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We examined the association between autistic traits and sexual orientation in a general adult population (N = 47,356). Autistic traits were measured with the ten items Autistic Quotient questionnaire using a cut-off score of = 6. Sexual orientation was assessed by self-report. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for sexual orientation categories. Participants with autistic traits were more likely to identify as bisexual (OR 1.73; 95% CI 1.01-2.9) and to feel that their sexual orientation could neither be described as hetero-, homo- nor bisexual (OR 3.05; 95% CI 2.56-3.63), compared to individuals without autistic traits. Autistic traits are associated with minority sexual orientation, and perhaps with uncertain self-identification and/or a defiance of traditional ways of categorizing sexual identity.

We examined the association between autistic traits and sexual orientation in a general adult population (N = 47,356). Autistic traits were measured with the ten items Autistic Quotient questionnaire using a cut-off score of [greater than or equal to] 6. Sexual orientation was assessed by self-report. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for sexual orientation categories. Participants with autistic traits were more likely to identify as bisexual (OR 1.73; 95% CI 1.01-2.9) and to feel that their sexual orientation could neither be described as hetero-, homo- nor bisexual (OR 3.05; 95% CI 2.56-3.63), compared to individuals without autistic traits. Autistic traits are associated with minority sexual orientation, and perhaps with uncertain self-identification and/or a defiance of traditional ways of categorizing sexual identity., Author(s): Christiane E. S. Rudolph [sup.1] [sup.2] , Andreas Lundin [sup.2] , Jill W. Åhs [sup.2] , Christina Dalman [sup.2] [sup.3] , Kyriaki Kosidou [sup.2] [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) Institute [...]

Electron microscopical and histopathological investigations were carried out on the anterior kidney of ten 1-year-old farmed rainbow trout naturally infected with the external signs of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS). The histopathology of the liver and the haematology of peripheral blood were also examined. The presumptive virus of VHS was directly demonstrated for the first time in the anterior kidney. All diseased fishes showed necrotic changes in the kidney and the liver. The melano-macrophage centres of the anterior kidney showed a partial destruction accompanied with a loss of melanin. A progressive destruction of the erythrocytes was observed. The liver exhibited moderate to extensive necrosis (karyorrhexis and karyolysis with lymphocytic invasion in the necrotic areas). Neither intranuclear nor intracytoplasmatic inclusions were observed. In the peripheral blood diverse stages of erythrocytic degeneration, amitoses of the erythrocytes and a five-fold increase in lymphocyte numbers were observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the more common sexually transmitted diseases in Germany. Vaccination against HPV was introduced in Germany in 2007. In this study, we sought to detect a population-based decline in the incidence of cervical cancer in women under age 30 who were eligible for vaccination in the first 11 years after its introduction., Methods: Data on new diagnoses of HPV-associated cervical cancer from 2004 to 2018 were obtained from the cancer registries of the German federal states (Bundesländer) through the German Center for Cancer Registry Data (ZfKD). Trends in the incidence of invasive and in situ cervical cancer were determined with log-linear joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort models., Results: The incidence of cervical cancer, which had been rising in the previous decades, has been falling since 2010, with a marked decline among women in all age groups eligible for vaccination (e.g., from 70.0 to 41.8 cases per 100 000 persons per year from 2010 to 2018 in women aged 24 to 26). Women born in 1992 were the first to become eligible for vaccination and have a 24% lower incidence than the reference cohort of women born in 1989 (relative risk 0.76, 95% confidence interval [0.68; 0.86]). Larger effects were found in later birth cohorts, in which vaccination was more widespread., Conclusion: Eleven years after the introduction of HPV vaccination, a drop in the incidence of cervical cancer was observable at the population level in the birth cohorts eligible for vaccination.

Aim: Vaccines against human papillomaviruses are covered by statutory health insurances in Germany since March 2007. A reduction of cervical and other HPV-associated cancers is expected. Incidence rates of HPV-associated cancers preceding the introduction of vaccines are unknown. These, however, are important for assessing the effects of HPV vaccines. The aim of the present study was to bridge this knowledge gap., Methods: Based on cancer registry data from seven federal states, average yearly incidence rates for cervical, anogenital, oropharyngeal cancers and cancers of the oral cavity were calculated for the period 2003 to 2007. Additionally, estimated numbers of cases give an overview on the total burden of disease caused by HPV-associated cancers in Germany. Incidence trends from 2003 to 2013 are also presented., Results: In Germany, 11,686 cases of invasive HPV-associated cancers occurred yearly before the introduction of HPV vaccines. The most common sites are cervical cancers for women (4,387 cases) and oropharyngeal cancers for men (2,770 cases) with age-standardized incidence rates of 8.8 and 5.9 cases per 100,000 persons, respectively. The age-standardized incidence rate for in situ cervical cancers amounts to 23.5 cases per 100 000 women. Incidence trends show significant increases of invasive vulvar, penile and anorectal cancers., Conclusion: This work presents robust incidence data of HPV-associated cancers in Germany prior to the introduction of the HPV vaccine. Effects of HPV vaccines on the incidence of HPV-associated cancers can be estimated for Germany earliest in 2019., Competing Interests: Die Autoren geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht., (© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.)