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El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la eficacia del método de aprendizaje diferencial caótico frente al tradicional durante la enseñanza de la técnica del bote de balón. Participaron 12 jugadores de baloncesto nóveles, divididos en dos grupos de 6 participantes -grupo entrenamiento tradicional (ETR) y grupo entrenamiento diferencial (EDC)-. Cada uno de los métodos de aprendizaje se desarrolló durante 8 semanas, a razón de 2 sesiones por semana de 30 min de duración. Los participantes realizaron un test de control de balón antes del comienzo de la intervención y tras la finalización de la misma, después de la octava semana. Los resultados mostraron una reducción del 12,27% del tiempo empleado en la prueba de control de balón para el ETR al comparar los tiempos registrados antes (8,44±0,35sg) y después (7,41±0,32sg) del comienzo del entrenamiento. Lo mismo ocurrió con el EDC, dónde se redujo el tiempo un 10,16% (7,96±0,70sg) respecto a los tiempos iniciales (8,35±0,43sg). Sin embargo, al comparar los resultados obtenidos entre los dos programas de entrenamiento, no hubo diferencias significativas en los tiempos registrados (p=0,278). Los resultados mostraron como la intervención sobre el elemento técnico de bote en baloncesto mediante entrenamiento diferencial resultó ser igual de beneficiosa que la realizada mediante un método tradicional. Dados los pocos estudios que han aplicado el método diferencial caótico, parece necesario plantear mayores periodos de intervención para conocer si éste puede obtener mejores rendimientos respecto al aprendizaje tradicional.

The existence of three walls on both court sides in padel is a unique characteristic from which particular offensive and defensive behaviours emerged. The aim of this study was to assess the differ...

The purpose of this research was to assess the variability of the oxygen consumption (VO2) depending on fin type and the flutter technique used for the different divers’ profile. Twenty-three SCUBA...

Physical exercise is considered an important intervention for promoting well-being and healthy aging. The objective was to determine the effects of moderate-to-high intensity resistance circuit training on different parameters of body composition, functional autonomy, muscular strength and quality of life in elderly. A randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 45 subjects (27 females, 18 males) aged between 65–75 years old from Murcia (Spain) were divided by sex, and randomly to experimental group (n = 33, mean age 69 ± 3.2 years old) receiving 12 weeks of moderate-to-high intensity resistance circuit training and control group (n = 33, mean age 70 ± 4.1 years old) receiving no exercise intervention. Intra-group comparison, the experimental group showed a significant increment of lean body mass in women and men, which also presented a decrease of fat mass. Both sex presented a significant improve in functional autonomy, and significately higher values of muscular strength. But no changes were observed regarding quality of life in these groups. The control group did not show any differences pre and post-intervention in women, but in men presented an increment of body mass index and total weight post-intervention. No changes were showed in the other variables. Similar results were founded at inter-group comparison. The moderate-to-high intensity resistance circuit training showed increase in total lean body mass, improvements in functional capacity and significantly increase in upper and lower muscular strength in women and men. Progressive resistance circuit training should be promoted for the elderly as it has the potential to improve physical performance, thereby prolonging healthy independent aging. This research has been supported by Catholic University of San Antonio, Murcia (UCAM) under grant [PMAFI/03/12].

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of the profile of recreational divers and their flutter technique on air consumption, depending on the fin type used. Twenty-three SCUBA divers took part in four 2.5-hour sessions to evaluate a total of eight fin models. The flutter routines lasted 30 minutes per fin and per technique, with a rest period of 15 minutes between each. The divers’ velocities were kept at 0.44 m/s. When the eight fin models were compared. The independent variables pertaining to the experience and qualification of the divers (professional and certified), diving technique (crawl and frog kick) and the fin type (F) were recorded. The dependent variable was the diver’s air consumption (DAC). Before starting the flutter routine, two initial control measurements were made. The first was the diver’s basal air consumption (BAC). The second measurement consisted of measuring the divers’ lower limb strength. To determine the divers’ air consumption (DAC) for each of the different fin types, the divers’ flutter routines were maintained at the same velocity using an electronic speed control system

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar los valores de la velocidad y de la precisión en el lanzamiento de siete metros en balonmano con jóvenes jugadores en función de la distribución de la práctica. En este estudio han participado dos grupos de diez jugadores de balonmano de categoría infantil (12,5 años, SD=0,9). Cada uno de estos dos grupos ha sido sometido a dos condiciones de práctica diferente (práctica concentrada y distribuida), en tres series de lanzamientos. Los resultados han mostrado que el grupo con una mayor concentración de la práctica lanza con menor precisión la segunda que la primera serie (F1,9 = 7.92; p

The aims of the present study were: to review, identify and analyse the research studies which have investigated the influential factors in sailing performance and to determine which of them are most important. The data were obtained from an analysis carried out in ten different databases, using the words “sail”, “sailing”, and “sailor” as search descriptors in scientific articles. The search included those articles

Relationship Between Motor Variability, Accuracy, and Ball Speed in the Tennis Serve The main objective of this study was to analyze the motor variability in the performance of the tennis serve and its relationship to performance outcome. Seventeen male tennis players took part in the research, and they performed 20 serves. Linear and non-linear variability during the hand movement was measured by 3D Motion Tracking. Ball speed was recorded with a sports radar gun and the ball bounces were video recorded to calculate accuracy. The results showed a relationship between the amount of variability and its non-linear structure found in performance of movement and the outcome of the serve. The study also found that movement predictability correlates with performance. An increase in the amount of movement variability could affect the tennis serve performance in a negative way by reducing speed and accuracy of the ball.

Resumen tomado de la publicación Se presentan los efectos de la aplicación de un sistema automatizado para el aprendizaje del tenis en condiciones de interferencia contextual. Dicho sistema permite el registro de la precisión alcanzada en los golpeos mediante un protocolo de filmación audiovisual. Una vez filmadas las imágenes se aplica un proceso de digitalización para analizar el error variable de los envíos, determinando así la consistencia de los golpeos. Se analizaron los resultados obtenidos por 8 tenistas, tras un periodo de aprendizaje de 3 semanas, valorando el mantenimiento del rendimiento mediante 4 tests de retención, realizados posteriormente a la fase de aprendizaje inicial. Los resultados muestran mejoras en los cuatro golpes practicados tras el periodo de aprendizaje, así como una tendencia poco acusada de pérdida del rendimiento tras los periodos sin práctica. Cataluña Universidad Pública de Navarra. Biblioteca; Campus de Arrosadía; 31006 Pamplona; Tel. +34948169060; Fax +34948169069; bupna@unavarra.es ESP

Este estudo teve como propósito caracterizar os elementos da amostra relativamente à sua composição corporal, através do índice de massa corporal e da percentagem de massa gorda, à capacidade cardiorrespiratória, aos hábitos alimentares e de consumo de tabaco, índices de prática de actividade física e verificar se existiam relações estatisticamente significativas entre estas variáveis. O estudo decorreu em 2006 e 2007 e foi realizado no município de Beja, cidade do Sul de Portugal. Foi utilizada uma amostra constituída por 183 alunos que frequentavam no ano lectivo 2006/07 o 1º ano dos cursos existentes numa instituição do ensino superior, com idades compreendidas entre 18 e 40 anos. Através de um questionário, da prova de Astrand e da técnica da bioimpedância eléctrica obtivemos os resultados que nos permitiram atingir os objectivos pretendidos.Utilizámos o programa Bodygram para a obtenção dos dados relativos ao índice de massa corporal e à percentagem de massa gorda e o programa SPSS versão 14.0, para realizar a análise descritiva dos dados, uma análise de variância e ainda uma análise correlacional. Verificámos que 62,8% dos elementos da amostra apresentavam valores de percentagem de massa gorda acima do recomendado e que 55,7% obtiveram valores de VO2máx. muito baixos. Verificámos também que 61,7% não se consideravam sujeitos activos no que se refere à prática de actividade física regular, apresentando-se esta variável correlacionadacom o VO2máx. (p=0,01). Pudemos concluir que a maioria dos elementos da nossa amostra apresentava baixos índices de adesão à prática da actividade física, deficiente capacidade cardiorrespiratória e valores elevados no que se refere à percentagem de massa gorda. A prática da actividade física revelou-se correlacionada positivamente com a capacidade cardiorrespiratória. É necessária a implementação de campanhas mais eficazes de combate à obesidade e de sensibilização para a prática regular da actividade física e de bons hábitos alimentares., The purpose of this study was to characterize the subjects of the sample in what concerns their corporal composition, through the index of corporal mass and of the percentage of fat mass, their cardiorespiratory capacity, their eating and smoking habits, and indexes of practice of physical activity. It also aimed to verify if there were statisticallyrelevant relationships between these variables. The study was carried out in 2006 and 2007, in Beja, a city in the South of Portugal. The sample comprised 183 students attending the first year of all the courses of a higher education institution in the school year of 2006/07, with ages ranging from 18 to 40 years old. Through a questionnaire, the Astrand Test, and the technique of electric bioimpedance, we obtained the results that allowed us to reach the intended objectives. We used the program Bodygram to obtain the data related to the index of corporal mass and the percentage of fat mass, and the program SPSS, version 14.0, to accomplish the descriptive analysis of the data, a variance analysis and also a correlational analysis. We found evidence that 62.8% of the subjects of the sample presented values of percentage of fat mass above the recommended limits and that 55.7% obtained very low values of VO2max. We also found that 61.7% didn’t consider themselves active subjects in what concerns the regular practice of physical activity, and that this variable was correlated with VO2máx.(p=0.01). We could conclude that most of the subjects of our sample presented low indexes of physical activity, deficient cardiorespiratory capacity and high values in what concerns the percentage of fat mass. The practice of physical activity showed to be positively correlated with the cardiorespiratory capacity. It is necessary to implement more effective campaigns to combat obesity and to sensitize for the regular practice of physical activity and for good eating habits.