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Milkfish (Chanos chanos) by-products were used as raw material for the production of protein hydrolysates. Acid hydrolysis was performed at 121 °C for 90 min at 15 psi using various concentrations of hydrochloric acid (4, 6, and 8M). The protein hydrolysates were characterized for the degree of hydrolysis (DH), and antioxidant and other functional food properties. The yield obtained ranged from 5.14±0.42% to 6.08±1.53%. High DH was observed at a high acid concentration with 43.88±9.50% DH for 8M HCl. Regarding the functional food properties, solubility of over 80% over a wide range of pH (2-12) was observed, and emulsifying and foaming properties were found to depend on the pH (2-10). As for the antioxidant activity, 8M exhibited the highest antioxidant activity among the three treatments. The results showed that milkfish by-products have potential to serve as raw material for protein hydrolysates that can be used as ingredients for food formulations.

Abstract Background Legionella-related community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a disease with an increasing incidence and a high mortality rate, especially if empirical antibiotic therapy is inadequate. Antibiotic treatment highly relies on clinical symptoms, although proven non-specific, because currently available diagnostic techniques provide insufficient accuracy for detecting Legionella CAP on admission. This study validates a diagnostic scoring system for detection of Legionella-related CAP, based on six items on admission (Legionella prediction score). Methods We included patients with Legionella-related CAP admitted to five large Dutch hospitals between 2006 and 2016. Controls were non-Legionella-related CAP patients. The following six conditions were rewarded one point if present: fever > 39.4 °C; dry cough; hyponatremia (sodium) 225 mmol/L; C-reactive protein (CRP) > 187 mg/L and platelet count

The BCR::ABL1 gene fusion initiates chronic myeloid leukemia (CML); however, evidence has accumulated from studies of highly selected cohorts that variants in other cancer-related genes are associated with treatment failure. Nevertheless, the true incidence and impact of additional genetic abnormalities (AGA) at diagnosis of chronic phase (CP)-CML is unknown. We sought to determine whether AGA at diagnosis in a consecutive imatinib-treated cohort of 210 patients enrolled in the TIDEL-II trial influenced outcome despite a highly proactive treatment intervention strategy. Survival outcomes including overall survival, progression-free survival, failure-free survival, and BCR::ABL1 kinase domain mutation acquisition were evaluated. Molecular outcomes were measured at a central laboratory and included major molecular response (MMR, BCR::ABL1 ≤0.1%IS), MR4 (BCR::ABL1 ≤0.01%IS), and MR4.5 (BCR::ABL1 ≤0.0032%IS). AGA included variants in known cancer genes and novel rearrangements involving the formation of the Philadelphia chromosome. Clinical outcomes and molecular response were assessed based on the patient's genetic profile and other baseline factors. AGA were identified in 31% of patients. Potentially pathogenic variants in cancer-related genes were detected in 16% of patients at diagnosis (including gene fusions and deletions) and structural rearrangements involving the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph-associated rearrangements) were detected in 18%. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that the combined genetic abnormalities plus the EUTOS long-term survival clinical risk score were independent predictors of lower molecular response rates and higher treatment failure. Despite a highly proactive treatment intervention strategy, first-line imatinib-treated patients with AGA had poorer response rates. These data provide evidence for the incorporation of genomically-based risk assessment for CML.

The growth of the aquaculture sector leads to a demand for sustainable feed ingredients. Prebiotics are potential sustainable feed ingredients that can promote the improved performance of aquaculture species without the use of antimicrobials. This study investigated the potential of Azolla pinnata as a candidate prebiotic source. Prebiotic characteristics and dietary effect of commercial diet (CD) with varying pulverised azolla (PA) inclusion was evaluated. Results showed that PA (9.40% moisture) constitutes around 16.1% ash, 22.3% crude fibre, 20.9% crude protein, 1.7% crude fat and 29.6% nitrogen-free extract. Crude xylan and cellulose content of PA were 13.7% and 12.6% dry matter (DM) respectively. Growth of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in PA-supplemented MRS broth remarkably improved after 4 to 6 hours of incubation. Feeding trials results revealed that PA inclusion had no adverse effect on average survival of milkfish fingerlings, albeit significant improvement (p < 0.01) was noted in group fed with 2% PA-replaced CD in terms of the total weight gain (119.9%), specific growth rate (2.62% day–1) and feed efficiency (79.9%). The present study demonstrated the prebiotic activity of PA, as well as its potential use as dietary feed component for improved growth and feed efficiency of cultured milkfish.

GRIIDC is a multidisciplinary data repository created in the aftermath of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Development of the repository occurred even as researchers collected post-spill data, and as a result, the data management system initially focused on the ingestion of data and metadata. Data sharing was not as prevalent as it is currently, and many researchers were not familiar with data sharing and data organization best practices. Implementation of data management planning, submission, citation, and distribution features required many iterations and occurred while GRIIDC was assisting researchers with managing their rapid response data. From this challenging beginning, over the decade since the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, GRIIDC has improved the data management system and the training of researchers, which has enhanced the ease of submission and quality of data submitted. The GRIIDC system has also evolved to prioritize the implementation of FAIR data principles to ensure the data are findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable. All data are issued digital object identifiers (DOIs) through DataCite and are findable via GRIIDC's data search page, DataONE, and Google Dataset Search. Each dataset has a landing page where the data and metadata can be accessed. GRIIDC is continuously striving to add FAIR principles to the system. Although there are still many challenges including quality of data and metadata received, funding limitations, and program priorities, GRIIDC must always continue to improve its ability to meet user needs while implementing FAIR data principles.

Introduction Following national recommendations for physical activity, diet, and nonsmoking can reduce both incident and recurrent coronary heart disease. Prevalence data about combinations of behaviors are lacking. This study describes the prevalence of full adherence to national recommendations for physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, and nonsmoking among individuals with and without coronary heart disease and examines characteristics associated with full adherence. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from the 2000 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a national population-based survey. We included respondents to the cardiovascular disease module and excluded individuals with poor physical health or activity limitations. Results Subjects were most adherent to smoking recommendations (approximately 80%) and less adherent to fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity (approximately 20% for both). Only 5% of those without coronary heart disease and 7% of those with coronary heart disease were adherent to all three behaviors (P < .01). Among those without a history of coronary heart disease, female sex (odds ratio [OR] 1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.231.76), highest age quintile (OR 1.67; 95% CI, 1.282.19), more education (OR 2.48; 95% CI, 1.693.64), and more income (OR 1.19; 95% CI, 1.041.36) were associated with full adherence. Among those with coronary heart disease, mid-age quintile (OR 3.79; 95% CI, 1.3510.68), good general health (OR 2.05; 95% CI, 1.073.94), and more income (OR 1.51; 95% CI, 1.062.16) were associated with full adherence. Conclusions These data demonstrate the lack of a heart-healthy lifestyle among a sample of U.S. adults with and without coronary heart disease. Full adherence to combined behaviors is far below adherence to any of the individual behaviors.