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1. Stress Echocardiography in Italian Echocardiographic Laboratories: A Survey of the Italian Society of Echocardiography and Cardiovascular Imaging

Author: Ciampi, Q, Pepi, M, Antonini-Canterin, F, Barbieri, A, Barchitta, A, Faganello, G, Miceli, S, Parato, V, Tota, A, Trocino, G, Abbate, M, Accadia, M, Alemanni, R, Angelini, A, Anglano, F, Anselmi, M, Aquila, I, Aramu, S, Avogadri, E, Azzaro, G, Badano, L, Balducci, A, Ballocca, F, Barbarossa, A, Barbati, G, Barletta, V, Barone, D, Becherini, F, Benfari, G, Beraldi, M, Bergandi, G, Bilardo, G, Binno, S, Bolognesi, M, Bongiovi, S, Bragato, R, Braggion, G, Brancaleoni, R, Bursi, F, Dessalvi, C, Cameli, M, Canu, A, Capitelli, M, Capra, A, Carbonara, R, Carbone, M, Carbonella, M, Carrabba, N, Casavecchia, G, Casula, M, Chesi, E, Cicco, S, Citro, R, Cocchia, R, Colombo, B, Colonna, P, Conte, M, Corrado, G, Cortesi, P, Cortigiani, L, Costantino, M, Cozza, F, Cucchini, U, D'Angelo, M, Da Ros, S, D'Andrea, F, D'Andrea, A, D'Auria, F, De Caridi, G, De Feo, S, De Matteis, G, De Vecchi, S, Del Giudice, C, Dell'Angela, L, Delli Paoli, L, Dentamaro, I, Destefanis, P, Di Bella, G, Di Fulvio, M, Di Gaetano, R, Di Giannuario, G, Di Gioia, A, Di Martino, L, Di Muro, C, Di Nora, C, Di Salvo, G, Dodi, C, Dogliani, S, Donati, F, Dottori, M, Epifani, G, Fabiani, I, Ferrara, F, Ferrara, L, Ferrua, S, Filice, G, Fiorino, M, Forno, D, Garini, A, Giarratana, G, Gigantino, G, Giorgi, M, Giubertoni, E, Greco, C, Grigolato, M, Marra, W, Holzl, A, Iaiza, A, Iannaccone, A, Ilardi, F, Imbalzano, E, Inciardi, R, Inserra, C, Iori, E, Izzo, A, Rosa, G, Labanti, G, Lanzone, A, Lanzoni, L, Lapetina, O, Leiballi, E, Librera, M, Lo Conte, C, Lo Monaco, M, Lombardo, A, Luciani, M, Lusardi, P, Magnante, A, Malagoli, A, Malatesta, G, Mancusi, C, Manes, M, Manganelli, F, Mantovani, F, Manuppelli, V, Marchese, V, Marinacci, L, Mattioli, R, Maurizio, C, Mazza, G, Mazza, S, Melis, M, Meloni, G, Merli, E, Milan, A, Minardi, G, Monaco, A, Monte, I, Montresor, G, Moreo, A, Mori, F, Morini, S, Moro, C, Morrone, D, Negri, F, Nipote, C, Nisi, F, Nocco, S, Novello, L, Nunziata, L, Perini, A, Parodi, A, Pasanisi, E, Pastorini, G, Pavasini, R, Pavoni, D, Pedone, C, Pelliccia, F, Pelliciari, G, Pelloni, E, Pergola, V, Perillo, G, Petruccelli, E, Pezzullo, C, Piacentini, G, Picardi, E, Pinna, G, Pizzarelli, M, Pizzuti, A, Poggi, M, Posteraro, A, Privitera, C, Rampazzo, D, Ratti, C, Rettegno, S, Ricci, F, Ricci, C, Rolando, C, Rossi, S, Rovera, C, Ruggieri, R, Russo, M, Sacchi, N, Saladino, A, Sani, F, Sartori, C, Scarabeo, V, Sciacqua, A, Scillone, A, Scopelliti, P, Scorza, A, Scozzafava, A, Serafini, F, Serra, W, Severino, S, Simeone, B, Sirico, D, Solari, M, Spadaro, G, Stefani, L, Strangio, A, Surace, F, Tamborini, G, Tarquinio, N, Tassone, E, Tavarozzi, I, Tchana, B, Tedesco, G, Tinto, M, Torzillo, D, Totaro, A, Triolo, O, Troisi, F, Tusa, M, Vancheri, F, Varasano, V, Venezia, A, Vermi, A, Villari, B, Zampi, G, Zannoni, J, Zito, C, Zugaro, A, Picano, E, Carerj, S, Ciampi Q., Pepi M., Antonini-Canterin F., Barbieri A., Barchitta A., Faganello G., Miceli S., Parato V. M., Tota A., Trocino G., Abbate M., Accadia M., Alemanni R., Angelini A., Anglano F., Anselmi M., Aquila I., Aramu S., Avogadri E., Azzaro G., Badano L., Balducci A., Ballocca F., Barbarossa A., Barbati G., Barletta V., Barone D., Becherini F., Benfari G., Beraldi M., Bergandi G., Bilardo G., Binno S. M., Bolognesi M., Bongiovi S., Bragato R. M., Braggion G., Brancaleoni R., Bursi F., Dessalvi C. C., Cameli M., Canu A., Capitelli M., Capra A. C. M., Carbonara R., Carbone M., Carbonella M., Carrabba N., Casavecchia G., Casula M., Chesi E., Cicco S., Citro R., Cocchia R., Colombo B. M., Colonna P., Conte M., Corrado G., Cortesi P., Cortigiani L., Costantino M. F., Cozza F., Cucchini U., D'Angelo M., Da Ros S., D'Andrea F., D'Andrea A., D'Auria F., De Caridi G., De Feo S., De Matteis G. M., De Vecchi S., Del Giudice C., Dell'Angela L., Delli Paoli L., Dentamaro I., Destefanis P., Di Bella G., Di Fulvio M., Di Gaetano R., Di Giannuario G., Di Gioia A., Di Martino L. F. M., Di Muro C., Di Nora C., Di Salvo G., Dodi C., Dogliani S., Donati F., Dottori M., Epifani G., Fabiani I., Ferrara F., Ferrara L., Ferrua S., Filice G., Fiorino M., Forno D., Garini A., Giarratana G. A., Gigantino G., Giorgi M., Giubertoni E., Greco C. A., Grigolato M., Marra W. G., Holzl A., Iaiza A., Iannaccone A., Ilardi F., Imbalzano E., Inciardi R. M., Inserra C. A., Iori E., Izzo A., Rosa G. L., Labanti G., Lanzone A. M., Lanzoni L., Lapetina O., Leiballi E., Librera M., Lo Conte C., Lo Monaco M., Lombardo A., Luciani M., Lusardi P., Magnante A., Malagoli A., Malatesta G., Mancusi C., Manes M. T., Manganelli F., Mantovani F., Manuppelli V., Marchese V., Marinacci L., Mattioli R., Maurizio C., Mazza G. A., Mazza S., Melis M., Meloni G., Merli E., Milan A., Minardi G., Monaco A., Monte I., Montresor G., Moreo A., Mori F., Morini S., Moro C., Morrone D., Negri F., Nipote C., Nisi F., Nocco S., Novello L., Nunziata L., Perini A. P., Parodi A., Pasanisi E. M., Pastorini G., Pavasini R., Pavoni D., Pedone C., Pelliccia F., Pelliciari G., Pelloni E., Pergola V., Perillo G., Petruccelli E., Pezzullo C., Piacentini G., Picardi E., Pinna G., Pizzarelli M., Pizzuti A., Poggi M. M., Posteraro A., Privitera C., Rampazzo D., Ratti C., Rettegno S., Ricci F., Ricci C., Rolando C., Rossi S., Rovera C., Ruggieri R., Russo M. G., Sacchi N., Saladino A., Sani F., Sartori C., Scarabeo V., Sciacqua A., Scillone A., Scopelliti P. A., Scorza A., Scozzafava A., Serafini F., Serra W., Severino S., Simeone B., Sirico D., Solari M., Spadaro G. L., Stefani L., Strangio A., Surace F. C., Tamborini G., Tarquinio N., Tassone E. J., Tavarozzi I., Tchana B., Tedesco G., Tinto M., Torzillo D., Totaro A., Triolo O. F., Troisi F., Tusa M., Vancheri F., Varasano V., Venezia A., Vermi A. C., Villari B., Zampi G., Zannoni J., Zito C., Zugaro A., Picano E., Carerj S., Ciampi, Q, Pepi, M, Antonini-Canterin, F, Barbieri, A, Barchitta, A, Faganello, G, Miceli, S, Parato, V, Tota, A, Trocino, G, Abbate, M, Accadia, M, Alemanni, R, Angelini, A, Anglano, F, Anselmi, M, Aquila, I, Aramu, S, Avogadri, E, Azzaro, G, Badano, L, Balducci, A, Ballocca, F, Barbarossa, A, Barbati, G, Barletta, V, Barone, D, Becherini, F, Benfari, G, Beraldi, M, Bergandi, G, Bilardo, G, Binno, S, Bolognesi, M, Bongiovi, S, Bragato, R, Braggion, G, Brancaleoni, R, Bursi, F, Dessalvi, C, Cameli, M, Canu, A, Capitelli, M, Capra, A, Carbonara, R, Carbone, M, Carbonella, M, Carrabba, N, Casavecchia, G, Casula, M, Chesi, E, Cicco, S, Citro, R, Cocchia, R, Colombo, B, Colonna, P, Conte, M, Corrado, G, Cortesi, P, Cortigiani, L, Costantino, M, Cozza, F, Cucchini, U, D'Angelo, M, Da Ros, S, D'Andrea, F, D'Andrea, A, D'Auria, F, De Caridi, G, De Feo, S, De Matteis, G, De Vecchi, S, Del Giudice, C, Dell'Angela, L, Delli Paoli, L, Dentamaro, I, Destefanis, P, Di Bella, G, Di Fulvio, M, Di Gaetano, R, Di Giannuario, G, Di Gioia, A, Di Martino, L, Di Muro, C, Di Nora, C, Di Salvo, G, Dodi, C, Dogliani, S, Donati, F, Dottori, M, Epifani, G, Fabiani, I, Ferrara, F, Ferrara, L, Ferrua, S, Filice, G, Fiorino, M, Forno, D, Garini, A, Giarratana, G, Gigantino, G, Giorgi, M, Giubertoni, E, Greco, C, Grigolato, M, Marra, W, Holzl, A, Iaiza, A, Iannaccone, A, Ilardi, F, Imbalzano, E, Inciardi, R, Inserra, C, Iori, E, Izzo, A, Rosa, G, Labanti, G, Lanzone, A, Lanzoni, L, Lapetina, O, Leiballi, E, Librera, M, Lo Conte, C, Lo Monaco, M, Lombardo, A, Luciani, M, Lusardi, P, Magnante, A, Malagoli, A, Malatesta, G, Mancusi, C, Manes, M, Manganelli, F, Mantovani, F, Manuppelli, V, Marchese, V, Marinacci, L, Mattioli, R, Maurizio, C, Mazza, G, Mazza, S, Melis, M, Meloni, G, Merli, E, Milan, A, Minardi, G, Monaco, A, Monte, I, Montresor, G, Moreo, A, Mori, F, Morini, S, Moro, C, Morrone, D, Negri, F, Nipote, C, Nisi, F, Nocco, S, Novello, L, Nunziata, L, Perini, A, Parodi, A, Pasanisi, E, Pastorini, G, Pavasini, R, Pavoni, D, Pedone, C, Pelliccia, F, Pelliciari, G, Pelloni, E, Pergola, V, Perillo, G, Petruccelli, E, Pezzullo, C, Piacentini, G, Picardi, E, Pinna, G, Pizzarelli, M, Pizzuti, A, Poggi, M, Posteraro, A, Privitera, C, Rampazzo, D, Ratti, C, Rettegno, S, Ricci, F, Ricci, C, Rolando, C, Rossi, S, Rovera, C, Ruggieri, R, Russo, M, Sacchi, N, Saladino, A, Sani, F, Sartori, C, Scarabeo, V, Sciacqua, A, Scillone, A, Scopelliti, P, Scorza, A, Scozzafava, A, Serafini, F, Serra, W, Severino, S, Simeone, B, Sirico, D, Solari, M, Spadaro, G, Stefani, L, Strangio, A, Surace, F, Tamborini, G, Tarquinio, N, Tassone, E, Tavarozzi, I, Tchana, B, Tedesco, G, Tinto, M, Torzillo, D, Totaro, A, Triolo, O, Troisi, F, Tusa, M, Vancheri, F, Varasano, V, Venezia, A, Vermi, A, Villari, B, Zampi, G, Zannoni, J, Zito, C, Zugaro, A, Picano, E, Carerj, S, Ciampi Q., Pepi M., Antonini-Canterin F., Barbieri A., Barchitta A., Faganello G., Miceli S., Parato V. M., Tota A., Trocino G., Abbate M., Accadia M., Alemanni R., Angelini A., Anglano F., Anselmi M., Aquila I., Aramu S., Avogadri E., Azzaro G., Badano L., Balducci A., Ballocca F., Barbarossa A., Barbati G., Barletta V., Barone D., Becherini F., Benfari G., Beraldi M., Bergandi G., Bilardo G., Binno S. M., Bolognesi M., Bongiovi S., Bragato R. M., Braggion G., Brancaleoni R., Bursi F., Dessalvi C. C., Cameli M., Canu A., Capitelli M., Capra A. C. M., Carbonara R., Carbone M., Carbonella M., Carrabba N., Casavecchia G., Casula M., Chesi E., Cicco S., Citro R., Cocchia R., Colombo B. M., Colonna P., Conte M., Corrado G., Cortesi P., Cortigiani L., Costantino M. F., Cozza F., Cucchini U., D'Angelo M., Da Ros S., D'Andrea F., D'Andrea A., D'Auria F., De Caridi G., De Feo S., De Matteis G. M., De Vecchi S., Del Giudice C., Dell'Angela L., Delli Paoli L., Dentamaro I., Destefanis P., Di Bella G., Di Fulvio M., Di Gaetano R., Di Giannuario G., Di Gioia A., Di Martino L. F. M., Di Muro C., Di Nora C., Di Salvo G., Dodi C., Dogliani S., Donati F., Dottori M., Epifani G., Fabiani I., Ferrara F., Ferrara L., Ferrua S., Filice G., Fiorino M., Forno D., Garini A., Giarratana G. A., Gigantino G., Giorgi M., Giubertoni E., Greco C. A., Grigolato M., Marra W. G., Holzl A., Iaiza A., Iannaccone A., Ilardi F., Imbalzano E., Inciardi R. M., Inserra C. A., Iori E., Izzo A., Rosa G. L., Labanti G., Lanzone A. M., Lanzoni L., Lapetina O., Leiballi E., Librera M., Lo Conte C., Lo Monaco M., Lombardo A., Luciani M., Lusardi P., Magnante A., Malagoli A., Malatesta G., Mancusi C., Manes M. T., Manganelli F., Mantovani F., Manuppelli V., Marchese V., Marinacci L., Mattioli R., Maurizio C., Mazza G. A., Mazza S., Melis M., Meloni G., Merli E., Milan A., Minardi G., Monaco A., Monte I., Montresor G., Moreo A., Mori F., Morini S., Moro C., Morrone D., Negri F., Nipote C., Nisi F., Nocco S., Novello L., Nunziata L., Perini A. P., Parodi A., Pasanisi E. M., Pastorini G., Pavasini R., Pavoni D., Pedone C., Pelliccia F., Pelliciari G., Pelloni E., Pergola V., Perillo G., Petruccelli E., Pezzullo C., Piacentini G., Picardi E., Pinna G., Pizzarelli M., Pizzuti A., Poggi M. M., Posteraro A., Privitera C., Rampazzo D., Ratti C., Rettegno S., Ricci F., Ricci C., Rolando C., Rossi S., Rovera C., Ruggieri R., Russo M. G., Sacchi N., Saladino A., Sani F., Sartori C., Scarabeo V., Sciacqua A., Scillone A., Scopelliti P. A., Scorza A., Scozzafava A., Serafini F., Serra W., Severino S., Simeone B., Sirico D., Solari M., Spadaro G. L., Stefani L., Strangio A., Surace F. C., Tamborini G., Tarquinio N., Tassone E. J., Tavarozzi I., Tchana B., Tedesco G., Tinto M., Torzillo D., Totaro A., Triolo O. F., Troisi F., Tusa M., Vancheri F., Varasano V., Venezia A., Vermi A. C., Villari B., Zampi G., Zannoni J., Zito C., Zugaro A., Picano E., and Carerj S.
Abstract: Background: The Italian Society of Echography and Cardiovascular Imaging (SIECVI) conducted a national survey to understand the volumes of activity, modalities and stressors used during stress echocardiography (SE) in Italy. Methods: We analyzed echocardiography laboratory activities over a month (November 2022). Data were retrieved through an electronic survey based on a structured questionnaire, uploaded on the SIECVI website. Results: Data were obtained from 228 echocardiographic laboratories, and SE examinations were performed in 179 centers (80.6%): 87 centers (47.5%) were in the northern regions of Italy, 33 centers (18.4%) were in the central regions, and 61 (34.1%) in the southern regions. We annotated a total of 4057 SE. We divided the SE centers into three groups, according to the numbers of SE performed: <10 SE (low-volume activity, 40 centers), between 10 and 39 SE (moderate volume activity, 102 centers) and ≥40 SE (high volume activity, 37 centers). Dipyridamole was used in 139 centers (77.6%); exercise in 120 centers (67.0%); dobutamine in 153 centers (85.4%); pacing in 37 centers (21.1%); and adenosine in 7 centers (4.0%). We found a significant difference between the stressors used and volume of activity of the centers, with a progressive increase in the prevalence of number of stressors from low to high volume activity (P = 0.033). The traditional evaluation of regional wall motion of the left ventricle was performed in all centers, with combined assessment of coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) in 90 centers (50.3%): there was a significant difference in the centers with different volume of SE activity: the incidence of analysis of CFVR was significantly higher in high volume centers compared to low - moderate - volume (32.5%, 41.0% and 73.0%, respectively, P < 0.001). The lung ultrasound (LUS) was assessed in 67 centers (37.4%). Furthermore for LUS, we found a significant difference in the centers with different volume of SE activity: sign
Published: 2023

2. Organization and Activity of Italian Echocardiographic Laboratories: A Survey of the Italian Society of Echocardiography and Cardiovascular Imaging

Author: Ciampi, Q, Pepi, M, Antonini-Canterin, F, Barbieri, A, Barchitta, A, Faganello, G, Miceli, S, Parato, V, Tota, A, Trocino, G, Abbate, M, Accadia, M, Alemanni, R, Angelini, A, Anglano, F, Anselmi, M, Aquila, I, Aramu, S, Avogadri, E, Azzaro, G, Badano, L, Balducci, A, Ballocca, F, Barbarossa, A, Barbati, G, Barletta, V, Barone, D, Becherini, F, Benfari, G, Beraldi, M, Bergandi, G, Bilardo, G, Binno, S, Bolognesi, M, Bongiovi, S, Bragato, R, Braggion, G, Brancaleoni, R, Bursi, F, Dessalvi, C, Cameli, M, Canu, A, Capitelli, M, Capra, A, Carbonara, R, Carbone, M, Carbonella, M, Carrabba, N, Casavecchia, G, Casula, M, Chesi, E, Cicco, S, Citro, R, Cocchia, R, Colombo, B, Colonna, P, Conte, M, Corrado, G, Cortesi, P, Cortigiani, L, Costantino, M, Cozza, F, Cucchini, U, D'Angelo, M, Ros, S, D'Andrea, F, D'Andrea, A, D'Auria, F, De Caridi, G, De Feo, S, De Matteis, G, De Vecchi, S, Del Giudice, C, Dell'Angela, L, Delli Paoli, L, Dentamaro, I, Destefanis, P, Di Fulvio, M, Di Gaetano, R, Di Giannuario, G, Di Gioia, A, Di Martino, L, Di Muro, C, Di Nora, C, Di Salvo, G, Dodi, C, Dogliani, S, Donati, F, Dottori, M, Epifani, G, Fabiani, I, Ferrara, F, Ferrara, L, Ferrua, S, Filice, G, Fiorino, M, Forno, D, Garini, A, Giarratana, G, Gigantino, G, Giorgi, M, Giubertoni, E, Greco, C, Grigolato, M, Marra, W, Holzl, A, Iaiza, A, Iannaccone, A, Ilardi, F, Imbalzano, E, Inciardi, R, Inserra, C, Iori, E, Izzo, A, La Rosa, G, Labanti, G, Lanzone, A, Lanzoni, L, Lapetina, O, Leiballi, E, Librera, M, Lo Conte, C, Lo Monaco, M, Lombardo, A, Luciani, M, Lusardi, P, Magnante, A, Malagoli, A, Malatesta, G, Mancusi, C, Manes, M, Manganelli, F, Mantovani, F, Manuppelli, V, Marchese, V, Marinacci, L, Mattioli, R, Maurizio, C, Mazza, G, Mazza, S, Melis, M, Meloni, G, Merli, E, Milan, A, Minardi, G, Monaco, A, Monte, I, Montresor, G, Moreo, A, Mori, F, Morini, S, Moro, C, Morrone, D, Negri, F, Nipote, C, Nisi, F, Nocco, S, Novello, L, Nunziata, L, Perini, A, Parodi, A, Pasanisi, E, Pastorini, G, Pavasini, R, Pavoni, D, Pedone, C, Pelliccia, F, Pelliciari, G, Pelloni, E, Pergola, V, Perillo, G, Petruccelli, E, Pezzullo, C, Piacentini, G, Picardi, E, Pinna, G, Pizzarelli, M, Pizzuti, A, Poggi, M, Posteraro, A, Privitera, C, Rampazzo, D, Ratti, C, Rettegno, S, Ricci, F, Ricci, C, Rolando, C, Rossi, S, Rovera, C, Ruggieri, R, Russo, M, Sacchi, N, Saladino, A, Sani, F, Sartori, C, Scarabeo, V, Sciacqua, A, Scillone, A, Scopelliti, P, Scorza, A, Scozzafava, A, Serafini, F, Serra, W, Severino, S, Simeone, B, Sirico, D, Solari, M, Spadaro, G, Stefani, L, Strangio, A, Surace, F, Tamborini, G, Tarquinio, N, Tassone, E, Tavarozzi, I, Tchana, B, Tedesco, G, Tinto, M, Torzillo, D, Totaro, A, Triolo, O, Troisi, F, Tusa, M, Vancheri, F, Varasano, V, Venezia, A, Vermi, A, Villari, B, Zampi, G, Zannoni, J, Zito, C, Zugaro, A, Di Bella, G, Carerj, S, Ciampi Q., Pepi M., Antonini-Canterin F., Barbieri A., Barchitta A., Faganello G., Miceli S., Parato V. M., Tota A., Trocino G., Abbate M., Accadia M., Alemanni R., Angelini A., Anglano F., Anselmi M., Aquila I., Aramu S., Avogadri E., Azzaro G., Badano L., Balducci A., Ballocca F., Barbarossa A., Barbati G., Barletta V., Barone D., Becherini F., Benfari G., Beraldi M., Bergandi G., Bilardo G., Binno S. M., Bolognesi M., Bongiovi S., Bragato R. M., Braggion G., Brancaleoni R., Bursi F., Dessalvi C. C., Cameli M., Canu A., Capitelli M., Capra A. C. M., Carbonara R., Carbone M., Carbonella M., Carrabba N., Casavecchia G., Casula M., Chesi E., Cicco S., Citro R., Cocchia R., Colombo B. M., Colonna P., Conte M., Corrado G., Cortesi P., Cortigiani L., Costantino M. F., Cozza F., Cucchini U., D'Angelo M., Ros S. D., D'Andrea F., D'Andrea A., D'Auria F., De Caridi G., De Feo S., De Matteis G. M., De Vecchi S., Del Giudice C., Dell'Angela L., Delli Paoli L., Dentamaro I., Destefanis P., Di Fulvio M., Di Gaetano R., Di Giannuario G., Di Gioia A., Di Martino L. F. M., Di Muro C., Di Nora C., Di Salvo G., Dodi C., Dogliani S., Donati F., Dottori M., Epifani G., Fabiani I., Ferrara F., Ferrara L., Ferrua S., Filice G., Fiorino M., Forno D., Garini A., Giarratana G. A., Gigantino G., Giorgi M., Giubertoni E., Greco C. A., Grigolato M., Marra W. G., Holzl A., Iaiza A., Iannaccone A., Ilardi F., Imbalzano E., Inciardi R., Inserra C. A., Iori E., Izzo A., La Rosa G., Labanti G., Lanzone A. M., Lanzoni L., Lapetina O., Leiballi E., Librera M., Lo Conte C., Lo Monaco M., Lombardo A., Luciani M., Lusardi P., Magnante A., Malagoli A., Malatesta G., Mancusi C., Manes M. T., Manganelli F., Mantovani F., Manuppelli V., Marchese V., Marinacci L., Mattioli R., Maurizio C., Mazza G. A., Mazza S., Melis M., Meloni G., Merli E., Milan A., Minardi G., Monaco A., Monte I., Montresor G., Moreo A., Mori F., Morini S., Moro C., Morrone D., Negri F., Nipote C., Nisi F., Nocco S., Novello L., Nunziata L., Perini A. P., Parodi A., Pasanisi E. M., Pastorini G., Pavasini R., Pavoni D., Pedone C., Pelliccia F., Pelliciari G., Pelloni E., Pergola V., Perillo G., Petruccelli E., Pezzullo C., Piacentini G., Picardi E., Pinna G., Pizzarelli M., Pizzuti A., Poggi M. M., Posteraro A., Privitera C., Rampazzo D., Ratti C., Rettegno S., Ricci F., Ricci C., Rolando C., Rossi S., Rovera C., Ruggieri R., Russo M. G., Sacchi N., Saladino A., Sani F., Sartori C., Scarabeo V., Sciacqua A., Scillone A., Scopelliti P. A., Scorza A., Scozzafava A., Serafini F., Serra W., Severino S., Simeone B., Sirico D., Solari M., Spadaro G. L., Stefani L., Strangio A., Surace F. C., Tamborini G., Tarquinio N., Tassone E. J., Tavarozzi I., Tchana B., Tedesco G., Tinto M., Torzillo D., Totaro A., Triolo O. F., Troisi F., Tusa M., Vancheri F., Varasano V., Venezia A., Vermi A. C., Villari B., Zampi G., Zannoni J., Zito C., Zugaro A., Di Bella G., Carerj S., Ciampi, Q, Pepi, M, Antonini-Canterin, F, Barbieri, A, Barchitta, A, Faganello, G, Miceli, S, Parato, V, Tota, A, Trocino, G, Abbate, M, Accadia, M, Alemanni, R, Angelini, A, Anglano, F, Anselmi, M, Aquila, I, Aramu, S, Avogadri, E, Azzaro, G, Badano, L, Balducci, A, Ballocca, F, Barbarossa, A, Barbati, G, Barletta, V, Barone, D, Becherini, F, Benfari, G, Beraldi, M, Bergandi, G, Bilardo, G, Binno, S, Bolognesi, M, Bongiovi, S, Bragato, R, Braggion, G, Brancaleoni, R, Bursi, F, Dessalvi, C, Cameli, M, Canu, A, Capitelli, M, Capra, A, Carbonara, R, Carbone, M, Carbonella, M, Carrabba, N, Casavecchia, G, Casula, M, Chesi, E, Cicco, S, Citro, R, Cocchia, R, Colombo, B, Colonna, P, Conte, M, Corrado, G, Cortesi, P, Cortigiani, L, Costantino, M, Cozza, F, Cucchini, U, D'Angelo, M, Ros, S, D'Andrea, F, D'Andrea, A, D'Auria, F, De Caridi, G, De Feo, S, De Matteis, G, De Vecchi, S, Del Giudice, C, Dell'Angela, L, Delli Paoli, L, Dentamaro, I, Destefanis, P, Di Fulvio, M, Di Gaetano, R, Di Giannuario, G, Di Gioia, A, Di Martino, L, Di Muro, C, Di Nora, C, Di Salvo, G, Dodi, C, Dogliani, S, Donati, F, Dottori, M, Epifani, G, Fabiani, I, Ferrara, F, Ferrara, L, Ferrua, S, Filice, G, Fiorino, M, Forno, D, Garini, A, Giarratana, G, Gigantino, G, Giorgi, M, Giubertoni, E, Greco, C, Grigolato, M, Marra, W, Holzl, A, Iaiza, A, Iannaccone, A, Ilardi, F, Imbalzano, E, Inciardi, R, Inserra, C, Iori, E, Izzo, A, La Rosa, G, Labanti, G, Lanzone, A, Lanzoni, L, Lapetina, O, Leiballi, E, Librera, M, Lo Conte, C, Lo Monaco, M, Lombardo, A, Luciani, M, Lusardi, P, Magnante, A, Malagoli, A, Malatesta, G, Mancusi, C, Manes, M, Manganelli, F, Mantovani, F, Manuppelli, V, Marchese, V, Marinacci, L, Mattioli, R, Maurizio, C, Mazza, G, Mazza, S, Melis, M, Meloni, G, Merli, E, Milan, A, Minardi, G, Monaco, A, Monte, I, Montresor, G, Moreo, A, Mori, F, Morini, S, Moro, C, Morrone, D, Negri, F, Nipote, C, Nisi, F, Nocco, S, Novello, L, Nunziata, L, Perini, A, Parodi, A, Pasanisi, E, Pastorini, G, Pavasini, R, Pavoni, D, Pedone, C, Pelliccia, F, Pelliciari, G, Pelloni, E, Pergola, V, Perillo, G, Petruccelli, E, Pezzullo, C, Piacentini, G, Picardi, E, Pinna, G, Pizzarelli, M, Pizzuti, A, Poggi, M, Posteraro, A, Privitera, C, Rampazzo, D, Ratti, C, Rettegno, S, Ricci, F, Ricci, C, Rolando, C, Rossi, S, Rovera, C, Ruggieri, R, Russo, M, Sacchi, N, Saladino, A, Sani, F, Sartori, C, Scarabeo, V, Sciacqua, A, Scillone, A, Scopelliti, P, Scorza, A, Scozzafava, A, Serafini, F, Serra, W, Severino, S, Simeone, B, Sirico, D, Solari, M, Spadaro, G, Stefani, L, Strangio, A, Surace, F, Tamborini, G, Tarquinio, N, Tassone, E, Tavarozzi, I, Tchana, B, Tedesco, G, Tinto, M, Torzillo, D, Totaro, A, Triolo, O, Troisi, F, Tusa, M, Vancheri, F, Varasano, V, Venezia, A, Vermi, A, Villari, B, Zampi, G, Zannoni, J, Zito, C, Zugaro, A, Di Bella, G, Carerj, S, Ciampi Q., Pepi M., Antonini-Canterin F., Barbieri A., Barchitta A., Faganello G., Miceli S., Parato V. M., Tota A., Trocino G., Abbate M., Accadia M., Alemanni R., Angelini A., Anglano F., Anselmi M., Aquila I., Aramu S., Avogadri E., Azzaro G., Badano L., Balducci A., Ballocca F., Barbarossa A., Barbati G., Barletta V., Barone D., Becherini F., Benfari G., Beraldi M., Bergandi G., Bilardo G., Binno S. M., Bolognesi M., Bongiovi S., Bragato R. M., Braggion G., Brancaleoni R., Bursi F., Dessalvi C. C., Cameli M., Canu A., Capitelli M., Capra A. C. M., Carbonara R., Carbone M., Carbonella M., Carrabba N., Casavecchia G., Casula M., Chesi E., Cicco S., Citro R., Cocchia R., Colombo B. M., Colonna P., Conte M., Corrado G., Cortesi P., Cortigiani L., Costantino M. F., Cozza F., Cucchini U., D'Angelo M., Ros S. D., D'Andrea F., D'Andrea A., D'Auria F., De Caridi G., De Feo S., De Matteis G. M., De Vecchi S., Del Giudice C., Dell'Angela L., Delli Paoli L., Dentamaro I., Destefanis P., Di Fulvio M., Di Gaetano R., Di Giannuario G., Di Gioia A., Di Martino L. F. M., Di Muro C., Di Nora C., Di Salvo G., Dodi C., Dogliani S., Donati F., Dottori M., Epifani G., Fabiani I., Ferrara F., Ferrara L., Ferrua S., Filice G., Fiorino M., Forno D., Garini A., Giarratana G. A., Gigantino G., Giorgi M., Giubertoni E., Greco C. A., Grigolato M., Marra W. G., Holzl A., Iaiza A., Iannaccone A., Ilardi F., Imbalzano E., Inciardi R., Inserra C. A., Iori E., Izzo A., La Rosa G., Labanti G., Lanzone A. M., Lanzoni L., Lapetina O., Leiballi E., Librera M., Lo Conte C., Lo Monaco M., Lombardo A., Luciani M., Lusardi P., Magnante A., Malagoli A., Malatesta G., Mancusi C., Manes M. T., Manganelli F., Mantovani F., Manuppelli V., Marchese V., Marinacci L., Mattioli R., Maurizio C., Mazza G. A., Mazza S., Melis M., Meloni G., Merli E., Milan A., Minardi G., Monaco A., Monte I., Montresor G., Moreo A., Mori F., Morini S., Moro C., Morrone D., Negri F., Nipote C., Nisi F., Nocco S., Novello L., Nunziata L., Perini A. P., Parodi A., Pasanisi E. M., Pastorini G., Pavasini R., Pavoni D., Pedone C., Pelliccia F., Pelliciari G., Pelloni E., Pergola V., Perillo G., Petruccelli E., Pezzullo C., Piacentini G., Picardi E., Pinna G., Pizzarelli M., Pizzuti A., Poggi M. M., Posteraro A., Privitera C., Rampazzo D., Ratti C., Rettegno S., Ricci F., Ricci C., Rolando C., Rossi S., Rovera C., Ruggieri R., Russo M. G., Sacchi N., Saladino A., Sani F., Sartori C., Scarabeo V., Sciacqua A., Scillone A., Scopelliti P. A., Scorza A., Scozzafava A., Serafini F., Serra W., Severino S., Simeone B., Sirico D., Solari M., Spadaro G. L., Stefani L., Strangio A., Surace F. C., Tamborini G., Tarquinio N., Tassone E. J., Tavarozzi I., Tchana B., Tedesco G., Tinto M., Torzillo D., Totaro A., Triolo O. F., Troisi F., Tusa M., Vancheri F., Varasano V., Venezia A., Vermi A. C., Villari B., Zampi G., Zannoni J., Zito C., Zugaro A., Di Bella G., and Carerj S.
Abstract: Background: The Italian Society of Echocardiography and Cardiovascular Imaging (SIECVI) conducted a national survey to understand better how different echocardiographic modalities are used and accessed in Italy. Methods: We analyzed echocardiography laboratory activities over a month (November 2022). Data were retrieved via an electronic survey based on a structured questionnaire, uploaded on the SIECVI website. Results: Data were obtained from 228 echocardiographic laboratories: 112 centers (49%) in the northern, 43 centers (19%) in the central, and 73 (32%) in the southern regions. During the month of observation, we collected 101,050 transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) examinations performed in all centers. As concern other modalities there were performed 5497 transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) examinations in 161/228 centers (71%); 4057 stress echocardiography (SE) examinations in 179/228 centers (79%); and examinations with ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) in 151/228 centers (66%). We did not find significant regional variations between the different modalities. The usage of picture archiving and communication system (PACS) was significantly higher in the northern (84%) versus central (49%) and southern (45%) centers (P < 0.001). Lung ultrasound (LUS) was performed in 154 centers (66%), without difference between cardiology and noncardiology centers. The evaluation of left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction was evaluated mainly using the qualitative method in 223 centers (94%), occasionally with the Simpson method in 193 centers (85%), and with selective use of the three-dimensional (3D) method in only 23 centers (10%). 3D TTE was present in 137 centers (70%), and 3D TEE in all centers where TEE was done (71%). The assessment of LV diastolic function was done routinely in 80% of the centers. Right ventricular function was evaluated using tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion in all centers, using tricuspid valve annular systolic velocity by tissue
Published: 2023

3. The Role Of CCTA In The Management Of Coronary Artery Aneurysm

Author: Rovera, C., primary, Iancu, D., additional, Bisanti, F., additional, and Moretti, C., additional
Published: 2024
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4. Structural and metabolic differentiation between bipolar disorder with psychosis and substance-induced psychosis: An integrated MRI/PET study

Author: Altamura, A.C., Delvecchio, G., Marotta, G., Oldani, L., Pigoni, A., Ciappolino, V., Caletti, E., Rovera, C., Dobrea, C., Arici, C., Benatti, B., Camuri, G., Prunas, C., Paoli, R.A., Dell’osso, B., Cinnante, C., Triulzi, F.M., and Brambilla, P.
Published: 2017
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5. Extraction of high-quality grade cellulose and cellulose nanocrystals from different lignocellulosic agri-food wastes

Author: Rovera, C., Carullo, D., Bellesia, T., Büyüktaş, D., Ghaani, M., Caneva, E., and Farris, S.
Subjects: Global and Planetary Change, top-down approach, Ecology, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Horticulture, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, yield, atomic force microscopy (AFM), crystallinity, valorization, Settore AGR/15 - Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari, Agronomy and Crop Science, Food Science
Published: 2023
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6. Aggression and psychopharmacological treatments in major psychosis and personality disorders during hospitalisation

Author: Mauri, M.C., Rovera, C., Paletta, S., De Gaspari, I.F., Maffini, M., and Altamura, A.C.
Published: 2011
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7. Left atrial function after atrial fibrillation cryoablation concomitant to minimally invasive mitral valve repair: A pilot study on long-term results and clinical implications

Author: Anselmino, M, Rovera, C, Marchetto, G, Castagno, D, Morello, M, Frea, S, Gaita, F, Rinaldi, M, De Ferrari, G, Anselmino M., Rovera C., Marchetto G., Castagno D., Morello M., Frea S., Gaita F., Rinaldi M., De Ferrari G. M., Anselmino, M, Rovera, C, Marchetto, G, Castagno, D, Morello, M, Frea, S, Gaita, F, Rinaldi, M, De Ferrari, G, Anselmino M., Rovera C., Marchetto G., Castagno D., Morello M., Frea S., Gaita F., Rinaldi M., and De Ferrari G. M.
Abstract: Background and Objectives: Surgical atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation concomitant to minimally invasive mitral valve repair has been proven to offer improved short-and long-term sinus rhythm (SR) maintenance compared to mitral valve surgery only. The objective of the present study was to explore, by thorough echocardiographic assessment, long-term morphological and functional left atrial (LA) outcomes after this combined surgical procedure. Materials and Methods: From October 2006 to November 2015, 48 patients underwent minimally invasive mitral valve repair and concomitant surgical AF cryoablation. Results: After 3.8 ± 2.2 years, 30 (71.4%) of those completing the follow-up (n = 42, 87.5%) presented SR. During follow-up, four (9.5%) patients suffered from cerebrovascular accidents and two of these subjects had a long-standing persistent AF relapse and were in AF at the time of the event, while the other two were in SR. An echocardiographic study focused on LA characteristics was performed in 29 patients (69.0%). Atrial morphology and function (e.g., maximal LA volume indexed to body surface area and total LA emptying fraction derived from volumes) in patients with stable SR (60.6 ± 13.1 mL/mq and 25.1 ± 7.3%) were significantly better than in those with AF relapses (76.8 ± 16.2 mL/mq and 17.5 ± 7.4%; respectively, p = 0.008 and p = 0.015). At follow-up, patients who suffered from ischemic cerebral events had maximal LA volume indexed to body surface area 61 ± 17.8 mL/mq, with total LA emptying fraction derived from volumes 23.6 ± 13.7%; patients with strokes in SR showed very enlarged LA volume (>70 mL/mq). Conclusions: AF cryoablation concomitant with minimally invasive mitral valve repair provides a high rate of SR maintenance and this relates to improved long-term morphological and functional LA outcomes. Further prospective studies are needed to define the cut-off values determining an increase in the risk for thromboembolic complications in patients with re
Published: 2019

8. Safety of SSRIs during pregnancy: a controlled study

Author: Altamura, AC., De Gaspari, IF., Rovera, C., Colombo, EM., Mauri, MC., and Fedele, L.
Published: 2013
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9. Targeting DDR1 and DDR2 overcomes matrix-mediated melanoma cell adaptation to BRAF-targeted therapy

Author: Frédéric Larbret, Stéphane Audebert, Cedric Gaggioli, Berestjuk I, Marcel Deckert, Serena Diazzi, Sophie Tartare-Deckert, Aude Mallavialle, Prod’homme, Christophe Girard, Sabrina Pisano, Rovera C, Thierry Passeron, Margaux Lecacheur, Centre méditerranéen de médecine moléculaire (C3M), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and Girard, christophe
Subjects: medicine.medical_treatment, extracellular matrix, Inserm UMR1065/C3M, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Drug resistance, DDR, Collagen receptor, Targeted therapy, Extracellular matrix, resistance, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, melanoma, Medicine, neoplasms, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, DDR1, business.industry, Melanoma, Imatinib, [SDV.MHEP.DERM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Dermatology, medicine.disease, targeted therapies, 3. Good health, NF-κB2, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer research, business, Tyrosine kinase, [SDV.MHEP.DERM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Dermatology, medicine.drug
Abstract: Resistance to BRAF and MEK inhibitors in BRAFV600E mutant melanomas remains a major obstacle that limits patient benefit. Microenvironment components including the extracellular matrix (ECM) can support tumor cell adaptation and tolerance to targeted therapies, however the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the process of matrix-mediated drug resistance (MM-DR) in response to BRAF inhibition in melanoma. We demonstrate that physical and structural cues from fibroblast-derived ECM abrogate anti-proliferative responses to BRAF/MEK inhibition. MM-DR is mediated by the drug-induced clustering of DDR1 and DDR2, two tyrosine kinase collagen receptors. Genetic depletion and pharmacological inhibition of DDR1 and DDR2 overcome ECM-mediated resistance to BRAF inhibition. In melanoma xenografts, targeting DDRs by Imatinib enhances BRAF inhibitor efficacy, counteracts drug-induced collagen remodeling and delays tumor relapse. Mechanistically, DDR-mediated MM-DR fosters a targetable pro-survival NIK/IKKα/NF-κB2 pathway. Our study reveals a novel role of collagen-rich matrix and DDRs in tumor cell adaptation and therapy resistance, thus providing important insights into environment-mediated drug resistance and a pre-clinical rationale for targeting DDR1/2 signaling in combination with BRAF-targeted therapy in melanoma.
Published: 2019
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10. The effect of DHA supplementation on cognition in patients with Bipolar Disorder: A preliminary study

Author: Delvecchio, G., primary, Prunas, C., additional, Caletti, E., additional, Ciappolino, V., additional, Rovera, C., additional, Minella, S., additional, Cinnante, C., additional, Paoli, R.A., additional, Triulzi, F., additional, Agostoni, C., additional, Altamura, A.C., additional, and Brambilla, P., additional
Published: 2019
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11. Results of Cryoablation for Atrial Fibrillation Concomitant With Video-Assisted Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery

Author: Marchetto, G, Anselmino, M, Rovera, C, Mancuso, S, Ricci, D, Antolini, M, Morello, M, Gaita, F, Rinaldi, M, Marchetto G., Anselmino M., Rovera C., Mancuso S., Ricci D., Antolini M., Morello M., Gaita F., Rinaldi M., Marchetto, G, Anselmino, M, Rovera, C, Mancuso, S, Ricci, D, Antolini, M, Morello, M, Gaita, F, Rinaldi, M, Marchetto G., Anselmino M., Rovera C., Mancuso S., Ricci D., Antolini M., Morello M., Gaita F., and Rinaldi M.
Abstract: Interest in minimally invasive video-assisted mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) is rapidly growing. Data on concomitant atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation to MIMVS are still lacking. The present study investigates the long-term results of AF cryoablation concomitant to MIMVS. From October 2006-September 2014, 68 patients with mitral valve disease (age 65.9 ± 11.1 years, 34 men out of 68 patients, Euroscore log 5.4 ± 4.5) and drug-resistant AF underwent MIMVS via right minithoracotomy and concomitant left-sided AF endocardial cryoablation (Cryoflex Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN). Patients were independently followed up by cardiological outpatient visits and underwent electrophysiological study when indicated. In total, 44 out of 68 patients (64.7%) underwent mitral valve repair and 8 patients (11.8%) also received concomitant tricuspid valve surgery. One procedure was electively converted to full sternotomy (1.5%). Total clamp time was 97.6 ± 22.8 minutes. In March 2015, 60 patients were alive and completed the follow-up after a mean of 3.4 ± 2.0 years following the procedure. In all, 48 patients (80%) presented sinus rhythm throughout the whole follow-up. Freedom from AF was respectively 95%, 87%, and 72% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. We recorded 2 pacemaker implants (3.3%). A total of 3 patients suffered symptomatic recurrences (2 atypical atrial flutter and 1 atrial fibrillation) and underwent transcatheter ablation—all the 3 patients remained in stable sinus rhythm for the remaining follow-up. In conclusions, given the favorable long-term sinus rhythm maintenance rates of concomitant cryoablation, MIMVS can also be offered to patients with symptomatic AF. AF transcatheter ablation may easily avoid further symptomatic recurrences.
Published: 2016

12. Determination of 2,4-diaminotoluene by a bionanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode

Author: Ghaani, M., Rovera, C., Pucillo, F., Ghaani, M. R., Olsson, Richard T., Scampicchio, M., Farris, S., Ghaani, M., Rovera, C., Pucillo, F., Ghaani, M. R., Olsson, Richard T., Scampicchio, M., and Farris, S.
Abstract: This work describes the development of a modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the selective determination of 2,4-diaminotoluene (TDA), a primary aromatic amines (PAAs) that can be formed in food packaging materials including aromatic polyurethane (PU) adhesives. The electrode's surface was modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), MWCNTs in chitosan (CS), and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The highest current response was achieved with AuNPs/MWCNTs-CS/GC electrodes, which exhibited an oxidation peak of 9.87 μA by cyclic voltammetry (CV), compared with 1.39 μA of the bare GCE. A detection limit of 35 nM was estimated by amperometry experiments. The oxidation of TDA was strongly dependent on the pH of the medium, having maximum sensitivity at pH ∼ 7. From a mechanistic point of view, the diffusion coefficient of TDA (D = 6.47 × 10−4 cm2 s−1) and the number of electrons (n ≈ 2) involved in the catalytic oxidation of TDA at the surface of the AuNPs/MWCNTs-CS/GCE were determined. The practical utility of this nanocomposite modified electrode was demonstrated by migration studies from conventional food packaging materials., QC 20181127
Published: 2018
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13. Mechanical behavior of biopolymer composite coatings on plastic films by depth-sensing indentation – A nanoscale study

Author: Rovera, C., Cozzolino, C. A., Ghaani, M., Morrone, D., Olsson, Richard T., Farris, S., Rovera, C., Cozzolino, C. A., Ghaani, M., Morrone, D., Olsson, Richard T., and Farris, S.
Abstract: Fundamental physical behaviors of materials at the nanoscale level are crucial when local aspects govern the macroscale performance of nanocomposites, e.g., interface and surface phenomena. Because of the increasing interest in biopolymer nanocomposite coatings for many different applications (e.g., optical devices, displays/screens, and packaging), this work investigates the potential of nanoindentation as a method for clarifying the interplay between distinct phases (i.e., organic and inorganic) at local level in thin biopolymer films loaded with nanoparticles. The nanomechanical features of pullulan nanocomposite coatings laid on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) were quantified in terms of elastic modulus (E), hardness (H), and creep (C) through an instrumented indentation test composed of a loading-holding-unloading cycle. Colloidal silica (CS) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were used as spherical and rod-like nanoparticles, respectively. An overall reinforcing effect was shown for all nanocomposite coatings over the pristine (unfilled) pullulan coating. A size effect was also disclosed for the CS-loaded surfaces, with the highest E value recorded for the largest particles (8.19 ± 0.35 GPa) and the highest H value belonging to the smallest ones (395.41 ± 25.22 MPa). Comparing CS and CNCs, the addition of spherical nanoparticles had a greater effect on the surface hardness than cellulose nanowhiskers (353.50 ± 83.52 MPa and 321.36 ± 43.26 MPa, respectively). As for the elastic modulus, the addition of CS did not provide any improvement over both the bare and CNC-loaded pullulan coatings, whereas the coating including CNCs exhibited higher E values (p <. 05). Finally, CS-loaded pullulan coatings were the best performing in terms of C properties, with an average indentation depth of 16.5 ± 1.85 nm under a load of ∼190 μN. These results are discussed in terms of local distribution gradients, surface chemistry of nanoparticles, and how nanoparticle aggregation, QC 20171201
Published: 2018
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14. Enzymatic Hydrolysis in the Green Production of Bacterial Cellulose Nanocrystals

Author: Rovera, C, Ghaani, M, Santo, N, Trabattoni, S, Olsson, R, Romano, D, Farris, S, Olsson, RT, Rovera, C, Ghaani, M, Santo, N, Trabattoni, S, Olsson, R, Romano, D, Farris, S, and Olsson, RT
Abstract: In this study, we extensively describe experimental models, with correlating experimental conditions, which were used to investigate the enzymatic hydrolysis of bacterial cellulose (BC) to obtain nanocrystals. Cellulase from Trichoderma reesei was used in five enzyme/BC ratios over a period of 74 h. The turbidity data was modeled using both logistic regression and empirical regression to determine the fractal kinetics, resulting in unique kinetic patterns for the mixtures that were richest in BC and in enzymes. The evolution of the yield was inversely related to the turbidity, as confirmed through a semiempirical approach that was adopted to model the experimental data. The yield values after 74 h of hydrolysis were higher for the substrate-rich mixtures (∼20%) than for the enzyme-rich mixtures (∼5%), as corroborated by cellobiose and glucose quantification. Transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy analyses revealed a shift from a fibril network to a needle-like morphology (i.e., aggregated nanocrystals or individual nanocrystals ∼6 nm width and 200-800 nm in length) as the enzyme/BC ratios went from lower to higher. These results were explained in terms of the heterogeneous substrate model and the erosion model. This work initiated a promising, environmentally friendly method that could serve as an alternative to the commonly used chemical hydrolysis routes.
Published: 2018

15. Antidepressant Efficacy of the Antipsychotic Quetiapine:Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Data

Author: Altamura Ac, Alessandra Reggiori, Mauri Mc, Rovera C, Ciappolino, Silvia Paletta, and Di Pace C
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.drug_class, medicine.medical_treatment, Atypical antipsychotic, medicine.disease, Paroxetine, Treatment of bipolar disorder, Hypomania, Internal medicine, mental disorders, medicine, Major depressive disorder, Quetiapine, medicine.symptom, Psychiatry, business, Antipsychotic, Mania, medicine.drug
Abstract: Quetiapine (QTP) is an is an atypical antipsychotic, that was approved in 1997 by American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for schizophrenia, both in adults and adolescents (13-17 years). Since 2003 this drug was approved also for the treatment of maniac episode in bipolar adults and adolescents (10-17 years) then in 2006 FDA extended the use of QTP to bipolar depression episodes and in 2008 to the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder. In 2009 QTP starts to be used also as add on therapy of major depressive disorder combined to antidepressants, without FDA consent. Actually this drug, in "off label" use, is employed also for monotherapy of unipolar depression. QTP treatment was generally well tolerated. The incidence of treatment-emergent mania/hypomania was lower with QTP compared with the antidepressant paroxetine and placebo.
Published: 2016
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16. Quetiapine-Induced Hypomania and its Association with Quetiapine/Norquetiapine Plasma Concentrations: A Case Series of Bipolar Type 2 Patients

Author: Rovera, C., primary, Esposito, C. M., additional, Ciappolino, V., additional, Cattaneo, D., additional, Baldelli, S., additional, Clementi, E., additional, Altamura, A. C., additional, and Buoli, M., additional
Published: 2017
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17. Structural and metabolic differentiation between bipolar disorder with psychosis and substance-induced psychosis: An integrated MRI/PET study

Author: Altamura, A.C., primary, Delvecchio, G., additional, Marotta, G., additional, Oldani, L., additional, Pigoni, A., additional, Ciappolino, V., additional, Caletti, E., additional, Rovera, C., additional, Dobrea, C., additional, Arici, C., additional, Benatti, B., additional, Camuri, G., additional, Prunas, C., additional, Paoli, R.A., additional, Dell’osso, B., additional, Cinnante, C., additional, Triulzi, F.M., additional, and Brambilla, P., additional
Published: 2016
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18. Long-term results of concomitant video-assisted minimally invasive atrial fibrillation cryoablation validated by clinical and electrophysiological assesment

Author: Marchetto, G., Anselmino, Matteo, Mancuso, S., Rovera, C., Antolini, M., Morello, Mara, Gaita, Fiorenzo, and Rinaldi, Mauro
Published: 2014

19. Morphologic analysis of left atrial anatomy by Magnetic Resonance Angiography in patients with atrial fibrillation: a large single centre experience

Author: Anselmino, Matteo, Blandino, A., Bennati, S., Rovera, C., Boffano, C., Belletti, M., Caponi, D., Scaglione, M., Cesarani, F., and Gaita, Fiorenzo
Published: 2011

20. Morphologic analysis of left atrium anatomy by magnetic resonance angiography in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing transcatheter ablation

Author: Anselmino, Matteo, Blandino, A., Beninati, S., Rovera, C., Boffano, C., Miceli, S., Azzaro, G., Garberoglio, L., Cesarani, F., and Gaita, Fiorenzo
Published: 2010

21. Pulmonary veins anatomic variability assesed by magnetic resonance imaging in patients undergoing transcatheter atrial fibrillation ablation

Author: Anselmino, Matteo, Scaglione, M., Blandino, A., Beninati, S., Caponi, D., Boffano, C., Montefusco, A., Rovera, C., Cesarani, F., and Gaita, Fiorenzo
Published: 2010

22. 059 * LONG-TERM RESULTS OF CONCOMITANT VIDEO-ASSISTED MINIMALLY INVASIVE ATRIAL FIBRILLATION CRYOABLATION VALIDATED BY CLINICAL AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT

Author: Marchetto, G., primary, Anselmino, M., additional, Mancuso, S., additional, Rovera, C., additional, Antolini, M., additional, Morello, M., additional, Gaita, F., additional, and Rinaldi, M., additional
Published: 2014
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23. Evolution of migraine after trans-catheter closure of patent forame ovale

Author: Biasco, L., primary, Vicentini, S., additional, Infantino, V., additional, Longo, G., additional, Rovera, C., additional, Chinaglia, A., additional, Orzan, F., additional, and Gaita, F., additional
Published: 2013
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24. Safety of SSRIs during pregnancy: a controlled study

Author: Altamura, AC., primary, De Gaspari, IF., additional, Rovera, C., additional, Colombo, EM., additional, Mauri, MC., additional, and Fedele, L., additional
Published: 2012
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25. PW01-29 - Mood Stabilizers and Atypical Antipsychotics in Long-term Treatment of Bipolar Disorder

Author: Paoli, R., primary, Buoli, M., additional, Primavera, D., additional, Benedetti, M., additional, Rovera, C., additional, and Altamura, A.C., additional
Published: 2010
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26. P221 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE AND A SEVERE DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY: A CASE REPORT

Author: Cavallone, E, Feneziani, A, Franco, E, Rovera, C, and Moretti, C
Abstract: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is caused by mutations in PKD1 and PKD2 genes, encoding polycystin 1 and 2. We report the case of a 51–year–old woman with arterial hypertension and stage V chronic kidney disease from polycystic kidney disease, without a significant family health history. She was admitted to our Cardiology Ward for worsening dyspnea, dependent oedemas and a 3/6 systolic heart murmur detected. Blood tests showed mild anemia and hyperkalemia, severe renal failure (creatinine 6 mg/dl) and normal both liver and thyroid function. The ECG showed sinus rhythm with normal atrioventricular conduction, low voltage in precordial leads and non–specific repolarization disturbances. Hemodialysis and intravenous decongestion therapy were started. A transthoracic two–dimensional echocardiography was performed and a dilated left ventricle with severe global systolic dysfunction (EF 25%) was documented, with severe secondary mitral regurgitation (MR) with a central jet (EROA 0,5 cm2). A possible bicuspid aortic valve was suggested with moderate aortic regurgitation. CT scans showed small pleural and pericardial effusions, polycystosis affecting both kidneys and liver. Coronary CT showed a subcritical interventricular artery stenosis and confirmed a bicuspid aortic valve. Magnetic resonance angiography was negative for intracranial aneurysms. Finally, genetic testing revealed a heterozygous pathogenic mutation of PKD1 gene (c.9622del G p.Ala3208Hisfs*108 exone 28). Maximum tolerated heart failure therapy was prescribed after discharge, resulting in symptoms reduction but only mild echocardiographic improvement (EF 30% with severe MR). An edge–to–edge transcatheter mitral valve repair was proposed. In literature we learn that PKD1 mutations are linked to various cardiomyopathies: hypertrophic, dilated, left ventricular non compaction. We report the association of ADPKD with a complex dilated cardiomyopathy with severe secondary MR, an aortic congenital defect and an associated subcritical coronary artery stenosis. Further investigations are needed to study the genetic aspect of the ADPKD when associated with different cardiac anomalies.
Published: 2023
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27. Efficacy of oral trazodone slow release following intravenous administration in depressed patients: A naturalistic study

Author: Fiorentini, A., Rovera, C., Caldiroli, A., Arici, C., Prunas, C., Di Pace, C., Paletta, S., Sara Maria Pozzoli, Buoli, M., and Carlo Altamura, A.

28. Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Bacterial Cellulose for the Production of Nanocrystals for the Food Packaging Industry

Author: Rovera, Cesare, Fiori, Filippo, Trabattoni, Silvia, Romano, Diego, Farris, Stefano, Rovera, C, Fiori, F, Trabattoni, S, Romano, D, and Farris, S
Subjects: lcsh:Chemistry, cellulase, nanocomposite, lcsh:QD1-999, bacterial cellulose, coating, endoglucanase, Article, oxygen barrier
Abstract: Bacterial cellulose nanocrystals (BCNCs) obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis have been loaded in pullulan biopolymer for use as nanoparticles in the generation of high-oxygen barrier coatings intended for food packaging applications. Bacterial cellulose (BC) produced by Komagataeibacter sucrofermentans was hydrolyzed by two different enzymatic treatments, i.e., using endo-1,4-&beta, glucanases (EGs) from Thermobifida halotolerans and cellulase from Trichoderma reesei. The hydrolytic activity was compared by means of turbidity experiments over a period of 145 h, whereas BCNCs in their final state were compared, in terms of size and morphology, by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Though both treatments led to particles of similar size, a greater amount of nano-sized particles (&asymp, 250 nm) were observed in the system that also included cellulase enzymes. Unexpectedly, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that cellulose nanoparticles were round-shaped and made of 4&ndash, 5 short (150&ndash, 180 nm) piled whiskers. Pullulan/BCNCs nanocomposite coatings allowed an increase in the overall oxygen barrier performance, of more than two and one orders of magnitude (&asymp, 0.7 mL&middot, m&minus, 2&middot, 24 h&minus, 1), of pure polyethylene terephthalate (PET) (&asymp, 120 mL&middot, 1) as well as pullulan/coated PET (&asymp, 6 mL&middot, 1), with no significant difference between treatments (hydrolysis mediated by EGs or with the addition of cellulase). BCNCs obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis have the potential to generate high oxygen barrier coatings for the food packaging industry.
Published: 2020

29. Different formulations of semaglutide and oxidative stress in subjects with type 2 diabetes and MASLD: an open-label, real-life study.

Author: Petralli G, Zoppo AD, Rovera C, Raggi F, Salvati A, Moriconi D, Distaso M, Brunetto MR, and Solini A
Abstract: Aim: Semaglutide exerts metabolic effects and cardiovascular protection in type 2 diabetes (T2D), also acting on hepatic steatosis and inflammation. No data are, so far, available on the effect of semaglutide on oxidative stress, neither a comparison of injective (InjS) and oral (OrS) formulations has been performed in subjects with T2D and liver steatosis., Methods: In a real-life, open label, prospective study we compared standard doses of InjS and OrS in targeting liver inflammation and fibrosis and systemic markers of inflammation and oxidative stress by consecutively prescribing InjS or OrS formulation in a 2:1 ratio to sixty T2D + MASLD subjects (T0), observing them for 6 months (T1). Anthropometry, biochemistry and transient elastography (TE) data were collected; hormones, inflammatory cytokines and peroxidation products were measured., Results: At baseline, InjS and OrS subjects were similar, except for waist circumference, liver enzymes and Controlled Attenuation Parameter (CAP), a measure of liver steatosis (InjS > OrS, all p < 0.05). Differences emerged in T0-T1 variation between the formulations in HbA1c, lipid profile, blood pressure. CAP significantly decreased only in InjS. GLP-1 quite similarly increased; insulin, glucagon and GIP did not vary. InjS and OrS did not modify TNFα, IL-10 (an anti-inflammatory cytokine) and MCP-1, while IL-18 was reduced only by InjS. When exploring oxidative stress, AGEs were unaffected, Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances decreased in InjS, 4-Hydroxynonenal was reduced in OrS., Conclusion: In T2D + MASLD subjects, InjS, better than OrS, improves metabolic control; a significant reduction of IL-18 by InjS, and a mild anti-oxidative effect of both formulations are reported for the first time., Competing Interests: Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing financial interest related to the present manuscript. All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript., (© 2025. Springer-Verlag Italia S.r.l., part of Springer Nature.)
Published: 2025
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30. STress computed tomogRaphy perfusion and stress cArdiac magnetic resonance for ThE manaGement of suspected or known coronarY artery disease: resources and outcomes impact.

Author: Baggiano A, Baessato F, Mushtaq S, Annoni AD, Cannata F, Carerj ML, Del Torto A, Fazzari F, Formenti A, Frappampina A, Fusini L, Junod D, Mancini ME, Mantegazza V, Maragna R, Marchetti F, Sbordone FP, Tassetti L, Volpe A, Guglielmo M, Rossi A, Rovera C, Rabbat MG, Guaricci AI, Cau C, Saba L, Berna G, Sforza C, Pepi M, and Pontone G
Subjects: Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Aged, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Prognosis, Myocardial Revascularization, Coronary Circulation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Risk Assessment, Myocardial Infarction diagnostic imaging, Myocardial Infarction mortality, Myocardial Perfusion Imaging, Coronary Artery Disease diagnostic imaging, Coronary Artery Disease therapy, Coronary Artery Disease mortality, Coronary Artery Disease physiopathology, Computed Tomography Angiography, Predictive Value of Tests, Coronary Angiography
Abstract: Background: The aim of this study is to describe resources and outcomes of coronary computed tomography angiography plus Stress CT perfusion (CCTA + Stress-CTP) and stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance (Stress-CMR) in symptomatic patients with suspected or known CAD., Methods: Six hundred and twenty-four consecutive symptomatic patients with intermediate to high-risk pretest likelihood for CAD or previous history of revascularization referred to our hospital for clinically indicated CCTA + Stress-CTP or Stress-CMR were enrolled. Stress-CTP scans were performed in 223 patients while 401 patients performed Stress-CMR. Patient follow-up was performed at 1 year after index test performance. Endpoints were all cardiac events, as a combined endpoint of revascularization, non-fatal MI and death, and hard cardiac events, as combined endpoint of non-fatal MI and death., Results: Twenty-nine percent of patients who underwent CCTA + Stress-CTP received revascularization, 7% of subjects assessed with Stress-CMR were treated invasively, and a low number of non-fatal MI and death was observed with both strategies (hard events in 0.4% of patients that had CCTA + Stress-CTP as index test, and in 3% of patients evaluated with Stress-CMR). According to the predefined endpoints, CCTA + Stress-CTP group showed high rate of all cardiac events and low rate of hard cardiac events, respectively. The cumulative costs were 1970 ± 2506 Euro and 733 ± 1418 Euro for the CCTA + Stress-CTP group and Stress-CMR group, respectively., Conclusions: The use of CCTA + Stress-CTP strategy was associated with high referral to revascularization but with a favourable trend in terms of hard cardiac events and diagnostic yield in identifying individuals at lower risk of adverse events despite the presence of CAD., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest All authors have nothing to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2024
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31. Intra-Atrial Right Coronary Artery: A Condition Revealed by Coronary CT Scan.

Author: Rovera C, Bisanti F, and Moretti C
Subjects: Humans, Diagnosis, Differential, Computed Tomography Angiography methods, Coronary Angiography methods, Coronary Vessel Anomalies diagnostic imaging, Coronary Vessels diagnostic imaging, Heart Atria diagnostic imaging, Heart Atria abnormalities
Abstract: Coronary artery anomalies are rare and may involve the coronary origin, course, or termination. Most are benign; however, some can lead to myocardial damage, sudden death, or potential hazards during interventional or surgical procedures. The advancement of imaging studies has led to an increase in their diagnosis. Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) especially has characterized new anomalies that were previously anecdotal. This is the case of the intra-atrial course of the right coronary artery. The present is a brief review about this rare congenital anomaly., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Published: 2024
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32. DEep LearnIng-based QuaNtification of epicardial adipose tissue predicts MACE in patients undergoing stress CMR.

Author: Guglielmo M, Penso M, Carerj ML, Giacari CM, Volpe A, Fusini L, Baggiano A, Mushtaq S, Annoni A, Cannata F, Cilia F, Del Torto A, Fazzari F, Formenti A, Frappampina A, Gripari P, Junod D, Mancini ME, Mantegazza V, Maragna R, Marchetti F, Mastroiacovo G, Pirola S, Tassetti L, Baessato F, Corino V, Guaricci AI, Rabbat MG, Rossi A, Rovera C, Costantini P, van der Bilt I, van der Harst P, Fontana M, Caiani EG, Pepi M, and Pontone G
Subjects: Humans, Female, Male, Middle Aged, Aged, Prognosis, Risk Assessment, Ventricular Function, Left, Myocardial Infarction diagnostic imaging, Risk Factors, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine methods, Reproducibility of Results, Stroke Volume, Retrospective Studies, Epicardial Adipose Tissue, Pericardium diagnostic imaging, Adipose Tissue diagnostic imaging, Adipose Tissue pathology, Deep Learning, Coronary Artery Disease diagnostic imaging, Predictive Value of Tests
Abstract: Background and Aims: This study investigated the additional prognostic value of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volume for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients undergoing stress cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging., Methods: 730 consecutive patients [mean age: 63 ± 10 years; 616 men] who underwent stress CMR for known or suspected coronary artery disease were randomly divided into derivation (n = 365) and validation (n = 365) cohorts. MACE was defined as non-fatal myocardial infarction and cardiac deaths. A deep learning algorithm was developed and trained to quantify EAT volume from CMR. EAT volume was adjusted for height (EAT volume index). A composite CMR-based risk score by Cox analysis of the risk of MACE was created., Results: In the derivation cohort, 32 patients (8.7 %) developed MACE during a follow-up of 2103 days. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 35 % (HR 4.407 [95 % CI 1.903-10.202]; p<0.001), stress perfusion defect (HR 3.550 [95 % CI 1.765-7.138]; p<0.001), late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) (HR 4.428 [95%CI 1.822-10.759]; p = 0.001) and EAT volume index (HR 1.082 [95 % CI 1.045-1.120]; p<0.001) were independent predictors of MACE. In a multivariate Cox regression analysis, adding EAT volume index to a composite risk score including LVEF, stress perfusion defect and LGE provided additional value in MACE prediction, with a net reclassification improvement of 0.683 (95%CI, 0.336-1.03; p<0.001). The combined evaluation of risk score and EAT volume index showed a higher Harrel C statistic as compared to risk score (0.85 vs. 0.76; p<0.001) and EAT volume index alone (0.85 vs.0.74; p<0.001). These findings were confirmed in the validation cohort., Conclusions: In patients with clinically indicated stress CMR, fully automated EAT volume measured by deep learning can provide additional prognostic information on top of standard clinical and imaging parameters., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Gianluca Pontone reports a relationship with G.E. Healthcare, Bracco, Heartflow, Boheringher that includes: funding grants and speaking and lecture fees. The other authors have nothing to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2024
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33. Neglected cardiometabolic risk factors and subclinical target organ damage in post-menopausal women with normal glucose tolerance.

Author: Petralli G, Biancalana E, Distaso M, Piazza G, Caputo MT, Del Zoppo A, Rovera C, Raggi F, Tricò D, and Solini A
Subjects: Humans, Female, Middle Aged, Aged, Hypercholesterolemia complications, Hypercholesterolemia blood, Cardiovascular Diseases etiology, Cardiovascular Diseases diagnostic imaging, Cardiovascular Diseases blood, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Insulin Resistance, Blood Glucose metabolism, Italy epidemiology, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Biomarkers blood, Echocardiography, Postmenopause, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Hypertension complications
Abstract: Background: Menopausal transition is a crucial step in the women's cardiovascular health, and the risk stratification in apparently health post-menopausal females has been rarely assessed. Heart ultrasonography, unusually performed in such subjects, would be able to detect initial signs of organ damage. We described the cardiovascular risk profile of non-diabetic post-menopausal women, evaluating how easily computed, biochemistry-derived scores were related to ultrasonographic measures of target organ damage., Methods: We analyzed the characteristics of a cohort of two-hundred and seventy-three women consecutively referring to a prevention program of Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana (years 2017-2022) who underwent clinical evaluation, complete routine biochemical analyses with proxies of insulin resistance, heart and carotid ultrasonography. The cohort was further divided into four groups according to presence of isolated hypercholesterolemia (HC, 37%), isolated hypertension (HT, 5%), both HC/HT (38%), or none of them., Results: In HC and HC/HT, LDL cholesterol was sharply above the recommended values (149 [134-171] mg/dL and 141 [123-159] mg/dL, respectively). E/e' ratio and left atrium size were augmented in HT women and further worsened in HT/HC, with an independent effect of hypertension (E/e' ß=0.055, P=0.013, left atrium volume ß=0.059, P=0.003). Presence of carotid plaques was independently linked to hypertension (ß=0.474, P=0.003). In HC and HC/HT, the Triglycerides-Glucose Index, a surrogate of insulin resistance, was higher than in the other classes (P=0.0013), and it was associated with E/A in HC and HT/HC, with a significative interaction (P=0.0004) with hypertension. Past hormone replacement therapy did not influence clinical, biochemical or echocardiographic parameters., Conclusions: Postmenopausal women display a high cardiovascular risk burden; a simple clinical and biochemistry screening would be advisable to identify and treat those more at risk. Cardiac ultrasonographic parameters were worse in hypertensive, hypercholesterolemic and insulin-resistant subjects, who may also deserve a deep and early instrumental characterization, especially when these conditions are associated.
Published: 2024
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34. Response to semaglutide of non-drinker subjects with type 2 diabetes.

Author: Petralli G, Raggi F, Zoppo AD, Rovera C, Salvati A, Brunetto MR, and Solini A
Abstract: Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) displays a worse prognosis in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D); effective treatments are, so far, scanty. Semaglutide showed efficacy in improving steatohepatitis. We longitudinally observed a MASLD cohort of T2D subjects starting semaglutide, to detect an improvement of non-invasive surrogates of steatosis and fibro-inflammatory liver involvement, evaluating the role of mild alcohol consumption., Patients and Methods: In 62 overweight/obese T2D subjects with MASLD (36 non-drinker and 26 mild alcohol consumers), anthropometric, bio-humoral and transient elastography (TE) data were collected before (T0) and after an average time of 6.4 month (T1) from injective semaglutide prescription. Circulating levels of hormones (GIP, GLP-1, glucagon, insulin) and inflammatory markers (TNFα, MCP-1, IL-18, IL-10) were measured. Steatotic and necro-inflammatory liver involvement was evaluated with FibroScan controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness (LS), respectively., Results: Significant (p < 0.006) T0-T1 reductions of BMI, waist circumference, fasting glucose, and HbA1c were observed. AST (-10 ± 3 IU/L), ALT (-18 ± 5 IU/L), GGT (-33 ± 15 IU/L), CAP (-25 ± 8 dB/m) and LS (-0.8 ± 0.4 kPa) were reduced, too. GLP-1 increased (+ 95.9 pM, p < 0.0001) and IL-18 was reduced (-46.6 pg/ml, p = 0.0002). After adjustment for confounders, CAP improving was only related to GLP-1 increase (ß=-0.437, p = 0.0122). Mild alcohol intake did not influence these relations., Conclusion: Use of semaglutide in subjects with T2D and MASLD is associated with a significant decline of liver steatosis and necroinflammation proxies; mild alcohol assumption did not exert any influence. An independent effect of GLP-1 raise was observed on reduction of steatosis, irrespective of alcohol consumption., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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35. MRI pattern characterization of cerebral cardioembolic lesions following atrial fibrillation ablation.

Author: Saglietto A, Bertello E, Barra M, Ferraro I, Rovera C, Orzan F, De Ferrari GM, and Anselmino M
Abstract: Background: Recognizing etiology is essential for treatment and secondary prevention of cerebral ischemic events. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pattern suggestive of an embolic etiology has been described but, to date, there are no uniformly accepted criteria., Aim: The purpose of the study is to describe MRI features of ischemic cerebral lesions occurring after transcatheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF)., Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies performing brain imaging investigations before and after AF transcatheter ablation was performed. The incidence of cerebral ischemic lesions after AF transcatheter ablation was the primary endpoint. The co-primary endpoints were the prevalence of the different neuroimaging features regarding the embolic cerebral ischemic lesions., Results: A total of 25 studies, encompassing 3,304 patients, were included in the final analysis. The incidence of ischemic cerebral lesions following AF transcatheter ablation was 17.2% [95% confidence interval (CI) 12.2%-23.8%], of which a minimal fraction was symptomatic [0.60% (95% CI 0.09%-3.9%)]. Only 1.6% of the lesions (95% CI 0.9%-3.0%) had a diameter >10 mm, and in 20.5% of the cases the lesions were multiple (95% CI 17.1%-24.4%). Brain lesions were equally distributed across the two hemispheres and the different lobes; cortical location was more frequent [64.0% (95% CI 42.9%-80.8%)] while the middle cerebral artery territory was the most involved 37.0% (95% CI 27.3-48.0)., Conclusions: The prevailing MRI pattern comprises a predominance of small (<10 mm) cortical lesions, more prevalent in the territory of the middle cerebral artery., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The authors declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision., (© 2024 Saglietto, Bertello, Barra, Ferraro, Rovera, Orzan, De Ferrari and Anselmino.)
Published: 2024
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36. Myocardial Bridging: Review on the Role of Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography.

Author: Rovera C, Moretti C, Bisanti F, De Zan G, and Guglielmo M
Abstract: Myocardial bridging (MB) is a congenital coronary anomaly in which a segment of a coronary artery, most frequently the left anterior descending artery, deviates from its epicardial route by passing through the myocardium. The advent of cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA), equipped with its multiplane and three-dimensional functionalities, has notably enhanced the ability to identify MBs. Furthermore, novel post-processing methods have recently emerged to extract functional insights from anatomical evaluations. MB is generally considered a benign entity with very good survival rates; however, there is an increasing volume of evidence that certain MB characteristics may be associated with cardiovascular morbidity. This review is intended to depict the diagnostic and prognostic role of CCTA in the MB context.
Published: 2023
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37. Quantification of extracellular volume with cardiac computed tomography in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Author: Baggiano A, Conte E, Spiritigliozzi L, Mushtaq S, Annoni A, Carerj ML, Cilia F, Fazzari F, Formenti A, Frappampina A, Fusini L, Gaudenzi Asinelli M, Junod D, Mancini ME, Mantegazza V, Maragna R, Marchetti F, Penso M, Tassetti L, Volpe A, Baessato F, Guglielmo M, Rossi A, Rovera C, Andreini D, Rabbat MG, Guaricci AI, Pepi M, and Pontone G
Subjects: Humans, Middle Aged, Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine methods, Predictive Value of Tests, Myocardium pathology, Heart, Contrast Media, Fibrosis, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated pathology
Abstract: Background: Cardiac computed tomography (CCT) was recently validated to measure extracellular volume (ECV) in the setting of cardiac amyloidosis, showing good agreement with cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). However, no evidence is available with a whole-heart single source, single energy CT scanner in the clinical context of newly diagnosed left ventricular dysfunction. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test the diagnostic accuracy of ECV CCT in patients with a recent diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy, having ECV CMR as the reference technique., Methods: 39 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed dilated cardiomyopathy (LVEF <50%) scheduled for clinically indicated CMR were prospectively enrolled. Myocardial segment evaluability assessment with each technique, agreement between ECV CMR and ECV CCT , regression analysis, Bland-Altman analysis and interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were performed., Results: Mean age of enrolled patients was 62 ± 11 years, and mean LVEF at CMR was 35.4 ± 10.7%. Overall radiation exposure for ECV estimation was 2.1 ± 1.1 mSv. Out of 624 myocardial segments available for analysis, 624 (100%) segments were assessable by CCT while 608 (97.4%) were evaluable at CMR. ECV CCT demonstrated slightly lower values compared to ECV CMR (all segments, 31.8 ± 6.5% vs 33.9 ± 8.0%, p < 0.001). At regression analysis, strong correlations were described (all segments, r = 0.819, 95% CI: 0.791 to 0.844). On Bland-Altman analysis, bias between ECV CMR and ECV CCT for global analysis was 2.1 (95% CI: -6.8 to 11.1). ICC analysis showed both high intra-observer and inter-observer agreement for ECV CCT calculation (0.986, 95%CI: 0.983 to 0.988 and 0.966, 95%CI: 0.960 to 0.971, respectively)., Conclusions: ECV estimation with a whole-heart single source, single energy CT scanner is feasible and accurate. Integration of ECV measurement in a comprehensive CCT evaluation of patients with newly diagnosed dilated cardiomyopathy can be performed with a small increase in overall radiation exposure., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest Gianluca Pontone declares the following conflict of interest: Honorarium as speaker/consultant and/or research grant from GE Healthcare, Bracco, Heartflow, Boheringher., (Copyright © 2023 Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2023
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38. Stress Echocardiography in Italian Echocardiographic Laboratories: A Survey of the Italian Society of Echocardiography and Cardiovascular Imaging.

Author: Ciampi Q, Pepi M, Antonini-Canterin F, Barbieri A, Barchitta A, Faganello G, Miceli S, Parato VM, Tota A, Trocino G, Abbate M, Accadia M, Alemanni R, Angelini A, Anglano F, Anselmi M, Aquila I, Aramu S, Avogadri E, Azzaro G, Badano L, Balducci A, Ballocca F, Barbarossa A, Barbati G, Barletta V, Barone D, Becherini F, Benfari G, Beraldi M, Bergandi G, Bilardo G, Binno SM, Bolognesi M, Bongiovi S, Bragato RM, Braggion G, Brancaleoni R, Bursi F, Dessalvi CC, Cameli M, Canu A, Capitelli M, Capra ACM, Carbonara R, Carbone M, Carbonella M, Carrabba N, Casavecchia G, Casula M, Chesi E, Cicco S, Citro R, Cocchia R, Colombo BM, Colonna P, Conte M, Corrado G, Cortesi P, Cortigiani L, Costantino MF, Cozza F, Cucchini U, D'Angelo M, Da Ros S, D'Andrea F, D'Andrea A, D'Auria F, De Caridi G, De Feo S, De Matteis GM, De Vecchi S, Del Giudice C, Dell'Angela L, Paoli LD, Dentamaro I, Destefanis P, Di Bella G, Di Fulvio M, Di Gaetano R, Di Giannuario G, Di Gioia A, Di Martino LFM, Di Muro C, Di Nora C, Di Salvo G, Dodi C, Dogliani S, Donati F, Dottori M, Epifani G, Fabiani I, Ferrara F, Ferrara L, Ferrua S, Filice G, Fiorino M, Forno D, Garini A, Giarratana GA, Gigantino G, Giorgi M, Giubertoni E, Greco CA, Grigolato M, Marra WG, Holzl A, Iaiza A, Iannaccone A, Ilardi F, Imbalzano E, Inciardi RM, Inserra CA, Iori E, Izzo A, La Rosa G, Labanti G, Lanzone AM, Lanzoni L, Lapetina O, Leiballi E, Librera M, Conte CL, Monaco ML, Lombardo A, Luciani M, Lusardi P, Magnante A, Malagoli A, Malatesta G, Mancusi C, Manes MT, Manganelli F, Mantovani F, Manuppelli V, Marchese V, Marinacci L, Mattioli R, Maurizio C, Mazza GA, Mazza S, Melis M, Meloni G, Merli E, Milan A, Minardi G, Monaco A, Monte I, Montresor G, Moreo A, Mori F, Morini S, Moro C, Morrone D, Negri F, Nipote C, Nisi F, Nocco S, Novello L, Nunziata L, Perini AP, Parodi A, Pasanisi EM, Pastorini G, Pavasini R, Pavoni D, Pedone C, Pelliccia F, Pelliciari G, Pelloni E, Pergola V, Perillo G, Petruccelli E, Pezzullo C, Piacentini G, Picardi E, Pinna G, Pizzarelli M, Pizzuti A, Poggi MM, Posteraro A, Privitera C, Rampazzo D, Ratti C, Rettegno S, Ricci F, Ricci C, Rolando C, Rossi S, Rovera C, Ruggieri R, Russo MG, Sacchi N, Saladino A, Sani F, Sartori C, Scarabeo V, Sciacqua A, Scillone A, Scopelliti PA, Scorza A, Scozzafava A, Serafini F, Serra W, Severino S, Simeone B, Sirico D, Solari M, Spadaro GL, Stefani L, Strangio A, Surace FC, Tamborini G, Tarquinio N, Tassone EJ, Tavarozzi I, Tchana B, Tedesco G, Tinto M, Torzillo D, Totaro A, Triolo OF, Troisi F, Tusa M, Vancheri F, Varasano V, Venezia A, Vermi AC, Villari B, Zampi G, Zannoni J, Zito C, Zugaro A, Picano E, and Carerj S
Abstract: Background: The Italian Society of Echography and Cardiovascular Imaging (SIECVI) conducted a national survey to understand the volumes of activity, modalities and stressors used during stress echocardiography (SE) in Italy., Methods: We analyzed echocardiography laboratory activities over a month (November 2022). Data were retrieved through an electronic survey based on a structured questionnaire, uploaded on the SIECVI website., Results: Data were obtained from 228 echocardiographic laboratories, and SE examinations were performed in 179 centers (80.6%): 87 centers (47.5%) were in the northern regions of Italy, 33 centers (18.4%) were in the central regions, and 61 (34.1%) in the southern regions. We annotated a total of 4057 SE. We divided the SE centers into three groups, according to the numbers of SE performed: <10 SE (low-volume activity, 40 centers), between 10 and 39 SE (moderate volume activity, 102 centers) and ≥40 SE (high volume activity, 37 centers). Dipyridamole was used in 139 centers (77.6%); exercise in 120 centers (67.0%); dobutamine in 153 centers (85.4%); pacing in 37 centers (21.1%); and adenosine in 7 centers (4.0%). We found a significant difference between the stressors used and volume of activity of the centers, with a progressive increase in the prevalence of number of stressors from low to high volume activity ( P = 0.033). The traditional evaluation of regional wall motion of the left ventricle was performed in all centers, with combined assessment of coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) in 90 centers (50.3%): there was a significant difference in the centers with different volume of SE activity: the incidence of analysis of CFVR was significantly higher in high volume centers compared to low - moderate - volume (32.5%, 41.0% and 73.0%, respectively, P < 0.001). The lung ultrasound (LUS) was assessed in 67 centers (37.4%). Furthermore for LUS, we found a significant difference in the centers with different volume of SE activity: significantly higher in high volume centers compared to low - moderate - volume (25.0%, 35.3% and 56.8%, respectively, P < 0.001)., Conclusions: This nationwide survey demonstrated that SE was significantly widespread and practiced throughout Italy. In addition to the traditional indication to coronary artery disease based on regional wall motion analysis, other indications are emerging with an increase in the use of LUS and CFVR, especially in high-volume centers., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2023 Journal of Cardiovascular Echography.)
Published: 2023
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39. Cardiac computed tomography: from anatomy to function.

Author: Maragna R, Mushtaq S, Baggiano A, Annoni A, Carerj ML, Cilia F, Fazzari F, Formenti A, Fusini L, Mancini E, Marchetti F, Penso M, Volpe A, Tassetti L, Baessato F, Rossi A, Rovera C, Guaricci AI, and Pontone G
Abstract: Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) is one of the world's leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Likewise, the diagnosis and risk stratification of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) have always been based on the detection of the presence and extent of ischaemia by physical or pharmacological stress tests with or without the aid of imaging methods (e.g. exercise stress, test, stress echocardiography, single-photon emission computed tomography, or stress cardiac magnetic resonance). These methods show high performance to assess obstructive CAD, whilst they do not show accurate power to detect non-obstructive CAD. The introduction into clinical practice of coronary computed tomography angiography, the only non-invasive method capable of analyzing the coronary anatomy, allowed to add a crucial piece in the puzzle of the assessment of patients with suspected or chronic IHD. The current review evaluates the technical aspects and clinical experience of coronary computed tomography in the evaluation of atherosclerotic burden with a special focus about the new emerging application such as functional relevance of CAD with fractional flow reserve computed tomography (CT)-derived (FFRct), stress CT perfusion, and imaging inflammatory makers discussing the strength and weakness of each approach., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: None declared., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.)
Published: 2023
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40. A screen-printed electrode modified with gold nanoparticles/cellulose nanocrystals for electrochemical detection of 4,4'-methylene diphenyl diamine.

Author: Büyüktaş D, Ghaani M, Rovera C, Carullo D, Olsson RT, Korel F, and Farris S
Abstract: Developing simple, cost-effective, easy-to-use, and reliable analytical devices if of utmost importance for the food industry for rapid in-line checks of their products that must comply with the provisions set by the current legislation. The purpose of this study was to develop a new electrochemical sensor for the food packaging sector. More specifically, we propose a screen-printed electrode (SPE) modified with cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for the quantification of 4,4'-methylene diphenyl diamine (MDA), which is one of the most important PAAs that can transfer from food packaging materials into food stuffs. The electrochemical performance of the proposed sensor (AuNPs/CNCs/SPE) in the presence of 4,4'-MDA was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV). The modified AuNPs/CNCs/SPE showed the highest sensitivity for 4,4'-MDA detection, with a peak current of 9.81 μA compared with 7.08 μA for the bare SPE. The highest sensitivity for 4,4'-MDA oxidation was observed at pH = 7, whereas the detection limit was found at 57 nM and the current response of 4,4'-MDA rose linearly as its concentration increased from 0.12 μM to 100 μM. Experiments using real packaging materials revealed that employing nanoparticles dramatically improved both the sensitivity and the selectivity of the sensor, which can be thus considered as a new analytical tool for quick, simple, and accurate measurement of 4,4'-MDA during converting operations., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (©2023PublishedbyElsevierLtd.)
Published: 2023
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41. Left Ventricular Noncompaction and Coronary Artery Disease: An Unexpected Combination.

Author: Rovera C, Franco E, and Moretti C
Subjects: Humans, Heart Ventricles, Coronary Artery Disease diagnosis, Coronary Artery Disease diagnostic imaging, Heart Defects, Congenital, Isolated Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium complications, Isolated Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium diagnosis
Published: 2023
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42. Organization and Activity of Italian Echocardiographic Laboratories: A Survey of the Italian Society of Echocardiography and Cardiovascular Imaging.

Author: Ciampi Q, Pepi M, Antonini-Canterin F, Barbieri A, Barchitta A, Faganello G, Miceli S, Parato VM, Tota A, Trocino G, Abbate M, Accadia M, Alemanni R, Angelini A, Anglano F, Anselmi M, Aquila I, Aramu S, Avogadri E, Azzaro G, Badano L, Balducci A, Ballocca F, Barbarossa A, Barbati G, Barletta V, Barone D, Becherini F, Benfari G, Beraldi M, Bergandi G, Bilardo G, Binno SM, Bolognesi M, Bongiovi S, Bragato RM, Braggion G, Brancaleoni R, Bursi F, Dessalvi CC, Cameli M, Canu A, Capitelli M, Capra ACM, Carbonara R, Carbone M, Carbonella M, Carrabba N, Casavecchia G, Casula M, Chesi E, Cicco S, Citro R, Cocchia R, Colombo BM, Colonna P, Conte M, Corrado G, Cortesi P, Cortigiani L, Costantino MF, Cozza F, Cucchini U, D'Angelo M, Ros SD, D'Andrea F, D'Andrea A, D'Auria F, De Caridi G, De Feo S, De Matteis GM, De Vecchi S, Giudice CD, Dell'Angela L, Paoli LD, Dentamaro I, Destefanis P, Di Fulvio M, Di Gaetano R, Di Giannuario G, Di Gioia A, Di Martino LFM, Di Muro C, Di Nora C, Di Salvo G, Dodi C, Dogliani S, Donati F, Dottori M, Epifani G, Fabiani I, Ferrara F, Ferrara L, Ferrua S, Filice G, Fiorino M, Forno D, Garini A, Giarratana GA, Gigantino G, Giorgi M, Giubertoni E, Greco CA, Grigolato M, Marra WG, Holzl A, Iaiza A, Iannaccone A, Ilardi F, Imbalzano E, Inciardi R, Inserra CA, Iori E, Izzo A, Rosa G, Labanti G, Lanzone AM, Lanzoni L, Lapetina O, Leiballi E, Librera M, Conte CL, Monaco ML, Lombardo A, Luciani M, Lusardi P, Magnante A, Malagoli A, Malatesta G, Mancusi C, Manes MT, Manganelli F, Mantovani F, Manuppelli V, Marchese V, Marinacci L, Mattioli R, Maurizio C, Mazza GA, Mazza S, Melis M, Meloni G, Merli E, Milan A, Minardi G, Monaco A, Monte I, Montresor G, Moreo A, Mori F, Morini S, Moro C, Morrone D, Negri F, Nipote C, Nisi F, Nocco S, Novello L, Nunziata L, Perini AP, Parodi A, Pasanisi EM, Pastorini G, Pavasini R, Pavoni D, Pedone C, Pelliccia F, Pelliciari G, Pelloni E, Pergola V, Perillo G, Petruccelli E, Pezzullo C, Piacentini G, Picardi E, Pinna G, Pizzarelli M, Pizzuti A, Poggi MM, Posteraro A, Privitera C, Rampazzo D, Ratti C, Rettegno S, Ricci F, Ricci C, Rolando C, Rossi S, Rovera C, Ruggieri R, Russo MG, Sacchi N, Saladino A, Sani F, Sartori C, Scarabeo V, Sciacqua A, Scillone A, Scopelliti PA, Scorza A, Scozzafava A, Serafini F, Serra W, Severino S, Simeone B, Sirico D, Solari M, Spadaro GL, Stefani L, Strangio A, Surace FC, Tamborini G, Tarquinio N, Tassone EJ, Tavarozzi I, Tchana B, Tedesco G, Tinto M, Torzillo D, Totaro A, Triolo OF, Troisi F, Tusa M, Vancheri F, Varasano V, Venezia A, Vermi AC, Villari B, Zampi G, Zannoni J, Zito C, Zugaro A, Di Bella G, and Carerj S
Abstract: Background: The Italian Society of Echocardiography and Cardiovascular Imaging (SIECVI) conducted a national survey to understand better how different echocardiographic modalities are used and accessed in Italy., Methods: We analyzed echocardiography laboratory activities over a month (November 2022). Data were retrieved via an electronic survey based on a structured questionnaire, uploaded on the SIECVI website., Results: Data were obtained from 228 echocardiographic laboratories: 112 centers (49%) in the northern, 43 centers (19%) in the central, and 73 (32%) in the southern regions. During the month of observation, we collected 101,050 transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) examinations performed in all centers. As concern other modalities there were performed 5497 transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) examinations in 161/228 centers (71%); 4057 stress echocardiography (SE) examinations in 179/228 centers (79%); and examinations with ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) in 151/228 centers (66%). We did not find significant regional variations between the different modalities. The usage of picture archiving and communication system (PACS) was significantly higher in the northern (84%) versus central (49%) and southern (45%) centers ( P < 0.001). Lung ultrasound (LUS) was performed in 154 centers (66%), without difference between cardiology and noncardiology centers. The evaluation of left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction was evaluated mainly using the qualitative method in 223 centers (94%), occasionally with the Simpson method in 193 centers (85%), and with selective use of the three-dimensional (3D) method in only 23 centers (10%). 3D TTE was present in 137 centers (70%), and 3D TEE in all centers where TEE was done (71%). The assessment of LV diastolic function was done routinely in 80% of the centers. Right ventricular function was evaluated using tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion in all centers, using tricuspid valve annular systolic velocity by tissue Doppler imaging in 53% of the centers, and using fractional area change in 33% of the centers. When we divided into cardiology (179, 78%) and noncardiology (49, 22%) centers, we found significant differences in the SE (93% vs. 26%, P < 0.001), TEE (85% vs. 18%), UCA (67% vs. 43%, P < 0001), and STE (87% vs. 20%, P < 0.001). The incidence of LUS evaluation was similar between the cardiology and noncardiology centers (69% vs. 61%, P = NS)., Conclusions: This nationwide survey demonstrated that digital infrastructures and advanced echocardiography modalities, such as 3D and STE, are widely available in Italy with a notable diffuse uptake of LUS in the core TTE examination, a suboptimal diffusion of PACS recording, and conservative use of UCA, 3D, and strain. There are significant differences between northern and central-southern regions and echocardiographic laboratories that pertain to the cardiac unit. This inhomogeneous distribution of technology represents one of the main issues that must be solved to standardize the practice of echocardiography., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2023 Journal of Cardiovascular Echography.)
Published: 2023
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43. 'Matrioska left ventricle': a case of double-chambered left ventricle with double mitral valve apparatus.

Author: Rovera C, Valli F, Volpe A, Guazzi M, and Pontone G
Subjects: Heart Ventricles diagnostic imaging, Humans, Mitral Valve diagnostic imaging, Mitral Valve surgery, Heart Defects, Congenital, Heart Valve Diseases
Published: 2022
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44. Secretion of IL1 by Dedifferentiated Melanoma Cells Inhibits JAK1-STAT3-Driven Actomyosin Contractility of Lymph Node Fibroblastic Reticular Cells.

Author: Rovera C, Berestjuk I, Lecacheur M, Tavernier C, Diazzi S, Pisano S, Irondelle M, Mallavialle A, Albrengues J, Gaggioli C, Girard CA, Passeron T, Deckert M, Tartare-Deckert S, and Prod'homme V
Subjects: Actomyosin metabolism, Animals, Fibroblasts metabolism, Humans, Interleukin-1, Janus Kinase 1 metabolism, Lymph Nodes pathology, Mice, STAT3 Transcription Factor metabolism, Melanoma pathology, Skin Neoplasms pathology
Abstract: Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRC) are immunologically specialized myofibroblasts that control the elasticity of the lymph node, in part through their contractile properties. Swelling of tumor-draining lymph nodes is a hallmark of lymphophilic cancers such as cutaneous melanoma. Melanoma displays high intratumoral heterogeneity with the coexistence of melanoma cells with variable differentiation phenotypes from melanocytic to dedifferentiated states. Factors secreted by melanoma cells promote premetastatic lymph node reprograming and tumor spreading. Elucidating the impact of the melanoma secretome on FRC could help identify approaches to prevent metastasis. Here we show that melanocytic and dedifferentiated melanoma cells differentially impact the FRC contractile phenotype. Factors secreted by dedifferentiated cells, but not by melanocytic cells, strongly inhibited actomyosin-dependent contractile forces of FRC by decreasing the activity of the RHOA-RHO-kinase (ROCK) pathway and the mechano-responsive transcriptional coactivator Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator (YAP). Transcriptional profiling and biochemical analyses indicated that actomyosin cytoskeleton relaxation in FRC is driven by inhibition of the JAK1-STAT3 pathway. This FRC relaxation was associated with increased FRC proliferation and activation and with elevated tumor invasion in vitro. The secretome of dedifferentiated melanoma cells also modulated the biomechanical properties of distant lymph node in premetastatic mouse models. Finally, IL1 produced by dedifferentiated cells was involved in the inhibition of FRC contractility. These data highlight the role of the JAK1-STAT3 and YAP pathways in spontaneous contractility of resting FRC. They also suggest that dedifferentiated melanoma cells specifically target FRC biomechanical properties to favor tumor spreading in the premetastatic lymph node niche. Targeting this remote communication could be an effective strategy to prevent metastatic spread of the disease., Significance: Communication between dedifferentiated melanoma cells and lymph node fibroblasts reprograms the biomechanical properties of the premetastatic lymph node niche to promote tumor invasion. See related commentary by Lund, p. 1692., (©2022 American Association for Cancer Research.)
Published: 2022
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45. The Role of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Aortic Stenosis and Regurgitation.

Author: Guglielmo M, Rovera C, Rabbat MG, and Pontone G
Abstract: Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is a well-set diagnostic technique for assessment of valvular heart diseases and is gaining ground in current clinical practice. It provides high-quality images without the administration of ionizing radiation and occasionally without the need of contrast agents. It offers the unique possibility of a comprehensive stand-alone assessment of the heart including biventricular function, left ventricle remodeling, myocardial fibrosis, and associated valvulopathies. CMR is the recognized reference for the quantification of ventricular volumes, mass, and function. A particular strength is the ability to quantify flow, especially with new techniques which allow accurate measurement of stenosis and regurgitation. Furthermore, tissue mapping enables the visualization and quantification of structural changes in the myocardium. In this way, CMR has the potential to yield important prognostic information predicting those patients who will progress to surgery and impact outcomes. In this review, the fundamentals of CMR in assessment of aortic valve diseases (AVD) are described, together with its strengths and weaknesses. This state-of-the-art review provides an updated overview of CMR potentials in all AVD issues, including valve anatomy, flow quantification, ventricular volumes and function, and tissue characterization.
Published: 2022
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46. Targeting Discoidin Domain Receptors DDR1 and DDR2 overcomes matrix-mediated tumor cell adaptation and tolerance to BRAF-targeted therapy in melanoma.

Author: Berestjuk I, Lecacheur M, Carminati A, Diazzi S, Rovera C, Prod'homme V, Ohanna M, Popovic A, Mallavialle A, Larbret F, Pisano S, Audebert S, Passeron T, Gaggioli C, Girard CA, Deckert M, and Tartare-Deckert S
Subjects: Humans, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf, Receptors, Mitogen chemistry, Tumor Microenvironment, Discoidin Domain Receptor 1, Discoidin Domain Receptor 2, Melanoma pathology
Abstract: Resistance to BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy in BRAF V600 -mutated advanced melanoma remains a major obstacle that limits patient benefit. Microenvironment components including the extracellular matrix (ECM) can support tumor cell adaptation and tolerance to targeted therapy; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the process of matrix-mediated drug resistance (MMDR) in response to BRAF V600 pathway inhibition in melanoma. We demonstrate that physical and structural cues from fibroblast-derived ECM abrogate anti-proliferative responses to BRAF/MEK inhibition. MMDR is mediated by drug-induced linear clustering of phosphorylated DDR1 and DDR2, two tyrosine kinase collagen receptors. Depletion and pharmacological targeting of DDR1 and DDR2 overcome ECM-mediated resistance to BRAF-targeted therapy. In xenografts, targeting DDR with imatinib enhances BRAF inhibitor efficacy, counteracts drug-induced collagen remodeling, and delays tumor relapse. Mechanistically, DDR-dependent MMDR fosters a targetable pro-survival NIK/IKKα/NF-κB2 pathway. These findings reveal a novel role for a collagen-rich matrix and DDR in tumor cell adaptation and resistance. They also provide important insights into environment-mediated drug resistance and a preclinical rationale for targeting DDR signaling in combination with targeted therapy in melanoma., (© 2021 The Authors. Published under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license.)
Published: 2022
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47. Influence of Two Innovative Packaging Materials on Quality Parameters and Aromatic Fingerprint of Extra-Virgin Olive Oils.

Author: Farris S, Buratti S, Benedetti S, Rovera C, Casiraghi E, and Alamprese C
Abstract: The performance of two innovative packaging materials was investigated on two Sardinian extra-virgin olive oils (Nera di Gonnos and Bosana). In particular, a transparent plastic film loaded with a UV-blocker (packaging B) and a metallized material (packaging C) were compared each other and to brown-amber glass (packaging A). During accelerated shelf-life tests at 40 and 60 °C, the evolution of quality parameters (i.e., acidity, peroxide value, K 270 , and phenolic content) was monitored, together with the aromatic fingerprint evaluated by electronic nose. Packaging B resulted in the best-performing material in protecting oil from oxidation, due to its lower oxygen transmission rate (0.1 ± 0.02 cm 3 /m 2 24 h) compared to packaging C (0.23 ± 0.04 cm 3 /m 2 24 h). At the end of storage, phenolic reduction was on average 25% for packaging B and 58% for packaging C, and the aromatic fingerprint was better preserved in packaging B. In addition, other factors such as the sanitary status of the olives at harvesting and the storage temperature were demonstrated to have a significant role in the shelf life of packaged extra-virgin olive oil.
Published: 2021
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48. Left atrial appendage morphology at transesophageal echocardiography: how to improve reproducibility?

Author: Anselmino M, Frea S, Gili S, Rovera C, Morello M, Jorfida M, Teodori J, Perversi J, Salvetti I, Grosso Marra W, Faletti R, Righi D, Gaita F, and DE Ferrari GM
Subjects: Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Atrial Appendage diagnostic imaging, Atrial Fibrillation, Echocardiography, Transesophageal
Abstract: Background: Left atrial appendage (LAA) morphology, investigated by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, has proved to relate to the risk of cerebrovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of the present study was to assess reproducibility of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) imaging in describing LAA morphology., Methods: Two-hundred consecutive patients referred for TEE were enrolled. In the first group of 47 (23.5%) patients LAA morphology was analyzed by conventional TEE and described as ChickenWing, Windsock, Cactus or Cauliflower. In the second group of 153 (76.5%) patients, instead, a 3D-Xplane diagnostic algorithm was performed to stratify LAA morphology as linear (ChickenWing) or complex (Windsock/Cactus and Cauliflower). Interobserver variability within three independent readers was assessed in both groups of patients and stratified by operator's experience and training. In a subgroup of 19 (12.4%) patients, the agreement of LAA morphology description by 3D-Xplane diagnostic algorithm was compared to cardiac magnetic resonance., Results: By conventional TEE the agreement among operators on LAA morphology classification was poor (ρ<0.13). The 3D-XPlane diagnostic algorithm, significantly increased interobserver agreement up to ρ=0.32 within all readers and up to ρ=0.82 among the experienced and specifically trained operators. LAA morphology description in this latter group provided strong agreement with cardiac magnetic resonance (up to ρ=0.77)., Conclusions: LAA morphology assessment is challenging by conventional TEE. To improve reproducibility, the use of the 3D-Xplane technique combined with a specific diagnostic algorithm and training of the operators is fundamental.
Published: 2021
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49. From cheese whey permeate to Sakacin-A/bacterial cellulose nanocrystal conjugates for antimicrobial food packaging applications: a circular economy case study.

Author: Rollini M, Musatti A, Cavicchioli D, Bussini D, Farris S, Rovera C, Romano D, De Benedetti S, and Barbiroli A
Subjects: Acetobacteraceae metabolism, Food Packaging, Nanoparticles metabolism, Whey chemistry, Bacteriocins metabolism, Cellulose metabolism, Cheese, Whey metabolism
Abstract: Applying a circular economy approach, this research explores the use of cheese whey permeate (CWP), by-product of whey ultrafiltration, as cheap substrate for the production of bacterial cellulose (BC) and Sakacin-A, to be used in an antimicrobial packaging material. BC from the acetic acid bacterium Komagataeibacter xylinus was boosted up to 6.77 g/L by supplementing CWP with β-galactosidase. BC was then reduced to nanocrystals (BCNCs, 70% conversion yield), which were then conjugated with Sakacin-A, an anti-Listeria bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus sakei in a CWP based broth. Active conjugates (75 Activity Units (AU)/mg), an innovative solution for bacteriocin delivery, were then included in a coating mixture applied onto paper sheets at 25 AU/cm 2 . The obtained antimicrobial food package was found effective in reducing Listeria population in storage trials carried out on a fresh Italian soft cheese (named "stracchino") intentionally inoculated with Listeria. Production costs of the active material have been mainly found to be associated (90%) to the purification steps. Setting a maximum prudential 50% cost reduction during process up-scaling, conjugates coating formulation would cost around 0.89 €/A4 sheet. Results represent a practical example of a circular economy production procedure by using a food industry by-product to produce antimicrobials for food preservation.
Published: 2020
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50. Subclinical Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Severe Obesity and Reverse Cardiac Remodeling after Bariatric Surgery.

Author: Frea S, Andreis A, Scarlatta V, Rovera C, Vairo A, Pistone E, Anselmino M, Golzio PG, Toppino M, Giustetto C, and Gaita F
Abstract: Aim: Obesity is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to assess the role of echocardiography in the early detection of subclinical cardiac abnormalities in a cohort of obese patients with a preserved ejection fraction (EF) undergoing bariatric surgery., Methods and Results: Forty consecutive severely obese patients (body mass index≥35 kg/m2) referring to our center for bariatric surgery were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Despite a baseline EF of 61% ± 3%, almost half patients (43%) had a systolic dysfunction (SD) defined as global longitudinal strain (GLS)>-18%, and most of them (60%) had left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) or concentric remodeling (CR). At 10-months after surgery, body weight decreased from 120 ± 15 kg to 83 ± 12 kg, body mass index from 44 ± 5 kg/m 2 to 31 ± 5 kg/m 2 (both P < 0.001). Septal and left ventricular posterior wall thickness decreased respectively from 10 ± 1 mm to 9 ± 1 mm ( P = 0.004) and from 10 ± 1 mm to 9 ± 1 mm ( P = 0.007). All systolic parameters improved: EF from 61% ± 3% to 64% ± 3% ( P = 0.002) and GLS from -17% ± 2% to -20% ± 1% ( P < 0.001). Epicardial fat thickness reduction (from 4.7 ± 1 mm to 3.5 ± 0.7 mm, P < 0.001) correlated with the reduction of left atrial area ( P < 0.001 R = 0.35) and volume ( P = 0.02 R = 0.25). Following bariatric surgery, we observed a reduced prevalence of LVH/CR (before 60%, after 22%, P = 0.001) and a complete resolution of preclinical SD (before 43%, after 0%, P < 0.001). Moreover, a postoperative reduction of at least 30 kg correlated with regression of septal hypertrophy ( P < 0.001)., Conclusions: Obese patients candidate to bariatric surgery have an high prevalence of preclinical SD and LVH/CR, early detectable with echocardiography. Bariatric surgery is associated with reverse cardiac remodeling; it might also have a preventive effect on atrial fibrillation occurrence by reducing its substrate., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2020 Journal of Cardiovascular Echography.)
Published: 2020
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