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1. Smoking and the risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Rohrmann, S. Linseisen, J. Allen, N. Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B. Johnsen, N. F. Tjonneland, A. Overvad, K. Kaaks, R. and Teucher, B. Boeing, H. Pischon, T. Lagiou, P. and Trichopoulou, A. Trichopoulos, D. Palli, D. Krogh, Vittorio and Tunnino, R. Ricceri, F. Argueelles Suarez, M. V. Agudo, A. Sanchez, M-J Chirlaque, M-D Barricarte, A. Larranaga, N. Boshuizen, H. van Kranen, H. J. Stettin, P. and Johansson, M. Bjartell, A. Ulmert, D. Khaw, K-T Wareham, N. J. Ferrari, Pietro Romieux, I. Gunter, M. J. R. and Riboli, Elio Key, T. J.

Abstract

Background: Smoking is not associated with prostate cancer incidence in most studies, but associations between smoking and fatal prostate cancer have been reported. Methods: During 1992 and 2000, lifestyle information was assessed via questionnaires and personal interview in a cohort of 145112 European men. Until 2009, 4623 incident cases of prostate cancer were identified, including 1517 cases of low-grade, 396 cases of high grade, 1516 cases of localised, 808 cases of advanced disease, and 432 fatal cases. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association of smoking status, smoking intensity, and smoking duration with the risk of incident and fatal prostate cancer. Results: Compared with never smokers, current smokers had a reduced risk of prostate cancer (RR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.83-0.97), which was statistically significant for localised and low-grade disease, but not for advanced or high-grade disease. In contrast, heavy smokers (25+ cigarettes per day) and men who had smoked for a long time (40+ years) had a higher risk of prostate cancer death (RR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.11-2.93; RR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.01-1.87, respectively). Conclusion: The observation of an increased prostate cancer mortality among heavy smokers confirms the results of previous prospective studies.

Published
2013

2. Smoking and the risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Rohrmann, S., Linseisen, J., Allen, N., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., Johnsen, N. F., Tjonneland, A., Overvad, K., Kaaks, R., Teucher, B., Boeing, H., Pischon, T., Lagiou, P., Trichopoulou, A., Trichopoulos, D., Palli, D., Krogh, Vittorio, Tunnino, R., Ricceri, F., Argueelles Suarez, M. V., Agudo, A., Sanchez, M-J, Chirlaque, M-D, Barricarte, A., Larranaga, N., Boshuizen, H., van Kranen, H. J., Stattin, Pär, Johansson, M., Bjartell, A., Ulmert, D., Khaw, K-T, Wareham, N. J., Ferrari, Pietro, Romieux, I., Gunter, M. J. R., Riboli, Elio, Key, T. J., Rohrmann, S., Linseisen, J., Allen, N., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., Johnsen, N. F., Tjonneland, A., Overvad, K., Kaaks, R., Teucher, B., Boeing, H., Pischon, T., Lagiou, P., Trichopoulou, A., Trichopoulos, D., Palli, D., Krogh, Vittorio, Tunnino, R., Ricceri, F., Argueelles Suarez, M. V., Agudo, A., Sanchez, M-J, Chirlaque, M-D, Barricarte, A., Larranaga, N., Boshuizen, H., van Kranen, H. J., Stattin, Pär, Johansson, M., Bjartell, A., Ulmert, D., Khaw, K-T, Wareham, N. J., Ferrari, Pietro, Romieux, I., Gunter, M. J. R., Riboli, Elio, and Key, T. J.

Abstract

Background: Smoking is not associated with prostate cancer incidence in most studies, but associations between smoking and fatal prostate cancer have been reported. Methods: During 1992 and 2000, lifestyle information was assessed via questionnaires and personal interview in a cohort of 145112 European men. Until 2009, 4623 incident cases of prostate cancer were identified, including 1517 cases of low-grade, 396 cases of high grade, 1516 cases of localised, 808 cases of advanced disease, and 432 fatal cases. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association of smoking status, smoking intensity, and smoking duration with the risk of incident and fatal prostate cancer. Results: Compared with never smokers, current smokers had a reduced risk of prostate cancer (RR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.83-0.97), which was statistically significant for localised and low-grade disease, but not for advanced or high-grade disease. In contrast, heavy smokers (25+ cigarettes per day) and men who had smoked for a long time (40+ years) had a higher risk of prostate cancer death (RR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.11-2.93; RR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.01-1.87, respectively). Conclusion: The observation of an increased prostate cancer mortality among heavy smokers confirms the results of previous prospective studies.

Published
2013
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3. Smoking and the risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Rohrmann, S, Linseisen, J, Allen, N, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B, Johnsen, N F, Tjønneland, A, Overvad, K, Kaaks, R, Teucher, B, Boeing, H, Pischon, T, Lagiou, P, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Palli, D, Krogh, V, Tumino, R, Ricceri, F, Argüelles Suárez, M V, Agudo, A, Sánchez, M J, Chirlaque, M D, Barricarte, A, Larrañaga, N, Boshuizen, H, van Kranen, H J, Stattin, P, Johansson, M, Bjartell, A, Ulmert, D, Khaw, K T, Wareham, N J, Ferrari, P, Romieux, I, Gunter, M J R, Riboli, E, Key, T J, Rohrmann, S, Linseisen, J, Allen, N, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B, Johnsen, N F, Tjønneland, A, Overvad, K, Kaaks, R, Teucher, B, Boeing, H, Pischon, T, Lagiou, P, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Palli, D, Krogh, V, Tumino, R, Ricceri, F, Argüelles Suárez, M V, Agudo, A, Sánchez, M J, Chirlaque, M D, Barricarte, A, Larrañaga, N, Boshuizen, H, van Kranen, H J, Stattin, P, Johansson, M, Bjartell, A, Ulmert, D, Khaw, K T, Wareham, N J, Ferrari, P, Romieux, I, Gunter, M J R, Riboli, E, and Key, T J

Abstract

Background:Smoking is not associated with prostate cancer incidence in most studies, but associations between smoking and fatal prostate cancer have been reported.Methods:During 1992 and 2000, lifestyle information was assessed via questionnaires and personal interview in a cohort of 145 112 European men. Until 2009, 4623 incident cases of prostate cancer were identified, including 1517 cases of low-grade, 396 cases of high grade, 1516 cases of localised, 808 cases of advanced disease, and 432 fatal cases. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association of smoking status, smoking intensity, and smoking duration with the risk of incident and fatal prostate cancer.Results:Compared with never smokers, current smokers had a reduced risk of prostate cancer (RR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.83-0.97), which was statistically significant for localised and low-grade disease, but not for advanced or high-grade disease. In contrast, heavy smokers (25+ cigarettes per day) and men who had smoked for a long time (40+ years) had a higher risk of prostate cancer death (RR=1.81, 95% CI: 1.11-2.93; RR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.01-1.87, respectively).Conclusion:The observation of an increased prostate cancer mortality among heavy smokers confirms the results of previous prospective studies.British Journal of Cancer advance online publication, 20 November 2012; doi:10.1038/bjc.2012.520www.bjcancer.com.

Published
2013

4. Smoking and the risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Rohrmann, S, primary, Linseisen, J, additional, Allen, N, additional, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B, additional, Johnsen, N F, additional, Tjønneland, A, additional, Overvad, K, additional, Kaaks, R, additional, Teucher, B, additional, Boeing, H, additional, Pischon, T, additional, Lagiou, P, additional, Trichopoulou, A, additional, Trichopoulos, D, additional, Palli, D, additional, Krogh, Vittorio, additional, Tumino, R, additional, Ricceri, F, additional, Argüelles Suárez, M V, additional, Agudo, A, additional, Sánchez, M-J, additional, Chirlaque, M-D, additional, Barricarte, A, additional, Larrañaga, N, additional, Boshuizen, H, additional, van Kranen, H J, additional, Stattin, P, additional, Johansson, M, additional, Bjartell, A, additional, Ulmert, D, additional, Khaw, K-T, additional, Wareham, N J, additional, Ferrari, Pietro, additional, Romieux, I, additional, Gunter, M J R, additional, Riboli, Elio, additional, and Key, T J, additional

Published
2012
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5. Smoking and the risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Rohrmann, S, Linseisen, J, Allen, N, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B, Johnsen, N F, Tjønneland, A, Overvad, K, Kaaks, R, Teucher, B, Boeing, H, Pischon, T, Lagiou, P, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Palli, D, Krogh, V, Tumino, R, Ricceri, F, Argüelles Suárez, M V, Agudo, A, Sánchez, M J, Chirlaque, M D, Barricarte, A, Larrañaga, N, Boshuizen, H, van Kranen, H J, Stattin, P, Johansson, M, Bjartell, A, Ulmert, D, Khaw, K T, Wareham, N J, Ferrari, P, Romieux, I, Gunter, M J R, Riboli, E, and Key, T J

Subjects
3. Good health

6. Meat consumption and mortality--results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Pietro Ferrari, Dagrun Engeset, Timothy J. Key, Kuanrong Li, Anne Tjønneland, Kim Overvad, José María Huerta, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Christine L. Parr, Guri Skeie, Pilar Amiano, Kay-Tee Khaw, Teresa Norat, Göran Hallmans, Anne C. Vergnaud, Isabelle Romieux, Fulvio Ricceri, M. Luisa Redondo, Dimitirios Trichopoulos, Rosario Tumino, Veronika Fedirko, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Elio Riboli, Androniki Naska, Rikke Egeberg, Nicholas J. Wareham, Marianne Uhre Jakobsen, Emily Sonestedt, Heiner Boeing, Aurelio Barricarte, Salvatore Panico, Max Leenders, Manuela M. Bergmann, Laura Nailler, Isabel Drake, Paula Jakszyn, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Domenico Palli, Sabine Rohrmann, Vittorio Krogh, Antonia Trichopoulou, María José Sánchez, Jakob Linseisen, Petra H.M. Peeters, Ingegerd Johansson, Francesca L. Crowe, Rudolf Kaaks, Khaw, Kay-Tee [0000-0002-8802-2903], Wareham, Nicholas [0000-0003-1422-2993], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, University of Zurich, Rohrmann, Sabine, [Rohrmann,S] Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Rohrmann,S., Li,K, Kaaks,R, Linseisen,J] Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany. [Overvad,K, Jakobsen,MU] Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. [Bueno-de-Mesquita,HB] National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.[Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Leenders,M] Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [Egeberg,R, Tjønneland,A] Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Nailler,L, Boutron-Ruault,MC, Clavel-Chapelon,F] Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. [Nailler,L, Clavel-Chapelon,F] Paris South University, UMRS, Villejuif, France. [Krogh,V] Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy. [Palli,D] Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy. [Panico,S] Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy. [Tumino,R] Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, 'Civile - M.P.Arezzo' Hospital, Ragusa, Italy. [Ricceri,F] HuGeF - Human Genetics Foundation - Torino, Torino, Italy. [Bergmann,MM, Boeing,H] Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany. [Khaw,KT] Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK. [Wareham,NJ] Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge UK. [Crowe,FL, Key,TJ] Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. [Naska,A, Trichopoulou,A] WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece. [Trichopoulou,A, Trichopoulos,D] Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece. [Trichopoulos,D] Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston MA, USA.Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece. [Peeters,PHM] Julius Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [Peeters,PHM, Norat,T, Vergnaud,AC, Riboli,E] School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK. [Engeset,D, Skeie,G] Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway. [Parr,CL] Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. [Jakszyn,P] Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain. [Sánchez,MJ, Huerta,JM] Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain. [Sánchez,MJ, Barricarte,A, Amiano,P] Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Spain. [Huerta,JM] Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, Murcia, Spain. [Redondo,ML] Public Health Directorate Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. [Barricarte,A] Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain. [Amiano,P] Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BIODonostia Research Institute, Department of Health of the Regional Government of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain. [Drake,I, Sonestedt,E] Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden. [Hallmans,G] Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutrition Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. [Johansson,I] Department of Odontology, Cariology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. [Fedirko,V, Romieux,I, Ferrari,P] International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France. [Linseisen,J] Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany., Europe Against Cancer Program of the European Commission (SANCO), Deutsche Krebshilfe, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Danish Cancer Society, Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health, Spanish Regional Governments of Andalucia, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia and Navarra, ISCIII RCESP exp. C03/09, Spain, Cancer Research UK, Medical Research Council, United Kingdom, Stroke Association, United Kingdom, British Heart Foundation, Department of Health, United Kingdom, Food Standards Agency, United Kingdom, Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom, the Hellenic Health Foundation and the Stavros Niarchos Foundation, Italian Association for Research on Cancer (AIRC), Italian National Research Council, Fondazione-Istituto Banco Napoli, Italy, Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS), Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR), LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF), Statistics Netherlands (The Netherlands), Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Scientific Council, Regional Government of Skåne, Sweden, Nordforsk the Norwegian Cancer Society, French League against Cancer (LNCC), National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), France, Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale (MGEN), France, 3M Co, France, Gustave Roussy Institute (IGR), France, and General Councils of France, BMC, Ed., Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH)-Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Section of Epidemiology, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori - National Cancer Institute [Milan], Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Civile - M.P.Arezzo Hospital, HuGeF - Human Genetics Foundation - Torino, Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Epidemiology Unit, Medical Research Council, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, University of Athens Medical School [Athens], Hellenic Health Foundation, Harvard School of Public Health, Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Julius Center, University Medical Center [Utrecht], School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø (UiT), Department of Biostatistics [Oslo], Institute of Basic Medical Sciences [Oslo], Faculty of Medicine [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO)-Faculty of Medicine [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Andalusian School of Public Health [Granada], Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Murcia Regional Health Council, Public Health Directorate Asturias, Navarre Public Health Institute, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BIODonostia Research Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University [Lund], Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Department of Odontology, Cariology, International Agency for Cancer Research (IACR), Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, University of Oxford [Oxford], Rohrmann, S, Overvad, K, Bueno de Mesquita, Hb, Jakobsen, Mu, Egeberg, R, Tj?nneland, A, Nailler, L, Boutron Ruault, Mc, Clavel Chapelon, F, Krogh, V, Palli, D, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, R, Ricceri, F, Bergmann, Mm, Boeing, H, Li, K, Kaaks, R, Khaw, Kt, Wareham, Nj, Crowe, Fl, Key, Tj, Naska, A, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Leenders, M, Peeters, Ph, Engeset, D, Parr, Cl, Skeie, G, Jakszyn, P, S?nchez, Mj, Huerta, Jm, Redondo, Ml, Barricarte, A, Amiano, P, Drake, I, Sonestedt, E, Hallmans, G, Johansson, I, Fedirko, V, Romieux, I, Ferrari, P, Norat, T, Vergnaud, Ac, Riboli, E, and Linseisen, J.

Subjects
Male, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Colorectal cancer, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Survival Analysis [Medical Subject Headings], Review, Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle Aged [Medical Subject Headings], 2700 General Medicine, DISEASE, COLORECTAL-CANCER, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Nutrition: 811, Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings], Cohort Studies, Diet, Meat, Mortality, Cohort, Europe, Cardiovascular, Cancer, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Health Surveys::Nutrition Surveys [Medical Subject Headings], 0302 clinical medicine, Neoplasms, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Medicine(all), RISK, CALIBRATION, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, cardiovascular, Diabetes, Hazard ratio, food and beverages, cohort, General Medicine, Diseases::Neoplasms [Medical Subject Headings], Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, Neoplasias, 3. Good health, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, Näringslära, Cardiovascular Diseases, Red meat, [SDV.BBM.GTP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Female, Enfermedades cardiovasculares, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Americas::North America::United States [Medical Subject Headings], CERTIFICATES, Research Article, Cohort study, Technology, Industry, Agriculture::Food and Beverages::Food::Meat [Medical Subject Headings], Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies::Longitudinal Studies::Prospective Studies [Medical Subject Headings], Processed meat, Estudios de cohortes, Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings], 610 Medicine & health, Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet [Medical Subject Headings], Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Feeding Behavior [Medical Subject Headings], VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Ernæring: 811, VEGETARIANS, 03 medical and health sciences, Medicine, General & Internal, General & Internal Medicine, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult [Medical Subject Headings], medicine, cancer, Humans, ddc:610, Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged [Medical Subject Headings], Diseases::Cardiovascular Diseases [Medical Subject Headings], Aged, Science & Technology, business.industry, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Clinical medical disciplines: 750::Oncology: 762, 10060 Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), Feeding Behavior, medicine.disease, mortality, Survival Analysis, United States, Surgery, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Klinisk medisinske fag: 750::Onkologi: 762, RED MEAT, Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings], Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies [Medical Subject Headings], Commentary, 21-YEAR FOLLOW-UP, business, Body mass index, Demography
Abstract

Background Recently, some US cohorts have shown a moderate association between red and processed meat consumption and mortality supporting the results of previous studies among vegetarians. The aim of this study was to examine the association of red meat, processed meat, and poultry consumption with the risk of early death in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Methods Included in the analysis were 448,568 men and women without prevalent cancer, stroke, or myocardial infarction, and with complete information on diet, smoking, physical activity and body mass index, who were between 35 and 69 years old at baseline. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to examine the association of meat consumption with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Results As of June 2009, 26,344 deaths were observed. After multivariate adjustment, a high consumption of red meat was related to higher all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01 to 1.28, 160+ versus 10 to 19.9 g/day), and the association was stronger for processed meat (HR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.66, 160+ versus 10 to 19.9 g/day). After correction for measurement error, higher all-cause mortality remained significant only for processed meat (HR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.25, per 50 g/d). We estimated that 3.3% (95% CI 1.5% to 5.0%) of deaths could be prevented if all participants had a processed meat consumption of less than 20 g/day. Significant associations with processed meat intake were observed for cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and 'other causes of death'. The consumption of poultry was not related to all-cause mortality. Conclusions The results of our analysis support a moderate positive association between processed meat consumption and mortality, in particular due to cardiovascular diseases, but also to cancer.

Published
2013

7. Meat consumption and mortality--results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Author

Rohrmann S, Overvad K, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Jakobsen MU, Egeberg R, Tjønneland A, Nailler L, Boutron-Ruault MC, Clavel-Chapelon F, Krogh V, Palli D, Panico S, Tumino R, Ricceri F, Bergmann MM, Boeing H, Li K, Kaaks R, Khaw KT, Wareham NJ, Crowe FL, Key TJ, Naska A, Trichopoulou A, Trichopoulos D, Leenders M, Peeters PH, Engeset D, Parr CL, Skeie G, Jakszyn P, Sánchez MJ, Huerta JM, Redondo ML, Barricarte A, Amiano P, Drake I, Sonestedt E, Hallmans G, Johansson I, Fedirko V, Romieux I, Ferrari P, Norat T, Vergnaud AC, Riboli E, and Linseisen J

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms epidemiology, Nutrition Surveys, Prospective Studies, Survival Analysis, United States, Cardiovascular Diseases mortality, Diet adverse effects, Feeding Behavior, Meat, Neoplasms mortality
Abstract

Background: Recently, some US cohorts have shown a moderate association between red and processed meat consumption and mortality supporting the results of previous studies among vegetarians. The aim of this study was to examine the association of red meat, processed meat, and poultry consumption with the risk of early death in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)., Methods: Included in the analysis were 448,568 men and women without prevalent cancer, stroke, or myocardial infarction, and with complete information on diet, smoking, physical activity and body mass index, who were between 35 and 69 years old at baseline. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to examine the association of meat consumption with all-cause and cause-specific mortality., Results: As of June 2009, 26,344 deaths were observed. After multivariate adjustment, a high consumption of red meat was related to higher all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01 to 1.28, 160+ versus 10 to 19.9 g/day), and the association was stronger for processed meat (HR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.66, 160+ versus 10 to 19.9 g/day). After correction for measurement error, higher all-cause mortality remained significant only for processed meat (HR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.25, per 50 g/d). We estimated that 3.3% (95% CI 1.5% to 5.0%) of deaths could be prevented if all participants had a processed meat consumption of less than 20 g/day. Significant associations with processed meat intake were observed for cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and 'other causes of death'. The consumption of poultry was not related to all-cause mortality., Conclusions: The results of our analysis support a moderate positive association between processed meat consumption and mortality, in particular due to cardiovascular diseases, but also to cancer.

Published
2013
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8. Smoking and the risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Author

Rohrmann S, Linseisen J, Allen N, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Johnsen NF, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Kaaks R, Teucher B, Boeing H, Pischon T, Lagiou P, Trichopoulou A, Trichopoulos D, Palli D, Krogh V, Tumino R, Ricceri F, Argüelles Suárez MV, Agudo A, Sánchez MJ, Chirlaque MD, Barricarte A, Larrañaga N, Boshuizen H, van Kranen HJ, Stattin P, Johansson M, Bjartell A, Ulmert D, Khaw KT, Wareham NJ, Ferrari P, Romieux I, Gunter MJ, Riboli E, and Key TJ

Subjects
Adult, Europe epidemiology, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Nutritional Status, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Prostatic Neoplasms epidemiology, Prostatic Neoplasms mortality, Registries, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Survival Rate, Prostatic Neoplasms etiology, Smoking adverse effects
Abstract

Background: Smoking is not associated with prostate cancer incidence in most studies, but associations between smoking and fatal prostate cancer have been reported., Methods: During 1992 and 2000, lifestyle information was assessed via questionnaires and personal interview in a cohort of 145,112 European men. Until 2009, 4623 incident cases of prostate cancer were identified, including 1517 cases of low-grade, 396 cases of high grade, 1516 cases of localised, 808 cases of advanced disease, and 432 fatal cases. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association of smoking status, smoking intensity, and smoking duration with the risk of incident and fatal prostate cancer., Results: Compared with never smokers, current smokers had a reduced risk of prostate cancer (RR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.83-0.97), which was statistically significant for localised and low-grade disease, but not for advanced or high-grade disease. In contrast, heavy smokers (25+ cigarettes per day) and men who had smoked for a long time (40+ years) had a higher risk of prostate cancer death (RR=1.81, 95% CI: 1.11-2.93; RR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.01-1.87, respectively)., Conclusion: The observation of an increased prostate cancer mortality among heavy smokers confirms the results of previous prospective studies.

Published
2013
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9. Concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 and brain tumor risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Author

Rohrmann S, Linseisen J, Becker S, Allen N, Schlehofer B, Overvad K, Olsen A, Tjønneland A, Melin BS, Lund E, Vineis P, Grioni S, Tumino R, Palli D, Mattiello A, Bonet C, Chirlaque MD, Sánchez MJ, Rodríguez L, Dorronsoro M, Ardanaz E, Lagiou P, Trichopoulou A, Trichopoulos D, Dossus L, Grote VA, Boeing H, Aleksandrova K, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, van Duijnhoven FJ, Peeters PH, Khaw KT, Wareham NJ, Key TJ, Rinaldi S, Romieux I, Gallo V, Michaud DS, Riboli E, and Kaaks R

Subjects
Brain Neoplasms etiology, Brain Neoplasms pathology, Case-Control Studies, Cohort Studies, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glioma etiology, Glioma pathology, Humans, Male, Meningeal Neoplasms etiology, Meningeal Neoplasms pathology, Middle Aged, Neuroma, Acoustic etiology, Neuroma, Acoustic pathology, Nutritional Status, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Biomarkers, Tumor metabolism, Brain Neoplasms metabolism, Glioma metabolism, Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 metabolism, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I metabolism, Meningeal Neoplasms metabolism, Neuroma, Acoustic metabolism
Abstract

Background: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I) is important in normal brain development but in the adult brain, IGF-I overexpression may be a risk factor for tumor development., Methods: We examined the association between circulating concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in relation to risk of gliomas (74 low-grade, 206 high-grade gliomas), meningiomas (n = 174) and acoustic neuromas (n = 49) by using a case-control design nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were measured by ELISAs.Conditional logistic regression was used to compute ORs and corresponding 95% CIs., Results: The risk of low-grade gliomas was elevated with increased IGF-I (OR = 3.60, 95% CI: 1.11-11.7; top vs. bottom quartile) and decreased with elevated IGFBP-3 concentrations (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.09-0.84) after mutual adjustment of these two factors; these results became nonsignificant after exclusion of the first year of follow-up. No association was observed for high-grade gliomas or meningiomas. Both high IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations were associated with risk of acoustic neuromas (IGF-I: OR = 6.63, 95% CI: 2.27-19.4, top vs. bottom tertile; IGFBP-3: OR = 7.07, 95% CI: 2.32-21.6), even after excluding the first year of follow-up., Conclusion: High concentrations of IGF-I might be positively associated with risk of low-grade gliomas and acoustic neuromas, although we cannot exclude reverse causation, in particular for low-grade gliomas., Impact: Factors of the IGF axis might be involved in the etiology of some types of brain tumors., (©2011 AACR)

Published
2011
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