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The local distortions and electron paramagnetic resonance parameters for Cu2+ in the mixed alkali borate glasses xNa2 O-(30-x)K2 O-70B2 O3 (5 ≤ x ≤ 25 mol%) are theoretically studied with distinct modifier Na2 O compositions x. Owing to the Jahn-Teller effect, the octahedral [CuO6 ]10- clusters show significant tetragonal elongation ratios p ~19% along the C4 axis. With the increase of composition x, the cubic field parameter Dq and the orbital reduction factor k exhibit linearly and quasi-linearly decreasing tendencies, respectively, whereas the relative tetragonal elongation ratio p has quasi-linearly increasing rule with some fluctuations, leading to the minima of g factors at x = 10 mol%. The composition dependences of the optical spectra and the electron paramagnetic resonance parameters are suitably reproduced by the linear or quasi-linear relationships of the relevant quantities (i.e., Dq, k, and p) with x. The above composition dependences are analyzed from mixed alkali effect, which brings forward the modifications of the local crystal-fields and the electronic cloud distribution around Cu2+ with the variation of the composition of Na2 O.

The local distortions and electron paramagnetic resonance parameters for Cu

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is one of the major complications of diabetes mellitus. Oxidative stress appears to play a substantial role in cardiomyopathy. Grape seed procyanidin B2 (GSPB2) has been known as an anti-oxidant in treating diabetes mellitus; however, little is known about its effects and underlying mechanisms on diabetic cardiomyopathy. The present study is to explore the molecular targets of GSPB2 responsible for the anti-oxidative effects in db/db mice by quantitative proteomics. GSPB2 (30 mg/kg body weight/day) were intragastric administrated to db/db mice for 10 weeks. Proteomics of the heart tissue extracts by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification analysis was obtained from db/db mice. Our study provides important evidence that GSPB2 protect against cardiomyopathy in diabetes mellitus, which are believed to result from regulating the expression of key proteins involving cardiac fibrosis and proliferation. GSPB2 could be expected to become novel clinical application in fighting against diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Precipitation is the main dynamic factors of soil erosion on the loess plateau region; the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation has a great impact on the process of runoff and sediment yield. Luoyugou watershed is a typical small one of the third sub-region in gully and hilly regions of the Loess Plateau, which was laid the precipitation stations and the transfer stations for rainfall, runoff, sediment observation since the mid-1980s by the Tianshui Soil and Water Conservation Experimental station of Yellow River Conservancy Committee, who carried out the rule of basin soil erosion research. In this paper, on the basis of the observation data of Luoyugou watershed since 1985 to 2010, the precipitation features of the Luoyugou basin in recent 26 years were analyzed. And the analyzing results indicated that: The average annual rainfall of Luoyugou watershed is 548.4 mm, and the interannual and in-year precipitation of the watershed change greatly, uneven distribution of time and space; MK test showed that there is a slight increasing trend of the annual area rainfall, but is insignificant, and three break points occurred during the period on the base of the observed annual rainfall data. Meanwhile, relation between the annual precipitation, runoff and sediment yield was analyzed, and it turned out that the annual precipitation and annual runoff had a higher related degree. In conclusion, the rainfall has its own characteristics and has obvious impact on runoff and sediment yield. However, more study on the features of precipitation under different scales is required in the future.