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Siden begynnelsen av 2000-tallet har ulike boligløsninger for personer med psykisk helse- og/eller rusproblematikk blitt etablert i norske kommuner. I denne studien har vi brukt en diskursiv tilnærming og analysert tekster (forskningsrapporter, kommunale dokumenter og veiledere) om slike boliger. Våre funn viser at beboerne beskrives som «forskjellige fra oss», som noen som tilhører en gruppe hvor alle har «samme behov», og som trenger «unormal normalitet». Videre synliggjør tekstene at boligene plasseres på steder utenfor ordinære bomiljø, at det benyttes robust materiale i utformingen, og at boligene skal være små. På den måten tegnes det et felles boligspråk om den best egnete boligen innen psykisk helse- og rusfeltet, som kan legitimere en rigid, kommunal boligpraksis. Artikkelen konkluderer med at slike boligmodeller bidrar til stigmatisering.

The concept of Rus holds significant relevance in the context of the ongoing Russian-Ukrainian war, particularly when examining the military memory of Ukrainians. This paper aims to analyze the significance of Rus in Ukrainian military memory, as reflected in the names of modern military units. The current names of individual Ukrainian brigades are intricately linked to important figures from medieval Rus and Lithuania. Despite the majority of units being named after figures from the Cossack era or individuals associated with the Liberation struggles of 1917â1921, the inclusion of references to the princely period serves to evoke military pride. Russiaâs narrative revolves around the Soviet concept of the Great Patriotic War, emphasizing figures from medieval times without delving deeply into their ties to Rus. The conclusions highlight a distinctive precedent in terms of divergent memory politics, showcasing the Ukrainian perspectiveâs active exploration of Rusâ past as pivotal in Ukrainian statehood.

In the XIV–XV centuries decorative art is being revived in Rus, based on pre-Mongol samples. The main support remained Byzantine samples, where lush floral patterns and Arabic calligraphy continued to be used. The masters observed new oriental ornaments from the rich arsenal collected in the Golden Horde. Despite the analogies with oriental ones, Russian ornaments retain their originality and find the closest analogies with each other. Own ornamentation system with new compositions of wicker and spiral ornaments was created. Similarity with the Eastern arabesque arises from the logic of ornamental development, striving for mobility. Russian art independently reacts to phenomena topical to the period. XIV–XV centuries – a period of experiments with various ornaments, some of them were rejected during the consolidation of Russian ornamentalism in the XVI century.

The article presents the results of an analysis of Romny culture bracelets in order to reveal the sources of origin of certain forms. In total, 48 bracelets were recorded, excluding 7 items of the 1915 hoard from Korobkino, which is the subject of a special publication. The most popular bracelets were made of wire with expanding ends (30 items), the prototypes of which are well known among Slavic antiquities of the VI–VIII centuries. These items, along with plate bracelets with expanding ends (6 items), that appeared in Volyntsevo time, act as a kind of marker of the Romny culture at the Eastern European Slavic-Russian sites of the IX–X centuries. Russian imports are represented by a wire bracelet with tied ends from Shpilevka, as well as jewelry from Korobkino. Four thin wire bracelets reflect the influence of Khazar fashion. The use of silver as a raw material (3 items) suggests their local production. Two iron plate bracelets with loops at the ends most likely came directly from the Khaganate. There are weak connections with the Finnish environment of the Volga region, as well as contacts between the inhabitants of Novotroitskoe and Truvorovo hillforts. In general, the set of Romny bracelets represents an essentially original phenomenon.

This paper presents the results from analysis of thirty 12th to 13th century glass bangles from Czermno, eastern Poland. Study of the primary glass composition was carried out by laser ablation ICP‐MS and electron probe microanalysis. Lead isotope analyses were conducted to determine the origin of the glass's main raw material. Two types of lead glass were distinguished, high‐lead glass and Slavic lead ash glass, both of which were common in Central and Eastern Europe in the early Middle Ages. Isotopic investigations show that the lead flux for the Slavic glass likely came from the Cracow–Upper Silesia region in southern Poland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article is a response to the criticism by D.V. Puzanov. The main arguments and counterarguments are summarized. New evidence is provided in favor of the hypothesis that the oaths taken by the pagan Rus and the Greeks to ratify the agreements between them assumed that the oath breakers would be magically slayed by their own “animated” weapons. This is because the Scandinavians, including the Rus, believed that their weapons were “alive” and capable of “reviving” or “dying” regardless of the owner’s desire. The images of the Scandinavian ornaments with “living” weapons acting independently of their owners are analyzed. Through a number of examples, the practical attitude of the Scandinavians to their faith is shown: they treated the gods as partners in a kind of agreement about divine help. References are provided to the historiographical sources that support the idea of animation of weapons in the Scandinavian and Rus cultures, in which weapons appeared as living creatures with their life paths and destinies, as well as capable of physical action, “reviving”, and “dying”.

The last century of archaeological exploration has brought to light many late antique villae (mid-3rd - early-5th centuries CE), and much has been made of the ways these sites visually reinforce the increasingly fraught patron-client relations that characterize the late antique world in scholarship. My paper challenges these assumptions, using material evidence to illustrate a more complex, symbiotic relationship between late antique villae and the rus. The late Roman countryside was stratified, but to presume an especially oppressive relationship between estates and rural populations is to perpetuate synthesis of this period as synonymous with decline, and to disregard more nuanced evidence in the archaeological record. I discuss cult structures on three estates in the Ebro River Valley in ancient Tarraconensis (Spain) to argue that villae courted and catered to sub-elite rural population groups, who were themselves receptive to such offerings. By highlighting these interdependencies, this paper aims to bring greater contour to our understanding of the mechanisms animating the provincial countryside in late antiquity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines Rus' chronicles' information about female political participation. Frequent omission of women's given names in the chronicles is often interpreted as evidence that Rus princesses were less politically significant than Western and Byzantine elite women. An analysis of East Slavonic name usage offered below challenges this interpretation. The paper argues that the scarcity of information about women in the extant sources does not reflect the realities of pre-Mongol Rus, and that elite women in Rus were no less politically active than their counterparts in the rest of Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the peculiarities of the formation of family law in the Rus state through the prism of the reception of the relevant provisions of the Byzantine legislation. To achieve the validity of theoretical propositions and conclusions, the author used a set of philosophical, general scientific and special scientific methods, namely: historical-legal, comparative-legal, historical-functional, formallegal, hermeneutic-legal, etc. The article emphasizes that the reception of Roman-Byzantine law took place through the translation into Church Slavonic of Byzantine legal texts (Eclogue, Prochiron, etc.), their thoughtful processing, subsequent rewriting and distribution. It is proven that during this process the provisions of Roman-Byzantine law are not blindly copied, but creatively reinterpreted, changed, adapted to Rus legal, political and socio-economic realities. It was determined that during the creation of local written sources of law (Russkaya Pravda, Church Statute of Prince Yaroslav), Byzantine legal acts were a kind of standard. It has been proven that the norms of Byzantine marriage and family law were most actively adopted in Rus. It was established that for most branches of Rus law, except for marriage and family, the reception of norms of Roman-Byzantine law had a limited character, and the provisions of Byzantine law often acted as «subsidiary» law. The author came to the conclusion that thanks to the Christian Church, provisions establishing the age of marriage, conditions for the validity of marriage, grounds for divorce of each spouse, etc., were adopted into Rus law. It was established that provisions borrowed from the Eclogue and Prochiron gave a woman in Rus the right to divorce, and the reasons for it were fixed by law. The thesis that the Byzantine institutions of family law adopted in the Rus era have become an integral part of the Ukrainian legal tra dition is substantiated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lex Humana is the property of Lex Humana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Technological developments in the automotive industry have experienced significant progress in recent years. Currently, many electric vehicles are being produced as an environmentally friendly alternative to vehicles. The use of electric vehicles has become an intense topic of conversation in society, giving rise to various responses and opinions on Twitter. This research aims to analyze Indonesian people's sentiment regarding using electric vehicles through data collected from Twitter. Sentiment analysis is carried out using a machine-learning approach. The best method for pattern recognition problems is a Support Vector Machine (SVM) to sort each comment into positive or negative sentiments. Meanwhile, SVM classification performance was measured using the Confusion Matrix method. In this research, the Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE) method and the Random Undersampling (RUS) method were used to overcome data imbalance. After the model creation and performance evaluation process, the best model produced was the baseline Support Vector Machine with a data sharing ratio of 70:30 without applying imbalance handling techniques. This model achieved an accuracy of 94.8%, a precision value of 95.5%, a recall value of 99.1%, and an F-1 Score value of 97.2%.

The authors analyze the question of the origin of Russian statehood in ancient times. The main goal of the research is to study economic and social state of Russia at the beginning of the VIth century. The authors conduct a detailed analysis of the Norman and anti-Norman theories. They conclude assessment of the degree of influence of each of the theories on the formation of Russia as a full-fledged state.

Brukarmedverknad er eit relevant tema i Nav. Rusbrukarar med alvorlege problem får mindre gode kommunale tenester enn andre brukarar. Forsking på medverknad for brukarar av Nav med alvorlege rusutfordringar er likevel avgrensa. Me intervjua tolv personar med rusutfordringar ansikt til ansikt om deira erfaringar med brukarmedverknad i Nav. Sju deltakarar gjennomførte fleire intervju, og fem deltakarar gjennomførte eitt intervju. Artikkelen drøftar korleis sosiomaterielle vilkår kan verka inn på deira oppleving av brukarmedverknad i Nav. Sosiomaterialitet forstår me som samspel mellom fysiske, mentale og sosiale rom. Dei analytiske skilja får fram samanhengar mellom menneske, rom og materiell. Funna viste at kommunikasjon i sanntid ved fysiske møte eller med telefon og vedvarande relasjonar fremma medverknad. Manglande nærleik i tid og rom mellom Nav-rettleiar og brukar kunne hindra opplevingar av god medverknad. Dokumentasjon og diagnosar markerte stundom endring og tryggleik, men prosessane kosta tid og krefter. Medverknad i dokumentasjon av diagnosar vart erfart som viktig. Studien får fram korleis sosiomaterielle vilkår for direkte kontakt med ein kjend Nav-rettleiar påverkar opplevinga av god brukarmedverknad.

Copyright of Ataturk Yolu Journal / Atatürk Yolu Dergisi is the property of Ataturk Yolu Journal / Ataturk Yolu Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Fastlegeordningen er verdsatt og har bred oppslutning, men en anerkjent svakhet er at den ikke ivaretar personer med rusproblemer og psykiske lidelser godt nok. Dette gjelder særlig de eldre pasientene. Regjeringens handlingsplan for allmennlegetjenesten skal bidra til at blant andre disse pasientgruppene får bedre tjenester (Helse- og omsorgsdepartementet, 2020). Denne artikkelen utforsker hvordan handlingsplanen og femten fastleger fremstiller problemene med fastlegeordningen for eldre pasienter med rusproblemer og dårlig psykisk helse. Med utgangspunkt i Annemarie Mols (2002) praksiografiske tilnærming og Carol Bacchis (2009) rammeverk for policy-analyse viser vi hvordan problemer fremstilles på ulike måter i handlingsplanen og hos fastlegene. Vi viser også hvordan handlingsplanen er taus om problemer som ifølge fastleger er sentrale. Planens tause felt og måten den fremstiller problemene på får følger for tiltakene den foreslår – og for hva den mangler tiltak for. Handlingsplanen er taus om at takstsystemet kan stimulere til nedprioritering av pasientgruppene, at myndighetenes oppfølging av fastlegers arbeid kan svekke pasientgruppenes tilgang til allmennlegetjenesten, at organiseringsformen åpner for å «løse» arbeidspress gjennom utdefinering av helseproblematikk pasientene ikke selv verbaliserer, om hvordan fastleger i noen tilfeller kompenserer for aldersdiskriminering og kontinuitetsproblemer i hjelpeapparatet utenfor fastlegeordningen og om hvordan arbeidspress truer mulighetene til å utnytte personlig kontinuitet til det beste for disse pasientene. Denne studien viser hvordan handlingsplanens taushet om disse problemene bidrar til at den mangler tiltak for å løse dem. Studien belyser også hvordan tiltakene planen fremmer kan få uheldige følger for disse pasientene. Det siste kan gjelde både for planens sentrale tiltak om å gjøre allmennlegetjenesten teamorganisert og for satsningen på kvalitetsarbeid basert på sammenligning av utslag på standardiserte indikatorer og på brukerundersøkelser.

The last century of archaeological exploration has brought to light many late antique villae (mid-3rd – early-5th centuries CE), and much has been made of the ways these sites visually reinforce the increasingly fraught patron-client relations that characterize the late antique world in scholarship. My paper challenges these assumptions, using material evidence to illustrate a more complex, symbiotic relationship between late antique villae and the rus. The late Roman countryside was stratified, but to presume an especially oppressive relationship between estates and rural populations is to perpetuate synthesis of this period as synonymous with decline, and to disregard more nuanced evidence in the archaeological record. I discuss cult structures on three estates in the Ebro River Valley in ancient Tarraconensis (Spain) to argue that villae courted and catered to sub-elite rural population groups, who were themselves receptive to such offerings. By highlighting these interdependencies, this paper aims to bring greater contour to our understanding of the mechanisms animating the provincial countryside in late antiquity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of History Pages is the property of National Technical University of Ukraine KPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Muscovite princes like other medieval princes used the past to legitimize their policies. Their chroniclers traced Muscovy's origins to the once metropole Kyiv according to the medieval logic of translatio imperii. After 1800, unlike their European counterparts, Russian historians did not dispense with medieval stories finally formulated by the mid 1500s, about their country. They still linked Moscow to Kyiv repeating an inherited tale about a supposed origins of "Russian history" to a non-Russian territory incorporated into their empire only in the late eighteenth century. They failed to separate the national from the imperial in their grand narrative of Russian history. This article reviews the evolution of Muscovites' understanding of relations between Muscovy and Rus lands it did not control that historians of imperial Russia then adopted, rather than abandoned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the information provided in the Byzantine historical narratives composed between the end of the 10th and mid-13th century on Bulgarians, Serbs and the Rus as these peoples permanently settled or just temporarily resided in the area of the Central Balkans. This paper attempts to show how the Byzantine historiography of the mentioned period presented the peoples in question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the information provided in the Byzantine historical narratives composed between the end of the 10th and mid-13th century on Bulgarians, Serbs and the Rus as these peoples permanently settled or just temporarily resided in the area of the Central Balkans. This paper attempts to show how the Byzantine historiography of the mentioned period presented the peoples in question.

Copyright of Journal of Art History / Sanat Tarihi Dergisi is the property of Ege University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

During the reign of Prince Milan Obrenovic, the Herzegovina Revolt of 1875 broke out. First of all, Prince Milan, who avoided being involved in this revolt, could not resist the war-like atmosphere in his country and declared war against the Ottoman Empire on July 1, 1876. Prior to the war, the greatest support for Prince Milan, who brought the Russian General Chernayef to the head of his army, was given by Russia. Especially Slavic committees provided financial and volunteer assistance. Russian people also provided financial and moral aid, and these aids were published in the newspapers, which was aimed to spread the aid to the most remote places. In addition, Bulgarian volunteer units were established, and necessary means were provided to reach Serbia via Hocabek. Although Romania and Greece were neutral in the war, they acted suspiciously. In particular, the Romanians permitted the voluntary transition in their territory. The Serbs of the Austro-Hungarian Empire also supported the Serbs. However, Hungary banned Serbs living there to go to Serbia. There were also volunteers from the subjects of the Ottoman Empire. Especially, the Russian Embassy doctor in Istanbul and the Plovdiv Consul took the initiative in recruiting volunteers. They secretly sent the Bulgarian volunteers to Serbia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main challenge of data mining approaches to detect fraud in financial transaction data is the imbalance of data classes in available datasets, with a much smaller fraud class proportion than the non-fraud. This imbalance affects the f1-score to be low due to unbalanced precision and recall. Therefore, the model can predict one class well, but it does not apply to another class. In addition, the lengthy training time duration and high computational resource requirements in implementing data mining also make them a particular concern. Therefore, solely handling imbalanced data is still insufficient to produce the expected performance. Reduction of data dimensions can be a solution to increase the speed of the process. However, this method actually reduces the classifier’s performance when it comes to classification. Furthermore, this study intends to improve the performance of the data mining approach based on the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier aiming at detecting financial fraud transactions. The SVM performance was refined by tuning the kernel and hyperparameter integrated with the Random Under Sampling (RUS) and our Minimum error-based Principal Component Analysis (MebPCA). The RUS was used to handle imbalanced data, while MebPCA modified data dimension reduction techniques based on classification errors to speed up computational time without disturbing the performance of SVM. This combination improves the classifier's performance in detecting fraud effectively with a precision improvement of 29.31% and f1-score of 19.8%, and efficiently reduces the duration of training time significantly by 36.39% compared to previous research regarding the SVM method for fraud detection.

In this study, two dynamic algorithms are verified for transmit antenna selection aimed at achieving the energy efficiency in massive MIMO, namely: Random User Selection (RUS) and Maximum Channel Gain (MCG). Massive MIMO setups are investigated over N radio cables via centralized massive base station (BS), which uses RUS and MCG to provide management to U clients. Massive MIMO networks are shown for 8×8, 16×16, 25×25, and 50×50 setups using RUS and MCG. The proficiency of the proposed scheme on setup network has been investigated with RUS and MCG, and then the effect on performance characteristics, such as sumrate, user throughput and energy efficiency has been analyzed. The power efficiency has also been improved by increasing the number of Massive MIMO antennas. Compared to RUS, algorithm MCG provides a better service to users located far from the base station antenna. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The southern thrust of the Rus in the ninth-tenth centuries is to be explained not only by Viking hunger for wealth and glory, but also by the large, rapidly growing market for furs in the Caliphate. In order to reach that market, the Rus had to cross the Khazars' sphere of influence in the steppes and wooded steppes of the Volga and Don regions. The khaganate was a great power, which presided over many client peoples. It was perhaps awareness of the potential threat posed by the Rus which prompted the Khazars to improve their northern defences in the 830s. There is clear evidence that they then extended their authority over the Rus, their khagan being acknowledged as Rus ruler. The subsequent history of the Rus, up to their successful rebellion in 965, can only be understood if account is taken of Khazar influence and of wider geopolitical circumstances. The following propositions, all to some extent conjectural, are put forward: (1) that the first Rus attack on Constantinople in 860 was a show of force, timed to coincide with several Arab raids on Byzantine territory, and that it was initiated by the Khazars at the urging of the central Abbasid authorities; (2) that Byzantium was seeking a useful ally both against the Balkan Bulgars and against the Sajids of Azerbaijan, when it offered substantial trade concessions to the Rus in 911, that no objection was made by the Khazars, who had recently faced problems from the Oghuz Turks and their Pecheneg clients, and that the treaty resulted in a damaging Rus raid in the Caspian region after 912-913; (3) that there was a serious deterioration in Khazar-Byzantine relations in the 920s; (4) that the second Rus attack on Constantinople in 941 (this time in great force) was instigated by the Khazars, in response to an abortive Rus rebellion; and (5) that the Rus subsequently patched up relations with the Khazars, who allowed them to invade Azerbaijan in 944-945, and made peace with the Byzantines, signing a new trade treaty in 944. Apart from some evidence of assimilation of Khazar customs, it was the division of the Rus into twenty or so distinct principalities which was the principal longterm outcome of Khazar influence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Scoliosis has always presented a challenge to the clinicians both at the stage of decision-making and at the stage of correcting the same. Predicting curve progression is important as it helps in selecting the patients who may benefit from an earlier intervention. Patients can be treated either by brace application or by operative intervention depending on the magnitude of curve and potential of curve progression. In this review, we have summarized the past and present parameters used to predict scoliosis progression with a brief introduction about the future trend in this respect. We identified and reviewed a total of 46 relevant papers written in English language utilizing PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus search engines. Many clinicians had come up with various radiological methods such as Risser grading, Tanner–Whitehouse staging (TW2-RUS and TW3) methods, Greulich–Pyle method, Sauvegrain method using only olecranon process radiographs and various clinical methods such as age of menarche and Tanner staging for sexual maturity. Apart from these, recently, various genetic factors such as single-nucleotide polymorphism of various genes, platelet calmodulin, peripheral blood mononuclear cell, impairment in melatonin signaling, DNA-based test called “ScoliScore” and hormones such as serum ghrelin and leptin have been investigated. Changes in brainstem vestibular function and alteration in electrical activities of paraspinal muscles are also studied to predict the curve progression. The two most important dilemmas faced by clinicians while approaching patients with scoliosis are the identification of patients requiring intervention and the right time to intervene in the selected patients. The goal of scoliosis treatment is to halt the progression. Predicting the growth spurt in an individual patient will guide the appropriate timing of intervention which can prevent complications associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis so that they can lead a better quality of life.

The article makes an attempt to reconstruct the common history of works and days of Ukrainian scholar, writer, socio-political and cultural figure Hryhoriy Kupchanko (1849–1902), using, in particular, method of «reverse» optics, which means the examination of a particular individuality drama «from within». The attempt of reconstruction is largely determined by the attempt of the «Russian world» to present H. Kupchanko as «their own» – as a Moscowphile, as they say. The peculiarities (amount) of the apostasy to Moscowia of this representative of the elite stratum of the Bukovynian peasantry, the pupil of the appanage and Austrian civilization, the interconnection of the apostasy with the external factors, objective circumstances, as well as with subjective factors, the formation of contradictory views of the future scholar in his youth and different lines of his later behavior are elucidated. It turns out that historical fate of the Kupchanko’s family, consistent romanization that took place in Bukovyna in XIX century and led to principal staggering and deformations in the minds of young people in the period of formation of their personalities, worked on these contradictions. Decisive was the support of intellectual-creative efforts of H. Kupchanko by his gymnasium teacher – Bukovynian pedagogue and public figure I. Hlebovytsky and his supporters from Moscowophile circle, support which, maybe, had also a financial «equivalent» and promoted education of the University of Vienna. In the end, some psychological depths of the scholar's and writer’s personality also interfered, and the intensity of this life, the risks of activities, ambiguous relations with fellow countrymen, the extreme vulnerability of character, the complexity of personal destiny, etc., could have come from it. H. Kupchanko’s position in the Ukrainian nation-building process is interpreted not as purely Moscowphilia, but as Russophile. The pro-Ukrainian orientation of his efforts can be seen in his poetry and scholarly and popular studios, in particular those telling about Bukovyna and other eternal Rus (Ukrainian) lands. In fact it was a form of resistance to Moscowphilia and politics, although this author himself was not fully aware of. H. Kupchanko’s mistakes, however, reflected the general natural difficulties in the development of national self-consciousness, and without them there would be no advancement as such. The source base of the work was all available corpus of memoirs, biographical, scholarly, popular science, literature and fiction material relating to the subject, including the relevant archival documents.

The article makes an attempt to reconstruct the common history of works and days of Ukrainian scholar, writer, socio-political and cultural figure Hryhoriy Kupchanko (1849–1902), using, in particular, method of «reverse» optics, which means the examination of a particular individuality drama «from within». The attempt of reconstruction is largely determined by the attempt of the «Russian world» to present H. Kupchanko as «their own» – as a Moscowphile, as they say. The peculiarities (amount) of the apostasy to Moscowia of this representative of the elite stratum of the Bukovynian peasantry, the pupil of the appanage and Austrian civilization, the interconnection of the apostasy with the external factors, objective circumstances, as well as with subjective factors, the formation of contradictory views of the future scholar in his youth and different lines of his later behavior are elucidated. It turns out that historical fate of the Kupchanko’s family, consistent romanization that took place in Bukovyna in XIX century and led to principal staggering and deformations in the minds of young people in the period of formation of their personalities, worked on these contradictions. Decisive was the support of intellectual-creative efforts of H. Kupchanko by his gymnasium teacher – Bukovynian pedagogue and public figure I. Hlebovytsky and his supporters from Moscowophile circle, support which, maybe, had also a financial «equivalent» and promoted education of the University of Vienna. In the end, some psychological depths of the scholar's and writer’s personality also interfered, and the intensity of this life, the risks of activities, ambiguous relations with fellow countrymen, the extreme vulnerability of character, the complexity of personal destiny, etc., could have come from it. H. Kupchanko’s position in the Ukrainian nation-building process is interpreted not as purely Moscowphilia, but as Russophile. The pro-Ukrainian orientation of his efforts can be seen in his poetry and scholarly and popular studios, in particular those telling about Bukovyna and other eternal Rus (Ukrainian) lands. In fact it was a form of resistance to Moscowphilia and politics, although this author himself was not fully aware of. H. Kupchanko’s mistakes, however, reflected the general natural difficulties in the development of national self-consciousness, and without them there would be no advancement as such. The source base of the work was all available corpus of memoirs, biographical, scholarly, popular science, literature and fiction material relating to the subject, including the relevant archival documents.

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences Research / Sosyal Bilimler Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of ODU Journal of Social Sciences Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Much headway has been made in understanding the numerous strategies that enable microorganisms to counteract various types of environmental stress, but little is known about how microbial populations recover after a massive death caused by exposure to extreme conditions. Using the yeast-like fungus Ustilago maydis as a model, our recent post-stress regrowth under starvation (RUS) studies have demonstrated that this organism reconstitutes devastated populations with remarkable efficiency. Subsequently, we have identified four RUS-gene products. Two of these, Did4 and Tbp1, play parallel roles in protecting the genome. To identify additional molecular components, we took a molecular-genetic and a transcriptomic approach. By employing a simple and novel screening method, we identified five RUS-deficient mutants (snf8, slm1, vrg4, snf5, hsf1), three of which (snf8, slm1, and hsf1) displayed sensitivity to different genotoxic agents, indicating that the corresponding gene products have roles in genome protection. The global transcriptomic changes of cells grown in supernatants derived from peroxide-treated cell suspensions revealed sets of uniquely expressed genes. Importantly, among the genes induced by the substrates was Chk1, which encodes a protein kinase required for checkpoint-mediated cell cycle arrest in response to DNA damage. Mutants of U. maydis deleted of Chk1 are severely incapacitated in RUS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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From the late Republic to early Imperial period, the Roman garden occupied a liminal space between the notions of rus and urbs, characterised as the ‘cultural faultline’ by Spencer in her study of Roman landscape in 2006 (p.246). During this period, horti came to typify permeable boundaries between the countryside and the urban centre, the former characterised values of rusticity and subsistence-living, while the latter represented standards of political endeavour and social integration. Yet despite this conflation of meaning and use in the Roman hortus, and the difficulty for the historian in defining their intentions and receptions with certainty, it is still possible to find levels of delineation and spatial organisation within the urban garden, including both defined and merged areas of function. In order to achieve this, defined concepts of spatial organisation are required, to act as signifiers of boundaries and content in an analysis. This paper therefore argues for the epistemological application of ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ landscape elements to the spatial analysis of Roman urban gardens, in order to establish patterns of organisation, if any, in relation to the ideological concepts of ‘rus’ and ‘urbs’. ‘Hard’ features will be defined as the ‘bones’ of a landscape, the immovable elements which shape it, such as water, earth, and architecture. ‘Soft’ elements will be classified as those which are changeable, the living entities making up the landscape, i.e. plants. In delineating the two categories, it will be possible to establish boundaries in the garden space, as means of division, obstruction, privatisation, and social direction, subsequently allowing the definition of space by function. Within this paper, case studies from Pompeii and Herculaneum will be applied to domestic and commercial structures in order to better establish non-elite constructions of garden space on a local scale.

Tid er en viktig ressurs i velferdstjenestene og en sentral betingelse for samarbeid, men det er i liten grad forsket på hvilken betydning organiseringen av tiden har for samarbeidet mellom tjenestene. Gjennom fokusgruppeintervjuer med tre ungdomsteam i NAV og syv semistrukturerte intervjuer med ansatte i tjenesten for ruslidelse og psykisk lidelse og voksenpsykiatrien finner jeg at a) å etablere kontakt, b) samarbeidets rolle i arbeidstiden og c) endringene i reglene for arbeidsavklaringspenger gjør koordineringen av tjenester utfordrende for de ansatte. Dette gjenspeiler manglende koordinering på sentralt hold.

This article is a continuation of the work “The Polish Vector in the Politics of Vladimir Monomakh and His Successors: from the Lyubech Congress to the “Pereyaslavl Crisis”, published in the previous issue. The question of the system of Russian-Polish relations during the period of the onset of political fragmentation of Russia (since 1132) and a radical change in the balance of power relative to the Kiev principality is considered in the article. It is proved that the thesis of the religious factor as decisive in Russian-Polish relations does not correspond to the realities of the 30—90s of the 12th century. It is shown that the internal and external political circumstances of the 30—40s of the XII century forced Kiev and Krakow to come closer. It is emphasized that the trend towards rapprochement continues throughout the second half of the 12th century. Particular attention is paid to the nature of Russian-Polish relations at the turn of the XII-XIII centuries. The authors note that the situation in Russian-Polish relations begins to change dramatically in the first decade of the 13th century. Evidence is given that the reasons for the cardinal changes were associated with the political course of the Galician-Volyn prince Roman Mstislavich and the results of the IV Crusade, which marked the beginning of the civilizational split in Europe.

Studies of Ibn Faḍlān's tenth-century Risāla , a travel account detailing his journey from Baghdad to the banks of the Volga River, typically rely on thirteenth-century witnesses to the original travelogue. These are our earliest and fullest versions of the text, but are not the only extant records of Ibn Faḍlān's journey. Due to both its late dating and its spurious interpolations, the partial preservation of the Risāla in Amīn Rāzī's sixteenth-century geographical work, Haft Iqlīm , is frequently overlooked. This article reconsiders attitudes to Amīn Rāzī's work, focusing on his claim that Rūs women used oval brooches to restrict the growth of their breasts. Approaching this claim using classical, Arabic, and Persian analogues of breast restriction, cauterization, Amazons, and Islands of Women, and tracing geographical and literary dissemination, Amīn Rāzī's "rationalization" of Rūs women's costume will be reframed as the plausible conclusion of a number of robust and longstanding geographical traditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In medieval Rus there were two 'legal systems': codified law and further provisions found elsewhere. In the first case, the documents usually concern legally relevant matter, and embody a particular right or claim that has been preserved with more than usual care. In the second case many legal documents (as gramoty, agreements, etc.) were added in extenso in Rus chronicle. This situation strongly suggests that we should not only analyse Rus chronicles as narrative sources, full of political events, but also as collections of legal interpretation and guidance, and propositions of solutions to legal issues, especially on the international level. In that sense, we should see in the Rus chronicles a collection of precedents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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A fragmentarily preserved Byzantine icon made of steatite was discovered in 2015 during regular excavations in Chełm, eastern Poland. Identified as the left wing of a diptych illustrating the Twelve Great Feasts and created at the close of the 12th century, the find is one of the most important and beautiful Byzantine artefacts to have been found in Poland. The icon was uncovered within the confines of the palace complex which was created by Daniel (Danylo) Romanovych († 1264) in Chełm in the second quarter of 13th century. The icon, even though it was found within the borders of what is now Poland, is material evidence of contact between Byzantium and the social elite of the Galicia-Volhynia lands, rather than with the Polish Piasts.In this paper we concentrated on the presentation of the archaeological context of the find, which made it possible to establish that the icon arrived Chełm before the middle of the 13th century (terminus ante quem 1253), and especially on petrographic and traceological analyses of the icon.Assuming that greenish plaques were indeed the most characteristic steatite icon type, a decision was made to examine, apart from the Chełm artefact made from white rock, a greenish icon from the National Museum in Krakow as well.Petrographic analyses were based on optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD). Both icons were carved in steatite i. e. talc rich rock but their chemical compositions indicate the presence of other components. Artifact from Chełm is white. Porous, enriched in potassium (K) and locally blistering outer rim of the icon from Chełm was formed probably during the fire event. Presence of forsterite and subordinate amount of leucite also indicate high temperature influence. Local enrichment in calcium (Ca) is related to exchange reactions with ground compounds. Accumulation of different components on the surface of the icon's surface was noted. The icon from the National Museum in Krakow is greenish probably because of the presence of chlorite.The results of the traceological analysis (icon from National Museum in Krakow was not analysed) indicate that the icon found in Chełm was created most likely by a skilled and experienced carver with access to the high-quality magnifying glass and specialist tools required for rendering minuscule objects and their details. The production of the icon also involved the use of a "mechanical" tool, probably a kind of a miller with a rotating polishing head, which also seems to point to a specialist workshop. The use-wear traces observed on artefact are limited to polish resulting from prolonged contact with human hands or storing the icon in a leather case.Most of the extant Byzantine icons are unprovenanced objects held in museum collections or church treasuries. Therefore, as the icon presented in this paper was discovered during archaeological excavations, it ranks among the few Byzantine artefacts to have been found outside of this realm. The petrographic and traceological analyses conducted are the first published natural science contributions to the study of Byzantine steatite icons and we hope they will provide the impetus for undertaking such research on other Byzantine finds, helping to develop Byzantine archaeology further. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The question of the system of Russian-Polish interaction during the period of temporary stabilization of political relations in Russia - from the Lyubech Congress (1097) to the end of the Kiev reign of Mstislav the Great (1125-1132) is considered in the article. The authors show that the 12th century is presented in historiography as a time of gradual growth of contradictions between two Christian civilizations, as a transitional period between the Great Schism of 1054 and the IV Crusade (1202- 1204). An attempt is made to consider the relationship between Russia and Poland of the indicated period outside the teleological approach. The authors provide evidence that the thesis of the religious factor as decisive in Russian-Polish relations does not correspond to the political realities of the 10- 30s of the XII century. It is shown that it was the ideological orientation of Vladimir Monomakh towards the crusading movement and the Holy Roman Empire that made it impossible for allied relations between Kiev and Krakow in the first quarter of the 12th century. It has been proved that there was no single policy of Rus towards Poland; the actions of the two sides were situational. The authors come to the conclusion that in Russia and Poland, competing political groups sought to implement their own strategies in relation to the neighboring state.