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Leaf rust and stripe rust are devastating wheat diseases, causing significant yield losses in many regions of the world. The use of resistant varieties is the most efficient way to protect wheat crops from these diseases. Sharon goatgrass (Aegilops sharonensis or AES), which is a diploid wild relative of wheat, exhibits a high frequency of leaf and stripe rust resistance. We used the resistant AES accession TH548 and induced homoeologous recombination by the ph1b allele to obtain resistant wheat recombinant lines carrying AES chromosome segments in the genetic background of the spring wheat cultivar Galil. The gametocidal effect from AES was overcome by using an 'anti-gametocidal' wheat mutant. These recombinant lines were found resistant to highly virulent races of the leaf and stripe rust pathogens in Israel and the United States. Molecular DArT analysis of the different recombinant lines revealed different lengths of AES segments on wheat chromosome 6B, which indicates the location of both resistance genes. Key words: Aegilops sharonensis, wheat, recombinant lines, leaf rust resistance, stripe rust resistance, DArT mapping. Les rouilles brunes et jaunes sont des maladies devastatrices chez le ble puisqu'elles causent d'importantes pertes de rendement dans plusieurs regions du monde. L'emploi de varietes resistantes est le moyen le plus efficient de proteger le ble de ces maladies. L'egilope de Sharon (Aegilops sharonensis ou AES), une espece diploide sauvage apparentee au ble, presente une haute frequence de resistance aux rouilles brunes et jaunes. Les auteurs ont employe une accession resistante de l'AES, TH548, et induit de la recombinaison homeologue a l'aide de l'allele ph1b pour obtenir des lignees recombinantes de ble dotees de resistance grace a des segments chromosomiques de l'AES introduits dans le fond genetique du cultivar de ble de printemps Galil. L'effet gametocide de l'AES a ete surmonte en employant un ble mutant << anti-gametocide >>. Ces lignees recombinantes etaient resistantes a des races tres virulentes des rouilles brunes et jaunes en Israel et aux Etats-Unis. Des analyses DArT realisees sur les differentes lignees recombinantes ont revele que les segments chromosomiques de l'AES introduits sur le chromosome 6B du ble etaient de differentes longueurs, ce qui a permis de deduire l'emplacement des deux genes de resistance. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: Aegilops sharonensis, ble, lignees recombinantes, resistance a la rouille brune, resistance a la rouille jaune, cartographie a l'aide de marqueurs DArT., Introduction Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina Erikss., and stripe (yellow) rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Erikss., are major wheat diseases. Leaf rust can cause yield [...]