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Water use efficiency (WUE) is an worth attempting trait to discover the genomic regions governing it, especially in view of the diminishing water resources for the crop plants in general and rice in particular. In order to address this, the present investigation was aimed at identification of genomic regions governing WUE employing a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between INRC10192, a high WUE landrace, and IR64, a high yielding cultivar. A total of 36 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were detected under control as well as drought conditions on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 8, 9, 10, and 11. Among all, the QTLs with the marker intervals RM486-RM6703, RM6703-RM11484, RM404-RM447, RM24879-RM171, and RM229-RM332 on chromosomes 1, 8, 10, and 11 were found to govern the water use efficiency related traits such as carbon isotope discrimination, specific leaf area, leaf width, and relative water content. Nine major QTL intervals were targeted for candidate gene identification using gene ontology (GO) and transcriptome-based analyses. Overrepresented GO terms in the targeted QTLs were found to be associated with the genes/pathways controlling stomatal regulatory mechanism, stress responsive genes or transcription factors, and saccharide biosynthesis pathways under stress situation. Hence, these genes or genomic regions are potential candidates for development of high WUE rice cultivars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total of 119 F6:7 RILs of a cross between BPT 2231 (non-seed dormant parent) and MTU 1001 (seed dormant parent) were analyzed to identify the markers associated with seed dormancy. Parental polymorphism survey with 188 SSR markers revealed 10 polymorphic markers between the parents. The bulk segregant analysis results with 10 polymorphic markers revealed that four markers showed polymorphism between the bulks. The association of putative markers viz., RM346, RM22565, RM7051 and RM10793 identified based on DNA pooling from selected segregants was analyzed by Single Marker Anaysis (SMA). The results of SMA revealed that RM22565 on chromosome 8 showed significant association with germination per cent at five days after harvesting indicating that the chromosomal region linked to the marker RM 22565 on chromosome 8 may be associated with seed dormancy. Out of the four polymorphic markers used in the present study, RM346 was notified as a seed dormancy linked marker from previous studies. The other three markers viz., RM22565, RM7051 and RM10793 identified as seed dormancy linked markers in the present study, needs further validation on alternative set of population or a set of germplasm lines for their further utilization in the marker assisted breeding programme. Based on germination percentage, physiological parameters and genotyping studies, the RILs viz., SD 3, SD 12, SD 15 and SD 68 were identified as donors for the future breeding programme for the development of seed dormant varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, 30 blackgram genotypes were evaluated for physiological, reproductive, biochemical and yield traits at flowering stage during summer, 2022 and 23. ANOVA showed highly significant genetic variability among the 30 blackgram genotypes for 20 heat tolerance traits studied indicating that significant amount of genetic variability among the genotypes. Higher PCV, GCV and heritability was recorded for seed yield per plant and number of pods per plant during both the years. Moreover, the results of cluster analysis for these heat tolerance traits revealed that the genotypes TBG-129, LBG-1015, PU-1804, TBG-104 and PU-31 were identified as promising genotypes under high temperature stress conditions during both the years. Principal component analysis showed that first three components showed 82.62 % of total variation during summer, 2022, whereas 77.06 % of the total variance was covered by the first two principal components during summer, 2023. The identification of genotypes displaying heat tolerance can be useful in future breeding programmes for the development of heat stress tolerant genotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hygienic sanitation facilities are crucial for public health. Investment on sanitation brings the single greatest return for any development intervention. Poor sanitation, open defecation and lack of awareness about hygiene have detrimental effect on the health of women and children living in slums. Objective: The objective of this study was to perceive/assess the barriers to access of hygienic sanitary facilities for adolescent girls in an urban slum. Methodology: This study included 98 adolescent females (10-19years) living in urban slums Ward no 19 Raipur. Simple random sampling by 'note method' was used to select one administrative division of this area. Result: Mean age of adolescent girls in the present study was 15.44 ±2.2years (Range: 12 to 19 years) and a majority of them were in High School 60 (60.2%). About half (42%) of the study subjects were living in Semi pucca house and only 38% had access to an independent toilet facility, 9% were practicing open defecation and remaining (51%) were using public toilets. Conclusion: The availability of sanitation facility and latrine utilization rate of the households were satisfactory. Privacy is a concern in public toilet, uses of sanitary pad was also less and changing of absorbent material in toilets was also a matter of concern for the girls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two hundred germplasm lines of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) were evaluated for genetic variability and divergence for seed cotton yield attributing traits and fibre quality traits at Regional Agricultural Research Station, ANGRAU, Lam, Guntur. The analysis of variance indicated significant genetic variability among the germplasm lines. The close symmetry between the phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variances and lower values of environmental coefficient variance for all the studied attributes indicated that the traits were genetically controlled and under less influence of the environment. Higher broad sense heritability and genetic advance for all seed cotton yield attributing traits indicated that these attributes were governed by additive genes and early phenotypic selection for their improvement might be effective. Five principal components (PCs) were depicted as having Eigen value >1 and cumulative variability of 66.17%, out of which PC1 accounted for 26.81% and PC2 for 14.08% of variability. The attributes of significance depicted in PC1 were seed index, lint index, upper half mean length, uniformity index, and staple length. Bi-plot revealed that Lam GPC232, Lam GPC223, Lam GPC225, Lam GPC135, Lam GPC62, Lam GPC85, Lam GPC168, and Lam GPC203 were the most divergent germplasm. These genetically diverse genotypes with the absolute and significant association of attributes could be utilized in a future cotton breeding program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]