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Tillgång till vädervarningar med information om förväntade konsekvenser av vädret är nödvändigt för god krisberedskap hos myndigheter, kommuner, näringsliv och privatpersoner. Vidareutveckling av varningssystem som fokuserar på förväntade störningar (konsekvensbaserade varningssystem) är därför en viktig komponent i samhällets hantering av klimatförändringar. Forskningsprojektet AI för klimatanpassning (AI4CA) har analyserat möjligheter och hinder med att inkludera AI-baserad text- och bildanalys som stöd till SMHI:s konsekvensbaserade vädervarningssystem och på sikt även stödja långsiktig klimatanpassning.

Bakgrund: Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) är synonymt med diagnosen selektiv ätovilja/restriktivt ätande och karakteriseras som restriktivt eller undvikande ätbeteende. Beteendet kan orsaka negativ psykosocial påverkan då personen upplever obehag vid aktiviteter där okänd eller oönskad mat erbjuds samt leda till ett otillräckligt energi- och näringsintag som kan orsaka klinisk näringsbrist och/eller viktnedgång eller annan fysisk påverkan. Kunskapsläget kring diagnosen ARFID är begränsat och patienter med diagnosen får sällan någon vård eller otillräcklig vård. Denna litteraturstudie ämnar bidra till hur distriktssköterskans omvårdnad av barn och ungdomar med ARFID kan utformas. Syfte: Att beskriva omvårdnad av barn med ARFID utifrån distriktssköterskans perspektiv. Metod: Integrativ litteraturstudie med deskriptiv design och systematiska litteratursökningar. Tretton studier inkluderades i studien efter granskning. Resultat: Studien bidrar till att barn med mild till måttligt svår ARFID får utökad möjlighet till behandling via distriktsköterskans omvårdad. Studien ökar kunskapen om barn med ARFID samt beskriver hur omvårdnaden kan utformas inom öppenvården. Distriktssköterskans centrala funktion inom området har belysts och underlag för omvårdnad har sammanställts. Slutsats: Resultatet sammanställdes iomvårdnadsåtgärder samt en omvårdnadsmodell för barn med ARFID. Dessa är tänkta att vara verktyg för distriktssköterskan vid behandling av barn med ARFID.

Barn i behov av särskilt stöd ska få förutsättningar att inkluderas i förskolans utbildning och undervisning i enlighet med styrdokumenten. Det kräver medvetna och kompetenta förskollärare som i samarbete med specialpedagoger arbetar med inkluderingspraktiker, specialpedagogisk organisation och arbetssätt. Studiens syfte är därför att bidra med kunskap om hur förskollärare arbetar för att inkludera och stödja barn med kommunikativa svårigheter som är i behov av särskilt stöd. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer har den insamlade empirin lagt grunden för en jämförelse mellan två förskolors arbete med inkluderingspraktiker, specialpedagogisk organisation och arbetssätt. I analysen synliggörs två organisationer, där den ena upplevs mer formell än den andra, dock synliggörs stora likheter i arbetet med inkluderingspraktiker i relation till arbetet med att stödja barn i behov av särskilt stöd.

We are developing a new transmission-based probe for assessing vertebrae strength via the differences between the dielectric properties of normal and osteoporotic bone. The probes are simple open-ended coaxial cables that will fit easily into the pedicle canals drilled by the surgeons before implanting screws to secure the supporting instrumentation. If the screws pull because of bone weakness, it can inflict a wide range of complications. In the progression towards actual clinical trials, we have already validated the approach on different liquids with varying dielectric properties. In this study, we assess actual animal bone samples as a precursor to human investigations. We exploit the fact that the trabecular bone is considerably different on opposite sides of the growth plate of long bones such as the femur - somewhat mimicking differences between normal and osteoporotic bone. For these experiments, we show that the properties of the distal and proximal sections are considerably different and present opportunities to exploit them in a diagnostic setting

World Literatures: Cosmopolitan and Vernacular Dynamics

Lu Xun’s ‘A Madman’s Diary’ (1918) is regarded as the first instance of modern Chinese fiction written in the vernacular. Rydholm shows how Lu Xun made use of both diglossia and multiglossia in this short story to stage the battle between languages and ideologies at the time, hoping to reform the ‘real’ world. The narrative structure stages a diglossic battle between the juxtaposed Preface, written in the classical, literary language embodying the traditional, Confucian cosmopolitan worldview, and the Diary, written in the contemporary vernacular, the vehicle of the New Culture Movement’s national-language-nation-building discourse. Rydholm’s study reveals how the binary opposition between the Preface and the Diary is undermined, ideologically and linguistically, by what may be called ‘translingual practice’ (Liu, 1995). Rydholm concludes that Lu Xun thrived in the ‘Shaky House’ (Zhou, 2011), the situation of linguistic experimentation in contemporary literature, and that his literary worlds of multiglossia contributed to the development of a new elite ‘cosmopolitan vernacular’ in China to replace the classical, cosmopolitan literary language.

This chapter discuss vernacularization in modern Chinese fiction through an analysis of the vernacular prose in Lao She’s satirical novel Cat Country (1933), using an enlarged timeframe, including the cosmopolitan-vernacular dynamic in pre-modern Chinese literature to gain a deeper understanding of vernacularization in China in the early twentieth century. In the diglossic socio-linguistic situation in China, the vernacular movement, was not a reaction against the languages of the foreign imperialists, but rather a reaction against the Chinese classical, literary language, wenyan, the major vehicle for traditional culture and Confucianism. The written vernacular, baihua, that developed with demands for modernization and the national-language-nation-building discourse (Hu Shi, 1918) was highly experimental (Zhou, 2011) and influenced by translations of foreign languages into Chinese. However, vernacularization in China was not a case of passive reception of western languages and modes of literary – political communication, thus awarding too little agency to the writers in this process (Liu, 1995), and disregarding the influence of traditional Chinese prose fiction. My study shows that Lao She’s multiglossic vernacular prose fiction, could be seen as a kind of vernacular, “cultural cosmopolitanism from below” (Taraborrelli, 2015), just as vernacular prose fiction in pre-modern times, it developed and thrived due to its close relationship to spoken language and dialect, performative genres and storytelling through processes that can be relevant to consider when theorizing the vernacular in World literary studies.

By issuing interest rate derivative contracts, market makers such as large banks are exposed to undesired risk. There are several methods for banks to hedge themselves against this type of risk; one such method is the stochastic programming model developed by Blomvall and Hagenbjörk (2022). The effectiveness of their model relies on accurate pricing of interest rate derivatives and risk factor analysis, both of which are derived from a term structure. Blomvall and Ndengo (2013) present a discretized multiple yield curve framework for term structure measurement that allows for price deviations. The model uses regularization to deal with noise inherent in market price observations, where the regularization counteracts oscillations in the term structure and retains the smoothness of the curve by penalizing the first and second-order derivatives. Consequently, the resulting model creates a trade-off between a smooth curve and market price deviations. Changes in policy rates adjusted by a country’s central bank significantly impact the financial market and its actors. In this thesis, the model developed by Blomvall and Ndengo (2013) was further extended to include these steps in conjunction with monetary policy meetings. Two models were developed to realize the steps in the risk-free curve. The first model introduced an additional deviation term to allow for a shift in the curve. In the second model, the weights in the regularization were adjusted to allow for rapid changes on days surrounding the closest monetary policy meeting. A statistical test was conducted to determine the performance of the two models. The test showed that the model with adjusted regularization outperformed the model with an additional deviation term as well as a benchmark model without steps. However, both step models managed to reduce in-sample pricing errors, while the model with an additional deviation term performed worse than the benchmark model for out-of-sample data, given the current para