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Aims: Diagnosis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) is based on morphological characteristics and the evaluation of disease‐related proteins. However, although broadly applied, substantial bias is imposed by the respective methods, observers and individual staining approaches. We aimed to quantify the protein levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)‐1, (MHC)‐2 and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)‐1 using an automated morphometric method to mitigate bias. Methods: Double immunofluorescence staining was performed on whole muscle sections to study differences in protein expression in myofibre and endomysial vessels. We analysed all IIM subtypes including dermatomyositis (DM), anti‐synthetase syndrome (ASyS), inclusion body myositis (IBM), immune‐mediated‐necrotising myopathy (IMNM), dysferlinopathy (DYSF), SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination‐associated myopathy. Biopsies with neurogenic atrophy (NA) and normal morphology served as controls. Bulk RNA‐Sequencing (RNA‐Seq) was performed on a subset of samples. Results: Our study highlights the significance of MHC‐1, MHC‐2 and ICAM‐1 in diagnosing IIM subtypes and reveals distinct immunological profiles. RNASeq confirmed the precision of our method and identified specific gene pathways in the disease subtypes. Notably, ASyS, DM and SARS‐CoV‐2‐associated myopathy showed increased ICAM‐1 expression in the endomysial capillaries, indicating ICAM‐1‐associated vascular activation in these conditions. In addition, ICAM‐1 showed high discrimination between different subgroups with high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions: Automated morphometric analysis provides precise quantitative data on immune‐associated proteins that can be integrated into our pathophysiological understanding of IIM. Further, ICAM‐1 holds diagnostic value for the detection of IIM pathology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physical interaction platforms (PIPs) such as living labs, innovation hubs and fab labs can play a key role for complex innovation tasks in the context of grand challenges. Although research focuses predominantly on aspects like collaboration within and organization of these spaces, little research has shed light on the development process of the PIP itself. This paper aims to contribute to innovation literature by identifying essential dimensions for the design and sustainable operation of PIPs. We use and transfer conceptual knowledge and empirical evidence in an iterative taxonomy development process. Five iterations were performed: (1) initial screening of PIPs, (2) an expert workshop, systematic literature reviews on (3) platform classifications and (4) on platform‐mediated value creation, and (5) a taxonomy evaluation by practitioners. The resulting PIP taxonomy consists of 18 design dimensions summarized in five groups: physical architecture, platform actors, key‐value propositions, value creation and revenue logic. It contributes with (1) a tangible framework for PIP concept development building on established design dimensions from platform‐, business model‐ and value creation literature. (2) It emphasizes criteria that require thorough reflection in the design phase (e.g., IP rights), enabling practitioners to identify and overcome critical issues early. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores how some children in Denmark, Estonia, Germany and Sweden describe their perspective on learning. The aim of the international study is to gain knowledge of how preschool children in Sweden, Denmark, Estonia and Germany reflect and perceive their learning in preschool and other surrounding social contexts. The results are based on 51 focus group interviews from 181 children. The results indicate that, in general, children from all four countries seem to be aware of their own learning. One can conclude that encouraging children to think about what they are doing and why they are doing it makes the activities more goal-oriented from the children's perspective and thus more conscious. Children are able to describe their own perspectives on learning.

This article explores the distribution and composition of the ferritin complex in the adult brain and its connection to neuroferritinopathy (NF), a type of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA). NF is characterized by symptoms like movement disturbances and tremors. The study identifies a novel variant in the ferritin heavy chain gene (FTH1) that is associated with NF and provides insights into the role of ferritin in both healthy and diseased brains. [Extracted from the article]

This comparative study investigated the perspectives of preschool teachers in Australia, Denmark, Estonia, German, Greece and Sweden about learning and participation in preschool. A structured survey questionnaire investigated four main questions: What situations can be characterised as learning? What activities are important for learning? What are the best conditions for children's learning? How do preschool teachers understand participation in relation to children's learning in preschool? Results suggest that play, interactions with other children and adults, the provision of different activities and teacher support are important for children's learning. While similarities were noted, results indicate some disparity between countries and a further in-depth interview-style study is recommended to provide a deeper understanding of teachers' perspectives and practices around children's learning.

In this article, the author recalls her face-to-face meeting with a prison inmate. Paul Jensen is currently serving a life sentence without parole in South Dakota for a crime committed at age 14. In January 1996, Paul was involved in a robbery that went tragically wrong and resulted in the shooting death of taxi cab driver Michael Hare. Three expert witnesses testified on Paul's behalf, stating that he had many positive qualities and, given the proper support, he could thrive. At the time Paul was convicted, the author was working as a volunteer for Reclaiming Youth. Her heart ached for the family of Michael Hare, but at the same time, also for Paul, the 14 year old boy discarded by the state of South Dakota. She wanted Paul to find hope in what seemed to be a hopeless situation, so she began writing letters to Paul and he wrote back. They exchanged dozens of letters, and then for the author, life got in the way. Sixteen years later a glimmer of hope appeared. In "Miller v. Alabama," the Supreme Court ruled that life without parole for juveniles was unconstitutional. The author, who was now working at Reclaiming Youth International, picked up a pen and began to write to Paul again, after all those years. This article is an account of the author meeting Paul in person at the South Dakota State Penitentiary.