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Here, we evaluated how GolS and RfS gene families can potentially assist with grapevine drought tolerance. Through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, we identified a set of putative genes associated with drought response in grapes. The analysis revealed the conservation of key functional domains and conserved motifs within the gene sequences, suggesting their potential involvement in stress adaptation. Additionally, we performed expression analysis of the identified genes under drought stress conditions. Accordingly, the results indicated substantial up-regulation levels in several genes, suggesting their potential importance in how grapevines respond to water scarcity. We explored the co-expression network of these genes and identified possible interactions and regulatory relationships. The findings provide d valuable information on complex regulatory mechanisms underlying drought-response in grapevines. The results bear implications for the genetic improvement of grape varieties, particularly in enhancing drought tolerance. By understanding the genetic basis of the droughtresponse mechanism, we can develop targeted strategies to improve crop management and assist in future attempts to breed grape varieties, emphasizing an enhanced tolerance to water deficits. This study sheds light on the potential roles of the GolS and RfS gene families in grapevine drought tolerance. The findings underscore the importance of genetic adaptation in grapevines to drought stress conditions. The knowledge herein can guide future research and breeding efforts to develop drought-tolerant grape varieties, ultimately contributing to the sustainability of grape production and the agricultural industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brassica napus is a versatile crop with oil and protein-rich seeds, used in food, industry, medicine, and animal feed. However, heat stress limits its productivity, making it essential to identify genes and pathways involved in stress response. We analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in B. napus under heat stress using bioinformatics tools to identify key genes and pathways. Firstly, DEGs were analyzed for gene interactions using the STRING database and visualized using Cytoscape. To identify key genes involved in heat stress response in B .napus L., we employed the CytoHubba tool for hub gene identification. Additionally, we conducted Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses to gain insights into the functional roles and potential biological pathways associated with these genes. We also used MEME Suite to analyze the promoter regions of hub genes. Our results showed decreased activity of the b6-f complex, a key component of the electron transport chain, under heat stress. We also identified significantly enriched calcium transporter ATPase and heat shock protein family (HSP20). KEGG and cluster analyses highlighted the importance of membrane lipids, galactose metabolism, and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum in stress and signal transduction. Our study provided key genes, including transcription factors and chaperones for developing heat-resistant plants via genetic modification. However, these promising results were obtained through rigorous bioinformatics analysis and require further validation using experimental approaches, such as gene editing, phenotypic characterization, and field trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was designed to determine the effects of physical exercise on thrombin time and coagulation time in male rats. Male Wistar rats (n=40) weighing 90-100 gr were divided into two groups; control group (without exercise) and experimental group (exercise). In each group animals were divided into two subgroups: 30 days old rats and 90 days old rats . Blood samples were collected from rat tail tip in several stages as before and after physical exercise from experimental group and control group, to determine of coagulation time. Exercise programs included; swimming on water pool until five minute in experimental groups were performed. All of the rats were done autopsy. Thrombin time was measured for each tissue. Our data showed that in 30 days old rats, physical exercise significantly decreased thrombin time on all of tissues as compared baseline values in control group (P<0.001). In contrast, effect of exercise in 90 days old rats was not showed the same changes. In conclusion, these results suggest that there is a functional relationship between the exercise on changes of haemostatic parameters in different tissues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Healthy diet for maintaining a healthy weight and prevention of chronic disease is vital at all stages of life. The purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional knowledge, attitude, and practice among urban and rural households in Iran. Methods: In this nation-wide study, 14,136 subjects were selected using a multistage cluster sampling method from 31 provinces of Iran. This study was on the households in rural and urban areas in Iran. Participants of this study were mothers or other members who were responsible for preparing meals for the whole family. Data were gathered by the questionnaire and the interview with the qualified person in each family. Results: Frequency of knowledge about food source of calcium was between 11.6 and 64.7 %. Knowing of food source of zinc was about 12.8–16.7 %. Knowledge about of meat as source of iron was 50.9 and 46.5 % in regions of urban and rural, respectively. Positive attitude about preferring to use the full-fat dairy was about 25.1 % and negative attitude about this issue was 71.4 %; the positive attitude was slightly lower in rural areas than in urban areas. Respectively, frequency of using red meat in urban households was 10.8, 73.7, and 15.5 % as daily, weekly and rarely. Frequency of using daily of milk, yogurt and cheese was significantly lower in rural than in urban household. Conclusion: This national study indicates that in some cases there is a gap between knowledge and behavior among household of Iranian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Improper nutritional knowledge is one of the most important causes of nutritional problems, which can affect practice and cause more complications. The aim of this study was to assess the association between nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of Iranian households with socioeconomic status (SES). Methods: The study population was 14,136 households (57 clusters of 8 individuals in each province) who lived in urban and rural regions of 31 provinces of Iran. The sample size of the study was selected using multistage cluster sampling technique. A structured questionnaire and interview with the qualified person in each family was used to collect data. The questionnaire included demographic, SES and nutritional KAP questions. Using principle component analysis, some variables including household assets, occupation and education level of the heads of the families and respondents and the number of family members were used to construct family SES. The SES was categorized as good, moderate and weak. Pearson's Chi-square test was used to analyze categorical variables. Results: The percentage of knowledge about growing up, acquiring energy and being healthy as reasons for eating food was 24.1%, 44.8% and 54.7%, respectively. Only 69.7%, 60.5% and 52.5% of the participants had knowledge of identification of meat and legumes, grain and dairy group, respectively. More than 97% of the participants had a favorable attitude toward importance of nutrition in health. The nutritional knowledge linearly increased with increasing SES. Families with good SES significantly consumed more fruit, vegetable, dairy group, red meat, chicken and poultry, fish and egg while sugar consumption was significantly higher in families with weak SES (p<0.05). Conclusion: SES can influence the rate of nutritional KAP. Some policies should be considered to increase nutritional KAP especially in lower SES group in the society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The objective of this study was to assess side effects and satisfaction about OsteoCalVitFort (500 mg calcium and 400 I.U. of vitamin D3) usage. Methods: A total 186 people were participated with range age from 18 to 65 years old. Each participant received 1 pack that contains 60 OsteoCalVitFort tablet and used two tablet OsteoCalVitFort daily (1 tablet after breakfast and 1 after dinner). By a phone call, side effects and satisfaction about OsteoCalVitFort were assessed. Results: The rate of constipating (8.0%) and bloating (12.5%) were decreased significantly after OsteoCalVitFort supplement intake (1.2%, and 0.6%, respectively). Similar results were observed in metallic taste in mouth, tiredness, weakness, loss of appetite, bone/muscle pain and mental/mood change after Calcium Vitamin D3 supplementation intake. Totally, 94% of patients were satisfied about OsteoCalVitFort usage. Conclusion: The results of the research indicate despite the high quality of OsteoCalVitFort supplement, there are no side effects which have been seen in other supplements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Septimeb as a herbal medicine has regulatory effects on inflammation. This study set to evaluate the effects of Septimeb among patients with sepsis on inflammatory biomarkers and survival rate., Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 51 patients with sepsis from the ICU and medical ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital were divided into two groups: Septimeb (n=25) and control group (n=26). In the control group, the patients received a standard treatment only for 7 days, while Septimeb group received Septimeb (6cc vial with 500cc serum glucose infusion 5% daily for one to two hours) plus standard treatment of sepsis for 7 days. Then, blood samples were analyzed. APACHE (Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation), SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment), and GCS (Glasgow Coma Score) values were calculated daily., Results: Treatment with Septimeb showed a significant decrease in SOFA value (1.54±0.83) compared to the control group (2.39±0.88) (P<0.001) and a significant increase in GCS value (14.46±0.88) compared to the control group (12.86±1.78) (P<0.001). Improvements of these values can confirm the potential of Septimeb in the reduction of severity of sepsis (P<0.05). There were significant decreases in lactate and blood sugar and WBC levels. In addition, inflammatory factors such as ESR (Septimeb group: 52.07±34.80, control group: 51.75±42.10, P=0.98) and CRP (Septimeb group: 48.86±23.21, control group: 49.93±36.22, P=0.92) decreased, but did not show a significant reduction., Conclusion: Septimeb has positive effects on reduction of the severity of sepsis which leads to reduction of patients' mortality rates., Competing Interests: The authors declared no conflict of interest.