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This paper presents the sizing and the comparison of two synchronous machines. The purpose is to design a high temperature dedicated machine with the same performance and volume as a permanent magnet machine. To compare the machines, torque has been chosen as a reference indicator and not the efficiency which will be not so good for the high temperature machine. A salient pole wound rotor is chosen with anodized aluminum tape as windings. Works presented should be considered as preliminary studies leading to the conception of a prototype.

DC link filter capacitors used in electric drives for automotive applications are most of the time aluminum electrolytic capacitors. However their high sensitivity to temperature results in very we...

Introduction Sur les 580 lits (dont 435 pediatriques) de notre etablissement, 58 % des lits beneficient de la dispensation journaliere individuelle et nominative (DJIN). Cependant, le conditionnement de certaines specialites n’etant pas adapte a la delivrance a l’unite, le reconditionnement devient une etape indispensable a la mise en œuvre adequate d’une DJIN. Sur les 3 methodes de reconditionnement utilisees par notre etablissement, notre objectif est de definir la methode de reconditionnement de reference. Materiels et methode Une analyse de la conformite de l’etiquetage des specialites sous forme seche (gelules, comprimes, capsules) referencees sur notre hopital a permis de definir celles necessitant un reconditionnement. Les 3 techniques comparees sont le systeme semi-manuel de mise sous blister Medi-dose ® , le systeme semi-automatique de mise sous blister par la conditionneuse MPI Autoprint Euraf ® et le sur-etiquetage de blister par plaquettes autocollantes Eticonform ® . Le temps moyen preparateur lors du reconditionnement a ete mesure pour chaque technique ainsi que la depense moyenne en consommables et en temps preparateur donnant un cout total unitaire. L’evaluation des couts de chaque methode ne prenait pas en compte les depenses liees a l’achat des machines et licences informatiques. Resultats et discussion Depuis mai 2015, sur 529 references, 255 sont reconditionnees (16 par Medi-dose ® , 86 par Euraf ® et 153 par Eticonform ® ). Respectivement pour les 3 techniques (Medi-dose ® , Euraf ® et Ethiconform ® ) : 600, 600 et 1230 unites de traitements ont ete etudiees. Le temps moyen de preparation par unite (en secondes) est de 8,2 ; 5,4 et 2,9. Un cout en consommables par unite (en euros) est de 0,14 ; 0,11 et 0,007 ; un cout en temps preparateur par unite est de 0,11 ; 0,07 ; 0,019, soit un cout total unitaire (en euros) de 0,25 ; 0,18 et 0,027. La technique la plus rapide et la moins couteuse est le sur-etiquetage. Les avantages sont aussi la conservation de la date de peremption initiale et la conservation du conditionnement primaire. Le sur-etiquetage est egalement plus securitaire en permettant de s’affranchir de la deblisterisation. Neanmoins, certaines references ne sont pas enregistrees dans la base de donnees Eticonform ® et d’autres sont inutilisables du fait d’une police trop petite ou d’une disposition du blister rendant sa secabilite difficile. Cette technique est applicable a une majorite de specialites mais ne permet pas de s’affranchir des autres methodes, Euraf ® pour des conditionnements particuliers (eg. presentation multidoses) et Medi-dose ® pour les specialites cytotoxiques. Conclusion Notre etablissement privilegie le reconditionnement par sur-etiquetage par rapport aux autres methodes. Le reconditionnement unitaire reste, cependant, une etape qui pourrait etre evitee par une selection de specialites adaptees a la dispensation unitaire lors des appels d’offres.

The aim of this paper is to present the design process and the use of an ageing test bench for electrolytic capacitors dedicated to automotive applications. For this purpose, a small electric vehicle (Renault Twizy) powertrain has been taken as an example in order to choose adapted capacitors, to evaluate their stress in a “real world” application and to determine the best solution for an accelerated ageing study. Thus, specific static converters used in a controlled oven have been designed. On the basis of these tests (and capacitors' impedance analysis), an accurate model of these components has been developed and the ageing process is to be continued after more 7000 hours already done.

Electrolytic aluminum capacitors used in electric drive for automotive are deemed to be the weakest components of static power converters. A lot of studies have been made to estimate their aging but only for a nominal point. This paper presents a specific operation cycle implementation to study the impact of a variable and more realistic thermal cycling. Moreover, an improvement of the classical electrical model for an electrolytic capacitor is proposed by adding a diffusion-relative element called “anomalous diffusion”. Experimental results show the interest of this element for an impedance-fitting. Finally, thermal measurements validate thermal cycling simulations.

International audience; Research in stereoscopic 3D coding, transmission and subjective assessment methodology depends largely on the availability of source content that can be used in cross-lab evaluations. While several studies have already been presented using proprietary content, comparisons between the studies are difficult since discrepant contents are used. Therefore in this paper, a freely available dataset of high quality Full-HD stereoscopic sequences shot with a semiprofessional 3D camera is introduced in detail. The content was designed to be suited for usage in a wide variety of applications, including high quality studies. A set of depth maps was calculated from the stereoscopic pair. As an application example, a subjective assessment has been performed using coding and spatial degradations. The Absolute Category Rating with Hidden Reference method was used. The observers were instructed to vote on video quality only. Results of this experiment are also freely available and will be presented in this paper as a first step towards objective video quality measurement for 3DTV.

International audience; Crosstalk is one of the main display-related perceptual factors degrading image quality and causing visual discomfort on 3D-displays. It causes visual artifacts such as ghosting effects, blurring, and lack of color fidelity which are considerably annoying and can lead to difficulties to fuse stereoscopic images. On stereoscopic LCD with shutter-glasses, crosstalk is mainly due to dynamic temporal aspects: imprecise target luminance (highly dependent on the combination of left-view and right-view pixel color values in disparity regions) and synchronization issues between shutter-glasses and LCD. These different factors influence largely the reproducibility of crosstalk measurements across laboratories and need to be evaluated in several different locations involving similar and differing conditions. In this paper we propose a fast and reproducible measurement procedure for crosstalk based on high-frequency temporal measurements of both display and shutter responses. It permits to fully characterize crosstalk for any right/left color combination and at any spatial position on the screen. Such a reliable objective crosstalk measurement method at several spatial positions is considered a mandatory prerequisite for evaluating the perceptual influence of crosstalk in further subjective studies.

Inspired by the rapidly increasing popularity of 3D movies, there is an industrial push for 3DTV services to the home. One important factor for the success and acceptance by the viewers is a positive quality of experience (QoE) of the new service when delivered. The questions of how to efficiently deliver 3DTV service to the home, and how to evaluate the visual quality perceived by end users are a recent research focus. We have investigated users' experience of stereoscopic 3D video quality by preparing two subjective assessment datasets. The first dataset aimed at the evaluation of efficient transmission in the transmission error free case, while the second focused on error concealment. A total of three subjective assessments, two for first dataset and one for the second, were performed using the Absolute Category Rating with Hidden unimpaired Reference video (ACR-HR) method. The experimental setup allows to show that the ACR-HR subjective method provides repeatable results across labs and across conditions for video quality. It was also verified that MVC is more efficient than H.264 simulcast coding. Furthermore it was discovered that based on the same level of quality of experience spatial down-sampling may lead to better bitrate efficiency while temporal down-sampling is not acceptable. When network impairments occur, traditional error 2D concealment methods need to be reinvestigated as they were outperformed by displaying the same view for both eyes (switching to 2D presentation). © 2012 IEEE. CODEN: IETBA

International audience; In this paper, a subjective study is presented which aims to measure the minimum perceivable depth difference on an autostereoscopic display in order to provide an indication for visual fatigue. The developed experimental setup was used to compare the subject's performance before and after 3D excitation on an autostereoscopic display. By comparing the results to a verification session with 2D excitation, the effect of 3D visual fatigue can be isolated. It was seen that it is possible to reach the threshold of acuity for stereo disparity on that autostereoscopic display. It was also found that the measured depth acuity is slightly higher after 3D viewing than after 2D viewing.

International audience; Broadcasting of high definition (HD) stereobased 3D (S3D) TV are planned, or has already begun, in Europe, the US, and Japan. Specific data processing operations such as compression and temporal and spatial resampling are commonly used tools for saving network bandwidth when IPTV is the distribution form, as this results in more efficient recording and transmission of 3DTV signals, however at the same time it inevitably brings quality degradations to the processed video. This paper investigated observers quality judgments of state of the art video coding schemes (simulcast H.264/AVC or H.264/MVC), with or without added temporal and spatial resolution reduction of S3D videos, by subjective experiments using the Absolute Category Rating method (ACR) method. The results showed that a certain spatial resolution reduction working together with high quality video compressing was the most bandwidth efficient way of processing video data when the required video quality is to be judged as "good" quality. As the subjective experiment was performed in two different laboratories in two different countries in parallel, a detailed analysis of the interlab differences was performed.

International audience; The transmission of 3DTV sequences over packet based networks may result in degradations of the video quality due to packet loss. In the conventional 2D case, several different strategies are known for extrapolating the missing information and thus concealing the error. In 3D however, the residual error after concealment of one view might leads to binocular rivalry with the correctly received second view. In this paper, three simple alternatives are presented: frame freezing, a reduced playback speed, and displaying only a single view for both eyes, thus effectively switching to 2D presentation. In a subjective experiment the performance in terms of quality of experience of the three methods is evaluated for different packet loss scenarios. Error-free encoded videos at different bit rates have been included as anchor conditions. The subjective experiment method contains special precautions for measuring the Quality of Experience (QoE) for 3D content and also contains an indicator for visual discomfort. The results indicate that switching to 2D is currently the best choice but difficulties with visual discomfort should be expected even for this method.

International audience; Autostereoscopic displays simplify the presentation of 3D content because they do not require any glasses and they allow the perception of motion parallax. While the perception of depth is certainly an added value, the technical rendering process of the current display technology also introduces artifacts. For the viewer, the tradeoff may be expressed in terms of quality of experience. However, quality of experience assessment related to 3D is still an open issue. Towards this goal, several original subjective test methods are proposed and compared that are meant for assessing the quality of experience. A split-screen setup simultaneously displays a 2D and a 3D presentation. The observers vote according to their preference in terms of quality of experience. In four experiments, the influence of the depth rendering process is evaluated. The results indicate that the degradation by the depth rendering process may easily dominate the added value of depth in a content specific manner.

International audience; Several metrics have been proposed in literature to assess the perceptual quality of two-dimensional images. However, no similar effort has been devoted to quality assessment of stereoscopic images. Therefore, in this paper, we review the different issues related to 3D visualization, and we propose a quality metric for the assessment of stereopairs using the fusion of 2D quality metrics and of the depth information. The proposed metric is evaluated using the SAMVIQ methodology for subjective assessment. Specifically, distortions deriving from coding are taken into account and the quality degradation of the stereopair is estimated by means of subjective tests.