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CAD models were built for a three-layer SPF/DB cylinder component. FEM method was employed to simulate the SPF/DB process with different girder structure at appropriate temperature/strain rate combinations. The results show that topology parameters of the structure influence the thickness of outer sheet and surface quality. When the thickness ratio of outer sheet to inner sheet exceeded 3:1 and the angle between adjacent ribs was great than 110 degree, ribs were formed and the cylinder surface was perfect. The simulation result was verified by experiment. The experimental results showed that the optimized cylinder structure can be formed at 920°C, 1×10-4 strain rate perfectly, and the size of blank cylinder diameter can be controlled accurately by SPF/DB mold and the size deviation is less than 0.5mm.

In the present study, a biosensor was prepared using the water-soluble sulfonated graphene with the aim of achieving the selective and sensitive determination of dopamine (DA) in the presence of ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA). The aromatic π–π stacking and electrostatic attraction between positively charged DA and negatively charged sulfonated graphene can accelerate the electron transfer whereas weakening AA and UA oxidation on the sulfonated graphene-modified electrode. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the successful synthesis of sulfonated graphene sheets. Differential pulse voltammetry was used for electrochemical detection, the separation of the oxidation peak potentials for AA-DA, DA-UA and UA-AA was about 227 mV, 125 mV and 352 mV, which allowed selectively determining DA. A broad linear range, low detection limit, along with good ability to suppress the background current from large excess ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) were obtained. The as-prepared sulfonated graphene sheets exhibited superior performance over conventional negatively charged Nafion films, such as flexible film thickness, unique nanostructure, excellent anti-interference ability, high sensitivity and selectivity. The proposed method was used to detect DA in real hydrochloride injection sample, human urine and serum samples with satisfactory recovery results.

We describe a highly sensitive and selective amperometric sensor for the determination of nitrite. A glassy carbon electrode was modified with a composite made from gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and sulfonated graphene (SG). The modified electrode displays excellent electrocatalytic activity in terms of nitrite oxidation by giving much higher peak currents (at even lower oxidation overpotential) than those found for the bare electrode, the AuNPs-modified electrode, and the SG-modified electrode. The sensor has a linear response in the 10 μM to 3.96 mM concentration range, a very good detection sensitivity (45.44 μA mM−1), and a lower detection limit of 0.2 μM of nitrite. Most common ions and many environmental organic pollutants do not interfere. The sensor was successfully applied to the determination of nitrite in water samples, and the results were found to be consistent with the values obtained by spectrophotometry.

Data Reduction Factor (DRF) and the Super Efficiency DEA (SE-DEA) model are employed to study the energy saving and emission reduction efficiency of Shanxi Province. Based on Shanxi’s 2003~2010 panel data, firstly the public factors with economic significance are selected from many input and output indices by means of DRF; secondly the efficiency values during 2003~2010 are estimated by plugging the public factors, which are nonnegative after transformation by threshold method, in the input-oriented SE-DEA model; finally the DMUs are sorted and the efficiency value and scale returns of each unit are analyzed in details.

Ti3Al intermetallic alloy is a hard formed material with many advantages for aviation and aerospace applications. Superplastic forming (SPF) is an ideal process for Ti3Al alloy to form sheet metal component. The thickness distribution of U cross-section circular parts, which were superplastically formed in two different female die cavity, were predicted by FEM software. According to female die forming thickness distribution, preforming die cavity was designed and was optimized by FEM software. Superplastic bugling tests with and without preforming were carried out. The thickness of parts were measured and compared with predictions by FEM software. The results showed that preforming can promote thickness uniformity efficiently in female die forming. In this experiment, the thickness difference range of the part formed with preforming reduced 75.8% compared with part formed without preforming.

Three complexes with 2-[bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amino] propanic acid (Adpa) were synthesized and characterized. The crystal structure of [(Adpa)CoCl] (1) shows that the cobalt(II) atom is coordinated by three N atoms, one oxygen atom from the Adpa ligand and one chloride, forming a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry. The fluorescence titration data indicate the interactions of ct-DNA with complexes [(Adpa)FeCl2] (2) and [(Adpa)Fe(H2O)2] (3) are exothermic, but binding of complex (1) with ct-DNA is endothermic. The inhibiting activities of the three complexes on the cancer cells (Mcf-7, Eca-109, A549 and Hela) follow the order: (3) > (2) ≫ (1), which is in correlation with their DNA-binding properties.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is not amenable to current targeted therapies and carries a poor prognosis; however, a specific systemic regimen cannot yet be recommended. The optimal duration of oxaliplatin (OXA) and S-1 combinatorial chemotherapy in patients with advanced breast cancer is not currently known and is likely to be patient-specific based on efficacy and toxicity. In the present study, 52 patients with advanced TNBC received OXA and S-1 chemotherapy. The efficacy and toxicity were observed. The results showed that the median number of regimens was 4 (range 2–6). The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated in all patients. The complete response, partial response, overall response and disease control rates were 3.8, 30.8, 34.6 and 69.2%, respectively. Four patients were lost to follow-up, and the median follow-up time was 13.7 months. The median progression-free survival time was 6.7 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 4.5–9.0] and the median overall survival (OS) time was 13.3 months (95% CI, 9.1–17.5). From the subgroup analysis, it was found that the median OS time of patients with stage IV disease and ≥2 metastases was significantly shorter than that of patients with stage IIIC disease and only 1 metastasis [11.3 vs. 22.7 months, P=0.010 (stage IV vs. stage IIC); 11.3 vs. 15.7 months, P=0.048 (≥2 vs. 1 metastasis)]. The main grade 3/4 toxic effects were neutropenia (11.5%), nausea (7.7%) and nerve toxicity (3.8%). The other toxic effects were mainly of grades 1–2 and included diarrhea, liver dysfunction, stomatitis, anemia and hand-foot syndrome. In conclusion, OXA combined with S-1 is an effective and tolerable regimen for the treatment of patients with advanced TNBC.

Objective: To observe treatment effects and safety of fluvoxamine combined with oxycodone prolonged-release tablets in treating patients with moderate to severe cancer pain. Methods: Patients confirmed pathologically with cancer and complicated with moderate to severe pain, were divided into control and experimental groups. Oxycodone prolonged-release tablets, with or without fluvoxamine, were administrated to all study patients until pain relief. Degree of pain relief, dose of oxycodone prolonged-release tablets, side effects and quality of life were compared before and after treatment. Results: In total, 120 patients were recruited. No statistically significant difference was detected regarding age, gender, types of cancer, KPS between two groups of patients (P> 0.05). Baseline pain score of patients with moderate pain in treatment and control group was 4.9±0.8 and 5.1±0.8, respectively; and decreased to 1.8±1.1 and 1.2±1.1 after treatment, respectively. Pain intensity was significantly reduced in the treatment group ( P =0.028). Average daily consumption of oxycodone prolonged- release tablets was (54.0±19.6) mg and (44.7± 18.7) mg respectively, which is lower in treatment grpup than in control group, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P=0.065). Baseline pain score of patients with severe pain in treatment and control groups were 8.3±1.1 and 8.3±1.1, respectively; and pain intensity after treatment decreased to 2.9±1.0 and 2.3±1.0. Pain intensity was significantly reduced in the treatment group, with statistical significance ( P =0.026). Average daily consumption of oxycodone prolonged-release tablets was (132.0±42.2) mg and (110.7±33.9) mg, respectively, which is lower in treatment group than in control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.035). In terms of quality of life, patients in treatment group had better performance status, daily activity, mood, and sleep than that in control group (P < 0.05). Patients in two groups had similar side effects, eg., constipation, nausea/vomiting, lethargy, dizziness, itchy skin, dysuria, and ataxia. Lower incidence of nausea/vomiting, lethargy, was obtained from patients in treatment than in control group, while significant low constipation was observed in treatment than in control group (35.0% vs 49.2%, P=0.026). Conclusion: Fluvoxamine combined with oxycodone prolonged-release tablets could be more effective in treating patients with cancer pain, and could reduce the dosage of oxycodone prolonged-release tablets and thus be associated with lower side effects, and improved quality of life.