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1. Field evaluations of biodegradable boric acid hydrogel baits for the control of Argentine ants: Promising results in vineyards and citrus orchards

Author

Le, Benning, Campbell, Kathleen, Park, Hoeun, Tseng, Shu-Ping, Pandey, Raju, Simmons, Gregory S., Henderson, Ruth, Gispert, Carmen, Rust, Michael K., Lee, Chow-Yang, Karimzadeh, Roghaiyeh, Park, Yong-Lak, and Choe, Dong-Hwan

Abstract

Argentine ants are a major pest in California. In this study, a biodegradable calcium alginate hydrogel with an aqueous boric acid bait was tested against Argentine ant populations in a citrus orchard and a vineyard. A new continuous method was developed to produce large quantities of hydrogel bait for the field test. Foraging activity levels of ants were compared between baited and untreated zones. For both study sites, four to five monthly bait applications throughout summer provided a greater than 80% reduction in ant activity. Based on spatial analyses by distance indices, the baited areas were characterized by gaps (areas with lower ant counts) and the untreated control zones were characterized by patches (areas with higher ant counts). This indicated area-wide suppression of Argentine ants. For the citrus orchard, post-baiting panel trap monitoring showed reductions of both ants and Asian citrus psyllid in the baited zone compared to the control. For the vineyard, mid-season soil analyses indicated that the impact of boric acid baiting on soil boron concentration was negligible. In sum, the calcium alginate hydrogel bait with boric acid as an active ingredient may provide a promising solution for Argentine ant baiting.

Published
2024

2. The impact of selenium on insects.

Author

So, John, Choe, Dong-Hwan, Rust, Michael K, Trumble, John T, and Lee, Chow-Yang

Subjects
Complementary and Integrative Health, toxicity, survival, growth, development, behavior, Animals, Humans, Hemiptera, Orthoptera, Selenium, Coleoptera, Insecta, Ecological Applications, Zoology, Crop and Pasture Production, Entomology
Abstract

Selenium, a naturally occurring metalloid, is an essential trace element for many higher organisms, including humans. Humans primarily become exposed to selenium by ingesting food products containing trace amounts of selenium compounds. Although essential in these small amounts, selenium exhibits toxic effects at higher doses. Previous studies investigating the effects on insects of order Blattodea, Coleoptera, Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Odonata, and Orthoptera revealed impacts on mortality, growth, development, and behavior. Nearly every study examining selenium toxicity has shown that insects are negatively affected by exposure to selenium in their food. However, there were no clear patterns of toxicity between insect orders or similarities between insect species within families. At this time, the potential for control will need to be determined on a species-by-species basis. We suspect that the multiple modes of action, including mutation-inducing modification of important amino acids as well as impacts on microbiome composition, influence this variability. There are relatively few studies that have examined the potential effects of selenium on beneficial insects, and the results have ranged from increased predation (a strong positive effect) to toxicity resulting in reduced population growth or even the effective elimination of the natural enemies (more common negative effects). As a result, in those pest systems where selenium use is contemplated, additional research may be necessary to ascertain if selenium use is compatible with key biological control agents. This review explores selenium as a potential insecticide and possible future directions for research.

Published
2023

3. The Potential of Fluralaner as a Bait Toxicant to Control Pest Yellowjackets in California

Author

Rust, Michael K, Lee, Chow-Yang, Park, Ho Eun, Campbell, Kathleen, Choe, Dong-Hwan, Sorensen, Mary, Sutherland, Andrew, Hubble, Casey, Nobua-Behrmann, Beatriz, Kabashima, John, Tseng, Shu-Ping, and Post, Linda

Subjects
Zoology, Biological Sciences, Vespula pensylvanica, isoxazoline, fluralaner, hydrogel baits
Abstract

The western yellowjacket, Vespula pensylvanica (Saussure), is an important seasonal pest of recreational and outdoor venues in the western United States. Its propensity to scavenge food increases the likelihood of stinging incidences. Control measures are limited to intensive trapping and treating subterranean nests. The only toxicant registered for baiting in the US is esfenvalerate, which is ineffective. The objective of this study was to determine the potential of the isoxazoline fluralaner as a bait toxicant. With microsatellite genotyping, a minimum of 27 different colonies were shown to forage at a single monitoring site. Some colonies disappeared after baiting, and new colonies were detected. The implications for baiting and monitoring are discussed. Minced chicken and hydrogel baits containing 0.022% and 0.045% fluralaner significantly reduced foraging yellowjackets. Several bait applications covering large areas will be necessary to provide long-term control.

Published
2023

5. Controlling yellow jackets with fipronil-based protein baits in urban recreational areas

Author

Rust, Michael K, Choe, Dong-Hwan, Wilson-Rankin, Erin, Campbell, Kathleen, Kabashima, John, and Dimson, Monica

Subjects
Vespula pensylvanica, hydrogels, microsatellites, bait, fipronil, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Entomology
Abstract

The western yellow jacket, Vespula penyslvanica (Saussare), is a serious seasonal pest of outdoor venues in the western United States. In the spring, queens and low numbers of workers were captured in heptyl-butyrate-baited traps until early July, when the number of foragers dramatically increased. Microsatellite data suggest that 18 colonies were actively foraging within the park in 2012. Foragers from 11 different colonies were collected at one trap site. In 2012 and 2013, sufficient numbers of foragers were not captured until early August when baiting trials were initiated. Baits were prepared with canned chicken mixed with fipronil for a final concentration of 0.025%. In 2012, a single baiting provided >96% reduction of foragers for at least two months. A second baiting late in the season provided >80% reductions. In 2013, one baiting trial resulted in a 74% and a 93% reduction. A bait acceptance study was conducted in 2014 to test a bait consisting of the juices from canned chicken and 0.025% fipronil incorporated into a hydrogel, and provided a much longer lasting bait in the field.

Published
2017

8. Potential use of pinenes to improve localized insecticide injections targeting the western drywood termite (Blattodea: Kalotermitidae).

Author

Poulos, Nicholas A, Lee, Chow-Yang, Rust, Michael K, and Choe, Dong-Hwan

Subjects
INSECTICIDE residues, TERMITE control, FIPRONIL, TERMITES, COMMERCIAL product testing, PINENE, INSECTICIDES
Abstract

The western drywood termite, Incisitermes minor (Hagen), causes significant economic damage to wood structures in the United States of America, especially California. When infestation is not widespread, localized insecticide injections may be useful for remedial control. However, the extensive gallery structure of drywood termites and their tendency to aggregate at specific parts of the galleries can impact the efficacy of localized insecticide injection. Chemicals that attract termites from a distance may improve the localized insecticide injection by increasing the number of termites contacting the insecticide residues. Two volatile terpenes, α-pinene and β-pinene, commonly found in many coniferous timber trees, were applied to artificial termite galleries to determine if termites were attracted from their original aggregation site. Furthermore, we examined if adding these pinenes would improve the overall efficacy of some insecticide products for drywood termite control. Behavioral assay results showed that the treatment with pinenes increased the likelihood that drywood termites would leave their original aggregation site and contact the treated part of the gallery. When tested with the pesticide products applied in a small area away from the termite aggregation, β-pinene significantly accelerated the time course of mortality for the aqueous fipronil. The efficacy of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate dust was not influenced by the addition of pinenes. Implications for drywood termite management and future research directions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. The Survivorship and Water Loss of Liometopum luctuosum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and Liometopum occidentale (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Exposed to Different Temperatures and Relative Humidity

Author

Hoey-Chamberlain, Rochelle and Rust, Michael K

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Ecology, Life on Land, Animals, Ants, Body Water, Humidity, Survival Rate, Temperature, velvety tree ant, cuticular permeability, saturation deficit, Zoology, Entomology
Abstract

Two species of velvety tree ants, Liometopum luctuosum Wheeler, and Liometopum occidentale Emery (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), are commonly found in the western Unites States from Washington to southern California. L. luctuosum is restricted to coniferous forests in the mountains in the southern range, whereas L. occidentale is found in the lowlands. The survivorship of workers of both species exposed to several temperatures and relative humidity (RH) was determined. As temperature increased, survival of both species decreased. As the RH increased, survival of both species increased. However, L. luctuosum had higher overall survival in all treatment groups. The cuticular permeability (CP) and the rates of body water loss for each species were determined. Both species had similar CPs. Increased physiological tolerances of L. luctuosum may be an explanation for its broader distribution.

Published
2014

13. Field evaluations of biodegradable boric acid hydrogel baits for the control of Argentine ants: Promising results in vineyards and citrus orchards.

Author

Benning Le, Campbell, Kathleen, Hoeun Park, Shu-Ping Tseng, Pandey, Raju, Simmons, Gregory S., Henderson, Ruth, Gispert, Carmen, Rust, Michael K., Chow-Yang Lee, Karimzadeh, Roghaiyeh, Yong-Lak Park, and Dong-Hwan Choe

Subjects
BORIC acid, SOIL testing, ACID soils, ANT control, ANTS
Abstract

Argentine ants are a major pest in California. In this study, a biodegradable calcium alginate hydrogel with an aqueous boric acid bait was tested against Argentine ant populations in a citrus orchard and a vineyard. A new continuous method was developed to produce large quantities of hydrogel bait for the field test. Foraging activity levels of ants were compared between baited and untreated zones. For both study sites, four to five monthly bait applications throughout summer provided a greater than 80% reduction in ant activity. Based on spatial analyses by distance indices, the baited areas were characterized by gaps (areas with lower ant counts) and the untreated control zones were characterized by patches (areas with higher ant counts). This indicated area-wide suppression of Argentine ants. For the citrus orchard, post-baiting panel trap monitoring showed reductions of both ants and Asian citrus psyllid in the baited zone compared to the control. For the vineyard, mid-season soil analyses indicated that the impact of boric acid baiting on soil boron concentration was negligible. In sum, the calcium alginate hydrogel bait with boric acid as an active ingredient may provide a promising solution for Argentine ant baiting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. Low-toxicity baits control ants in citrus orchards and grape vineyards

Author

Tollerup, Kris E., Rust, Michael K., Dorschner, Keith W., Phillips, Phil A., and Klotz, John H.

Subjects
Pest Management, Argentine ant, field ant, bait, bait station, insecticide, integrated pest management, vine mealybug, hydramethylnon, imidacloprid
Abstract

Effective ant control is critical for controlling honeydew-secreting homopteran agricultural pests such as whitefly and mealybug. Low-toxicity ant baits may more effectively control ants than the broad-spectrum insecticides currently used in California vineyards and citrus orchards. This study focused on developing effective ant baits for use in bait stations to control field ant and Argentine ant, which aggressively tend homopteran pests. In the Coachella Valley, field ant is associated with the vine mealybug, a destructive nonnative pest. We conducted preference experiments for various commercially available ant baits and a bait formulated with anchovy plus imidacloprid. Field ant preferred the anchovy baits above all others tested, and in field trials the anchovy bait with 0.005% imidacloprid significantly reduced foraging activity. Argentine ant is the primary ant pest in vineyards and citrus orchards of California’s nondesert growing regions. We tested the efficacy of several chemical bait treatments, all of which significantly lowered Argentine ant populations.

Published
2004

16. Oral toxicity of an artificial sweetener sucralose on the German cockroach (Blattodea: Ectobiidae) and its impact on water balance and gut microbiome.

Author

Lee, Shao-Hung, Choe, Dong-Hwan, Rust, Michael K., and Lee, Chow-Yang

Subjects
BLATTELLA germanica, NONNUTRITIVE sweeteners, SUCRALOSE, GUT microbiome, COCKROACHES, BACTERIAL diversity
Abstract

Artificial or non-nutritive sweeteners are indigestible by most animals. Some sweeteners are orally toxic to insects and have received recent interest as potential safe insecticides due to their low mammalian toxicity. In this study, we investigated the oral toxicity of sucralose on insecticide-susceptible and resistant German cockroaches, Blattella germanica (L.). In a nonchoice test, we evaluated 5, 10, and 20% sucralose solutions. Depending on the cockroach strains, mean mortality ranged from 62.5 to 92.5%, 15 to 55%, and 2.5 to 27.5% for 20, 10, and 5% sucralose, respectively. Next, we measured the impact of a 20% sucralose treatment on water loss rates in the cockroach strains. All strains lost 23.0–30.29% of body water by 6 d. Dehydrated cockroaches were more prone to be killed by sucralose than nondehydrated ones. Lastly, we evaluated the effect of 20% sucralose treatment on gut bacterial composition and found the diversity of gut bacteria in treated cockroaches was significantly reduced after 3 days, implicating a rapid change in the alimentary environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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21. Insecticide resistance and its potential mechanisms in field-collected German cockroaches (Blattodea: Ectobiidae) from Thailand.

Author

Tisgratog, Rungarun, Panyafeang, Chanikarn, Lee, Shao-Hung, Rust, Michael K., and Lee, Chow-Yang

Subjects
IMIDACLOPRID, BLATTELLA germanica, INSECTICIDE resistance, SURVIVAL rate, DELTAMETHRIN, FIPRONIL
Abstract

We investigated insecticide resistance profiles of field populations of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.), collected from central regions of Thailand. Seven strains (PW, RB, MTH, MTS, TL, AY, and SP) were evaluated with diagnostic doses (DD; 3 × LD95 generated from a susceptible strain) of deltamethrin, fipronil, and imidacloprid using topical assays and compared with a susceptible strain (DMSC). Results showed fipronil (2–27% mortality), deltamethrin (16–58% mortality), and imidacloprid (15–75% mortality) resistance in the field strains. Synergism studies with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF) in combination with the DD of insecticides significantly increased (P < 0.05) mortality of the test insects of the field strains suggesting the involvement of P450 monooxygenase and esterase pathways of detoxification. Gel bait evaluations demonstrated that all field-collected strains were resistant to Maxforce Forte (0.05% fipronil), Maxforce Fusion (2.15% imidacloprid), and Advion Cockroach Gel Bait (0.6% indoxacarb) with mean survival times ranging from 1.87–8.27, 1.77–11.72, and 1.19–3.56 days, respectively. Molecular detection revealed that the Rdl mutation was completely homozygous in all field-collected strains except in the PW strain. Field-collected strains were screened for 3 voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance. The L993F mutation was present in 5 strains, but no C764R and E434K mutations were detected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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32. Contributors

Author

Ajwa, Husein, primary, Ale, Iris S., additional, Allen, Sandra L., additional, Alsop, Judith, additional, Arce, Gail, additional, Ashworth, D.J., additional, Balakrishnan, Sharada, additional, Barnett, John B., additional, Barr, Dana B., additional, Barry, Terrell, additional, Baynes, Ronald E., additional, Beauvais, Sheryl, additional, Bentley, Karin S., additional, Bernard, Craig E., additional, Besbelli, Nida, additional, Billington, Richard, additional, Blacker, Ann M., additional, Blancazo, Jerry N., additional, Breckenridge, Charles B., additional, Brooks, Gerald T., additional, Bruckner, James, additional, Brundage, Kathleen M., additional, Bui, Quang, additional, Buratti, Franca M., additional, Bus, James S., additional, Calvert, Geoffrey M., additional, Carlock, Linda L., additional, Casida, John E., additional, Chambers, Howard W., additional, Chambers, Janice E., additional, Chan, Heidi P., additional, Chester, Graham, additional, Clark, J. Marshall, additional, Class, Thomas, additional, Clifton, M. Scott, additional, Cochran, Roger, additional, Consiglio, Emma Di, additional, Dary, Curtis C., additional, Dayan, Franck E., additional, De Vries, Allison L., additional, Dix, Kelly J., additional, Dong, Michael H., additional, Dotson, Timothy A., additional, Doull, John, additional, Driver, Jeffrey H., additional, Duke, Stephen O., additional, Dyk, M. Bigelow, additional, Eastmond, David A., additional, Eaton, David L., additional, Ehrich, Marion, additional, Eisenbrandt, David L., additional, Eldridge, J. Charles, additional, Evans, Jeffrey B., additional, Farmer, Donna, additional, Felsot, Allan S., additional, Fenner-Crisp, Penelope A., additional, Fletcher, Joan L., additional, Flores, Sara, additional, Fortmann, Roy, additional, Fujita, Toshio, additional, Gammon, Derek W., additional, Gao, Suduan, additional, Garry, V.F., additional, Gehen, Sean C., additional, Georgopoulos, Panos, additional, Gollapudi, B.B., additional, Gordon, Elliot B., additional, Guerino, F., additional, Hanley, Thomas R., additional, Hanson, Lindsay, additional, Harp, Paul R., additional, Harrass, Michael C., additional, Harris, Jane E., additional, Hayes, Wayland J., additional, Hertner, Thomas, additional, Hess, Frederick G., additional, Heydens, William F., additional, Hodgson, Ernest, additional, Holden, L., additional, Hotchkiss, Jon A., additional, Hurt, Susan, additional, Isukapalli, Sastry, additional, Iyengar, Seshadri, additional, Iyer, Poorni, additional, Jensen, Inge M., additional, Jones, Russell L., additional, Jortner, Bernard S., additional, Kaneko, Hideo, additional, Kavlock, Robert J., additional, Kelly, Iain D., additional, Kenna, Michael P., additional, Kennepohl, Elke, additional, Keum, Young Soo, additional, Kim, Jeong-Han, additional, Kleinschmidt, Loreen, additional, Klonne, Dennis R., additional, Knaak, James B., additional, Krolski, Mike E., additional, Lamb, Ian C., additional, Lampman, Richard L., additional, Langner, Mikael, additional, Lantz, Jennifer L., additional, Lasserre-Bigot, Dominique, additional, Levin, Edward D., additional, Li, Qing X., additional, Liu, Jing, additional, Lock, Edward A, additional, Lotti, Marcello, additional, Lunchick, Curt, additional, Lyubimov, A.V., additional, Maibach, Howard, additional, Maier, Lisa E., additional, Makris, Susan, additional, Manning, Mark J., additional, Marsh, Rex E., additional, Marty, Melanie, additional, May-Hertl, Ursula, additional, McCurdy, Thomas, additional, McKone, Tom, additional, Meek, Edward C., additional, Mehler, Louise N., additional, Mihlan, Gary J., additional, Moore, Thomas B., additional, Morgan, Marsha K., additional, Munro, Ian C., additional, Narahashi, Toshio, additional, Nishimura, Keiichiro, additional, Novak, Robert J., additional, Ntow, William J., additional, O’Malley, Michael A., additional, Oehme, Frederick W., additional, Ollinger, Janet, additional, Osimitz, Thomas G., additional, Pandian, Muhilan D., additional, Parsons, P.P., additional, Paule, Merle G., additional, Payraudeau, Virginie, additional, Peck, Erin C., additional, Pelfrène, Alain F., additional, Pendino, Kimberly, additional, Petersen, Barbara J., additional, Piccirillo, Amanda L., additional, Piccirillo, Vincent J., additional, Pleil, Joachim D., additional, Ponnock, Kathryn, additional, Pope, Carey, additional, Poppenga, Robert H., additional, Qi, Su-wei, additional, Qin, Ruijun, additional, Ramsingh, Deborah, additional, Reiter, Lawrence W., additional, Richardson, Rudy J., additional, Ritter, Leonard, additional, Riviere, Jim E., additional, Ross, John H., additional, Rozman, Karl K., additional, Rubin, Andrew L., additional, Rust, Michael K., additional, Ruzo, Luis O., additional, Salmon, Terrell P., additional, Sangha, G.K. (Ghona), additional, Seiber, James N., additional, Selman, Frank, additional, Sheets, Larry P., additional, Sheldon, Linda S., additional, Silva, Marilyn, additional, Simpkins, James W., additional, Slikker, William, additional, Slovic, Paul, additional, Smith, Andrew G., additional, Snodgrass, Wayne R., additional, Sobus, Jon R., additional, Soderlund, David M., additional, Solomon, Keith R., additional, Spurlock, Frank, additional, Stevens, James T., additional, Stoker, Tammy E., additional, Stott, W.T., additional, Sudakin, Daniel L., additional, Takayama, Chiyozo, additional, Testai, Emanuela, additional, Thongsinthusak, Thomas, additional, Timchalk, Charles, additional, Timofeeva, Olga A., additional, Tobia, Abraham J., additional, Tornero-Velez, Rogelio, additional, Tulve, Nicolle S., additional, Uchida, Matazaemon, additional, Ujváry, István, additional, Vallero, Daniel, additional, van Ravenswaay, Bennard, additional, Waechter, Felix, additional, Weber, Edgar, additional, Wester, Ronald C., additional, Whatling, Paul, additional, Whitmyre, Gary K., additional, Wicke, Heinrich, additional, Wijeyesakere, Sanjeeva J., additional, Wilks, Martin F., additional, Wilson, Alan G.E., additional, Wilson, Barry W., additional, Woodward, Michael D., additional, Wright, Jayne, additional, Yates, S.R., additional, Yoshida, Masanori, additional, Young, Bruce M., additional, Zalom, Frank G., additional, Zartarian, Valerie, additional, Zhai, Hongbo, additional, and Zhang, Xiaofei, additional

Published
2010
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37. Contributors

Author

Acorn, John H., primary, Adams, Michael E., additional, Adler, Peter H., additional, Albuquerque, Gilberto S., additional, Alexander, Richard D., additional, Altstein, Miriam, additional, Andersen, Svend O., additional, Anderson, Norman H., additional, Andow, David A., additional, Antolin, Michael F., additional, Arensburger, Peter, additional, Arlian, Larry G., additional, Aspöck, Horst, additional, Aspöck, Ulrike, additional, Atkinson, Peter W., additional, Baumann, Arnd, additional, Beckage, Nancy E., additional, Bellinger, Peter, additional, Berenbaum, May R., additional, Berg, Martin B., additional, Bernays, Elizabeth A., additional, Björkman, Christer, additional, Black, Scott Hoffman, additional, Blair, Seth S., additional, Blenau, Wolfgang, additional, Blum, Murray S., additional, Bonning, Bryony C., additional, Bradley, Timothy J., additional, Brakefield, Paul M., additional, Brittain, John E., additional, Brower, Lincoln P., additional, Brune, Andreas, additional, Burkholder, Wendell E., additional, Byers, George W., additional, Cardé, Ring T., additional, Chapman, R.F., additional, Cheng, Lanna, additional, Christiansen, Kenneth A., additional, Clark, Thomas M., additional, Cochran, Donald G., additional, Cohen, Ephraim, additional, Ćokl, Andrej, additional, Courtney, Gregory W., additional, Covell, Charles V., additional, Craig, Catherine, additional, Crane, Eva, additional, Cranston, Peter S., additional, Crumly, Charles R., additional, Dahlem, Gregory A., additional, Dahlsten, Donald L., additional, DeFoliart, Gene R., additional, Denholm, Ian, additional, Denlinger, David L., additional, Devine, Gregor J., additional, Dickinson, Michael, additional, Dietrich, Christopher H., additional, Dingle, Hugh, additional, Douglas, Angela E., additional, Dowell, Robert V., additional, Dudley, Robert, additional, Edman, John D., additional, Eldridge, Bruce F., additional, Elkinton, Joseph S., additional, Engel, Michael S., additional, Erber, Joachim, additional, Federici, Brian A., additional, Feldman, Lewis J., additional, Ferreira, Clélia, additional, Foster, R. Nelson, additional, Frankie, Gordon W., additional, Franks, Nigel R., additional, French, Andrew S., additional, Futuyma, Douglas J., additional, Gentry, Erin C., additional, Gerry, Alec C., additional, Ghiradella, Helen, additional, Gillespie, Rosemary G., additional, Giribet, Gonzalo, additional, Goff, M. Lee, additional, Gordh, Gordon, additional, Gotthard, Karl, additional, Grbić, Miodrag, additional, Greenberg, Les, additional, Grimaldi, David, additional, Grossmann, Christin, additional, Gullan, Penny J., additional, Gwynne, Darryl T., additional, Hallman, Guy, additional, Hare, J. Daniel, additional, Harrison, Jon F., additional, Hastriter, Michael W., additional, Headrick, David H., additional, Heinrich, Bernd, additional, Held, David W., additional, Hellenthal, Ronald A., additional, Hendrichs, Jorge, additional, Henk, Adam D., additional, Hinkle, Nancy C., additional, Hoddle, M.S., additional, Hogue, James N., additional, Houck, Marilyn A., additional, Howarth, Francis G., additional, Hoy, Ron, additional, Hurd, Lawrence E., additional, Ingrisch, Sigfrid, additional, Irwin, Michael E., additional, Jander, Rudolf, additional, Janssens, Frans, additional, Jeanne, Robert L., additional, Joron, Mathieu, additional, Josephson, Robert, additional, Kampmeier, Gail E., additional, Kaneshiro, Kenneth Y., additional, Kanost, Michael R., additional, Kaplan, Alan I., additional, Keiper, Joe B., additional, Kennedy, George G., additional, Kirkendall, Lawrence R., additional, Klass, Klaus-Dieter, additional, Klotz, John, additional, Klowden, Marc J., additional, Koch, Markus, additional, Kogan, Marcos, additional, Kruess, Andreas, additional, Land, Michael F., additional, Lane, Robert S., additional, Leak, Stephen G.A., additional, Lee, Richard E., additional, Lehane, M.J., additional, Leppla, Norman C., additional, Leskosky, Richard J., additional, Lewis, Vernard R., additional, Liebherr, James K., additional, Liu, Paul Z., additional, Lloyd, James E., additional, Loudon, Catherine, additional, Lynn, Dwight E., additional, Majerus, Michael E.N., additional, Martin, Jon H., additional, Masaki, Sinzo, additional, Mason, Linda J., additional, Matsumura, Fumio, additional, McHugh, Joseph V., additional, Meinking, Terri L., additional, Merritt, Richard W., additional, Millar, Jocelyn G., additional, Miller, Thomas A., additional, Mills, Nick, additional, Mitchell, B.K., additional, Mockford, Edward L., additional, Moffett, Mark W., additional, Monath, Thomas P., additional, Morse, John C., additional, Moulds, Max S., additional, Mound, Laurence A., additional, Mullens, Bradley A., additional, Nachtigall, Werner, additional, Nagy, Lisa, additional, Navajas, Maria, additional, Nedvěd, Oldřich, additional, New, Tim R., additional, Nishida, Gordon M., additional, Normark, Benjamin B., additional, O’Brochta, David A., additional, Oconnor, Barry M., additional, O’Donnell, Sean, additional, O’Grady, Patrick M., additional, Otte, Daniel, additional, Page, Terry L., additional, Paine, Timothy D., additional, Palmer, James O., additional, Papaj, Daniel R., additional, Pass, Günther, additional, Patel, Nipam H., additional, Pettersson, Mats W., additional, Pinto, John D., additional, Plarre, Rudy, additional, Platzer, Edward G., additional, Poinar, George, additional, Potter, Daniel A., additional, Powell, Jerry A., additional, Price, Roger D., additional, Prokopy, Ronald, additional, Purcell, Alexander H., additional, Quicke, Donald L.J., additional, Radovsky, Frank J., additional, Rankin, Susan M., additional, Reisen, William K., additional, Rentz, D.C.F., additional, Resh, Vincent H., additional, Riddiford, Lynn M., additional, Ridsdill-Smith, James, additional, Ritzmann, Roy E., additional, Robinson, Alan, additional, Robinson, Gene E., additional, Roderick, George K., additional, Rosenberg, David M., additional, Ross, Edward S., additional, Rust, Michael K., additional, Sartori, Michel, additional, Saul-Gershenz, Leslie, additional, Schaefer, Carl W., additional, Schick, Katherine N., additional, Schmidt, Justin O., additional, Scott, Michelle Pellissier, additional, Scott, Thomas W., additional, Scriber, J. Mark, additional, Sehnal, František, additional, Sherman, Irwin W., additional, Sherman, Ronald A., additional, Simberloff, Daniel, additional, Simmons, Leigh W., additional, Simpson, S.J., additional, Smedley, Scott R., additional, Smith, Edward H., additional, Sonenshine, Daniel E., additional, Sorensen, John T., additional, Spagna, Joseph C., additional, Sparks, Beverly, additional, Sperling, Felix A.H., additional, Statzner, Bernhard, additional, Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf, additional, Stehr, Frederick W., additional, Stewart, Kenneth W., additional, Stiling, Peter, additional, Storer, Andrew J., additional, Stork, Nigel E., additional, Stouthamer, Richard, additional, Strand, Michael R., additional, Strausfeld, Nicholas J., additional, Sturm, Helmut, additional, Suarez, R.K., additional, Sullivan, Daniel J., additional, Takeda, Satoshi, additional, Tauber, Catherine A., additional, Tauber, Maurice J., additional, Taylor, Orley R., additional, Telfer, William H., additional, Tennessen, K.J., additional, Terra, Walter R., additional, Thies, Carsten, additional, Thompson, F. Christian, additional, Thompson, S.N., additional, Thorp, James H., additional, Thorp, Robbin W., additional, Tilgner, Erich H., additional, Torkkeli, Päivi H., additional, Traniello, James F.A., additional, Tscharntke, Teja, additional, Vail, Karen M., additional, Driesche, R.G. Van, additional, Vaughan, Mace, additional, Vincent, Charles, additional, Virant-Doberlet, Meta, additional, Visscher, P. Kirk, additional, Vittum, Patricia J., additional, Walker, Gregory P., additional, Wallace, J. Bruce, additional, Webb, Graham C., additional, Weintraub, Phyllis, additional, Weirauch, Christiane, additional, Welter, Stephen C., additional, Weseloh, Ronald M., additional, Wheeler, Diana E., additional, Whiting, Michael F., additional, Will, Kipling W., additional, Williams, Stanley C., additional, Winterton, Shaun L., additional, Wood, David L., additional, Wootton, Robin J., additional, Yack, Jayne, additional, Zablotny, James E., additional, Zill, Sasha N., additional, and Zwick, Peter, additional

Published
2009
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38. Ulidiidae

Author

Shields, Vonnie D. C., primary, Gall, Lawrence F., additional, and Rust, Michael K., additional

Published
2008
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43. Uric Acid

Author

Shields, Vonnie D. C., primary, Gall, Lawrence F., additional, and Rust, Michael K., additional

Published
2008
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44. Urban Entomology

Author

Shields, Vonnie D. C., primary, Gall, Lawrence F., additional, and Rust, Michael K., additional

Published
2008
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45. Urticating Hairs

Author

Shields, Vonnie D. C., primary, Gall, Lawrence F., additional, and Rust, Michael K., additional

Published
2008
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47. Ungulate Lice

Author

Shields, Vonnie D. C., primary, Gall, Lawrence F., additional, and Rust, Michael K., additional

Published
2008
Full Text
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