Search

In ferromagnets, electric current generally induces transverse Hall voltage in proportion to magnetization (anomalous Hall effect), and it is frequently used for electrical readout of the up and down spin states. While these properties are usually not expected in antiferromagnets, recent theoretical studies predicted that non-coplanar antiferromagnetic order with finite scalar spin chirality (i.e. solid angle spanned by neighboring spins) can often induce large spontaneous Hall effect even without net magnetization or external magnetic field. This phenomenon, i.e. spontaneous topological Hall effect, can potentially be used for the efficient electrical readout of the antiferromagnetic states, but its experimental verification has long been elusive due to the lack of appropriate materials hosting such exotic magnetism. Here, we report the discovery of all-in-all-out type non-coplanar antiferromagnetic order in triangular lattice compounds CoTa3S6 and CoNb3S6, by performing the detailed magnetic structure analysis based on polarized neutron scattering experiments as well as systematic first-principles calculations. These compounds are reported to host unconventionally large spontaneous Hall effect despite their vanishingly small net magnetization, and our analysis revealed that it can be well explained in terms of topological Hall effect, which originates from the fictitious magnetic field associated with scalar spin chirality in non-coplanar antiferromagnetic orders. The present results indicate that the scalar spin chirality mechanism can offer a promising route to realize giant spontaneous Hall response even in compensated antiferromagnets, and highlight intercalated van der Waals magnets as an unique quasi-two-dimensional material platform to enable various nontrivial manner of electrical reading and possible writing of non-coplanar antiferromagnetic domains., Comment: to appear in Nature Physics

The relationship between oral health and the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in the elderly is not yet well understood. In this regard, the association between aging or neurodegeneration of the trigeminal nervous system and the accumulation of amyloid-β(1–42) (Aβ42) oligomers in the pathogenesis of AD is unknown. We focused on selective autophagy in the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (Vmes) and the diffusion of Aβ42 oligomers with respect to aging of the trigeminal nervous system and whether the degeneration of Vmes neurons affects the diffusion of Aβ42 oligomers. We used female 2- to 8-mo-old transgenic 3xTg-AD mice and App NL-G-F knock-in mice and immunohistochemically examined aging-related changes in selective autophagy and Aβ42 oligomer processing in the Vmes, which exhibits high amyloid-β (Aβ) expression. We induced degeneration of Vmes neurons by extracting the maxillary molars and examined the changes in Aβ42 oligomer kinetics. Autophagosome-like membranes, which stained positive for Aβ, HO-1, and LC3B, were observed in Vmes neurons of 3xTg-AD mice, while there was weak immunoreactivity of the membranes for intraneuronal Aβ in App NL-G-F mice. By contrast, there was strong immunopositivity for extracellular Aβ42 oligomers with the formation of Aβ42 oligomer clusters in App NL-G-F mice. The expression of Rubicon, which indicates age-related deterioration of autophagy, increased the diffusion of Aβ42 oligomer with the age of Vmes neurons. Tooth extraction increased the extracellular immunopositivity for Aβ42 oligomers in App NL-G-F mice. These results suggest that autophagy maintains homeostasis in Vmes neurons and that deterioration of autophagy due to aging or neurodegeneration leads to the diffusion of Aβ42 oligomers into the extracellular space and possibly the development of AD.

Journal of physics / Conference series 1643, 012181 (2020). doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1643/1/012181, Published by IOP Publ., Bristol

A search for production of the superheavy elements with atomic numbers 119 and 120 was performed in the 50Ti+249Bk and 50Ti+249Cf fusion-evaporation reactions, respectively, at the gas-filled recoil separator TASCA at GSI Darmstadt, Germany. Over four months of irradiation, the 249Bk target partially decayed into 249Cf, which allowed for a simultaneous search for both elements. Neither was detected at cross-section sensitivity levels of 65 and 200 fb for the 50Ti+249Bk and 50Ti+249Cf reactions, respectively, at a midtarget beam energy of Elab=281.5 MeV. The nonobservation of elements 119 and 120 is discussed within the concept of fusion-evaporation reactions including various theoretical predictions on the fission-barrier heights of superheavy nuclei in the region of the island of stability. peerReviewed

Magnetic Weyl semimetals attract considerable interest not only for their topological quantum phenomena but also as an emerging materials class for realizing quantum anomalous Hall effect in the two-dimensional limit. A shandite compound Co

The heaviest currently known nuclei, which have up to 118 protons, have been produced in 48Ca induced reactions with actinide targets. Among them, the element tennessine (Ts), which has 117 protons, has been synthesized by fusing 48Ca with the radioactive target 249Bk, which has a half-life of 327 d. The experiment was performed at the gas-filled recoil separator TASCA. Two long and two short α decay chains were observed. The long chains were attributed to the decay of 294Ts. The possible origin of the short-decay chains is discussed in comparison with the known experimental data. They are found to fit with the decay chain patterns attributed to 293Ts. The present experimental results confirm the previous findings at the Dubna Gas-Filled Recoil Separator on the decay chains originating from the nuclei assigned to Ts.

The deflagration-to-detonation transition in a 100 mm square cross-section channel was investigated for a highly reactive stoichiometric hydrogen oxygen mixture at 70 kPa. Obstacles of 5 mm width and 5, 10, and 15 mm heights were equally spaced 60 mm apart at the bottom of the channel. The phenomenon was investigated primarily by time-resolved schlieren visualization from two orthogonal directions using a high-speed video camera. The detonation transition occurred over a remarkably short distance within only three or four repeated obstacles. The global flame speed just before the detonation transition was well below the sound speed of the combustion products and did not reach the sound speed of the initial unreacted gas for tests with an obstacle height of 5 and 10 mm. These results indicate that a detonation transition does not always require global flame acceleration beyond the speed of sound for highly reactive combustible mixtures. A possible mechanism for this detonation initiation was the mixing of the unreacted and reacted gas in the vicinity of the flame front convoluted by the vortex present behind each obstacle, and the formation of a hot spot by the shock wave. The final onset of the detonation originated from the unreacted gas pocket, which was surrounded by the obstacle downstream face and the channel wall.

Acta physica Polonica / B Particle physics and field theory, nuclear physics, theory of relativity 51(1), 39 (2020). doi:10.5506/APhysPolB.51.39, Published by Inst. of Physics, Jagellonian Univ., Cracow

A 3-year-old male black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys iudovicianus) was presented with a dome-shaped cutaneous mass over the left femur. Microscopically, the mass was encapsulated and composed of proliferating spindle cells arranged in haphazard, interlacing bundles. There were vascular structures within the mass and some spindle cells had transitioned from the peripheral regions of the vascular wall. Immunohistochemically, the cells expressed vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin, desmin and heavy caldesmon. Based on these findings, the mass was diagnosed as a cutaneous angioleiomyoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of cutaneous angioleiomyoma in a black-tailed prairie dog.

A statistical combination of the experimental lifetime estimations available in the literatures is performed for 3 Λ H and 4 Λ H, including several recent measurements. The combined average values of the lifetime for 3 Λ H and 4 Λ H are respectively 216−16+19 ps and 192−18+20 ps with a reduced χ2 of 0.89 and 0.48. A new insight into the lifetime estimation of the HypHI Phase 0 experiment by a Bayesian approach is also presented. In this approach, several different prior distributions including the combination of previous lifetime data and a Jeffrey prior are used. The principal mode and the smallest credible interval at 68% of the posterior distribution, given by the prior belief of the previous measurements, are 217−16+19 ps and 194−18+20 ps respectively for 3 Λ H and 4 Λ H. The two employed approaches have revealed that the lifetime of hypernuclei 3 Λ H and 4 Λ H can be shorter than the Λ –hyperon lifetime.

Gefitinib treatment results in considerably better progression-free survival compared with that of platinum doublets in the first line treatment of nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) carrying an activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation. Some patients who respond to gefitinib have an overall survival (OS) of more than 5 years, whereas other initial responders do less well. Although there has been considerable effort made to elucidate the mechanisms of acquired resistance, there have only been a few studies that addressed the effect of clinical backgrounds and treatment histories on the survival of the patients who had responded to an EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). In this study, we especially focused on the clinical benefit of EGFR-TKI administration after progression.We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with advanced NSCLC who were diagnosed before October 2010, treated with gefitinib after July 2002, and responded to it. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate how clinical backgrounds and treatment histories influence survival of the patients who respond to gefitinib. The secondary objectives were to evaluate the safety of long-term gefitinib use and to establish the optimal treatment sequence using a dynamic treatment regimen analysis (DTRA).A total of 335 patients were recruited. Twenty-eight (8.4%) patients survived more than 5 years. Sixty-five and 93 patients received gefitinib as rechallenge and beyond progressive disease (BPD), respectively. A statistically significant difference in OS was observed between the patients who underwent gefitinib rechallenge and those who did not rechallenge (median: 1272 days vs. 774 days; p0.001), a result supported by a DTRA. Patients treated with gefitinib BPD also showed a tendency of longer survival.Gefitinib rechallenge and BPD played a central role in long term survival of the patients who initially responded to gefitinib.

WOS: 000322848900009, A novel experiment, aiming at demonstrating the feasibility of hypernuclear spectroscopy with heavy ion beams, was conducted. Using the invariant mass method, the spectroscopy of hypernuclear products of Li-6 projectiles on a carbon target at 2 A GeV was performed. Signals of the Lambda-hyperon and H-3(Lambda) and H-4(Lambda) hypernuclei were observed for final states of p + pi(-), He-3 + pi(-) and He-4 + pi(-), respectively, with significance values of 6.7, 4.7 and 4.9 sigma. By analyzing the proper decay time from secondary vertex distribution with the unbinned maximum likelihood fitting method, their lifetime values were deduced to be 262(-43)(+56) +/- 45 ps for Lambda, 183(-32)(+42) +/- 37 ps for H-3(Lambda), and 140(-33)(+48) +/- 35 ps for H-4(Lambda). (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved., Electronics Department of the Institute for Nuclear Physics of Mainz University; Helmholtz association as Helmholtz-University Young Investigators Group at GSI [VH-NG-239]; German Research Foundation (DFG) [SA 1696/1-1]; Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan [18042008]; EU FP7 Hadron-Physics-2 SPHERE; GSI Department of Accelerator; GSI Department of Experimental Electronics; GSI Department of the Detector Laboratory; GSI Department of the Target Laboratory, The authors would like to thank the GSI Departments of Accelerator, of Experimental Electronics, of the Detector Laboratory and of the Target Laboratory and the Electronics Department of the Institute for Nuclear Physics of Mainz University for supporting the project. The HypHI project is funded by the Helmholtz association as Helmholtz-University Young Investigators Group VH-NG-239 at GSI, and the German Research Foundation (DFG) under contract number SA 1696/1-1. The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas 449, and Grant-in-Aid for promotion of Cooperative Research in Osaka Electro-Communication University (2004-2006). This work is also supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research 18042008 and EU FP7 Hadron-Physics-2 SPHERE. A part of this work was carried out on the HIMSTER high performance computing infrastructure provided by the Helmholtz-Institute Mainz.

Metastatic pulmonary calcification, defined as calcium deposition in the intact lung, is commonly seen in patients with chronic renal failure, and it is known to be a benign clinical condition when detected by chance in an asymptomatic patient. Here we report the case of a 33-year-old woman who developed rapid and aggressive metastatic pulmonary calcification shortly after a living donor kidney transplantation, which induced acute antibody-mediated rejection. The patient's metastatic pulmonary calcification was successfully improved by extensive treatment for graft rejection, the correction of her accompanying primary hyperparathyroidism, and medical treatment with a bisphosphonate and sodium thiosulfate. Aggressive pulmonary calcification is reported as a rare complication seen in patients who have undergone a failed renal transplantation. A failed renal graft and accompanying secondary hyperparathyroidism seem to accelerate metastatic calcification. Most of the patients who develop aggressive pulmonary calcification suffer from the rapid progression of dyspnea and occasionally fever, and they die of respiratory failure. Pulmonary calcification should be considered in a patient developing dyspnea and unexplained pulmonary infiltrate, especially in the context of renal graft rejection; otherwise the prognosis of the patient will be very poor.

The phase boundary between the quantum solid and the liquid phases of $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ is strongly modified in a porous material. However the phase diagram at very low temperatures remains unexplored. We have used a variable-volume experimental cell with optical access to visualize the crystallization of $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ in silica aerogels with independent control of the pressure and temperature. The onset of crystallization was investigated in two aerogel samples with differing porosity both by pressurization at constant temperature and by cooling at constant pressure. With isothermal pressurization we have established a low-temperature phase diagram for each aerogel, and we find that the equilibrium crystallization pressure is reduced with increasing aerogel porosity. Crystals also began to grow in the aerogel on cooling at fixed pressure below an onset temperature ${T}_{\mathrm{grow}}$. We found that below this temperature the crystallization rate increased with decreasing temperature. The aerogel in our cell was surrounded by bulk crystals of $^{4}\mathrm{He}$, and surprisingly ${T}_{\mathrm{grow}}$ was found to be widely distributed when the surrounding bulk crystals were repressurized. In this experimental arrangement, crystallization within the aerogel on cooling requires mass flow from these exterior bulk crystals and is strongly influenced by the disordered structure at the interface between the bulk solid and the helium within the aerogel.

Future experiments at the new accelerator facility FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) for the research with ion and anti-proton beams require new developments of front-end electronics to tolerate high data rate. We have developed a PCIe card and front-end cards equipped with the small form-factor pluggable (SFP) transceivers for the data transfer via optical fiber. A new protocol has been designed and implemented on the FPGAs in order to provide communication between the PCIe card and the front-end cards. The standard data acquisition (DAQ) system at GSI, multi-branch system (MBS), has been upgraded to support the PCIe cards and is working stably with the data transfer rate up to 180 Mbytes per second.

Background: Taking an advantage of the high sensitivity of 3D T2*-weighted gradient-recalled-echo (GRE) imaging to cerebral microbleeds, we investigated the relationship between cerebral microbleeds and leukoaraiosis. Methods: Participants aged 40 years or more have been evaluated for the presence of cerebral microbleeds using 3D T2*-GRE sequence since 2006. The severity of periventricular hyperintensity (PVH) and deep white matter hyperintensity (DWMH) on fluid attenuated inversion recovery images was assessed using Fazekas rating scales. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted after adjustment for stroke subtype, age, PVH, DWMH, hypertension, dementia, and use of platelet aggregation inhibitors. Additionally, we examined the association between cerebral microbleeds and other covariates using a Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results: Amongst 389 patients, 67 patients had a single microbleed and 93 had multiple microbleeds. The prevalence of microbleeds was 83% amongst 53 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), 49% amongst 173 with infarction, and 20% amongst 163 without any type of stroke. In the multivariate analyses, the odds ratio (95% CIs) of microbleed detection was 10.1, (4.12–24.8) for ICH, 2.33 (1.12–4.85) for atherosclerotic infarction, 1.66 (1.10–2.48) for PVH, and 1.49 (1.02–2.19) for DWMH. In the Pearson’s correlation analysis, cerebral microbleeds were closely related to PVH (Pearson’s correlation coefficient; 0.48) and DWMH (0.37), compared with age (0.16). Conclusions: High-grade PVH, high-grade DWMH, ICH, and atherosclerotic infarction were significantly independent predictors for cerebral microbleeds. In addition, we found that the grades of PVH and DWMH have a closer association with the number of cerebral microbleeds than age.

Recently tightly coupled partitioned iterative methods have drawn a great deal of attention due to easy implementation and encapsulation features, and many nonlinear algorithms have been proposed so far. However, their practical performances have not been well understood yet. This paper describes the intensive parametric study on convergence and stability performances of four kinds of nonlinear algorithms with line-search techniques for partitioned iterative methods of steady/unsteady fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems. Here we choose three typical FSI problems as test problems, i.e. (1) Collapsible channel as a steady problem, (2) Cavity with flexible bottom membrane and (3) Channel with flexible wall as unsteady problems. Efficiency and robustness dependency of those nonlinear algorithms on physical parameters such as degree of nonlinearity, added mass effect, time step, and control parameters peculiar to each algorithm are clarified. Through those tests, we demonstrate that the Line extrapolation method and Broyden method with Backtrack line-search technique show good performances in both stability and efficiency.

Metal-catalyzed SWCNT growth has been modeled using quantum chemical molecular dynamics (QM/MD) in conjunction with feeding of carbon atoms to C 40 –Fe 55 and C 40 –Ni 55 model complexes at 1500 K. The rate of Fe 55 -catalyzed SWCNT growth determined in this work was 19% slower than the Fe 38 -catalyzed growth rate. Conversely, Ni 55 -catalyzed SWCNT growth exhibited a growth rate 69% larger than of Fe 55 -catalyzed SWCNT growth, a fact consistent with excellent performance of Ni in laser evaporation and carbon-arc experiments. Ni 55 -catalyzed growth was preceded by the formation of extended polyyne chains at the base of the SWCNT, and so differed fundamentally from Fe 55 -catalyzed growth. These polyyne chains usually persisted for 10–30 ps. Subsequent polyyne ring condensation resulted in carbon polygon addition at the SWCNT base. The relative stabilities of the C n carbon cluster moieties on the Fe 55 and Ni 55 surfaces were consistent with the relative strengths of the Fe–C, Ni–C and C–C interactions. The presence of smaller carbon moieties on the Fe 55 surface led to the dissemination of surface iron atoms, and subsequent diffusion of short C n units through the subsurface region of the catalyst particle. Conversely, the Ni 55 catalyst particle was observed to be more stable, remaining intact to a greater extent.

Atomic and electronic structure and energetic stability of newly proposed pentagonal and hexagonal chiral complex silicon nanowires (NWs) composed of five or six ⟨110⟩ oriented crystalline fragments were studied using the ab initio DFT method. The chirality of the wires was caused by consecutive shifts of each fragment by 1/5 or 1/6 of the wire unit cell parameter and rotations of 4° and 3.3° for achiral pentagonal or hexagonal wires, respectively. Chirality causes the HOMO−LUMO gap to reduce by 0.1 eV. Chiral silicon nanowires are found to be metastable structures with a 4.5 (kcal/mol)/Si atom potential barrier for reversible chiral ↔ achiral transformation.

The updated results from the hypernuclear γ -ray spectroscopy experiment, KEK-E566, are presented in this paper with emphasis on the γ -ray spin assignment. The KEK-E566 experiment was performed at the KEK-PS K6 beam line in 2005. In this experiment, C 12 ( π + , K + ) C Λ 12 reaction was used to produce C Λ 12 / B Λ 11 hypernuclei. A germanium detector array, Hyperball2, was constructed to detect γ rays emitted from the hypernuclei. Six hypernuclear γ -ray peaks were observed and assigned successfully.

The application of MRI to 167 Holstein cows and 76 Japanese black cows made it possible to distinguish two types of residual cleft cysts (RCCs) in their pituitary glands on the basis of the differences in signal intensity: fluid-filled lesions with an intensity equal to that of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (hypointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images); and solid lesions that were hypointense compared with cerebral parenchyma and isointense with CSF on T1-weighted images, and hypointense compared with cerebral parenchyma on T2-weighted images. Solid material was observed in lesions with a mean (sd) diameter of 2.09 (1.28) mm in 56 (33.5 per cent) of the Holstein cows, and in lesions with a mean diameter of 1.91 (0.89) mm in 20 (26.3 per cent) of the Japanese black cows. Four of the Holstein cows had RCCs more than 7 mm in diameter. Long-term development of the RCCs was suggested by histological findings of epithelial stratification and a structural shift from having a single to a stratified epithelial layer within the residual clefts of the affected pituitary glands.

An experimental investigation has been conducted to study the effect of grounded electrode location and polarity on time averaged discharge current, velocity profile, volumetric flow rate and pressure generation for a wire-non-parallel plate type EHD gas pump. The experiments were conducted with two different electrode configurations for the negative and positive applied voltages from 0 to 14 kV at atmospheric pressure and room temperature, where air was used as the working fluid. The experimental results showed that: (1) a maximum gas velocity of 1.9 m/s corresponding to a volumetric flow rate of 44 l/min was observed; (2) the volumetric flow rate, gas velocity and pressure generation increased with increasing applied dc voltage or EHD number; (3) a non-linear relationship between the pressure generation and the gas velocity was observed and the flow generated was always turbulent or limited re-circulating laminar flow. The mechanism of unidirectional EHD generation will be discussed in detail.

We developed a trigger system for the measurement of proton-induced rare hadronic reactions around the beam kinetic energy T p = 400 MeV based on highly segmented trigger scintillation detectors and programmable logic modules. The trigger system was designed to enhance events with the negative-pion production by the difference of the curvatures of the particle tracks in a magnetic field. Since the production cross-section of the negative-pion by the proton-induced reactions was smaller by about 3 orders of magnitude than the total cross-section around the beam energy, we expected large reduction of the trigger rate by the negative-pion selection. The construction of the trigger system was not trivial due to a large detector acceptance that was inevitable to measure the rare reactions. The performance of the trigger system was evaluated by using T p = 430 MeV proton beams. An excellent reduction, more than 2 orders of magnitude reduction, of the background events was achieved.

In this paper, a preliminary result from the latest hypernuclear γ -ray spectroscopy experiment (KEK-E566) is presented together with a short discussion. The experiment was performed at the KEK-PS K6 beam line in 2005. In this experiment, the 12C(π+, K +)12 ΛC reaction was employed to populate 12 ΛC/11 ΛB hypernuclei. A germanium detector array, Hyperball2, was constructed to detect γ -rays emitted from the hypernuclei produced. Three hypernuclear γ -ray peaks were observed and assigned.

This report describes a 5-year-old female cat with lymphangiosarcoma arising within the dermis and subcutis of the caudal mammary region. The mass presented as a large, poorly demarcated and fluctuant swelling with bruising of the overlying skin. Histopathologically, the dermis and subcutis in the affected region were diffusely oedematous, haemorrhagic, and infiltrated by plump spindle cells that formed irregular vascular clefts and cavernous channels. Neoplastic cells were aligned in one or more layers along oedematous collagenous trabeculae. The vascular clefts and channels contained only a few or no erythrocytes. The neoplastic cells had moderate to marked nuclear pleomorphism and prominent nucleoli. Lymphocytes and plasma cells were scattered throughout the neoplasm and the adjacent soft tissues. Immunohistochemical labelling revealed the neoplastic cells to express vimentin, factor VIII-related antigen and the lymphatic endothelial cell marker PROX-1, but the cells did not express cytokeratin. The nuclei of many neoplastic cells expressed the proliferation marker Ki67. These histopathological and immunohistochemical findings confirmed the diagnosis of lymphangiosarcoma. This is the first report describing the usefulness of expression of PROX-1 for differentiating between angiosarcoma of lymphatic and vascular origin in cats.

症例は84歳の女性. 直腸ポリープに対しポリペクトミーを施行し, 病理組織学所見は高分化型腺癌でsm1, ce (+), ly0, v0であったが, 高齢のため経過観察としていた. しかし, 3年目以降大腸スクリーニングは行っていなかった. 約10年後, 便秘, 下血が続き当科受診. 直腸指診で下部直腸に全周性の壁硬化を触知し, 大腸内視鏡検査では表面は顆粒集簇様, 敷石状の粘膜下腫瘍を呈した肛門縁から約15cmにわたる全周性の狭窄をみとめた. 生検ではGroup4であり, 直腸癌Rb, circ, A, N0, M0, cStageIIの診断でマイルズ手術を施行した. 病理組織学所見は粘膜下のリンパ管内病変が主体の高分化腺癌で, 大腸取扱い規約に従うと, RbPRa, circ, type4, 18.0×8.5cm, well, pA, ly3, v0, pN3, M1 (No 216), fStageIVであった. これは, ポリペクトミーの際にリンパ管内に遺残した癌細胞が粘膜下のリンパ管を腸管軸方向に進展し, 広範な敷石状の粘膜下腫瘍の形態を呈したと考えられた.

This is a case report of chylous ascites caused by performing para-aortic lymph node dissection for a patient with cervical cancer. Postoperative chylous ascites is a rare condition that usually develops as a result of operative trauma to the thoracic duct, cisterna chyli, or their major tributaries. It has mainly occurred in thoracic operations, and chylous ascites has rarely been reported in gynecologic surgery. It is associated with serious nutritional and immunologic consequences due to the constant loss of protein and lymphocytes. Treatment that comprises conservative and surgical procedures is selected based on disease severity. We experienced massive chylous ascites after para-aortic surgery and successfully managed it conservatively with dietary intervention and parenteral nutrition.

Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), and leukemic cells always carry the proviral genome monoclonally integrated into their host genomes at the same sequence site, designated as the monoclonal integration. Using Southern blot hybridization (SBH) and sequenced tagged site polymerase chain reaction assays, we examined the proviral status in 558 clinical specimens from 350 patients who are suspected to have ATL. A total of 321 specimens (57.5%) from 241 patients showed positive results for the monoclonal integration according to SBH, using EcoR1 and Pst1. The 241 patients consisted of 136 patients (56.4%) with the complete provirus (C-type), 62 patients (25.7%) with a defective provirus (D-type), and 43 patients (17.8%) with multibands (M-type). The incidence of the D- and M-types were in the order of smoldering, chronic, and acute subtypes of ATL, suggesting that such an aberrant proviral status is generated on the way to multistep carcinogenesis and is subsequently clinically important for the malignant behavior of the disease. Moreover, our data showed that the partial deletion of the proviral genome is initiated first at the site of the gag region and spreads into the sites of the pol and env regions, whereas the long terminal repeats and pX regions are almost always conserved. These results suggest that analysis of the proviral status provides useful diagnostic and virologic-oncological information about ATL and HTLV-1 pathology, especially the important role of pX gene in tumorigenesis.

The present status of hypernuclear gamma-ray spectroscopy with Hyperball is summarized. We observed two gamma transitions of 16-Lambda-O(1- -> 1-,0-) and obtained the strength of the Lambda-N tensor force. In 10B(K-,pi- gamma) data, we did not observe the spin-flip M1 transition of 10-Lambda-B(2- -> 1-), but gamma rays from hyperfragments such as 7-Lambda-Li(7/2+ -> 5/2+) and 9-Lambda-Be(3/2+ ->1/2+) were observed. In 11B(pi+,K+ gamma) data, we observed six gamma transitions of 11_Lambda-B. We also attempted an inclusive gamma-ray measurement with stopped K- beam.

Kaonic nuclei are observed by the ( K − , n ) reaction. The spectra indicate that the kaon nuclear potential is strongly attractive which seems to contradict many theoretical predictions. It suggests that kaon condensation is taking place in the core of neutron stars.

A laboratory simulation experiment was performed to observe the dynamical behavior of the earth’s magnetosphere, based upon the earthward electric field measurement in the magnetotail. The simulation was examined to satisfy the MHD scaling laws. The earthward electric field, Ex , is the signature of the current density based on j × B force in the tail, described by Podgorny (1978). The effect of the solar wind dynamic pressure to the earthward electric field, Ex , was investigated. The solar wind density was changed while the other parameters were kept almost constant. It is found that the Ex is modulated by the change in the solar wind dynamic pressure. The result also shows that the current continued to flow in the near earth region even after the solar wind had stopped. This result shows a similar resemblance to that of the particle confinement in the radiation belt of the real magnetosphere.

A numerical solution of the full set of MHD equations shows the generation of a heliospheric current sheet during the thermal expansion of the corona. Calculations were performed for a compressible plasma taking into account dissipative terms and anisotropy of the thermal conductivity of the magnetized plasma. It is shown that the current sheet is not magnetically neutral. The sheet contains a normal component of the magnetic field, which plays a fundamental role during the formation of the sheet and in the stationary state. The sheet is stable against MHD perturbations, which are apparently carried away by the plasma flow. For the numerical scheme chosen, the minimum sheet thickness is determined by the length of the spatial integration step. The PERESVET code was used for the calculations.

The structure formation of isotactic polypropylene from the uniaxially oriented glass into the smectic mesophase has been studied by small-angle X-ray scattering. Remarkable anisotropy between the directions parallel and perpendicular to the chain axis is found in the development of structure formation. Below −20 °C is observed a structure with density variation having the wave vector, s , perpendicular to the chain axis with a period of 5 to 6 nm. Between −20 and +25 °C, the density variations with s both parallel and perpendicular to the chain axis develop. Above +25 °C, the density variation with s perpendicular to the chain axis develops but disappears eventually, while that parallel to the chain axis keeps on growing.

Postflare loops, which fill by hot plasma from chromospheric sources, are numerically simulated. The PERESVET code is used to solve the system of resistive magnetohydrodynamic equations. The possib...

The BNL-AGS/E929 experiment was carried out to study energy levels of the Λ 13 C hypernucleus by a gamma-ray spectroscopy. Energy splitting of the spin-orbit doublets, 1 2 − and 3 2 − states, was estimated precisely. The excitation energy of the 1st 3 2 + state was also measured. We discuss the symmetric and the anti-symmetric spin-orbit interactions between a Λ particle and a nucleon from the measurement.

We developed a real-time (RT) PCR quantitative assay to measure the level of the integrated viral genome of HTLV-1 in host peripheral blood-mononuclear cells (PB-MNC) from healthy carriers and patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). All of the clinical specimens were serologically and molecularly characterized by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Southern blot hybridization (SBH) analyses. The assay system for quantifying the proviral copy level was sensitive, accurate, and reproducible over a wide range of density from 100 to 0.1% with a coefficient of variation (%) of 4.5 to 9.6. The proviral load of the healthy carriers and patients with ATL was 301 +/- 339 copies per 10(4) MNC (3 +/- 3.4%) on average and varied depending on the ATL cell number and the SBH band-status of single or multiple bands. In ATL cases with multiple bands detected by SBH analysis, their ATL cells were shown to harbor multiple copies within one ATL cell, so that the corrected copy number interpolated by the band number in SBH was closely equivalent to the expected ATL cell number in PB, corresponding to the virus-infected cell burden. The proviral load in healthy carriers ranged from 0.1 to 15% of PB-MNC, and, in combination with the fraction (%) of ATL-like flower cells defined by PB smear morphology, enabled carriers to be subgrouped into three categories. This result indicates that the detection of proviral load by(RT) PCR is sufficient and relevant to monitor the infected cell number in the PB and to evaluate the HTLV-1 pathologic status.

Cross section and analyzing powers of pd → 3 He + γ reaction were measured at Ed = 200 MeV . Low background data were obtained by using a liquid hydrogen target and by detecting 3 He . The cross section and Ay are well reproduced by a Faddeev calculation with a 3-nucleon force included, however, Ayy deviates from the calculation and Axx is completely different from the calculation.