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We investigated the changes in antioxidative enzyme activities of two sweet potato cultivars under waterlogging and high-light conditions in the growth chamber. The activities of antioxidative enzymes were measured from leaf crude extract of sweet potato during the first five days of the treatments. Activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were consistently increased in Taoyuan 1 sweet potato over time under waterlogging and high-light conditions. However, decreases in both superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were observed for cultivar Yongtsai under waterlogging and high-light conditions. Waterlogging, together with high-light intensity, impairs superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in the cultivar Yongtsai indicating its greater susceptibility to waterlogging and high-light stress. In contrast, the increase in activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in Taoyuan 1 indicated its greater ability to detoxify reactive oxygen species during the treatment and ensured its reduced susceptibility to waterlogging and high-light stress. The activities of peroxidase may be inactivated by high-light treatment and, therefore, may not be associated with tolerance of sweet potato plants to waterlogging and high-light stress. Differences in susceptibility to waterlogging and high-light conditions in the leafy vegetable Yongtsai and storage root Taoyuan 1 are discussed.