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The carbon dioxide sorption process at coal seams is very important for understanding the trapping mechanisms of carbon capture and storage. The gas retention capacity of coal seams can be estimated using indirect methods based on the adsorption/desorption isotherms obtained in the laboratory. However, the gas sorption capacity can be overestimated or underestimated depending on the sample preparation. This work evaluates different sample preparations and their theoretical adsorption capacity using coal samples from the Cambui coal field (Parana Basin), southern Brazil. Experiments using a thermogravimetric balance were done to calculate the theoretical adsorption capacity, while sample characterization was done through immediate analysis, elementary analysis, and mineralogical studies. The sample preparations used in this work were powder, pellets, and fragments. While the powder form presents an average behavior, without any experimental complication, the pellet is extremely sensitive to any variation in the sample preparation, such as fractures, and the fragment requires a much longer experiment time than the other sample preparations, being impracticable for some cases.

A novel sensing phase of polyurethane was predicted by quantum chemical calculations as capable of detecting toluene, with the experimental results revealing a limit of detection of 1.4 mg L-1 in the determination of toluene in water samples. The quantum chemical computational strategy was validated by assessing the impact of the polymer matrix sensing phases polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and polyisobutylene (PIB), as solvents, on the Gibbs energy of solvation of the organic contaminants toluene, benzene, chlorobenzene and ethylbenzene. Computational results for the set studied indicate that the limit of detection of contaminants for each polymeric matrix correlated well with the Gibbs energy of solvation. As such, the computational methodology was employed to assess the potential applicability of polyurethane matrices on the determination of toluene as a contaminant in water, with positive results. Analyzes were then carried out experimentally by mid-infrared spectroscopy. Finally, experiments revealed good regenerative capacity of polyurethane, further adding to the usefulness of the technique here advanced.

Abstract Background Pregnancy can be a risk factor for the development of more severe COVID-19 with a possible increase in the risk of complications during pregnancy/birth and adverse neonatal outcomes. This study aimed to describe and analyze the clinical and epidemiological aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in women in the perinatal period attended in the city of Belém, northern region of Brazil. Methods This is a clinical, observational, analytical, and cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, conducted at the Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará Foundation (FSCMPA). It included 230 pregnant women hospitalized at FSCMPA with a positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR molecular test between April 2020 and June 2022. Clinical and epidemiological information (origin, gestational age, prenatal care, comorbidities, birth complications, and chest tomography) were obtained from medical records, and correlation was made between the types of cases (mild, moderate, and severe) and maternal outcome. The chi-square test and G test were used to assess the possibility of association between variables. Results Evidence of association was observed between the severity of COVID-19 and the following parameters: gestational age, specific pregnancy comorbidities, baby and maternal death, birth complications, and prematurity. Dyspnea, headache, anosmia, odynophagia, diarrhea, and chest pain were the symptoms most related to disease aggravation. The maternal mortality rate in the study was 8.7%. Conclusion Specific pregnancy-related and pre-existing comorbidities associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection directly contribute to the worsening clinical condition, leading to complications such as prematurity, fetal, and maternal death.

ABSTRACT The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others.

Educação em saúde é uma estratégia de abordagem do profissional farmacêutico com o indivíduo em sociedade, para levar a este conhecimento e informações que gerem o cuidado com hábitos. Dito isso, este artigo tem por objetivo descrever as atividades de ações de educação em saúde e serviços farmacêuticos prestados em uma Organização Não Governamental (ONG), na região norte do Brasil, e sua relevância observada. As ações abordaram as temáticas das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, e ofereceram como serviços, a aferição de pressão arterial e verificação de glicemia capilar, para promover práticas de autocuidado, orientações e qualidade de vida. Acrescenta-se também, abordagens acerca de cuidados e prevenção com saúde da mulher, e um serviço extra de práticas integrativas e complementares em saúde. As ações ocorreram no período de um ano, iniciado em 2022 e finalizado em 2023. Conclui-se que, a realização das ações agrega à comunidade, a oportunidade em obter esclarecimentos de questões em saúde, e acessibilidade aos serviços em saúde. E, aos discentes da graduação em farmácia, resulta em vivências que aprimoram o cuidado, a gestão, a orientação, a educação e a assistência farmacêutica.

Abstract Rodents of the genus Cerradomys belong to tribe Oryzomyini, one of the most diverse and speciose groups in Sigmodontinae (Rodentia, Cricetidae). The speciation process in Cerradomys is associated with chromosomal rearrangements and biogeographic dynamics in South America during the Pleistocene era. As the morphological, molecular and karyotypic aspects of Myomorpha rodents do not evolve at the same rate, we strategically employed karyotypic characters for the construction of chromosomal phylogeny to investigate whether phylogenetic relationships using chromosomal data corroborate the radiation of Cerradomys taxa recovered by molecular phylogeny. Comparative chromosome painting using Hylaeamys megacephalus (HME) whole chromosome probes in C. langguthi (CLA), Cerradomys scotii (CSC), C. subflavus (CSU) and C. vivoi (CVI) shows that karyotypic variability is due to 16 fusion events, 2 fission events, 10 pericentric inversions and 1 centromeric repositioning, plus amplification of constitutive heterochromatin in the short arms of the X chromosomes of CSC and CLA. The chromosomal phylogeny obtained by Maximum Parsimony analysis retrieved Cerradomys as a monophyletic group with 97% support (bootstrap), with CSC as the sister to the other species, followed by a ramification into two clades (69% of branch support), the first comprising CLA and the other branch including CVI and CSU. We integrated the chromosome painting analysis of Eumuroida rodents investigated by HME and Mus musculus (MMU) probes and identified several syntenic blocks shared among representatives of Cricetidae and Muridae. The Cerradomys genus underwent an extensive karyotypic evolutionary process, with multiple rearrangements that shaped extant karyotypes. The chromosomal phylogeny corroborates the phylogenetic relationships proposed by molecular analysis and indicates that karyotypic diversity is associated with species radiation. Three syntenic blocks were identified as part of the ancestral Eumuroida karyotype (AEK): MMU 7/19 (AEK 1), MMU 14 (AEK 10) and MMU 12 (AEK 11). Besides, MMU 5/10 (HME 18/2/24) and MMU 8/13 (HME 22/5/11) should be considered as signatures for Cricetidae, while MMU 5/9/14, 5/7/19, 5 and 8/17 for Sigmodontinae.

Fluorene-benzothiadiazole (PFBT), commercially known as F8BT, and fluorene-thiophene (PFT) copolymers were synthesized by the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling polycondensation technique in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst (Aliquat 336). These novel copolymers showed higher molar masses, lower dispersivity, and thermal stability above 400 °C when synthesized under the modified (M) action of Aliquat 336 (F8BT-M). Polymer Light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) were assembled with the novel synthesized copolymers as the emitter layer. For F8BT-M, a maximum luminance of 327 cd/m2 was achieved, while a diode containing just the commercial F8BT resulted in only 210 cd/m2. As for the PFT copolymers, it was observed that for the Aliquat 336 sample synthesized in a 60h extended (E) (PFT-ME), the luminance of the PLED was much higher than that where the reaction time was 48 h (PFT-M), with a luminance of 168 cd/m2 and 54 cd/m2, respectively. Without Aliquat 336, the PFT copolymer did not show an electroluminescent signal. The improved electroluminescence in the copolymers with Aliquat 336 was attributed to the improved synthesis conditions, i.e., reaction time and catalytic system employed. The results suggest that copolymers with luminescent and morphological properties, more suitable for light-emitting devices, might be obtained with simple modifications during synthetic polycondensation reactions.

Niobium-based oxides have garnered increased attention in recent years for their remarkable enhancement of corrosion resistance, as well as biofunctional properties of various metallic materials, including 316L SS. However, the mechanical properties of these promising coatings have not been fully elucidated. This study investigated how much the environmental conditions (air, artificial saliva, and NaCl solution) impact the wear performance of 316L SS without and with Nb2O5 coatings deposited via the reactive sputtering technique. The results exhibited a notable decrease in friction coefficient (55% in air, 18% in artificial saliva, 10% in 0.9 wt% NaCl solution), wear area (46% in air, 36% in AS, 17.5% in 0.9 wt% NaCl solution), and wear rate (44.0% in air, 19.5% in AS, 12.0% in 0.9 wt% NaCl solution). Ultimately, the results obtained in the present study elucidate the synergistic mechanisms of corrosion and wear in 316L SS containing Nb2O5 coatings, highlighting its significant potential for applications in the biomedical sector.

The current work determines the maximum concentrations of pollutants that interfere significantly in the process, mainly in the catalyst. With this, the study tested the impact of oxygen, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen monoxide on NiO/SiO2 commercial catalyst more used in this process. Besides this, from reactions with and without contaminants, the catalyst was characterized through TGA, FESEM and TEM in order to evaluate the impact of each element on its morphology. Experiments with the presence of the oxygen showed that the O2 consumes the hydrogen and produces more water, reducing the CO2 conversion and CH4 formation. Sulfur showed a significant impact at the reducing of its activity catalyst in concentrations above 5 ppm. Nitrogen monoxide, which is a major component of NOx showed to be little harmful to the catalyst, changing the reaction stability at the CO2 conversion. Both NO and SO2 changed the catalyst morphology and ripped apart the nickel particles from the support, decreasing the catalyst activity over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Syphilis remains a significant global public health concern, and one of its consequences in pregnant women is the potential occurrence of congenital syphilis due to Treponema pallidum infection. This study determined the prevalence of syphilis among pregnant women undergoing prenatal care in a neighborhood on the outskirts of the city of Belém, Brazilian Amazon. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from clinical records of 611 pregnant women who underwent prenatal care at a public health unit in 2019 and 2020. The reagent result for VDRL was used as an indicator of syphilis. Odds Ratio and chi-square tests were used to evaluate the association of information from pregnant women with syphilis. Results: The overall prevalence of syphilis was 5.2 % (32/611; 95 % CI: 3.5–7.0 %). Age under 23 years was identified as a risk factor for syphilis. Conclusions: The prevalence of syphilis among pregnant women in the outskirts of Belém is high, especially among younger women. There is an urgent need to intensify innovative sexual and reproductive health education initiatives and emphasize the importance of consistent practice of preventive measures against syphilis and other STIs in the Amazon region, especially in the young population.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease with a broad clinical spectrum, which may result in hospitalization in healthcare units, intensive care, and progression to death. This study aimed to describe and compare the clinical and epidemiological profile of COVID-19 during the three waves of the disease, in patients admitted to a public hospital in the city of Belém, Pará, in the Amazon region of Brazil. Methods: This descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional study was population-based on individuals who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of COVID-19, confirmed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and who were interviewed and monitored at the public hospital, from February 2020 to April 2022. Results: The prevalence was male patients, older than 60 years. The most frequent symptoms were dyspnea, cough, and fever. Systemic arterial hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity followed by diabetes mellitus. Less than 15% of patients were vaccinated. The nasal oxygen cannula was the most used oxygen therapy interface followed by the non-rebreathing reservoir mask. Invasive mechanical ventilation predominated and the median time of invasive mechanical ventilation ranged from 2 to 6 days among waves. As for the hospital outcome, transfers prevailed, followed by deaths and discharges. Conclusion: The presence of comorbidities, advanced age, and male sex were important factors in the severity and need for hospitalization of these patients, and the implementation of the vaccination policy was an essential factor in reducing the number of hospital admissions.

Background: Syphilis remains a significant global public health issue, and female sex workers (FSWs) are highly vulnerable to the etiological agent of this disease. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of exposure to Treponema pallidum, as well as the vulnerability factors among FSWs in the state of Pará, Brazilian Amazon. Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective study involving 360 FSWs from five cities in Pará was conducted from 2005 to 2007. Blood samples were collected for treponemal and non-treponemal testing, and epidemiological information was obtained through interviews. Results: The exposure rate to T. pallidum was 37.7% (136/360), and the majority of FSWs had serological results indicating past exposure (21.1%). Among the FSWs exposed to T. pallidum, most of them were single, aged 23 to 42 years old, had less than 8 years of schooling, and had a family income of between 1 and 3 minimum wages. They reported using condoms during sexual intercourse and had no history of sexually transmitted infection (STI). Furthermore, many of the FSWs exposed to T. pallidum reported having more than 20 sexual partners per month, and had partners from other Brazilian states, but not from other countries. An age over 42 years and a reduced level of education were factors associated with exposure to T. pallidum. Finally, a high rate of exposure to T. pallidum among FSWs in the Brazilian state of Pará (from 2005 to 2007) was detected. In later years, epidemiological studies conducted with FSWs recorded that this rate remained high. Measures to control, treat, and prevent syphilis among FSWs were necessary between 2005 and 2007, and they are still imperative today. Actions related to educational programs and STI control, treatment, and prevention measures contained in Brazilian policies aimed at women’s health have not changed the vulnerability scenario of FSWs regarding their exposure to T. pallidum, even after 16 years, and must be reviewed and adapted to the conditions of the Brazilian Amazon.

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Este artigo investiga possíveis relações entre as noções de arquivo e os conteúdos de algumas obras de arte para averiguar as possibilidades teóricas de uma aproximação conceitual entre o pensamento de Foucault, as obras de arte – que, nessa abordagem, alinham-se ao que denominaremos de arquivos artísticos – e algumas práticas discursivas. A pesquisa é eminentemente teórica, com revisão de literatura e seus operadores conceituais foram Michel Foucault, Giorgio Agamben, Nicolas Bourriaud. A reflexão discute aproximações e distinções sobre alguns artefatos africanos, arquivos de arte não europeia que foram arrancados de seus sítios-origem e transpostos para contextos distintos. A tentativa de englobar e trazer para as sintaxes visuais europeias os autos culturais estrangeiros evidenciaram as abordagens formalistas e exóticas convencionadas a partir da apropriação e do intercâmbio dos viveres e saberes africanos. Distintos artefatos africanos quando descontextualizados de sua função simbólica contribuem para um litígio conceitual presente nas discursividades e nos dispositivos de arte discutidos nessa investigação.

Este trabalho analisou os fundamentos teóricos e as políticas que dirigem o acesso à educação superior multicultural e linguística dos povos indígenas do Equador e Brasil; procurou-se conhecer a efetividade dos sistemas educativos, e como as instituições estão aplicando os processos de inclusão. A pesquisa tem uma abordagem qualitativa, com fase caracterizada pela pesquisa bibliográfica-documental. Apresenta-se um marco teórico sobre o contexto na educação multicultural; após uma análise comparativa se buscou conhecer as características da gestão e das bases políticas da educação superior. Os dados foram coletados por meio de instrumentos e técnicas, como: registro bibliográfico-documental e matrizes de análises de critérios; a informação foi obtida de fontes como artigos acadêmicos, documentos oficiais, páginas (webs) institucionais, dentre outras fontes. Observou-se que no Brasil a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional-LDB se tornou referência curricular nacional para a educação escolar bilíngue e intercultural; e igualmente no Equador existe a Lei Orgânica da Educação Intercultural (LOEI), onde se criam espaços para o diálogo entre o ensino e saberes tradicionais. Ambos os países têm como estratégia de inclusão programas e políticas para a concessão de bolsas de estudo e/ou reserva de cotas para indígenas ou afrodescendentes.

A dança em cadeira de rodas (DCR) é uma modalidade praticada principalmente por pessoas com deficiência física. No Brasil, é uma modalidade emergente que carece de investigação e sistematização. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi, por meio de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, identificar, analisar e sistematizar os estudos existentes sobre os efeitos da DCR na saúde e qualidade de vida de pessoas com deficiência física. As pesquisas foram conduzidas em bases de dados especializadas, Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes) e em bibliotecas digitais de teses e dissertações de inúmeras instituições de ensino superior. Estudos elegíveis incluíram apenas pessoas com deficiência física, assim como tratavam dos efeitos da DCR na saúde e qualidade de vida. Um total de oito estudos foram incluídos na síntese qualitativa. A maior parte dos estudos apresentou uma abordagem qualitativa e delineamento transversal. É possível concluir que a DCR pode trazer inúmeros benefícios para a saúde física, para o funcionamento psicossocial e para a qualidade de vida de pessoas com deficiência física.

Several studies are conducted to explain the magnetic properties of the Gd-W films and alloys, which are usually prepared by using the vapor condensation techniques. The films are shown to exhibit a crystalline structure and an amorphous structure at low and high and intermediate Gd concentrations respectively.