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12 results on '"Rzepecki, Andreas"'

1. Legacy of last millennium timber use on plant cover in Central Europe: Insights from tree rings and pollen

Author

Antoine, Emma, Marquer, Laurent, Muigg, Bernhard, Tegel, Willy, Bisson, Ugo, Bolliger, Matthias, Herzig, Franz, Heussner, Karl-Uwe, Hofmann, Jutta, Kontic, Raymond, Kyncl, Tomáš, Land, Alexander, Lechterbeck, Jutta, Leuschner, Hanns Hubert, Linderholm, Hans W., Neyses-Eiden, Mechthild, Rösch, Manfred, Rzepecki, Andreas, Walder, Felix, Weidemüller, Julia, Westphal, Thorsten, and Seim, Andrea

Published
2024
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4. Historical Spruce Abundance in Central Europe: A Combined Dendrochronological and Palynological Approach

Author

Seim, Andrea, Marquer, Laurent, Bisson, Ugo, Hofmann, Jutta, Herzig, Franz, Kontic, Raymond, Lechterbeck, Jutta, Muigg, Bernhard, Neyses-Eiden, Mechthild, Rzepecki, Andreas, Rösch, Manfred, Walder, Felix, Weidemüller, Julia, and Tegel, Willy

Subjects
Ecology, Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470 [VDP], Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Spruce is the most cultivated tree species in modern forestry in Central Europe, since it has the ability to grow on many soil types with profitable biomass accumulation. However, even-aged and uniform spruce forests are affected by recurring droughts and associated biotic stressors leading to large-scale diebacks across Central Europe causing controversies among foresters and nature conservationists. We investigate the role of spruce in historical woodlands by using 15666 spruce timbers from historical buildings and on the basis of pollen-based land cover estimates using the REVEALS model from 157 pollen sites in southern Central Europe. Start and end dates of the spruce timber samples and their dendrological characteristics (age, growth rates and stem diameters) were used to obtain information on past forest structures. Tree rings and REVEALS estimates are combined at a spatial scale of 1° × 1° resolution, grouped in four sub-regions, and a temporal resolution of 100-year time windows starting from 1150 to 1850 CE. We found that spruce dominates the species assemblage of construction timber with almost 41% and that the harvest age varies little through time, whereas a declining trend in growth rates and stem diameters are observed toward times before modern forestry. Temporal and regional differences in spruce abundance and building activity were found highlighting periods of (i) land abandonment and forest expansion in the 14th century, (ii) increased wood consumption during the 16th century due to population increase and beginning industrial developments, (iii) a forest recovery during and after the Thirty years' war, and (iv) afforestation efforts from the 1650s onwards. Furthermore, this study shows that spruce was constantly present in the study area in most studied sub-regions for the last 800 years. We demonstrate the need of combining tree-ring and pollen data to identify spatiotemporal patterns in spruce abundance and utilization.

Published
2022
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6. Regional Patterns of Late Medieval and Early Modern European Building Activity Revealed by Felling Dates

Author

Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik, Seim, Andrea, Tegel, Willy, Krusic, Paul J., Baittinger, Claudia, Belingard, Christelle, Bernabei, Mauro, Bonde, Niels, Borghaerts, Paul, Couturier, Yann, Crone, Anne, van Daalen, Sjoerd, Daly, Aoife, Doeve, Petra, Domínguez-Delmás, Marta, Edouard, Jean-Louis, Frank, Thomas, Ginzler, Christian, Grabner, Michael, Gschwind, Friederike M., Haneca, Kristof, Hansson, Anton, Herzig, Franz, Heussner, Karl-Uwe, Hofmann, Jutta, Houbrechts, David, Kaczka, Ryszard J., Kolář, Tomáš, Kontic, Raymond, Kyncl, Tomáš, Labbas, Vincent, Lagerås, Per, Le Digol, Yannick, Le Roy, Melaine, Leuschner, Hanns Hubert, Linderson, Hans, Ludlow, Francis, Marais, Axel, Mills, Coralie M., Neyses-Eiden, Mechthild, Nicolussi, Kurt, Perrault, Christophe, Pfeifer, Klaus, Rybníček, Michal, Rzepecki, Andreas, Schmidhalter, Martin, Seifert, Mathias, Shindo, Lisa, Spyt, Barbara, Susperregi, Josué, Løvstrand Svarva, Helene, Thun, Terje, Walder, Felix, Ważny, Tomasz, Werthe, Elise, Westphal, Thorsten, Wilson, Rob, Büntgen, Ulf, Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik, Seim, Andrea, Tegel, Willy, Krusic, Paul J., Baittinger, Claudia, Belingard, Christelle, Bernabei, Mauro, Bonde, Niels, Borghaerts, Paul, Couturier, Yann, Crone, Anne, van Daalen, Sjoerd, Daly, Aoife, Doeve, Petra, Domínguez-Delmás, Marta, Edouard, Jean-Louis, Frank, Thomas, Ginzler, Christian, Grabner, Michael, Gschwind, Friederike M., Haneca, Kristof, Hansson, Anton, Herzig, Franz, Heussner, Karl-Uwe, Hofmann, Jutta, Houbrechts, David, Kaczka, Ryszard J., Kolář, Tomáš, Kontic, Raymond, Kyncl, Tomáš, Labbas, Vincent, Lagerås, Per, Le Digol, Yannick, Le Roy, Melaine, Leuschner, Hanns Hubert, Linderson, Hans, Ludlow, Francis, Marais, Axel, Mills, Coralie M., Neyses-Eiden, Mechthild, Nicolussi, Kurt, Perrault, Christophe, Pfeifer, Klaus, Rybníček, Michal, Rzepecki, Andreas, Schmidhalter, Martin, Seifert, Mathias, Shindo, Lisa, Spyt, Barbara, Susperregi, Josué, Løvstrand Svarva, Helene, Thun, Terje, Walder, Felix, Ważny, Tomasz, Werthe, Elise, Westphal, Thorsten, Wilson, Rob, and Büntgen, Ulf

Abstract

Although variations in building activity are a useful indicator of societal well-being and demographic development, historical datasets for larger regions and longer periods are still rare. Here, we present 54,045 annually precise dendrochronological felling dates from historical construction timber from across most of Europe between 1250 and 1699 CE to infer variations in building activity. We use geostatistical techniques to compare spatiotemporal dynamics in past European building activity against independent demographic, economic, social and climatic data. We show that the felling dates capture major geographical patterns of demographic trends, especially in regions with dense data coverage. A particularly strong negative association is found between grain prices and the number of felling dates. In addition, a significant positive association is found between the number of felling dates and mining activity. These strong associations, with well-known macro-economic indicators from pre-industrial Europe, corroborate the use of felling dates as an independent source for exploring large-scale fluctuations of societal well-being and demographic development. Three prominent examples are the building boom in the Hanseatic League region of northeastern Germany during the 13th century, the onset of the Late Medieval Crisis in much of Europe c. 1300, and the cessation of building activity in large parts of central Europe during armed conflicts such as the Thirty Years’ War (1618–1648 CE). Despite new insights gained from our European-wide felling date inventory, further studies are needed to investigate changes in construction activity of high versus low status buildings, and of urban versus rural buildings, and to compare those results with a variety of historical documentary sources and natural proxy archives.

Published
2022
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7. Regional Patterns of Late Medieval and Early Modern European Building Activity Revealed by Felling Dates

Author

Ljungqvist, Fredrik Charpentier, Seim, Andrea, Tegel, Willy, Krusic, Paul J., Baittinger, Claudia, Belingard, Christelle, Bernabei, Mauro, Bonde, Niels, Borghaerts, Paul, Couturier, Yann, Crone, Anne, van Daalen, Sjoerd, Daly, Aoife, Doeve, Petra, Dominguez-Delmas, Marta, Edouard, Jean-Louis, Frank, Thomas, Ginzler, Christian, Grabner, Michael, Gschwind, Friederike M., Haneca, Kristof, Hansson, Anton, Herzig, Franz, Heussner, Karl-Uwe, Hofmann, Jutta, Houbrechts, David, Kaczka, Ryszard J., Kolar, Tomas, Kontic, Raymond, Kyncl, Tomas, Labbas, Vincent, Lageras, Per, Le Digol, Yannick, Le Roy, Melaine, Leuschner, Hanns Hubert, Linderson, Hans, Ludlow, Francis, Marais, Axel, Mills, Coralie M., Neyses-Eiden, Mechthild, Nicolussi, Kurt, Perrault, Christophe, Pfeifer, Klaus, Rybnicek, Michal, Rzepecki, Andreas, Schmidhalter, Martin, Seifert, Mathias, Shindo, Lisa, Spyt, Barbara, Susperregi, Josue, Svarva, Helene Lovstrand, Thun, Terje, Walder, Felix, Wazny, Tomasz, Werthe, Elise, Westphal, Thorsten, Wilson, Rob, Buentgen, Ulf, Ljungqvist, Fredrik Charpentier, Seim, Andrea, Tegel, Willy, Krusic, Paul J., Baittinger, Claudia, Belingard, Christelle, Bernabei, Mauro, Bonde, Niels, Borghaerts, Paul, Couturier, Yann, Crone, Anne, van Daalen, Sjoerd, Daly, Aoife, Doeve, Petra, Dominguez-Delmas, Marta, Edouard, Jean-Louis, Frank, Thomas, Ginzler, Christian, Grabner, Michael, Gschwind, Friederike M., Haneca, Kristof, Hansson, Anton, Herzig, Franz, Heussner, Karl-Uwe, Hofmann, Jutta, Houbrechts, David, Kaczka, Ryszard J., Kolar, Tomas, Kontic, Raymond, Kyncl, Tomas, Labbas, Vincent, Lageras, Per, Le Digol, Yannick, Le Roy, Melaine, Leuschner, Hanns Hubert, Linderson, Hans, Ludlow, Francis, Marais, Axel, Mills, Coralie M., Neyses-Eiden, Mechthild, Nicolussi, Kurt, Perrault, Christophe, Pfeifer, Klaus, Rybnicek, Michal, Rzepecki, Andreas, Schmidhalter, Martin, Seifert, Mathias, Shindo, Lisa, Spyt, Barbara, Susperregi, Josue, Svarva, Helene Lovstrand, Thun, Terje, Walder, Felix, Wazny, Tomasz, Werthe, Elise, Westphal, Thorsten, Wilson, Rob, and Buentgen, Ulf

Abstract

Although variations in building activity are a useful indicator of societal well-being and demographic development, historical datasets for larger regions and longer periods are still rare. Here, we present 54,045 annually precise dendrochronological felling dates from historical construction timber from across most of Europe between 1250 and 1699 CE to infer variations in building activity. We use geostatistical techniques to compare spatiotemporal dynamics in past European building activity against independent demographic, economic, social and climatic data. We show that the felling dates capture major geographical patterns of demographic trends, especially in regions with dense data coverage. A particularly strong negative association is found between grain prices and the number of felling dates. In addition, a significant positive association is found between the number of felling dates and mining activity. These strong associations, with well-known macro-economic indicators from pre-industrial Europe, corroborate the use of felling dates as an independent source for exploring large-scale fluctuations of societal well-being and demographic development. Three prominent examples are the building boom in the Hanseatic League region of northeastern Germany during the 13th century, the onset of the Late Medieval Crisis in much of Europe c. 1300, and the cessation of building activity in large parts of central Europe during armed conflicts such as the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648 CE). Despite new insights gained from our European-wide felling date inventory, further studies are needed to investigate changes in construction activity of high versus low status buildings, and of urban versus rural buildings, and to compare those results with a variety of historical documentary sources and natural proxy archives.

Published
2022

9. Regional Patterns of Late Medieval and Early Modern European Building Activity Revealed by Felling Dates

Author

Ljungqvist, Fredrik Charpentier, primary, Seim, Andrea, additional, Tegel, Willy, additional, Krusic, Paul J., additional, Baittinger, Claudia, additional, Belingard, Christelle, additional, Bernabei, Mauro, additional, Bonde, Niels, additional, Borghaerts, Paul, additional, Couturier, Yann, additional, Crone, Anne, additional, van Daalen, Sjoerd, additional, Daly, Aoife, additional, Doeve, Petra, additional, Domínguez-Delmás, Marta, additional, Edouard, Jean-Louis, additional, Frank, Thomas, additional, Ginzler, Christian, additional, Grabner, Michael, additional, Gschwind, Friederike M., additional, Haneca, Kristof, additional, Hansson, Anton, additional, Herzig, Franz, additional, Heussner, Karl-Uwe, additional, Hofmann, Jutta, additional, Houbrechts, David, additional, Kaczka, Ryszard J., additional, Kolář, Tomáš, additional, Kontic, Raymond, additional, Kyncl, Tomáš, additional, Labbas, Vincent, additional, Lagerås, Per, additional, Le Digol, Yannick, additional, Le Roy, Melaine, additional, Leuschner, Hanns Hubert, additional, Linderson, Hans, additional, Ludlow, Francis, additional, Marais, Axel, additional, Mills, Coralie M., additional, Neyses-Eiden, Mechthild, additional, Nicolussi, Kurt, additional, Perrault, Christophe, additional, Pfeifer, Klaus, additional, Rybníček, Michal, additional, Rzepecki, Andreas, additional, Schmidhalter, Martin, additional, Seifert, Mathias, additional, Shindo, Lisa, additional, Spyt, Barbara, additional, Susperregi, Josué, additional, Svarva, Helene Løvstrand, additional, Thun, Terje, additional, Walder, Felix, additional, Ważny, Tomasz, additional, Werthe, Elise, additional, Westphal, Thorsten, additional, Wilson, Rob, additional, and Büntgen, Ulf, additional

Published
2022
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