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Amaç: Covid-19 pandemisi kapsamında alınan tedbirler neticesinde 2020 Mart ayı itibariyle diğer tıp fakültelerinde olduğu gibi Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesinde de uzaktan eğitime geçilmiştir. Uzaktan eğitim olarak uygulanan Probleme Dayalı Öğrenim (e-PDÖ) oturumlarına öğrenci ve eğitim yönlendiricilerinin geri bildirimleri değerlendirilmiş ve önceki dönemlerde yapılan yüz yüze PDÖ oturumları ile ilgili görüşlerinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştırYöntem: Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesinde yılda toplam üç kez uygulanan PDÖ Mart 2020 tarihinden itibaren uzaktan eğitime geçilmesi ile Microsoft Teams üzerinden e-PDÖ olarak yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Yüz yüze eğitimde ve uzaktan eğitimde küçük gruplar halinde ve eğitim yönlendiricisi eşliğinde yapılan PDÖ oturumları geri bildirimler ile değerlendirilmiştir. 273’ü yüz yüze, 183’ü ise uzaktan eğitim almış olan öğrencilerin ve 27’si yüz yüze, 33’ü ise uzaktan eğitime katılmış olan eğitim yönlendiricilerinin geri bildirimleri değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: Yüz yüze ve e-PDÖ oturumlarında öğrenciler en yüksek puanı grup tartışmasının kendilerine sağladığı katkı durumuna vermişlerdir (4.27±0.88, 4.85±0,59). Aynı soruya eğitimcilerin verdiği puan ortalaması, yüz yüze eğitimde öğrencilerle benzer düzeyde (4.90±0.31) iken, e-PDÖ de istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde düşüktür (3,92±1,00, p>0.05). Açık uçlu değerlendirmelerde öğrenciler yüz yüze ve e-PDÖ oturumları sırasında; öğretim üyesinin yönlendirmesi iyi, teşvik edici olduğunu, düşünmeye ve araştırmaya yönlendirdiğini, teorik derslere göre daha öğretici ve klinik bir konuyu tartışarak, derinlemesine araştırmaya yönlendirmesi ile bilinçli öğrenme sağladığını, doğru ve detaylı araştırma, tartışma yapmayı öğrendiklerini ve daha fazla sayıda oturum istediklerini ifade etmişlerdir.Sonuç: Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’nde pandemi koşullarına göre yeniden düzenlenmiş olan eğitimde, fakülte yönetiminin sağladığı teknik destekle uygulanan e-PDÖ oturumları, öğrenciler ve eğitim yönlendiricileri tarafından olumlu karşılanmıştır. Ancak yine alınan geri bildirimlerden, uzaktan eğitimin yüz yüze eğitimin yerini tam karşılamadığı da vurgulanmıştır., Aim: As a result of the measures taken within the scope of the Covid-19 pandemic, distance education has been started at Manisa Celal Bayar University as well as in other medical schools as of March 2020. The feedback of students and tutors was evaluated in the Problem-Based Learning sessions implemented as distance education (e-PBL) and it was aimed to compare their views on face-to-face PBL sessions held in previous periods. Methods: As of March 2020, the PBL, which is applied three times a year in Manisa Celal Bayar University Medical Faculty, has started to be done as e-PBL through Microsoft Teams with the introduction of distance education. PBL sessions in small groups in face-to-face training and distance education and accompanied by a tutor were evaluated with feedback. The feedback of the students, 273 PBL and 183 e-PBL received distance education, and 27 PBL and 33 e-PBL tutors were evaluated.Results: In face-to-face and e-PBL sessions, students scored the highest score in the contribution of group discussion (4.27±0.88, 4.85±0.59). The average score given by tutors to the same question is similar to that of students in face-to-face education (4.90±0.31), while e-PBL is statistically significantly lower (3±92>1.00, p>0.05). In open-ended assessments, students are present in person and during e-PBL sessions; they stated that the guidance of the faculty member is good, encouraging, directs to thinking and research, provides informed learning by discussing a more instructive and clinical subject than theoretical courses, directs them to in-depth research, learns to do accurate and detailed research, discussion and wants more sessions. Conclusions: In the education, which was revised according to the pandemic conditions at Manisa Celal Bayar University Medical Faculty, the e-PBL sessions implemented with the technical support provided by the faculty management were welcomed by the students and educational routers. However, from the feedback received, it is also emphasized that distance education does not fully meet the location of face-to-face education.

Amaç: Covid-19 pandemisi kapsamında alınan tedbirler neticesinde 2020 Mart ayı itibariyle diğer tıp fakültelerinde olduğu gibi Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesinde de uzaktan eğitime geçilmiştir. Uzaktan eğitim olarak uygulanan Probleme Dayalı Öğrenim (e-PDÖ) oturumlarına öğrenci ve eğitim yönlendiricilerinin geri bildirimleri değerlendirilmiş ve önceki dönemlerde yapılan yüz yüze PDÖ oturumları ile ilgili görüşlerinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştırYöntem: Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesinde yılda toplam üç kez uygulanan PDÖ Mart 2020 tarihinden itibaren uzaktan eğitime geçilmesi ile Microsoft Teams üzerinden e-PDÖ olarak yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Yüz yüze eğitimde ve uzaktan eğitimde küçük gruplar halinde ve eğitim yönlendiricisi eşliğinde yapılan PDÖ oturumları geri bildirimler ile değerlendirilmiştir. 273’ü yüz yüze, 183’ü ise uzaktan eğitim almış olan öğrencilerin ve 27’si yüz yüze, 33’ü ise uzaktan eğitime katılmış olan eğitim yönlendiricilerinin geri bildirimleri değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: Yüz yüze ve e-PDÖ oturumlarında öğrenciler en yüksek puanı grup tartışmasının kendilerine sağladığı katkı durumuna vermişlerdir (4.27±0.88, 4.85±0,59). Aynı soruya eğitimcilerin verdiği puan ortalaması, yüz yüze eğitimde öğrencilerle benzer düzeyde (4.90±0.31) iken, e-PDÖ de istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde düşüktür (3,92±1,00, p>0.05). Açık uçlu değerlendirmelerde öğrenciler yüz yüze ve e-PDÖ oturumları sırasında; öğretim üyesinin yönlendirmesi iyi, teşvik edici olduğunu, düşünmeye ve araştırmaya yönlendirdiğini, teorik derslere göre daha öğretici ve klinik bir konuyu tartışarak, derinlemesine araştırmaya yönlendirmesi ile bilinçli öğrenme sağladığını, doğru ve detaylı araştırma, tartışma yapmayı öğrendiklerini ve daha fazla sayıda oturum istediklerini ifade etmişlerdir.Sonuç: Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’nde pandemi koşullarına göre yeniden düzenlenmiş olan eğitimde, fakülte yönetiminin sağladığı teknik destekle uygulanan e-PDÖ oturumları, öğrenciler ve eğitim yönlendiricileri tarafından olumlu karşılanmıştır. Ancak yine alınan geri bildirimlerden, uzaktan eğitimin yüz yüze eğitimin yerini tam karşılamadığı da vurgulanmıştır.

Objective: Genital tract infections are a common health problem in developed and developing countries This study was conducted to examine genital tract infections in women who admitted to an obstetrician outpatient clinic for genital discharge.Materials and Methods: This descriptive study involved a total of 507 volunteered female patients who admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital due to vaginal discharge. The discharge samples of the patients were analysed using the Affirm VPIII kit. Fisher Exact test and chi-square test was used.Results: 9,5% of the women included in the study were between 15-49 years old. Among these, 213 (42%) were infectious agents (Gardrenella vaginalis 31,4%, Candida albicans., 13,6%, Trichomonas vaginalis 2,0%). There was no significant difference between the infection factor according to the place where women live, education, work and marital status. The infection rate was higher in those who did not have a formal marriage and who had a genitally transmitted disease at their partner. About 67,1% described proper genital area cleaning method while 86,2% used drying after washing. Those with habit of hand washing before going to toilette had lower rate of infection (p=0,038).Conclusion: Genital tract infections were found in approximately half of the women who admitted to the hospital due to discharge. Genital tract infections are a group of diseases that can be prevented by simple methods or can be eliminated with appropriate treatment approaches on time, and priority should be given to training programs in primary and secondary health care institutions, Amaç: Genital yol enfeksiyonları, gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde sık görülen önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Bu çalışma bir kadın doğum hastanesi polikliniklerine genital akıntı nedeni ile başvuran kadınlarda sık görülen genital yol enfeksiyonlarını incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte olan bu çalışma; Elazığ Sara Hatun Kadın Doğum Hastanesi polikliniklerine genital akıntı nedeni ile başvuran ve çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 507 kadın ile yapılmıştır. Hastaların akıntı örnekleri, laboratuarda Affirm VPIII kiti kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Bilgisayarda SPSS programına kaydedilmiş, istatistiksel analizler X² (ki kare) testi ve Fisher’s Exact test kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan kadınların %92,5’i 15-49 yaş aralığındadır. Bu kadınların %42,0’sinde yapılan laboratuar çalışmasında G. vaginalis, Candida albicans ve T. vaginalis’den en az bir tanesi pozitif bulunmuştur. Birinci sırada G.vaginalis, ikinci sırada Candida albicans, üçüncü sırada ise T. Vaginalis enfeksiyon etkeni görülmüştür. Kadınların yaşadıkları yer, eğitim, çalışma ve medeni durumlarına göre enfeksiyon etkeni arasında anlamlılık bulunmamıştır. Evlilik bağında resmi nikahı olmayanlarda ve eşinde genital yol ile bulaşan bir hastalığı olanlarda enfeksiyon oran daha yüksek bulunmuştur. (p

Purpose Spirituality contributes to the health and well-being of individuals. This study investigates the factors that predict the spirituality perceptions and the effect of death anxiety of nurses. Design and methods This was a cross-sectional study, 382 nurses working in four public hospitals intensive care and emergency departments setting in two different cities in Turkey. Findings Variables predicting the total and subscale scores of the Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale of nurses were determined by linear multiple regression analysis. Except for the religiousness subscale, the satisfaction level of nurses was found to be a significant predictor in total of Spirituality and Spiritual Care Scale. Practice implications Nurses working in high-risk units are unclear about their perception of spirituality and spiritual care.

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Tıp fakültesi hastanesinde çalışan intörn hekimlerin “hemşirelik” mesleğini nasıl algılandığını belirlemektir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada nitel bir yaklaşım kullanılmıştır. Araştırma, kelime ilişkilendirme testi kullanılarak, tıp fakültesinde intörn hekimler ile yürütülmüş ve hemşirelik mesleğinin kavramsal analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışma katılımcıları çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılan 54 intörn hekimden (30 erkek ve 24 kadın) oluşmuş ve veri saturasyonu ile örneklem büyüklüğü belirlenmiştir (n = 54)..Bulgular: Temaların etiketleri ve sıklık sayıları şu şekildedir: görev çatışması (f = 62), negatif algı yükü (f = 128) ve profesyonel hemşirelik algısı (f = 117). Katılımcılar, hemşirelerin bazen hekim gibi davrandıklarını (meslek hastalıkları) belirtti. Hemşirelikle ilgili profesyonel kimlik öğeleri, özgecilik, bağlılık ve fedakarlık gibi ifadeleri içeriyordu. Katılımcılar olumsuz bir hemşirelik algısı (örneğin, somurtkanlık ve saldırganlık) dile getirdiler.Sonuç: Çalışma sonuçlarına göre, intörn hekimler arasında hemşirelik ile ilgili olumsuz algı hakimdir. Profesyoneller arası ilişkileri değiştirme noktasında, lisans düzeyinde meslekler arası öğrenme uygulanabilir. Hekim-hemşire işbirliği adı altında ortak dersler yürütülmelidir. Bununla birlikte, klinik uygulamada bazı soruların yanıtları hekim ve hemşireler arasında profesyonel işbirliğini geliştirmeye yardımcı olabilir: Neden olumsuz algıyı olumlu bir düşünceye çeviremiyoruz? ve bu süreçte meslekler arası öğrenmenin yardımı olabilir mi?, Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine how the concept of ‘nursing’ was perceived by intern doctors working at a medical faculty hospital. Materials and Methods: This study used a qualitative approach. The study was conducted at a medical faculty with intern doctors using the word association test, and a conceptual analysis of the nursing profession was conducted. Study participants comprised 54 intern doctors (30 males and 24 females) who voluntarily participated in the study, and the saturation point was considered (n=54).Results: Tags and frequency numbers of the themes were as follows: task conflict (f=62), negative perception burden (f=128) and professional nursing perception (f=117). The participants stated that nurses sometimes acted as physicians (occupational disorder). Nursing-related professional identity items included expressions such as altruism, devotion and self-sacrifice. The participants expressed a negative perception of nursing (e.g. sullenness and aggressiveness).Conclusion: According to the results of the study, negative perception about nursing is dominant among the intern doctors. At the point of changing relations between colleagues, interprofessional education can be applied at the undergraduate level. Joint courses should be conducted under the name of doctor-nurse cooperation. However, the answers to some questions in clinical practice can help improve professional cooperation between nurses and physicians: Why cannot we turn negative perception into a positive one? And can interprofessional learning help?

Background: Population aging is a global phenomenon with opportunities and challenges. The numbers and proportions of older people are increasing in almost every country. This study aimed to evaluate the perceptions of nursing homes among final-year medical students. Methods: This qualitative study used the word association test as a data collection tool to obtain the reflections regarding nursing homes among final-year students, and the concept of “nursing homes” was defined in face-to-face interviews of the volunteer students. Results: Analysis of data collected from 51 students regarding nursing homes resulted in five main categories (old age [frequency, f=74], positive affect emotions [f=66], negative affect emotions [f=165], loneliness [f=75], and abandonment [f=46]) based on the reflections that the term “nursing home” evoked among the students. In the present study, the final-year students primarily used more negative expressions. Conclusion: Qualitative studies with students, such as those included in the present study, can provide important clues for the development of educational curriculum and social health policies. © 2019 by The Korean Geriatrics Society.

Introduction The aim of this study was to assess psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Dementia Attitudes Scale which is developed to determine attitudes towards dementia. Methods 326 volunteered students between the age of 20-44 years, studying in Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Health Sciences are included in this methodological study. Data of the study were collected with "Demographic Data Form", "Dementia Attitudes Scale" and "UCLA-Geriatrics Attitudes Scale". For the analysis of the data, the SPSS and Lisrel software were used. Results The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the Dementia Attitudes Scale is 0.84 which is quite high. Confirmatory factor analysis has supported three factor-structure of the scale: "Supporting attitude", "Accepting attitude" and "Exclusionary attitude". Confirmatory factor analysis revealed goodness of fit coefficients as 0.076 for RMSEA, 2.86 for the chi-square/sd, and 0.93 for CFI. The analysis showed that the adapted scale fits the model very well. The scale can discriminate between demographic characteristics and attitudes to dementia. The scale significantly correlates with UCLA-Geriatric Attitudes Scale measuring attitude towards the elderly. Conclusion Dementia Attitude Scale is a valid and reliable scale that can be used in studies evaluating the attitude towards dementia.

Objective: Tobacco use is the most important public health concern worldwide, particularly in developing countries. It is estimated that 1.7 billion people worldwide will be smokers by 2025 if any intervention do not made. Turkey took an important step in the fight against smoking with the introduction of the project ‘smokeless airspace’ in May 2009. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of smoking and characteristics of smokers among undergraduates attending Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. Methods: This cross-sectional study was realized among Manisa Celal Bayar University students between March 2015 and June 2015. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain sociodemographic data and determine smoking behaviour and nicotine dependence among university students. Descriptive statistical analyses were used to measure the prevalence of smoking and determine correlations between dependent and independent variables. Chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables Results: Of the 2170 respondents, 518 (23.9%) were current smokers, comprising 312 (60.2%) males and 206 (39.8%) females. Cigarette smoking was significantly associated with having friends who smoked, male gender, and parental smoking. Based on the Fagerstrom Tolerance Test, 8.9% of the students were identified as being addicts. According to Fagerström Tolerance of Nicotine Dependence. 193 out of 518 (37.2%) students were reported as nicotine dependent. Conclusion: Deleterious effects of smoking on human health should be incessantly emphasized in the university curriculum, policies of ‘smokeless airspace, should be supported by stronger, and more effective programs in order to encourage university students to quit smoking. Amaç: Tütün kullanımı, özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde dünyadaki en önemli halk sağlığı olarak kabul edilmektedir. Herhangi bir müdahale yapılmazsa, 2025 yılına kadar dünyadaki 1,7 milyar insanın sigara içeceği sanılmaktadır. Türkiye, Mayıs 2009’da “dumansız hava sahası” projesinin başlatılmasıyla sigara içilmesine karşı mücadelede önemli bir adım attı. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Celal Bayar Üniversitesi, Manisa, Türkiye’ye gelen lisans öğrencileri arasında sigara içme prevalansını ve sigara içenlerin özelliklerini değerlendirmektir. Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki bu araştırma Mart 2015 - Haziran 2015 tarihleri arasında Manisa, Celal Bayar Üniversitesi öğrencileri arasında gerçekleştirildi. Sosyodemografik veriler ile üniversite öğrencileri arasında sigara içme davranışını ve nikotin bağımlılığını belirlemek için anket kullanıldı. Bağımlı ve bağımsız değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri belirlemek için tanımlayıcı istatistikler kullanıldı. Kategorik değişkenleri karşılaştırmak için ki-kare testi uygulandı. Bulgular: Ankete katılan 2170 katılımcının 518’i (%23,9) [312 (%60,2) erkek, 206 (%39,8) kadın] mevcut sigara içiciydi. Sigara içimi erkek cinsiyet, anne-babanın ve arkadaşların sigara içme durumları ile anlamlı şekilde ilişkiliydi. Fagerstrom Tolerans Testine dayanarak, öğrencilerin %8,9’u bağımlı olarak tanımlandı. Fagerström Nikotin Bağımlılığı Toleransına göre sigara içen 518 öğrencinin 193’ü (%37,2) nikotin bağımlısı olarak rapor edilmiştir. Sonuç: Yasal düzenlemelerin yanı sıra üniversite öğrencileri arasında sigarayı önlemeyi teşvik etmek için sigaranın insan sağlığı üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerinin eğitim müfredatında sürekli olarak işlenmesi ve “dumansız hava sahası” gibi sigara içiciliğini azaltmaya yönelik politikaların daha güçlü ve etkili programlar ile desteklenmesi gerekmektedir.

Objective: The purpose of the study is to determine work-related tension, using the methods of overcoming the stress and the affecting factors in emergency staff Material and Methods: The universe of the study in descriptive type is consisted of health team members in institutions rendering emergency health service belong to public sector in Turkey. Turkey was divided into 4 clusters (east, west, south and north) by taking the geographical settlement areas into consideration and a province was selected from each cluster in random. The number of people within the scope of the research is 769 and 560 people was reached (response rate is 72.82%). Approval of ethical committee and written permissions were acquired from the related institutions before the research. There are questions including the demographic characteristics of the participants and their opinions on the job in first section of the form in which data were gathered, and “Work-Related Tension Scale-WRTS” in the second section, and “Overcoming the Stress Scale-OSS” in the third section. The data were recorded in statistical program. The averages were given with standard deviations and p

Background To investigate the prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in the urban and rural areas of the Elazig Region of Turkey. Methods A questionnaire was conducted and spirometric measurements were made, based on the BOLD protocol. A total of 1270 individuals, over 18 years of age, were included in the study, comprising 610 individuals from the city center and 660 from the rural area. The questionnaire included demographics, symptoms and possible risk factors. The description and staging of COPD were in accordance with GOLD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease). Results Of the 1270 cases, 1206 (94.9%) were able to complete the questionnaire and undergo spirometric analysis. Of these 1206 cases, 1188 (98.5%) were used in the final assessment; the remainder were excluded due to errors in the spirometric analysis. Of the cases included in the study, 43.2% (25.9% female; 56.7% male) were current smokers. The prevalence of COPD at ≥ 18 years old was 4.5% (female 2.5%; male 6%); the prevalence at ≥ 45 years old was 11.5% (female 5.9%; male 15.1%). The majority of the COPD cases were at stages I and II (22.6% and 66%, respectively). The prevalence of COPD was higher among current and former smokers (5.8%) than non-smokers (2.8%). In general, the risk factors for COPD were found to be age, male gender, smoking, living in a rural area, and low income. Conclusions The prevalence of COPD in Elazig, Turkey was highest among the elderly and smokers, and constituted primarily stages I and II of the disease.

Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and determine risk factors for its development in women living in eastern Turkey. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 2275 women aged between 17 and 80 years. A questionnaire examining demographic characteristics, parity and pelvic organ prolapse was given. Presence and types of incontinence were examined using a validated form of the Turkish version of the urogenital distress inventory questionnaire-short form (UDI-6). Results: A total of 1054 (46.3%) women reported involuntary loss of urine. Stress UI was present in 46% of women, whereas urge UI was detected in 43% of them. Mean age of patients with and without UI were 44.57 + 11.04 and 35.04 + 9.51, respectively. Age, total number of pregnancies and number of deliveries were shown to be significantly different in patients with and without any type of UI. Multiple logistic regression analysis of the factors revealed that age, total delivery number, pelvic organ prolapse and difficult labor were significantly associated with the presence of UI. Conclusions: This is the first study examining the prevalence of UI in women living in eastern Turkey. By using a validated questionnaire, several risk factors for the development of UI were determined. Pelvic organ prolapse and increased number of births were found to be two most significant ones.

Giriş: Sağlık çalışanları toplam nüfus içinde yaşlı popülasyon oranının giderek artmasından kaynaklanacak demografik değişikliklerin doğuracağı değişim ve gelişmelere hazırlıklı olmalıdır. Biz bu çalışmada Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi öğrencilerinin yaşlılığa karşı genel tutumlarının belirlenmesi ve tıp eğitimi sürecinde tutum konusunda sınışar arasındaki farklılıkları tespit etmeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma, Ekim-Aralık 2014 tarihleri arasında Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesinde okumakta olan 406 öğrenci üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Verilerin toplanmasında kullanılan anket formu üçbölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde öğrencilerinin sosyodemografik özellikleri sorulmuş, ikinci bölümde KOGAN Yaşlılara Karşı Tutum Ölçeği Türkçe formu ve üçüncü bölümde UCLA Geriatrik Tutum Ölçeği Türkçe formu kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaşaralığı18-27 olup (ortalama yaş=21.04), %60.8'i kız, %91.4'ünün ise çekirdek aile yapısına sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Sınışara göre UCLA toplam puanları değerlendirildiğinde 1. sınıf öğrencilerinin ortalama puanlarının diğer sınışara göre daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. UCLA'ya göre yaşlılara karşı tutumda kadınlarda erkeklere göre anlamlı pozitif tutum saptanmıştır. KOGAN da ise cinsiyet açısından yaşlılara yönelik tutumda herhangi anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır. Sonuç: Çalışmada öğrencilerin yaşlılara karşı tutumlarının sınıf ilerledikçe biraz daha olumsuz yönde değiştiği söylenebilir. Ayrıca kız öğrencilerin tutumlarının da daha olumlu olduğu görülmektedir. Normal bireylere nazaran görece incinebilir yapıda olan yaşlı popülasyonun sağlık personelinden beklentileri göz önüne alındığında, hekim sorumluluğunun da artmış olacağı öngörülmek durumundadır. Introduction: Health workers must be prepared for the changes and developments due tothe ever-increasing proportion of elderly individuals within the general population. This study aimed to identify the general attitudes of students of the Faculty of Medicine of Celal Bayar University (CBU) toward senility and evaluate differences in the attitudes of students at different stages of medical education. Materials and Method: This study was conducted between October and December 2014and included a total of 406 students attending the Faculty of Medicine of the CBU. A questionnaire form composed of three sections was used to collect data. Results: The age range of study participants was 18-27 years (average age, 21.04 years),60.8% were females, and 91.4% had a nuclear family structure. When assessing overall UCLAscores according to the stage of medical education, the average scores of first-year students were found to be higher than other year groups. The results of the UCLA questionnaire demonstrated significantly higher overall scores concerning attitudes toward older persons in female students compared with male students. No significant differences in KOGAN questionnaire scoresconcerning attitudes toward older people were observed between male and female students.Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicate that attitudes toward the elderly change negatively as students progress through medical education. In addition, female students hadmore positive attitudes toward elderly patients than male students. Considering the expectationsfrom the healthcare providers of the elderly population, who are more fragile compared to normal individuals, it should be envisaged that the responsibilities of physicians have increased.

Objective To determine the bothersomeness and effect on quality of life (QOL) of different types of urinary incontinence (UI) in married women living in eastern Turkey. Materials and Methods A total of 1049 married women was evaluated in the present population-based, cross-sectional study. QOL was assessed using a validated form of the Turkish version of the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire Short Form. The effects of UI subtype on the overall QOL score and on the individual domain scores were determined. The relationship between several demographic characteristics such as age, weight, education level, number of pregnancies, number of live deliveries, and presence of pelvic organ prolapse and the QOL changes was examined. Results The mean age of the women was 44.62 ± 11.01 years (range 17-80). Of the women with UI, 76.2% stated that the UI had a negative effect on their QOL. Women with mixed UI and severe UI had the worst QOL scores. The QOL changes for the different domains revealed that entertainment activities were affected least, and emotional health and feelings of frustration were the 2 domains that showed the most significant deterioration. Furthermore, older and unemployed women, housewives, women living in urban areas, and women with multiple births, difficult labor, and increased weight experienced significant negative effects on their QOL. Conclusion Our results have shown that, regardless of different factors, UI has significant negative effects on QOL. The presented data emphasize the importance of the high prevalence of UI in our region and its negative effects on QOL. Thus, additional policies are needed for the prevention of the negative effects of UI.

Obesity and overweight are a significant public health problem that affects the quality of life of the individuals concerned. We studied the prevalence and related risk factors for obesity among academics. This descriptive cross-sectional study sampled 499 academic staff at Elazig Firat University, Turkey. Height, weight and blood pressure values were obtained and a descriptive survey was conducted. The age range of the participants was 22 to 65 years, with a mean age 36.5 +/- 8.1 years. The group had 29% women, and 71% men; 80% were married. The mean BMI of the participants was 24.6 +/- 3.1 kg/m2. Their mean systolic blood pressure was 117.0 +/- 12.1 mmHg and mean diastolic blood pressure was 73.1 +/- 8.0 mmHg. The overall prevalence of obesity was 7.0%; 2.1% in women and 9.0% in men. The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was 45.9%. Nearly half the participants were either obese or overweight. A correlation was identified between overweight/obesity and sex, marital status, academic staff, physical activity, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Although the study did not include all academics, the results reveal the need to evaluate the health impact of obesity in academics.

Background and Aim: Although rectal bleeding is a common gastrointestinal symptom, there are very few community-based studies, and all of these studies were conducted in the West. So far the epidemiologic characteristics of rectal bleeding have not been defined in an Asian country. We aimed to characterize self-reported rectal bleeding and its association with functional bowel disorders in Turkey. Factors affecting healthcare-seeking behavior were reviewed as well. Subjects and Methods: In this study, 760 subjects were chosen randomly. Questionnaires were completed by nurses during face-to-face interviews with each participant. Results: Of the 707 (93%) subjects included in this study, 9.5% had functional dyspepsia, 8.6% had irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), 24.5% had functional constipation, and 13.8% had functional abdominal bloating. The prevalence of rectal bleeding in the previous year was 14.7%. The recent onset of rectal bleeding was 2.7%. Rectal bleeding was more common among subjects younger than 45 years. Subjects who had functional constipation or constipation-dominant IBS reported rectal bleeding more frequently than others. The rate of consultation was only 41.3% among the subjects with rectal bleeding. Subjects aged ≧45 years and who had marked bleeding or bleeding more than twice a day or fear of cancer sought healthcare more frequently than others. Conclusion: Rectal bleeding is as common a symptom in Turkey as in Western countries. Advanced age and fear of cancer were independent predictors of consultation behavior in this group.

Current healthconcept envisages an understanding of health-centredcarethatprotects,maintainsandimprovesthe health of an individual, a family and a society,based on an individual’s acquisition of behavioursthat will protect, maintain and improve his/herwell-being and enable him/her to make decisionsabout his/her own health.

Objective Presentation of a device used by three elderly women with prolapse in eastern part of Turkey. Method Information about device is obtained by face to face interview technique. Microbiologic examination of the device and vaginal cultures were performed. Results Three women with genital polapse using an ancient device were found incidentally and information about device, their knowledge about genital prolapse, and solutions were obtained. Conclusion By the help of related media and women health organizations the women especially who live in rural area should be educated about reproductive health care and if necessary health policies revisions should be considered.