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Introduction. The article examines disorders of the digestive function, diet regimes, appetite in conditions of prolonged self-isolation and quarantine during a coronavirus pandemic. The article analyzes the clinical efficacy and safety of the use of specialized dietary therapeutic and dietary preventive food products in conditions of self-isolation and quarantine.Methods. A survey was conducted of 620 individuals of various ages who were in self-isolation and quarantine from 1 to 1.5 months. All participants were questioned, examined by a gastroenterologist and therapist, biochemical and clinical blood tests, endoscopic examination of the stomach and duodenum, ultrasound of the abdominal organs.Results. A survey of 620 individuals showed that self-isolation / quarantine can lead to changes in diets, dietary patterns, changes in eating habits, the development of a number of symptoms from the gastrointestinal tract and other organs, changes in body weight, and chronicity. a number of previously existing diseases. The use of dietary food leads to an improvement in the antitoxic function of the liver, anti-inflammatory effects, and an improvement in the symptoms of gastrointestinal diseases.Discussion. Clinical and laboratory data make it possible to state the need for the use of specialized dietary products of domestic production in the diet prophylactically in people from risk groups, as well as in patients with various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract both during illness and for the purpose of rehabilitation.Conclusion. Data on the efficacy and safety of dietary food products give reason to recommend them for inclusion in the diets of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, both during illness, in order to prevent complications and improve the effectiveness of treatment and subsequent rehabilitation of patients, as well as for the rehabilitation of individuals, who were in self-isolation and quarantine for a long time.

Allergen‐specific immunotherapy (AIT) is an allergen‐specific form of treatment for patients suffering from immunoglobulin E (IgE)‐associated allergy; the most common and important immunologically mediated hypersensitivity disease. AIT is based on the administration of the disease‐causing allergen with the goal to induce a protective immunity consisting of allergen‐specific blocking IgG antibodies and alterations of the cellular immune response so that the patient can tolerate allergen contact. Major advantages of AIT over all other existing treatments for allergy are that AIT induces a long‐lasting protection and prevents the progression of disease to severe manifestations. AIT is cost effective because it uses the patient´s own immune system for protection and potentially can be used as a preventive treatment. However, broad application of AIT is limited by mainly technical issues such as the quality of allergen preparations and the risk of inducing side effects which results in extremely cumbersome treatment schedules reducing patient´s compliance. In this article we review progress in AIT made from its beginning and provide an overview of the state of the art, the needs for further development, and possible technical solutions available through molecular allergology. Finally, we consider visions for AIT development towards prophylactic application.

Presently, sports and energy drinks are widely spread not only among athletes, but also among ordinary people of different ages. The purpose of these beverages is to effectively compensate for the loss of water, energy and electrolytes in the human body before or after some exhausting activities. A questionnaire survey on energy drinks conducted in all eight federal districts of the Russian Federation shows that the younger groups of the Russian population (aged 12–17 and 18–30) drink tonic beverages more often than the older groups (aged 31–45 and 45–60). Further, a recent rise in unreasonable consumption of sports and energy drinks among teenagers may lead to various diseases: obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease and tooth enamel erosion. Finally, the authors analyse the composition of energy beverages and thoroughly describe each of their main components (L-carnitine, creatine, caffeine, taurine, and juice-containing products). These components are used by athletes due to their effects: L-carnitine helps reduce the signs of physical and mental overstrain, and stimulates working capacity; creatine improves endurance and anaerobic activity; caffeine raises aerobic endurance by increasing the oxidation of fats, thereby helping preserve glycogen in the muscles; taurine plays an important role as an antioxidant protector in the regulation of Ca++ transport, and as a regulator of osmotic pressure in the tissues.