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International audience; Meindl (1993) highlighted the importance of "balancing" the leadership equation by placing equivalent weight on followers' perspectives. Building upon his legacy, we review research on "follower-centric perspectives" to deepen our understanding of the charismatic leadership relationship. We define charisma as a relational phenomenon, which develops first in the eyes of followers and subsequently spreads through inter-follower dynamics. Adopting Doise's multilevel framework (i.e. intrapersonal, relational/situational, intergroup, and ideological) highlights different plausible views of leader-follower interactions and helps to clarify when and how charisma is more likely to emerge in the eyes of followers. We conclude with recommendations for future research.

The way and context-specific scope of how money and banks are mirrored in citizens’ minds is an expanding area of research in relation to economic psychology. Through the analysis of data collected from salaried employees, self-employed professionals, and small/medium enterprise [SME] owners, lay people’s social representations for money, saving and banks in Turkey are comparatively investigated and analysed over time. Grounded in a previous study by authors (undisclosed), with respective samples from the years of 1999, 2001, 2007, 2015, a new fifth dataset for 2017 is introduced here. Changing priorities, understanding and cognitive constructs related to money, banks and savings were particularly analysed to be substantially interconnected with the evolving socioeconomic dynamics and conditions of the crisis periods. Negative evocations and lack of trust became prominent as to the findings such that banks are seen as contemporary pawnshops; money is mirrored as a symbol of power, prestige and reputation, and cannot be achieved through hard work.

International audience

Introduction Studies have shown the importance of psychosocial risks for physical and mental health particularly in the medical sector and among hospital workers. Objective The main goal of our study is to measure the magnitude of the six dimensions of the psychosocial work environment in a French hospital. The second goal is to highlight from the six dimensions, which are the most important ones for the hospital workers in order to propose specific actions of improvement of the well-being at work and prevention of social risks. Method Our sample is composed of 1139 hospital workers. (1) A 24-item scale was created, based on the six dimensions identified by the DARES study. This scale allows measuring the degree of psychosocial risk and of well-being at work. (2) Social representations are measured by a free association task based on the target expression: well-being at work in the hospital . (3) Participants also answered an open-ended question, on how to improve well-being at work in the hospital; answers were analyzed by a hierarchical classification. Results Four of the six dimensions extracted from the factorial analysis are equal to those identified by the DARES’ report: Work demand, Emotional demands, Relationships at work and Job insecurity. Quantitative analyses show that, for hospital workers, the level of risk is the highest on the first two. The social representation of well-being at work in the hospital , and the discourse analysis indicate that the dimension which is the most important for the hospital workers is Relationships at work. Conclusion In this study, the use of both quantitative and qualitative assessments allows having some elements to analyze the quality of working conditions in the hospital. Moreover, reducing the level of psychosocial risk has a positive effect on workers’ satisfaction, well-being and health.

Resume Le lien entre pratiques et representations sociales est desormais bien connu. Or, si de nombreux travaux se sont interesses a la representation sociale de la maladie mentale, et ce au sein de diverses populations, tres peu d’etudes portent sur la representation sociale de la maladie au sens large, et aucune ne compare les representations sociales qu’en ont les professionnels de la sante (PS) et les non professionnels de la sante (NPS). C’est sur ce point que se centre notre recherche. Le groupe des PS est compose de trois sous-groupes : « medecins », « infirmiers » et « pharmaciens » et celui des NPS de deux sous-groupes : les personnes soumises a un « traitement medical de longue duree » et les personnes « sans traitement ». Deux cent soixante-dix participants (135 PS et 135 NPS) ont repondu a une question d’evocation dont les donnees, selon la theorie dite du « noyau central », ont fait l’objet d’une analyse prototypique et categorielle Les resultats montrent qu’il existe une representation sociale de la maladie partagee par les deux groupes, renvoyant essentiellement a la souffrance et a la douleur, mais des registres specifiques sont aussi mis a jour au niveau peripherique pour chaque groupe. Les PS ont recours a des termes descriptifs renvoyant a la nature et aux caracteristiques de la maladie ; chaque profession evoque la maladie en fonction de son role propre. Alors que les medecins se centrent sur le diagnostic et les consequences de la maladie, les pharmaciens privilegient le traitement de la maladie et sa prise en charge, et les infirmiers se centrent sur le traitement et sur le suivi relationnel des patients. Les NPS se referent quant a eux a des termes focalises sur le vecu personnel face a la maladie, sachant que les personnes qui suivent un traitement medical privilegient un registre lie a l’affect et aux consequences de la maladie sur leur quotidien pendant que les personnes sans traitement ont recours a des termes plus descriptifs et formels. Conformement a nos hypotheses, les representations des PS renvoient a des « representations professionnelles », tandis que celles des NPS sont reliees a des « pratiques » de la maladie. Ces resultats invitent les PS a elargir les registres des echanges lies a la maladie de maniere a favoriser une communication centree sur une prise en charge du patient considere dans sa globalite avant d’etre un malade reel ou potentiel, et cela constitue un pas decisif dans l’amelioration de la sante du patient.

International audience

International audience; After distinguishing between acts of terrorism and terrorist risk from a social psychological perspective, this paper focuses on the lay thinking about terrorism. We suggest an analysis carried out at the ideological/positional level of explanation, as opposed to the intra/interindividual level. This analysis is based on the Theory of Social Representations and its specific methodologies. It is supported by an empirical study completed on the airports of Marseilles-Provence (France) and Boston-Logan (United States). The study compared the lay thinking about terrorism among participants who had different levels of anti-terrorism practice (French safety officers vs. French passengers) and of personal involvement (US vs. French passengers). The social representation of safety officers had a more practical orientation. In contrast, for passengers, the lay thinking about terrorism was normative in nature and displayed a salient affective component. Moreover, in the group of US passengers, who reported higher scores of personal involvement, the element 'Muslims' appeared as central for defining terrorism. These empirical results illustrated a theoretical proposal according to which, in conflict, threat, or crisis situations, and in the absence of practice, high personal involvement may favour the expression of lay thinking through a more narrow, radical, collective and mobilising form, the nexus, rather than through social representations.

Pour mieux éclairer les problématiques liées aux comportements dans le management des hommes et des équipes, cet ouvrage puise dans les apports essentiels des sciences humaines et sociales (psychologie, psychologie sociale, anthropologie, sociologie...), mais aussi de l'économie et de la théorie des organisations. Il se focalise sur les thèmes incontournables de l'action managériale – la communication, la motivation, la coopération et le conflit, le pouvoir et le leadership, l'autonomie et la délégation, le changement et les résistances au changement – et les interroge sous les trois angles complémentaires de l'individu, du groupe et de l'organisation. Revue et actualisée, cette nouvelle édition met l'accent sur : • les questions d'éthique (les différents niveaux, efficacité et éthique, éthique du travail, responsabilité des dirigeants) • les questions de diversité (culturelle, générationnelle, de genre) • les applications au secteur associatif (motivation et bénévolat, mécénat de compétences) Elle introduit en outre de nombreux nouveaux exemples, tels que l'autorité et la négociation chez nos ministres, la cyberdémocratie, les conflits sociaux, les sociétés coopératives. Particulièrement pédagogique, l'ouvrage prend soin pour chaque chapitre de définir clairement tous les concepts clés, de proposer des exemples, des synthèses, des lectures complémentaires et des exercices ou cas d'application.

National audience

The way and context-specific scope of how money and banks are mirrored in citizens’ minds is an expanding area of research in relation to economic psychology. Through the analysis of data collected from salaried employees, self-employed professionals, and small/medium enterprise [SME] owners, lay people’s social representations for money, saving and banks in Turkey are comparatively investigated and analysed over time. Grounded in a previous study by authors (undisclosed), with respective samples from the years of 1999, 2001, 2007, 2015, a new fifth dataset for 2017 is introduced here. Changing priorities, understanding and cognitive constructs related to money, banks and savings were particularly analysed to be substantially interconnected with the evolving socioeconomic dynamics and conditions of the crisis periods. Negative evocations and lack of trust became prominent as to the findings such that banks are seen as contemporary pawnshops; money is mirrored as a symbol of power, prestige and reputation, and cannot be achieved through hard work.