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2. Acute effects of smoke exposure on airway and systemic inflammation in forest firefighters

Author

Gianniou N, Giannakopoulou C, Dima E, Kardara M, Katsaounou P, Tsakatikas A, Roussos C, Koulouris N, and Rovina N

Subjects
Firefighters, acute exposure, airway inflammation, systemic inflammation, allergic sensitization, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Niki Gianniou,1 Charilena Giannakopoulou,2 Efrossini Dima,2 Matina Kardara,3 Paraskevi Katsaounou,1 Alexandros Tsakatikas,4 Charis Roussos,1–3 Nikolaos Koulouris,2 Nikoletta Rovina2 1Pulmonary and Critical Care Department, Evangelismos Hospital, 21st Department of Pulmonary Medicine, “Sotiria” Hospital; Athens Medical School, 3“M. Simos” Laboratories, Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Services, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 4Medical Department, Hellenic Fireforce, Athens, Greece Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess respiratory health and airway and systemic inflammation in professional forest firefighters post firefighting. Methods: A total of 60 firefighters who participated in forest firefighting operations in Greece during 2008 were included in the study. A questionnaire consisting of symptoms and exposure, pulmonary function, atopy, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and markers of inflammation in induced sputum, serum, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was assessed. Results: A measurable eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation was shown to be induced in the bronchial airways after acute exposure during forest firefighting. This was associated with increased respiratory symptoms from the upper and lower respiratory tract and pulmonary function impairment. Additionally, a measurable systemic inflammatory response was demonstrated. This study showed that acute exposure during forest firefighting significantly augments the intensity of airway and systemic inflammation in relation to the baseline inflammatory background due to chronic exposure. Conclusion: The repeated acute exposures during firefighting augment the burden of chronic airway and systemic inflammation and may eventually lead to allergic sensitization of the airways and increased incidence of rhinitis and asthma after prolonged exposure.Keywords: firefighters, acute exposure, airway inflammation, systemic inflammation, allergic sensitization

Published
2018

23. A novel ratio of CD8+:B-cells as a prognostic marker of coronavirus disease 2019 patient progression and outcome

Author

Detsika, M.G. Ampelakiotou, K. Grigoriou, E. Psarra, K. Jahaj, E. Roussos, C. Dimopoulou, I. Orfanos, S.E. Tsirogianni, A. Kotanidou, A.

Abstract

Infection with SARS-COV-2 may result in severe pneumonia potentially leading to mechanical ventilation and intensive care treatment. The aim of the present study was to analyze the immune responses in critically ill coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) patients requiring mechanical ventilation and assess their potential use as markers of clinical progression and outcome. Confirmed COVID-19 patients were grouped into those requiring mechanical ventilation (intubated) and non-intubated. Immune phenotyping was performed and cytokine levels were determined. A novel ratio of CD8+:B cells was significantly lower in intubated versus non-intubated (p = 0.015) and intubated non-survivors (NSV) versus survivors (SV) (p = 0.015). The same ratio correlated with outcome, CRP, IL-6 levels and neutrophil count. Receiving operating curve (ROC) analysis for prediction of requirement of mechanical ventilation by the CD8+:B cells ratio revealed an AUC of 0.747 and a p = 0.007. The ratio of CD8+:B cells may serve as a useful prognostic marker for disease severity and outcome. © 2021

Published
2021

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