1. Exploring Dietary Behavior Changes Due to the COVID-19 Confinement in Colombia: A National and Regional Survey Study
- Author
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Sonia L. Pertuz-Cruz, Esther Molina-Montes, Celia Rodríguez-Pérez, Eduardo J. Guerra-Hernández, Olga P. Cobos de Rangel, Reyes Artacho, Vito Verardo, María Dolores Ruiz-Lopez, Belén García-Villanova, [Pertuz-Cruz,SL, Molina-Montes,E, Guerra-Hernández,EJ, Artacho,R, Verardo,V, Ruiz-Lopez,MD, García-Villanova,B] Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain, [Pertuz-Cruz,SL, Cobos de Rangel,OP] Departamento de Nutrición Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia. [Molina-Montes,E, Rodríguez-Pérez,C, and Ruiz-Lopez,MD] Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA) 'José Mataix', University of Granada, Granada, Spain. [Molina-Montes,E] Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain. [Molina-Montes,E] Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain. [Rodríguez-Pérez,C] Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Melilla, Spain.
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Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates [Medical Subject Headings] ,COVID-19 confinement ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Principal Component Analysis [Medical Subject Headings] ,Geographical Locations::Geographic Locations::Americas::South America::Colombia [Medical Subject Headings] ,Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings] ,Eating ,0302 clinical medicine ,Phenomena and Processes::Digestive System and Oral Physiological Phenomena::Digestive System Physiological Phenomena::Digestive System Processes::Eating [Medical Subject Headings] ,Cooking ,Technology and Food and Beverages::Food and Beverages::Food::Fruit [Medical Subject Headings] ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Dietary patterns ,Technology and Food and Beverages::Food and Beverages::Food::Meals::Snacks [Medical Subject Headings] ,Original Research ,education.field_of_study ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Snacking ,Dietary habits ,Culinary processes ,Dietary behavior ,Geography ,Population study ,Dieta occidental ,Analysis of variance ,lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Conducta alimentaria ,Population ,dietary patterns ,lcsh:TX341-641 ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet [Medical Subject Headings] ,culinary processes ,Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Feeding Behavior [Medical Subject Headings] ,Culinaria ,03 medical and health sciences ,Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Habits [Medical Subject Headings] ,Serving size ,Environmental health ,medicine ,Chemicals and Drugs::Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides::Nucleic Acids::RNA::RNA, Viral [Medical Subject Headings] ,Encuestas nutricionales ,education ,dietary habits ,Nutrition ,Nutritional survey ,Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet::Serving Size [Medical Subject Headings] ,Technology and Food and Beverages::Technology, Industry, and Agriculture::Industry::Food Industry::Food Handling::Cooking [Medical Subject Headings] ,Public health ,COVID-19 ,Organisms::Eukaryota::Plants::Plants, Edible::Vegetables [Medical Subject Headings] ,Diseases::Virus Diseases::RNA Virus Infections::Nidovirales Infections::Coronaviridae Infections::Coronavirus Infections [Medical Subject Headings] ,nutritional survey ,Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Analysis of Variance [Medical Subject Headings] ,Food Science - Abstract
The authors would like to extend their gratitude and acknowledgments to all study participants and to all Foundations, Institutions, and Societies that supported the survey, helping in the process of dissemination: Asociacion Colombiana de Dietistas y Nutricionistas, ACODIN, Asociacion Colombiana de Facultades de Nutricion y Dietetica (ACOFANUD), Asociacion de Egresados de Nutricion y Dietetica de la Universidad Nacional (ANDUN), Colegio colombiano de nutricionistas Dietistas-COLNUD, Observatorio de Soberania y Seguridad alimentaria y Nutricional de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia (OBSSAN UN). The authors are also thankful to Gloria Esperanza Prada Gomez from Universidad Industrial de Santander (Facultad de Salud, Escuela de Nutricion y Dietetica), who also supported the dissemination of the survey in the Eastern region of Colombia. Sonia Liliana Pertuz Cruz is thankful to Fundacion Carolina, for a doctoral scholarship award., The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of coronavirus SARS-Cov2 (COVID-19) confinement measures in Colombia on the dietary behaviors of a large population sample, at national and regional levels. A survey was conducted to assess dietary behaviors during the COVID-19 confinement. The survey involved 2,745 participants, aged 18 years or older, from six regions of the country (Atlantica, Bogota, Central, Oriental, Orinoquia and Amazonia, and Pacifica). Dietary intake of foods and foods groups in grams per day before and during the confinement was estimated by considering standard serving sizes of foods. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze differences between the regions with regard to dietary behavior changes during the confinement. Differences were deemed significant at p-value < 0.05. Dietary patterns (DPs) before and during the confinement were derived from principal component analysis. Certain dietary habits were adopted by the study population during the confinement (e.g., higher frequency of snacking and home cooking), with significant differences by regions with regard to these habits, as well as regarding culinary processes. The levels of consumption of several foods also changed during the confinement, nationally and regionally. We identified three DPs before the confinement (protein-rich, carbohydrate-rich, and sugar foods patterns) and four DPs during the confinement (westernized, carbohydrate-rich, protein-rich, fish and fruits-vegetable patterns), with an explained total variance of 33 and 45%, respectively. The profile of these DPs varied to some extent between the regions; their adherence to each DP also varied (p-value < 0.001). Our results show that there were marked differences by regions in the dietary behaviors of this population during the confinement, with an overall trend toward unhealthier DPs. These results may help to shape public health nutrition interventions in Colombia during the COVID-19 pandemic and in a post-COVID stage., Fundacion Carolina, Asociacion Colombiana de Dietistas y Nutricionistas, ACODIN, Asociacion Colombiana de Facultades de Nutricion y Dietetica (ACOFANUD), Asociacion de Egresados de Nutricion y Dietetica de la Universidad Nacional (ANDUN), Colegio colombiano de nutricionistas Dietistas-COLNUD, Observatorio de Soberania y Seguridad alimentaria y Nutricional de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia (OBSSAN UN)
- Published
- 2021
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