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BACKGROUND: Health care workers (HCWs) in hospitals are at risk of infection with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Prevention measures are necessary to protect HCWs against COVID-19. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the status of occupational risk factors and prevention measures for COVID-19 in hospitals. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Iranian hospitals. Based on the results of reviewing the literature and guidelines, two checklists on occupational risk factors and prevention measures for COVID-19 in hospitals were designed and validated. The status of occupational risk factors and prevention measures against COVID-19 in governmental, non-governmental public, private, and military hospitals were determined using designed checklists. RESULTS: Results confirmed the validity of checklists for assessing the status of COVID-19 prevention measures in hospitals. The military hospitals had the lowest mean risk factors compared to other hospitals, but there was no significant difference in occupational risk factors of infection with COVID-19 among governmental, non-governmental public, private, and military hospitals (P-value > 0.05). In the checklist of occupational risk factors of Covid-19, the type of hospital had a significant relationship with the provision and use of personal protective equipment (P-value<0.05). The mean of implementation of prevention measures among all hospitals were not statistically significant difference (P-value > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The provided checklists could be a suitable tool for monitoring of status of prevention measures for COVID-19 in hospitals. Improving ventilation systems is necessary in most of the hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our study investigates the motion, temperature and volume fraction of a nanofluid that flows at a vertical channel exposed to natural and forced (mixed) convection heat transfer. The distribution function for temperature and volume fraction on the channel's wall is exponential. Nanofluid governing equations have been solved using the radial basis function method. Various parameters, including Grashof number, Brownian motion, thermophoresis parameter, plus distinct states for temperature and volume fraction functions for the channel's wall, have been probed. The results show that increasing the Grashof number by 50% will increase the fluid velocity and temperature by about 41% and 5.7% and decrease the volume fraction by 22%. In addition, it has been proved that doubling the Brownian motion parameter improves the fluid temperature and velocity by 67% and 66% and lowers the volume fraction by 53%. Moreover, increasing the thermophoresis parameter has a similar effect to the Brownian motion parameter. Finally, it has been seen that velocity, temperature and volume fraction functions strongly depend on temperature and volume fraction distribution functions on the channel's wall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Boronic acids and their conjugate esters have been employed in a variety of biomedical applications. This work reports structural, bonding, and thermochemical calculations for the boronic acids, RB(OH)2 (R = H, methyl, phenyl, and ortho-methyl-phenyl) and the corresponding ethylene glycol diesters, RB(−OCH2CH2O−), in the presence of explicit NH3 and/or H2O molecules. Calculations were performed in vacuo and in polarizable continuum model (PCM) aqueous media using density functional theory (DFT) and second-order Moller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) with the Dunning-Woon aug-cc-pVTZ basis set. These results quantify the relative stability of N→B dative-bonded, water-inserted Owater→B (Ow→B) dative-bonded, Zwitterionic, and hydrogen-bonded conformers on the model RB(OH)2⋅NH3⋅H2O and RB(−OCH2CH2O−)⋅NH3⋅H2O potential energy surfaces (PESs). In the PCM aqueous media model, conformers containing an H3N→B dative bond and a water molecule bridging the NH3 and acid/ester moieties were found consistently to be lower in energy than arrangements with either a H3N⋯H(H)Ow→B linkage or Zwitterionic forms, [H4N]+[HOw−BR(OH)2]− or [H4N]+[HOw−BR(−OCH2CH2O−)]−. For the acids, however, conformers with a H3N⋯HOwH moiety hydrogen bonded to the boronate hydroxyl group(s) proved to be lowest in energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: One of the most important fundamental issues in mental health is patients' satisfaction with the beauty of their teeth and their compatibility with complete dentures. Therefore, this study investigated the role of early maladaptive schemas and body image in the level of satisfaction with complete dentures among patients referred to the dental clinic of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz, Iran, in 2021-2022. Methods: The research was a descriptive correlational study. This study's statistical population included all candidates for complete dentures referring to the dental clinic of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz in 2021-22, from among which, 168 people were selected through convenience sampling method. The research tools included the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (YSQ-SF) (1988), Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI) Littleton et al. (2005), and Dental Satisfaction Questionnaire (DSQ) by Davies and Ware (1982). The collected data were analyzed using multiple regression tests in SPSS software. Results: The results showed a relationship between the components of early maladaptive schemas [failure (B = -0.225), defectiveness/shame (B = -0.279), social isolation/alienation (B = 0.278), abandonment/instability (B = 0.331), subjugation (B = -0.264), and dependence/incompetence (B = 0.246)] and the level of satisfaction with complete dentures among the patients (P < 0.05). The results also showed a significant relationship between the components of body image and the level of satisfaction with complete dentures (P < 0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that early maladaptive schemas and body image playa role in the satisfaction level of patients referred to the dental clinic of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the new treatment methods studied and applied by a majority of researchers of autism is body and movement centering methodology. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Kephart's motor-perception skills training on executive functioning of children with autism spectrum disorders. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design applied on two experimental and control groups. The population consisted of all children aged 5-18 years old with autism in Arak city in 2019, 30 of whom were selected through the availability sampling. They were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in Kephart's motorperception skills training during twelve 12 (three sessions per week), each session for two hours, and no intervention was performed in the control group. The instrument was the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF). The data were analyzed using covariance analysis by SPSS software. Testing the hypothesis of the research, the effectiveness of Kephart's motor-perception skills training on executive functioning of children with autism spectrum disorders showed that performing Kephart's training had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on improving the executive functions of children with autism spectrum dysfunction. Therefore, as the students in the upper grades are incompatible with aspects of emotional regulation, this interaction leads to a much greater impact on their emotional problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Human is a social beings and interpersonal relationships are behavioral characteristics affected by several components. This study aimed to examine the relationship between attachment style, and interpersonal relationship with the mediating role of moral identity. Methods: In this study, 200 residents of West Azerbaijan Province, Iran in 2022 were selected by convenience method and completed online attachment style, interpersonal relationship, and moral identity questionnaires. Results: The results of Pearson coefficient and path analysis with SPSS software, version 24 and Amos software showed that secure attachment style has a positive effect on the interpersonal relationship with mediating of moral identity, avoidant and anxious attachment styles have a negative effect on the interpersonal relationships with the mediating of moral identity (P<0.001). Conclusion: According to the results, attachment styles can affect interpersonal relationships, and moral identity is also affected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this study, the heat transfer and temperature distribution in a moving fin have been analyzed. The fin velocity was considered constant, and the thermal conductivity coefficient was variable with temperature, and the fin was under the effect of convection, radiation, and conduction heat transfer. The main equation of the problem was solved by the radial basis function method and validated by the numerical 4th-order Runge-Kutta method. Several parameters such as thermal conductivity parameter from 0 to 1, sink temperature parameter from 0.2 to 0.8, and Nr, Nc, Pe number from 1 to 4, were examined. The outcomes illustrate that increasing the thermal conductivity by 51.5% raises the conduction heat transfers as well as the dimensionless temperature by 3.42%. Moreover, increasing the sink temperature leads to a slow rise in ambient temperature by 22.8% in the maximum state. By raising the Nc and Nr parameters, near 33.3%, the temperature distribution profile is declined by 4% and 10.5%, respectively. And increasing the Pe number by 100% results in a rise in the temperature distribution by about 7%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past 3 decades, approximately three quarter million sites with potential contamination have been reported to federal or state authorities. Of these, about 300,000 sites still need remediation and new contaminated sites continue to appear each year. The most common type of contaminants are heavy metals, solvents and petroleum products. Heavy metals are present in two thirds of Department of Defense (DOD) and superfund sites and about 50% of Department of Energy (DOE) and Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) sites. Heavy metals are the largest class of contaminates and also the most difficult to treat. Heavy metals most frequently found in the waste stream are lead, mercury, chromium, cadmium, arsenic and zinc. This work focuses on the removal of lead, cadmium and the mixture of the two from aqueous solution. Alkali Ash Material Permeable Reactive Barrier (AAM-PRB) is a material developed in our laboratory made with fly ash, alkali activating solution and filler material (sand and coarse aggregates). AAM-PRB was used to remove lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and mixture of two from contamination water. AAM-PRB with high permeability was created. For reactive barrier material permeability, must be rapid, in the range of 10-2 cm/sec to 10-1 cm/sec. AAM - PRB from three ash sources with permeability of 10-1 cm/sec were produced and crushed into pelletized form. Effectiveness of the various barriers was determined by batch and column tests. Laboratory experiment indicates lead and cadmium ion reduces from 1000 ppm to less than 0.5 ppm and lead and cadmium ion from 10 ppm to less than 0.01 ppm after passing through AAMPRB. The removal of the mixture of lead and cadmium from aqueous solutions were also tested by using AAM-PRB. The results indicate that the efficiency of AAM-PRB for simultaneous removal of lead and cadmium were marginally below that of lead alone, but it was significantly lower for cadmium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Islamic work ethics is influenced by several variables, such as some psychological components. In this regard, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship of flexibility and resilience with Islamic work ethics. Methods: The statistical population of the current descriptive-correlational study included all the employees of Shahid Mahallati Hospital in Tabriz in 2019. A total of 200 individuals were selected using nonprobability convenience sampling and answered the questionnaires of resilience, flexibility, and Islamic work ethic. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS software using the Pearson correlation coefficient and regression test. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: As evidenced by the obtained results, Islamic work ethic has a positive significant correlation with the components of resilience (personal competence (P<0.001), confidence in one's instincts (P<0.003), positive acceptance of change and secure relationships (P= 0.001), control and spiritual influences (P<0.004) and the components of flexibility (task flexibility (P<0.008), skill flexibility (P<0.001) and behavioral flexibility (P <0.00)). It was also found that resilience with 60% and flexibility with 45% can predict Islamic ethics among the staff of Shahid Mahallati Hospital in Tabriz. Conclusion: Considering the impact of resilience and flexibility components on Islamic ethics, it can be concluded that people with a high degree of resilience and flexibility demonstrate a stronger tendency and commitment to Islamic ethics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]