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This study used the systematic literature review to explore articles related to human resource management and physical education teachers who work with students with special needs in inclusive schools. Data were obtained from articles searched through Google Scholar. The keywords used were ("Human Resource Management" OR "HR Management") AND ("Physical Education Teacher" OR "PE Teacher") AND ("Special Needs Students" OR "Students with Disabilities" OR "SEN Students") AND ("Inclusive Schools" OR "Inclusive Education"). The search focused on articles published in Scopus-indexed journals between 2019 and 2024. During the search, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. The initial search generated 17,400 articles. Furthermore, the articles were screened again in several stages, and 16 articles that fit the theme and met the inclusion requirements were yielded. During the article selection, this study followed the PRISMA guidelines. The results of this study showed that inclusive education presents significant challenges in human resource management, especially regarding the readiness and competence of physical education teachers. For example, the teachers did not receive sufficient training in inclusive methodologies, leading them to feel underprepared for the diverse needs of students. Thus, comprehensive training that covers theory and hands-on practice was identified as a solution. Teachers with more in-depth training and experience showed more positive attitudes and abilities. In addition, adjustments to teaching methods and effective use of technology, with school support and collaboration between teachers, staff, and parents, were key to success. Furthermore, policy changes and adequate resource allocation were also crucial. Periodic evaluation of inclusive practices was necessary to ensure continuous development. Thus, increased training, supportive policies, and ongoing support from the government and schools were necessary to achieve effective, inclusive physical education.

This study aims to analyze the impact, motivation, and strategy of using the Merdeka Mengajar platform by productive mathematics teachers. This study used mixed-method with case studies in its qualitative research and quasi-experiments in its quantitative research. The participants of the case study were 15 productive mathematics teachers, and the sample of the quasi-experiment was one of the classes taught by the teacher. Quantitative data were obtained from students' learning outcomes, and qualitative data from semi-structured teacher interviews. The quantitative analyses used were descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The qualitative analysis refers to three steps: data condensation, data display, and decision-making. The results showed that the impact obtained by mathematics teachers was an enhancement in competence and knowledge, including those related to teaching and technology. Learning innovations inspired by learning outcomes in PMM were effectively implemented in the mathematics classroom. What motivates teachers to optimize the use of PMM varies from the desire to continue learning and provide the best quality of learning to the desire to contribute to student success and to be role models. There are three elements in productive mathematics teachers' strategies to optimize the use of PMM in self-development. They are targets, consistency, notes and implementation with feedback, and self-reward as a supporting element.

Teaching Factory (TEFA) Learning Model is a means of improving students' skills to meet the qualifications required by the workplace. There is a discrepancy between the output performance criteria of vocational school graduates and the job qualifications required in the industry. The industrial world is rapidly advancing in technology and information, while schools are struggling to provide adequate laboratory and practical facilities. This study examined the students’ perspectives on TEFA learning in service production units in vocational schools to prepare them considering graduate work readiness (GWR). The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach with the data collection techniques utilizing in-depth interviews and observations. The research participants were students at vocational schools joining the TEFA teaching and learning program. The collected data were then validated using source triangulation. The data analysis followed a qualitative method with an interactive model as realized in several stages: data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusions. The findings showed that students' perspectives on TEFA learning inform added values in 3 domains: 1) knowledge, 2) skills, and 3) attitudes. Furthermore, TEFA learning provided students with the necessary competencies which align with the performance criteria required by the industry, boosted their self-confidence and learning motivation, and fostered a mental attitude of independence, responsibility, and self-efficacy in meeting industrial needs.

Each country has a different administrative tradition, such as those found in China and Indonesia. The two countries are close to each other and have good relations to date. Chinese Confucian teachings that are still preserved today have brought this country to change. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method using a document or literature analysis approach. The use of this method aims to obtain material and empirical data obtained through journals and scientific papers, reports, books, and other documents related to the research being conducted. The results of the study explain that the evolution of administration in China occurred from generation to generation, giving the characteristics of each dynasty. Similar to China, in Indonesia, the people also adhere to Pancasila values and include these values in the administration of government in Indonesia. The Indonesian nation upholds ethnic differences and tolerance of religious differences. However, national values still refer to Pancasila ideology and do not use Confucian teachings in administering government in Indonesia.

Reasoning has been extensively studied by many experts. However, Research on student reasoning in trigonometric problem solving, particularly those related to logical thinking skills is still sorely needed. This study aimed to explore students' reasoning in solving trigonometric function problems regarding logical thinking skills. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach. The research subjects involved high school students in Palopo, Indonesia. Based on the logical ability test results, three subjects were selected, namely students with high, medium, and low logical abilities. Research instruments in mathematical problem-solving tasks and interview guidelines are valid and reliable. Data collection was carried out through task-based interviews and think-aloud. The results of the study: (1) the reasoning subjects with high and moderate logical abilities in solving trigonometric function problems are the same in every type of question, always starting with inductive reasoning and then doing deductive reasoning (2) the reasoning of subjects with high and medium logical abilities is different in solving trigonometric function problems in the initial identification. Subjects with low logical ability showed no mental activity in solving trigonometric function problems. The research finding is that the subject has a high logical ability and is solving trigonometric function problems first by inductive reasoning and then deductive reasoning. In general, it is concluded that students with high and moderate logical abilities use inductive and deductive thinking patterns interchangeably in solving trigonometric function problems.

Instilling the character values is realized through a learning process that aims to equip graduates with job readiness and help internalize values for student life on campus and in society. This study aims to investigate the effects of giving soft skills training on student character development. The research respondents consisted of 148 students. This study employed a quantitative approach. Primary data were gathered using a questionnaire. The data validity utilized content validity and item validation with product moment Pearson correlation analysis. Data analysis used paired-sample tests. The results show that there was a significant difference in the student’s character before and after obtaining soft skill materials. Student character values are better after being given soft skill training than before getting soft skill training.

Dalam penelitian ini, kulit buah naga akan dijadikan tepung dan disubstitusikan kedalam adonan chiffon cakesebagai bentuk diversifikasi produk berbahan dasar tepung terigu dan upaya pemanfaatan limbah dari kulit buah naga..Dengan pensubstitusian tepung kulit buah naga merah, diharapkan akan menambah nilai gizi pada chiffon cake nantinya. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini antara lain (1) mengetahui kesukaan masyarakat, dan (2) mengetahui kandungan gizi berupa vitamin C dan flavonoid pada chiffon cake tepung kulit buah naga merah.Teknik analisis data untuk uji kesukaan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif, sedangkan uji kandungan gizi menggunakan metode titrasi langsung untuk vitamin C dan spektrofotometri UV-Vis untuk flavonoid.Objek penelitian ini adalah chiffon cake yang disubstitusikan dengan tepung kulit buah naga merah dengan persentase 6%, 10%, dan 14% dari tepung terigu yang digunakan sebanyak 75g. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, terdapat perbedaan pada aspek warna, rasa dan tekstur chiffon cake tepung kulit buah naga merah dari masing-masing objek penelitian.Berdasarkan hasil uji kesukaan, sampel 286 (6%) menjadi sampel yang paling disukai dan memperoleh skor tertinggi dari aspek warna, aroma, rasa dan tekstur. Pada aspek warna diperoleh total skor sebesar 80.25%, pada aspek aroma diperoleh total skor sebesar 77.75%, pada aspek rasa diperoleh total skor sebesar 81.5%, dan pada aspek tekstur diperoleh total skor sebesar 81.75%. Sedangkan hasil dari analisis kandungan gizi, sampel 985 (14%) mendapatkan hasil tertinggi pada kandugan vitamin C dan flavonoid. Pada kandungan vitamin C diperoleh hasil sebesar 5,28mg dan pada flavonoid diperoleh hasil sebesar 26.5 mgQE.

The tourism business is one of the pioneers of foreign exchange. The involvement of tour guides contributes to the progress of the tourism business. For this reason, tour guides need to demonstrate their quality of professional performance in the form of providing excellent service. Tourist satisfaction is a measure of service success. To maximize service potential, the community service team provides mentoring of excellent service for the Indonesian Tour Guides Association/ Himpunan Pramuwisata Indonesia (HPI) in Karimunjawa District. The program was carried out for three days and using the mentoring method. Mentoring begins with a workshop on the first day, by providing material related to excellent service. Afterward, live mentoring was carried out for two days. This community service is considered to be able to increase guide knowledge about excellent service and can evaluate guides when carrying out services. As many as 43.3% of participants fully understood the material presented and 53.3% of participants were able to practice excellent service well.

This study aims to examine the teaching readiness level of pre-service teachers from the Economics Education, Accounting Education, and Office Administration Education study programs and the discrepancy between them. Ex post facto research design was applied in this study with quantitative approach. Pre-service teachers from educational study programs in the Faculty of Economics Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta that have completed micro teaching and educational practice courses were involved as the population in the present study. A total of 262 pre-service teachers were selected as the samples using purposive random sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect the data. The instrument validity was confirmed using exploratory factor analysis, while the reliability was estimated using Cronbach Alpha. The data were analyzed statistically using descriptive quantitative and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). The result showed that the teaching readiness of the pre-service teachers from the Economic Education, Accounting Education, and Office Administration Education study programs were in the “excellent” category, and no significant differences were found on their teaching readiness level. The results indicated that each study program showed a similar performance in providing the pre-service teachers with an appropriate level of teaching readiness. Grounded on the research results, it is suggested to maintain the schooling pattern for all educational study programs for an in-depth study in the future with different characteristics of each study program.

Corona virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) diketahui menyebabkan infeksi saluran nafas pada manusia mulai dari batuk pilek hingga yang lebih serius seperti Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) dan Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Persebaran virus COVID-19 meningkat semakin cepat melalui tetesan air liur atau keluar dari hidung ketika orang yang terinfeksi batuk atau bersin. Akan tetapi, masih sangat minim pemahaman dan kesadaran masyarakat di Rt 01 Rw 03 Desa Karangkedawung, Kecamatan Mumbulsari Kabupaten Jember yang mematuhi protokol kesehatan saat beraktivitas di luar rumah. Lokasi tersebut merupakan kawasan yang ramai penduduk. Oleh karena itu, perlunya peningkatan pemahaman COVID-19 dan pentingnya mematuhi protokol kesehatan penanggulangan COVID-19 serta pentingnya pendidikan bagi anak-anak sekolah pada Era COVID-19. Berdasakan permasalahan tersebut, penulis melakukan pengabdian pada masyarakat melalui kegiatan Kuliah Kerja Nyata Dari Rumah (KKN-DR) Era Covid-19 guna meminimalisir terjadinya penyebaran wabah COVID-19. Kegiatan yang dilakukan dengan metode Edukasi COVID-19 Kepada Masyarakat Rt 01 Rw 03 Desa Karangkedawung. Pada program KKN ini dilakukan sosialisasi tanggap masyarakat dengan adanya COVID-19, Pendidikan terhadap anak sekolah yang mengalami proses pembelajaran online (daring) dan serta edukasi tentang penerapan protokol kesehatan di lingkungan Rt 01 Rw 03 Desa Karangkedawung yang bertujuan dimanapun warga karangkedawung melakukan aktifitasnya supaya lebih mematuhi lagi akan pentingnya protokol kesehatan.

The purpose of this research was to examine undergraduates' understanding of the central tendency measure from a decision-making perspective. The research adopted a qualitative method by employing an interview and test to obtain the data. It enrolled 93 undergraduate students who had previously studied basic statistics and applied statistics. Four students were selected for interviews out of the 93 participants. The analysis model used included data condensation, data visualization, and conclusion and verification. A large number of students were unable to provide explanations for their decisions. The majority of students related the test with the necessity of calculating an average or selecting a more straightforward measure. None of the students was aware of the presence and effect of outliers in the data. The undergraduate students demonstrated a lack of awareness of the factors that could influence their decision-making. The students did not consider other variables. The majority of them were unaware of the benefits and drawbacks of using mean, median, and mode to describe data.

Introduction: Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (haramonting), a typical plant of North Sumatera, Indonesia, contains important medicinal ingredients. Nano sized drugs have high loading capacities and can be given at high concentrations. This study aimed to determine the components and toxicity of nanoherbal haramonting. It also aimed to determine the effect of nanoherbal haramonting on the histology of the liver, kidneys, lungs, heart and brain. Methods: High-energy milling was performed to produce nanoherbal haramonting. Thin-layer chromatography was utilised to determine the chemical components of the nanoherb. Antioxidant tests were performed by using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazil method. The three-stage of lethal dose 50 (LD50) which comprised the dose orientation test, preliminary test and actual phase test/LD50 determination, and the Thomson–Weil formula was applied to measure the lethal concentration 50 (LC50) of nanoherbal haramonting. Organs were collected for histological investigation after 14 days of the lethality test. Results: Nanoherbal haramonting had an average diameter distribution of 600.1 nm ± 135.8. It contained flavonoids, steroids, glycosides, saponins and tannins. Its LC50 and LD50 values were 2961.535 ppm and 10.4 ± 0.135 mg/kg BW, respectively. The histology of the heart, kidney, lungs, heart and brain were changed and affected by nanoherbal haramonting treatment at each dose level. Conclusion: Nanoherbal haramonting has strong antioxidative activity and small size, can be effectively used as medicine in the future because it contains secondary metabolite compounds that can be developed as drugs. However, it has mild toxicity.

Abstract: The accountant profession in the 21st century requires good critical thinking skills so that developing the skills needed in the 21st century is necessary in the accounting student’ learning environment. Therefore, the technology can be used as a medium for learning and communication between the students and the lecturers. In addition, the problem based learning model as a learning that requires the students to actively participate in each learning to develop the critical thinking skills so that the integration between problem-based face-to-face learning and learning utilizing technology in e-learning media is expected to improve the students’ critical thinking skills and the learning motivation. The research aims to: (1) find out the implementation of an effective blended learning model towards the students’ critical thinking skills and the learning motivation, and (2) to find out the difference in the students’ critical thinking skills and the learning motivation between the experimental class and the control class. This research is a quasi experimental research with non equivalent control group design. The study used one experimental group and one control group. The population in this study was the students who took introductory courses in accounting and accounting information systems so that the samples were taken by using purposive sampling technique. The instruments used are the essay test for the critical thinking skills and the questionnaire for the learning motivation. The data analysis techniques used are paired sample t test and independent sample t test assisted by SPSS 26.00. The findings show that: (1) the results of the paired simple t test show that the implementation of the blended learning model effectively improve the students’ critical thinking skills and the learning motivation, and (2) The results of the independent simple t test show that the students’ critical thinking skills and the learning motivation of the experimental class have a significant difference with the students of the control class. Abstrak: Profesi akuntan pada abad 21 membutuhkan keterampilan berpikir kritis yang baik sehingga diperlukan lingkungan belajar mahasiswa akuntansi yang mampu mengembangkan keterampilan yang dibutuhkan di abad 21. Oleh karena itu, teknologi dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media untuk belajar dan komunikasi antara mahasiswa dan dosen. Selain itu, model problem based learning sebagai pembelajaran yang menuntut mahasiswa berpartisipasi aktif dalam setiap pembelajaran untuk mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kritisnya sehingga integrasi antara pembelajaran tatap muka berbasis problem based learning dengan pembelajaran yang memanfaatkan teknologi di media e-learning diharapkan dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan motivasi belajar mahasiswa. Adapun penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui implementasi model blended learning yang efektif terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis dan motivasi belajar mahasiswa, (2) mengetahui perbedaan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan motivasi belajar mahasiswa antara kelas eksperimen dengan kelas control. Penelitian ini merupakan quasi experimental dengan desain non equivalent control group design. Penelitian ini menggunakan satu kelompok eksperimen dan satu kelompok kontrol. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa yang mengambil mata kuliah pengantar akuntansi dan sistem informasi akuntansi sehingga sampel diambil secara purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data untuk keterampilan berpikir kritis adalah tes sedangkan untuk motivasi belajar menggunakan angket. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah paired sample t test dan independent sample t test dengan bantuan SPSS 26.00. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Hasil uji paired simple t test menunjukkan implementasi dari model blended learning secara efektif meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan motivasi belajar mahasiswa, (2) Hasil uji independent simple t test menunjukkan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan motivasi belajar mahasiswa kelas eksperimen memiliki perbedaan secara signifikan dengan mahasiswa kelas kontrol.

During the pandemic of COVID-19, numerous obstacles arose in education, and some strategies were necessary to tackle them. This study adopted a qualitative approach to investigate teachers' difficulties in mathematics learning in rural and urban areas and how they solved them. The findings revealed that motivation, productivity, and activityare the main problems of the teachers. Accessibility also poses a difficulty for teachers in rural areas. Several strategies were implemented to solve these obstacles, including using technology, maintaining communication with families, providing flexibility, reducing the number of tasks and quizzes, and peer teaching.

The aim of this study was to determine the effective concentration of telang leaf extract for the treatment of koi fish infected by the Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria and find out what clinical symptoms arise from Aeromonas hydrophila infection. The method used in this research was experimental using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. The treatment given was soaking koi fish infected with Aeromonas hydrophila in telang leaf extract for 48 hours with concentrations of 0, 150, 300, 450 and 600 ppm. Koi fish is infected with A. hydrophila by intramuscular injection of 0.1 ml/head with a bacterial density of 108 cfu/mL. The parameters observed were clinical symptoms including damage to fish body surface, fish response to feed and shock response. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that early clinical symptoms that arise are inflammation that is swelling and reddish color on the injection site and red spots. Other symptoms that occur are ulcers, hemorrhagic & inflammation, discoloration, exopthalmia and dropsy. The use of telang leaf extract with a concentration of 300 ppm was the best and effective treatment for treating the infected koi fish with A. hydrophila because within 9 days, the fish has recovered. It produced the fastest cure rate compared to other treatments. Keywords : Aeromonas hydrophila, koi fish, telang leaf extract, treatment, soaking

This research aims to determine the most effective dosage of potassium diformate additives in feed to increase the body resistance of nilem carp (Osteochilus hasselti). This research used Complete Random Design (CRD) experimental method with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment used was the addition of potassium diformate on feed (0 %, 0.1 %, 0.3 % and 0.5 %). After 28 days of treatment, nilem fingerlings were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria with a density of 108 cfu ml-1. Parameters observed were the number of leukocytes, erythrocytes, survival rate, clinical symptoms and water quality. The result showed that leukocytes and erythrocytes number were significantly different in each treatment. Meanwhile, leukocytes and erythrocytes number of nilem fingerlings in challenged test were increased and decreased due to the addition of potassium diformate and A. hydrophila infection. Clinical symptoms after challenged test were relatively similar such as haemorhagic, ulceration, exopthalmia, dropsy and abnormal swimming movements. Therefore, survival rate of nilem fingerlings with 0.3 % of potassiun diformate was the highest compared to other treatments, namely 81.67 %.

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) cultivation is often hampered by a disease attack, one of them is the attack of Edwarsiella tarda. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can be used as an alternative to prevent diseases in fish by increasing the body's resistance. This research aimed to determine the most effective isolates of LAB that increase of the resistance of carp fingerlings to the attack of E. tarda bacteria and see which isolates can produce the highest survival. The LAB isolates used were the result of isolation from the gut of carp. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments with three replications. The fish were immersed with different LAB isolates, CcB7, CcB8, and CcB15 in the same density of 108 cells / mm3. Immersion was carried out for 30 minutes with a frequency of seven days. While during the research, two immersions were carried out before the challenge test against E. tarda bacteria. The parameters observed were the number of leukocytes, hematocrit, erythrocyte, differential leukocytes, survival rate, and clinical symptoms that appeared. The results showed that all LAB isolates used in this study could increase the body resistance of carp against the attacks of E. tarda bacteria. The LAB CcB7 isolate was the most effective for enhancing the body resistance of carp fish withthe highest increase level of leukocyte, erythrocyte, and hematocrit were 18 ± 0.057,7 ± 0,077, and 0.26± 7.31% respectively. After being challenged with E. tarda bacteria producing mild clinical symptoms, the highest increase is in monocyte and neutrophil cells was 20 and 62% respectively, the highest reduction in lymphocytes was – 9% and the highest survival rate was 80%.

Implementation of outdoor photobioreactors has been challenged by an extremely oversaturated daily peak of solar irradiance. This study aims to understand the role of column size and paranet shading as well as to investigate the most convenient light control in outdoor cyanobacterial culture. The photobioreactor (PBR) consisted of plastic columns with a diameter of 12.74 cm (PBRd-20) and 31.85 cm (PBRd-50) laid outdoors and inclined at 158.22° upwards against solar radiation, while paranet shading was provided at 0%, 50%, 70%, and 90% shading capacity. A semi-continuous culture of cyanobacterium Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis was conducted for 6 weeks with weekly monitoring of the growth parameter as well as the proximate and pigments content, while the daily irradiance and culture maximum temperature were recorded. The result shows that the column diameter of 12.74 cm had a lethal risk of 44.7% and this decreased to 10.5% by widening the column diameter to 31.85 cm. This lethal risk can be eliminated by the application of a paranet at a 50% reduction level for the column diameter of 31.85 cm and a 70% reduction level for the column diameter of 12.74 cm. The highest culture productivity of 149.03 mg/(L·day) was achieved with a PBRd-20 with 50% shading treatment, but a PBRd-50 with 90% shading treatment led to an increase in the protein and phycocyanin content by 66.7% and 14.91%, respectively.

ABSTRACT The attack of Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria can cause mortality in goldfish approximately 100%. The controlling of this bacterial attack can be done through increased fish immunity. Honey is one of the natural ingredients that increases body immune system. This study aimed to determine the effective dose of honey supplemented in feed to increase goldfish fingerling resistance for disease prevention. Fish used in this study were goldfish fingerlings with 3.5 g average weight. This study was done using experimental complete randomized design method with five treatments and three replications. Treatments given were honey supplementation in feed with 0 ml/kg (A) as control treatment, 150 ml/kg (B), 200 ml/kg (C), 250 ml/kg (D), and 300 ml/kg (E). The result showed that honey supplementation in feed was effective to improve goldfish fingerlings resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila bacterial attack. The supplementation of honey in feed with 200 ml/kg was the best treatment for inducing goldfish fingerlings against A. hydrophila. This was proven by the increased white blood cells (leucocytes) (27.84 ± 5.07%) followed with no apparent clinical symptoms after attacked by A.hydrophila, such as hemorrhage, necrosis, exophthalmia or dropsy, besides showing the highest survival rate with 73.33 ± 11.5%. Keywords : Aeromonas hydophila, goldfish, honey, leucocyte, resistance ABSTRAK Serangan bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila dapat menyebabkan kematian ikan mas koki hingga mencapai 100%. Penanggulangan serangan bakteri tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan ketahanan tubuh (imun) ikan. Madu merupakan salah satu bahan alami yang dapat meningkatkan ketahanan tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis efektif penambahan madu pada pakan untuk meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh benih ikan mas koki dalam upaya pencegahan penyakit aeromonasis. Benih yang digunakan adalah benih ikan mas koki berukuran 3.5 gram. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah penambahan madu pada pakan dengan dosis 0 mL/kg (A) sebagai kontrol, 150 mL/kg (B), 200 mL/kg (C), 250 mL/kg (D), 300 mL/kg (E). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan madu ke dalam pakan efektif dalam meningkatkan ketahanan tubuh ikan mas koki terhadap serangan Aeromonas hydrophila. Dosis 200 ml/kg pakan memberikan hasil terbaik dalam meningkatkan ketahanan tubuh ikan mas koki terhadap serangan A. hydrophila terlihat dari peningkatan jumlah sel darah putih terbesar (27.84 ± 5.07%), tidak nampak adanya gejala klinis ikan terserang A. hydrophila seperti hemoragi, necrosis, exophthalmia maupun dropsy dan menghasilkan kelangsungan hidup benih ikan mas koki tertinggi yaitu sebesar 73.33 ± 11.5%. Kata kunci: Aeromonas hydrophila, ketahanan tubuh, ikan mas koki, madu, sel darah putih.

Program Kuliah Kerja Nyata Pembelajaran dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (KKN-PPM) ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan perajin jamu tradisional yang berlokasi di Wonolopo, Kecamatan Mijen, Kota Semarang yang ditetapkan sebagai Desa Wisata dan Kampung Tematik Jamu oleh pemerintah Kota Semarang. Secara garis besar pelaksanaan KKN-PPM ini melalaui tahapan persiapan, pelaksanaan, monitoring dan evaluasi. Jumlah mahasiswa peserta KKNPPM dipilih sebanyak 30 orang, berasal dari berbagai program studi yang sesuai dengan bidang keahlian yang dibutuhkan di lapangan. Demikian pula dosen pembimbing lapangan (DPL) dipilih dari dosen yang sesuai dengan bidang keahlian yang relevan. Waktu pelaksanaan KKN-PPM di lapangan selama tiga bulan, yang dalam teknis pelaksanaannya berkoordinasi dengan Pusat Pengembangan KKN LP2M unnes. Kegiatan KKN-PPM ini diterjunkan dua tahap. Tahap pertama sebanyak 15 mahasiswa telah diterjunkan mulai 3 Agustus dan sampai tanggal 20 September 2017, dan tahap kedua telah diterjunkan pada tanggal 21 Oktober 2017. Beberapa luaran atau kegiatan yang telah dilaksanakan adalah: 1) Peningkatan aspek produksi, dengan memberikan bantuan mesin penggiling empon-empon, 2) Pengembangan desain kemasan (ada 9 jenis jamu) sehingga lebih menarik, 3) Peningkatan higienitas dan kesehatan, dengan mendatangkan nara sumber dari Dinas Kesehatan sekaligus untuk mendapatkan PIRT, 4) Perluasan pemasaran produk dengan memperkenalkan ke berbagai kalangan masyarakat, 5) Pendaftaran merek jamu “Sumber Husodo” ke Ditjen KI Kemenkumhan RI, 6) Pembuatan buku Buku Tamu dan Profil Perajin Jamu di Wonolopo, 7) Permintaan lahan kepada Pemkot Semarang seluas 3.000 m2 untuk wisata edukasi kampong jamu Wonolopo, 8) Melakukan inisiasi kerjasama dan studi banding ke industri jamu modern PT. Sido Muncul di Bergas, yang dilaksanakan pada 28 September 2017.

Di antara berbagai jenis makanan ringan, olahan kacang merupakan makanan ringan yang sangat populer bagi segala lapisan masyarakat. Mengingat peluang bisnis aneka snack bahan kacang ini, munculah banyak pelaku usaha yang menekuninya. Dalam kegiatan ini dipilih dua Mita IbM yang menghadapi permasalahan terkait aspek produksi dan manajemen usaha. Tim pelaksana kegiatan ini melibatkan dosen, teknisi, dan mahasiswa dengan bidang keahlian yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan lapangan. Dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan diterapkan beberapa metode yang saling mendukung, antara lain dengan ceramah/penyuluhan untuk materi yang bersifat teori dan motivasi, demonstrasi untuk menyampaikan materi praktik/keterampilan, praktik langsung oleh mitra dan pendampingan kegiatan. Berdasarkan hasil dan luaran yang dicapai, program IbM ini telah berjalan dengan baik dan sesuai dengan target yang telah ditentukan, antara lain: 1) Dapur produksi telah ditata dan dipasang keramik sehingga kelihatan bersih dan tidak becek lagi, 2) Telah dibuatkan dudukan kompor dan wajan sehingga lebih ergonomis, pengoperasian lebih mudah, 3) Telah diberikan bantuan mesin spinner (peniris minyak) sehingga kadar minyak dalam kacang gorengberkurang dan hal ini lebih menyehatkan, 4) Telah dibuatkan rak tempat meletakkan bahan baku maupun hasl produksi, 5) Telah dilakukan pelatihan manajemen usaha dan pemasaran melalui media internet dan media sosial, 6) Telah dilakukan pendampingan promosi dan pemasaran melalui berbagai acara pameran produk UKM (di Java Mall Semarang, dan diJateng Fair), 7) Telah dilakukan uji proksimat untuk mengetahui kadar gizi produk kacang goreng.

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to determine the effective concentration of pandanus Pandanus amaryllifolius leaf extract for the treatment of sangkuriang catfish juvenile infected by Aeromonas hydrophila. The method used in this study was an experimental method with completely randomized design consisted of five treatments and three replications. The treatments were A (control), B (400 mg/L), C (600 mg/L), D (800 mg/L), and E (1000 mg/L) trough immersion for 24 hours through immersion for 24 hours. The fish has infected with A. hydrophila bacteria as much as 20 mL of NaCl/L in 10 L of water medium with a density of 108 CFU/mL through immersion. The observed parameters were clinical symptoms, recovery process, survival rate, and water quality. The results showed that pandanus leaf extract at a concentration of 800 mg/L for 24 hours was effective for treating sangkuriang catfish juvenile that infected by A. hydrophila with a survival rate of 86.67%. Based on the regression analysis, it discovered that the optimum concentration of pandanus leaf extract through immersion for 24 hours was 774.39 mg/L and the predicted survival was 92.16%. Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, catfish fingerlings, effective concentration, infection, pandanus leaf extract ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi yang efektif dari ekstrak daun pandan wangi Pandanus amaryllifolius untuk pengobatan benih lele sangkuriang Clarias gariepinus yang terinfeksi bakteri A. hydrophila. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental rancangan acak lengkap dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan penelitian adalah A (kontrol), B (400 mg/L), C (600 mg/L), D (800 mg/L), dan E (1000 mg/L). Ikan uji diinfeksi bakteri A. hydrophila sebanyak 20 mL NaCl/L dalam 10 L media air dengan kepadatan 108 CFU/mL melalui perendaman selama 24 jam. Parameter yang diamati meliputi gejala klinis, waktu pulih, kelangsungan hidup, dan kualitas air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan ekstrak daun pandan wangi pada konsentrasi 800 mg/L selama 24 jam efektif untuk pengobatan benih lele sangkuriang yang terinfeksi bakteri A. hydrophila dengan tingkat kelangsungan hidup sebesar 86,67%. Berdasarkan analisis regresi diketahui bahwa konsentrasi optimum penggunaan ekstrak daun pandan wangi melalui perendaman selama 24 jam yaitu 774,39 mg/L dan prediksi kelangsungan hidup ikan adalah 92,16%. Kata kunci : Aeromonas hydrophila, benih lele sangkuriang, ekstrak daun pandan, infeksi, efektifitas konsentrasi

Snacks which are most widely consumed by early childhood are biscuits. The conventional raw ingredients of biscuits are varied with yellow corn starch, which contains beta-carotene. The composition of yellow corn biscuit consists of 50% yellow corn starch, 40% wheat flour, and 10% cornstarch, and butter. The use of butter was varied in 25%, 30%, and 35%. An analysis was conducted on its energy content, protein, fat, and beta-carotene, as well as acceptance. The results of the study showed nutrient content was not entirely different from the use of margarine 25% and 35%, the energy was 441-468 kcal, protein was 6.4 to 7.3%, fat was 18.3 to 21.7%, and beta-carotene 2,721 -4,134 g. The energy density of corn biscuits was 3.5 - 3.9 g / 1000 kJ. Yellow corn biscuits were considered as high-energy biscuits (> 400 kcal). The organoleptic test of the biscuits in early childhood conducted on all indicators (color, aroma corn, fragrant aroma, and crispness, sweet and savory taste) showed that the biscuits were categorized as likable. The use of different percentage of margarine is not significant concerning the acceptability of biscuits, except for the aspect of the fragrance and sweetness between the use of margarine 30% to 35%. Industrial-scale production is necessary for the dissemination of the consumption of yellow corn biscuits with margarine 35%, in particular for the early childhood

The study was aimed to investigate the growth inhibiting effect of Plectranthus amboinicus, (Lour.) Spreng n-hexane extract (PAN) in combination with doxorubicin againts HeLa cell Lines, to observe the apoptotic induction and immunocytochemistry of HeLa cell Lines on cyclin D1, Bcl-2, and Cox-2 after treatment of PAN. The percentage viability of the cell were carried out by using MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay. The effect of apoptosis was observed by flowcytometry assay in single dose of PAN. The expression of cyclin D1, Bcl2 and COX-2 proteins were investigated on HeLa cell lines by using immunocytochemistry. The result showed that PAN showed strong synergistic effect with doxorubicin againts HeLa cells based on Combination Index analysis. No significant apoptotic induction of PAN in HeLa cell lines, but the extract caused necrosis. The immunocytochemical study showed suppression of cyclin D1, Bcl2 and COX-2 expression on HeLa cell lines. The results concluded that PAN could be a potential co-chemoterapeutic agent with doxorubicin on cervix cancer cells but need to be explored further by its combination on specific molecular target. Keywords : Plectranthus amboinicus, (Lour.) Spreng., combination, HeLa cell lines

Fish is a perishable food product, so as to be able to maintain the required quality processing. Processing of roasting fish traditionally done by the fishermen and their families in the region Tambakrejo Village Tanjung Mas Semarang. Roasting fish done by grilled over coconut shell charcoal produces less hygienic products. In addition, the resulting smoke spread into the surrounding environment so that the impact on the health of the toaster and the surrounding community. Traditional way of production capacity of 1.5 Kg of fish once baked, so if grilling fish in large numbers takes a long time. Roasting fish with oven roasted made from galvanized plate is advantageous alternative fish processing and environmentally friendly. Oven roast made in the multilevel system (3 level) where each level can accommodate fish from 2 to 2.5 kg of fish slices.

The purpose of this activity is to resolve the problems faced by the industry partner with the business of making tofu and tempeh, which is located in the village of Kenteng, Bandungan subdistrict, Semarang regency. As this activity involves the implementation team of lecturers with expertise appropriate to the needs of the field and assisted students. In the implementation used multiple methods of mutual support, with a practice emphasis directly by partners and mentoring activities. The results of these activities include 1) One unit of soybean grinding machine with an electric motor drive power 1 HP, 2) One unit of soybean crusher drive motor gasoline of 5.5 PK and has a production of capacity of 300 kg / hour, or five times that of soy-solving process manually which is only 60 kg / h, 3) Both the partners I and II have applied with better production management, and a cleaner production equipment, and workers had to use health and safety equipment. Impact activities include economic and non-economic aspects. The economic impact can be measured from the increased productivity and better product quality so as to increase the selling value of products. Non-economic impact can be measured from the comfort of work will also indirectly affect the economic benefits.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah pembelajaran dengan model Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL) berbantuan LKPD tuntas, apakah rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik pada model POGIL berbentuan LKPD lebih tinggi daripada rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik pada pembelajaran konvensional. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan metode tes dan observasi. Analisis data hasil belajar meliputi uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji proporsi, dan uji perbedaan rata-rata. Dari hasil uji ketuntasan belajar diperoleh pembelajaran pada kelas eksperimen tuntas. Dari hasil uji perbedaan dua rata-rata, diperoleh rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol. Simpulan yang diperoleh yaitu pembelajaran dengan model POGIL berbentuan LKPD tuntas, kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik pada model POGIL berbentuan LKPD lebih tinggi daripada kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik pada pembelajaran konvensional. The purpose of this study was to know whether learning model of Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL) can achieve mastery learning, student’s problem-solving ability in learning of POGIL higher than student’s problem-solving ability in conventional learning. The data were obtained by the testing and observation method. The data analysis of learning outcomes included normality test, homogeneity test, proportions test, and mean difference test. From result of mastery learning, showed that learning in experiment group can achieve mastery learning. From result of the average diffrence test, showed that student’s problem-solving ability in experiment group higher than student’s problem-solving ability in control group. The conclusions obtained were learning of POGIL can achieve mastery learning and student’s problem-solving ability in learning of POGIL higher than student’s problem-solving ability in conventional learning.

Utilization of Nypa Fruit Flour (Nyfa Fruticans Wurmb) as an Extender in Urea Formaldehyde Adhesive for Particle Board Nipah fruit (Nyfa Fruticans Wurmb) is a seasonal forest product abundantly produced in each season. Nipah fruit flour is believed to also function as an extender during adhesion process of wood products such as plywoods and particle boards. The study aims to determine the right composition between nipah fruit flour and industrial flour as an extender which, together with urea formaldehyde adhesive, to be applied to particle board. Results revealed that the composition of 50% industrial flour and 50% nipah fruit flour (A3 treatment) gave the highest Modulus of Elasticity (MoE) with value of 16,833.90 kg/cm2 while average value of all treatment was 12,131.41 kg/cm2. The MoE of A3 treatment fulfilled the national standard (SNI) of 15.000 kg/cm2. As for MoE, the composition of A3 (50% industrial flour and 50% nipah fruit flour) was the most efficient mixture in producing the highest MoR with 119.30 kg/cm2. The MoR value for A3 also fulfilled the national standard of 80 kg/cm2. Comparing between treatments, all other treatment gave the MoE value less than reuired by national standard. The particle boards produced by other treatments were easily bent due to high carbohydrate and water content that weaken the elasticity of boards. For MoR character, all treatments gave value as required by national standard (higher than 80 kg/cm2) except treatment A5 which gave the value of less than required (76,36 kg/cm2).

Kegiatan KKN-PPM ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan masyarakat melalui peningkatan produktivitas, kualitas, dan diversifikasi produk pasca panen. Sasaran kegiatan adalah masyarakat di empat kelurahan di kecamatan Gunungpati, yaitu Sukorejo, Kalisegoro, Mangunsari, dan Ngijo. Kegiatan ini melibatkan 68 mahasiswa dari berbagai program studi dan dibimbing oleh tiga dosen pembimbing lapangan (DPL). Kegiatan dimulai pada bulan Agustus hingga Desember 2014. Hasil kegiatan KKN-PPM antara lain adalah1) dihasilkan produk unggulan pada empat kelurahan yang menjadi sasaran kegiatan, yaitu brownies singkong di Kel. Sukorejo, sirup jahe di Kel. Kalisegoro, abon lele di Kel. Mangunsari, dan telur asin di Kel. Ngijo, 2) Pada semua produk yang dihasilkan telah diberi kemasan dan telah dilakukan promosi dan pemasaran, 3) Telah berhasil dibentuk lima Kelompok Pelaku Usaha Mikro (KPUM), yaitu “Sukma” di Kel. Sukorejo, “Sembodo” di. Kel Kalisegoro, “Mangunsari Mandiri” di Kel. Mangunsari, dan “Ngijo Sejahtera” dan “Ngijo Sentosa” di Kel. Ngijo, 4) Produk makanan/minuman yang dibuat telah diajukan/didaftarkan untuk mendapatkan No. P-IRT dari dinas Kesehatan Kota Semarang, dan 5) Kepada semua Kelompok PUM telah diberikan bantuan mesin/peralatan produksi untuk mendukung kelancaran usaha serta telah diajukan bantuan mesin/peralatan ke Bapermas yang akan direalisasikan tahun 2015.Kata kunci: pemberdayaan, produktivitas, kualitas, diversifikasi, pasca panen

Product or service Wira New Business (WUB) generated the students have the advantage of science and technology. Independent entrepreneurs from universities that produce the products / services can be developed through the science and technology-based business consulting to experts, research and laboratories on campus. Readiness is integrated and holistic childbirth entrepreneurs from universities, superior, has a broader and more adaptative insight. Entrepreneurship lecture testruktur, entrepreneurial practices chance divasilitasi Entrepreneurship Student Creativity Program (PKM-K) through a grant to try to try. Student Entrepreneurial Program (PMW) which provide more opportunities, where students who tried because of limited funds got very soft loan (without interest). Useful for students to practice managing capital / funding from outside to study the production, trade, repay, and so on.

Pemerintah daerah mempunyai tanggung jawab terhadap pembangunan daerahnya, sebagaimana undang-undang Otonomi Daerah No.7 tahun 1974 .. Untuk mewujudkannya perlu upaya yang sungguh-sungguh, dengan modal sumber daya yang dimilikinya. Dalam proses pencapaian tujuan tidak lepas dari berbagai persoalanl hambatan. Salah satu hambatan adalah yang terkait dengan SDM (Sumber Daya Manusia), yakni perilaku aparatur pemerintah. Banyak upaya yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kinerja aparatur. Antara lain dengan diagnosa organisasi, analisis sitem dan prosedur. Meskipun demikian, tidak menutup kemungkinan terjadi perilaku aparatur yang counter productive, sehingga menghambat laju perkembangan organisasi. Hal-hal yang nampak dari perilaku tersebut bisa jadi merupakan penyakit organisasi (patologi birokrssi), yang sudah merupakan budaya dalam organisasi tersebut. Melalui tulisan ini akan dikupas beberapa patologi yang kemungkinan muncul dalam birokrasi pemerintahan, antara lain astigmatisme, xenophobia, paranoia, dll.; sebab-sebab terjadinya, bagaimana berproses dalam organisasi publik dan solusi yang ditawarakan serta pendekatan yang bisa diterapkan.