomórficos, incluyendo la presencia en el pterigoideo de una lámina descendente de contorno semiesférica y la ausencia de un contacto alisfenoideo/parietal, sin duda debido a su posición como el más antiguo megaloníquido conocido con material relativamente completo. Por último, la presencia de surcos distintos en la superficie del promontorio y dirigidos hacia la fenestra ovalis sugiere que Eucholoeops ingens podría ser el único Xenarthra conocido que ha retenido una arteria estapedial funcional en la edad adulta. New, exceptionally well preserved skulls of the basal megalonychid ground sloth Eucholoeops ingens Ameghino have been recovered through recent field work in the late early Miocene Santa Cruz Formation of southern Argentina (Patagonia, Santacrucian LMA). These specimens have permitted detailed description of the anatomy of the basicranium, endocranium, and orbital wall, including descriptions of the morphology and sutural relationships of the bones from this portion of the skull, and their associated cranial foramina. Comparisons are made to other megalonychid and megatherioid sloths, including the extant two-toed sloth Choloepus Illiger (Megalonychidae). As the descriptions are based on multiple specimens of E. ingens, we have been able to examine intraspecific variation in the features described, and have found marked differences among individual specimens in sutural patterns (e.g., the bones that surround the foramen ovale aperture), cranial foramina (e.g., the presence/absence of a postglenoid foramen), and bony morphology (e.g., fusion of the alae of the vomer). The basicranial and orbital morphology of Eucholoeops ingens is shown to possess numerous plesiomorphic aspects, including the presence of a descending lamina of the pterygoid that is hemispherical in outline, and the absence of an alisphenoid/parietal contact, no doubt due to its position as the oldest megalonychid known from relatively complete material. The presence of distinct grooves on the promontorial surface directed toward the fenestra ovalis suggest that Eucholoeops ingens may be the only known xenarthran to have retained a functional stapedial artery into adulthood. Fil: Gaudin, Timothy. University of Tennessee; Estados Unidos Fil: De Iuliis, Gerardo. University of Toronto; Canadá Fil: Toledo, Néstor. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Pujos, François Roger Francis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentina more...
- Published
- 2015
45. Description of a new species of Sparassocynus (Marsupialia: Didelphoidea: Sparassocynidae) from the late Miocene of Jujuy (Argentina) and taxonomic review of Sparassocynus heterotopicus from the Pliocene of Bolivia
- Author
-
Abello, María Alejandra, de Los Reyes, Leonardo Martín, Candela, Adriana Magdalena, Pujos, François Roger Francis, Voglino, Damián, and Mamani Quispe, Bernardino
- Subjects
Metatheria ,Neogene ,South America ,Meteorología y Ciencias Atmosféricas ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS ,Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente - Abstract
A new species of sparassocynid marsupial, Sparassocynus maimarai n. sp. from the late Miocene of Maimará Formation (Jujuy Province, Argentina) is described from a left mandibular fragment with a complete p2–m4 series. It differs from the remaining species of the genus S. bahiai (Montehermosan—late Miocene/early Pliocene—of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina) and S. derivatus (Chapadmalalan and Marplatan–Pliocene of Buenos Aires Province) by its smaller size, the relatively longer m1 with respect to the m4, the presence of a lingual cingulum extended between para- and metaconid on the m1–3, and its more robust entoconids. As part of this study the taxonomic status of Sparassocynus heterotopicus (Montehermosan, Umala, Bolivia; Pliocene) was reviewed concluding that this taxon should be referred to as ‘Sparassocynus’ heterotopicus and considered a Didelphoidea of uncertain affinities. Sparassocynus maimarai n. sp. is the oldest records of the genus, adding new information to evaluate the origins and early diversification of sparassocynids. Sparassocynus maimarai n. sp. was recovered with precise stratigraphic control, highlighting its potential biostratigraphic significance to the temporal correlations between Maimará Formation and other Mio–Pliocene stratigraphic units from the northwestern Argentina. Fil: Abello, María Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Laboratorio de Sistemática y Biología Evolutiva; Argentina Fil: de Los Reyes, Leonardo Martín. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina Fil: Candela, Adriana Magdalena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina Fil: Pujos, François Roger Francis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentina Fil: Voglino, Damián. Museo de Ciencias Naturales "Rvdo. P. Antonio Scasso"; Argentina Fil: Mamani Quispe, Bernardino. Museo Nacional de Historia Natural; Bolivia more...
- Published
- 2015
46. Opening Address
- Author
-
Roger, Francis H., Lindberg, D. A. B., editor, Reichertz, P. L., editor, Roger, F. H., editor, Willems, J. L., editor, O’Moore, R. R., editor, and Barber, B., editor
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Corrosion Performance of Metals for the Marine Environment EFC 63 : A Basic Guide
- Author
-
Roger Francis and Roger Francis
- Subjects
- TA462
- Abstract
Engineers with an interest in the marine environment can take advantage of many years of accumulated corrosion experience in a quick and concise manner with this publication. It covers the corrosion behavior in sea water of steel, stainless steel and cast iron as well as alloys of copper, aluminum, nickel and titanium. Applications, commonly-used alloy compositions and mechanical properties are also covered for each alloy system, plus a special section is devoted to galvanic corrosion and its avoidance. more...
- Published
- 2012
48. Material selection: How to achieve the most cost effective chice for your pump
- Author
-
Roger Francis and Mike Bennett
- Subjects
Risk analysis (engineering) ,Material selection ,Cost effectiveness ,Mechanical Engineering ,Relevant cost ,Economics ,Operations management ,Lower cost - Abstract
There is an increasing demand for pumps to be more reliable, with less maintenance and at lower cost. A determination of cost effectiveness requires consideration of numerous factors such as material cost, material resistance to the pumped fluid and expected life. Weight must be attached to each of the factors and a materials choice made accordingly. This article explains how this can be achieved in practice. more...
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Effects of Cathodic Protection on Duplex Stainless Steels in Seawater
- Author
-
Glenn Byrne, Roger Francis, and G. Warburton
- Subjects
Austenite ,Materials science ,Hydrogen ,Dual-phase steel ,General Chemical Engineering ,Metallurgy ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Chemistry ,Cathodic protection ,chemistry ,Ferrite (iron) ,General Materials Science ,Seawater ,Embrittlement ,Hydrogen embrittlement - Abstract
Available data on embrittlement of duplex stainless steels (DSS) under cathodic protection (CP) in seawater, including some data previously unpublished, was reviewed. Results show hydrogen...
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. A Miocene relative of the Ganges River dolphin from the amazonian basin
- Author
-
Bianucci, Giovanni, Lambert, Oliver, Salas Gismondi, Rodolfo, Tejada, Julia, Pujos, François Roger Francis, Urbina, Mario, and Antoine, Pierre Olivier
- Subjects
SYSTEMATIC ,DOLPHIN ,Paleontología ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS ,PERUVIAN AMAZON ,MIOCENE ,Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente - Abstract
Today, only three odontocete (toothed whales) genera are restricted to freshwater habitats: the Amazon River dolphin (Inia geoffrensis), the possibly extinct Yangtze River dolphin (Lipotes vexillifer) (Turvey et al., 2007), and the Ganges and Indus river dolphins (Platanista gangetica). Even if their phylogenetic relationships are still debated, Inia, Lipotes, and Platanista are now recognized as belonging to different families (Iniidae, Lipotidae, and Platanistidae, respectively) on the basis of morphological and molecular characters (Muizon, 1988; Cassens et al., 2000; Hamilton et al., 2001; Nikaido et al., 2001; McGowen et al., 2009; Geisler et al., 2011, 2012). Considering their geographic distribution and the discovery of some fossil relatives in marine deposits, for example, the iniid Meherrinia, the lipotid Parapontoporia, and the platanistids Prepomatodelphis, Pomatodelphis, and Zarachis, the current habitat of freshwater dolphins must be explained by independent episodes of colonization of freshwater environments (Cassens et al., 2000; Geisler et al., 2011, 2012). Several fragmentary fossil specimens, isolated teeth or jaw fragments, have been tentatively attributed in the past to unknown species that are thought to be closely related to extant river dolphin genera (e.g., Zhou et al., 1984; review in Muizon, 1988), but until now there were no diagnostic fossil remains that could provide clues about the early steps of these colonization episodes. More specifically, the fossil record of Platanistinae, the subfamily including the extant Platanista, is scarce, with only one tentative record from early Miocene, coastal deposits of Oregon, north Pacific. This specimen consists of an isolated mandibular symphyseal region that is transversely compressed (Barnes, 2006). Even if we consider this attribution as valid, a long ghost lineage characterizes most of the history of the Platanistinae, the latter having diverged from the extinct subfamily Pomatodelphininae since at least the latest early Miocene (Barnes, 2002, 2006). We present here a new fossil platanistine specimen: a periotic from the middle Miocene of Peruvian Amazonia. This highly diagnostic ear bone partly fills the ghost lineage mentioned above and provides insights on the shifts to freshwater environments by various odontocete clades, a phenomenon probably underestimated due to the lack of fossils from the freshwater sedimentary record, and probably not just limited to extant clades of freshwater odontocetes (Fordyce, 1983). Fil: Bianucci, Giovanni. Universita di Pisa. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra; Italia Fil: Lambert, Oliver. Institut royal des sciences naturelles de Belgique. Departement de paleontologie; Bélgica Fil: Salas Gismondi, Rodolfo. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Museo de historia natural. Paleontología de Vertebrados; Perú Fil: Tejada, Julia. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Museo de historia natural. Paleontología de Vertebrados; Perú. Institut Français d’etudes Andines; Perú Fil: Pujos, François Roger Francis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Científico Tecnológico Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentina. Institut Français d’etudes Andines; Perú Fil: Urbina, Mario. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Museo de historia natural. Paleontología de Vertebrados; Perú Fil: Antoine, Pierre Olivier. Universite Montpellier Ii; Francia more...
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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