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1. A taxonomic revision of Phlegmariurus Holub (Lycopodiaceae) from China

Author

Rihong JIANG, Ruichen XIANG, and Xianchun ZHANG

Subjects
phlegmariurus, taxonomic revision, infrageneric classification, new synonyms, lycopodiaceae, china, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract

Plants of the lycophyte genus Phlegmariurus contain the chemical compound Huperzine A, the effective medicinal component treating Alzheimer's disease, thus with huge economic value. To protect the natural resources, plants of the whole genus are listed as the National Key Protected Wild plants in China. In this paper, we revised the taxonomy of Phlegmariurus distributed in China based on morphological, ecological, and geographical evidence. We recognized 21 species from China, and organized them into four sections. Sect. Fargesiani X. C. Zhang & R. H. Jiang is newly established, and the other three sections were revised based on previous studies, i.e., Sect. Hamiltoniani C. Y. Yang, emend. X. C. Zhang & R. H. Jiang; Sect. Phlegmariurus; and Sect. Squarrosurus (Herter) X. C. Zhang & R. H. Jiang, comb. & stat. nov. We reduced the following taxon names to synonymies of various species of Phlegmariurus: Huperzia medogensis, Phlegmariurus austrosinicus, P. changii, P. nylamensis, P. cancellatus var. minor, P. qiongzhongensis, and P. shangsiensis.

Published
2023
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2. Alterations in microRNA expression in the tissues of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) following microcystin-LR exposure

Author

Junguo Ma, Yiyi Feng, Ruichen Xiang, and Xiaoyu Li

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Carps, Microcystins, medicine.medical_treatment, Intraperitoneal injection, Down-Regulation, Spleen, Biology, Toxicology, Kidney, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, microRNA, medicine, Animals, Silver carp, Fatty acid metabolism, biology.organism_classification, Molecular biology, Up-Regulation, MicroRNAs, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Liver, Toxicity, Marine Toxins, Signal transduction
Abstract

In the field of toxicology, the relationship between microRNAs (miRNAs) and microcystin-LR (MC-LR) toxicity in fish is still poorly understood. In the present study, we used quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) to examine the expression of 7 miRNAs (let-7b, miR-21, miR-122, miR-27b, miR-148, miR-125a, and miR-143) that play regulatory roles in biological processes such as signal transduction, apoptosis, cell cycle, and fatty acid metabolism. Expression patterns were assessed in the liver, spleen, and kidney of silver carp following 8, 24, and 48 h of exposure to MC-LR via intraperitoneal injection (50 or 200 μg/kg of body weight). The results of qPCR analysis showed that the expression of the 7 miRNAs was either upregulated or downregulated in response to MC-LR exposure. These results indicate that acute MC-LR exposure altered miRNAs expression profiles in the liver, spleen, and kidney of silver carp, suggesting that miRNAs may be involved in MC-LR toxicity.

Published
2016

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