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1. Multiscale Structure of Starches Grafted with Hydrophobic Groups: A New Analytical Strategy

Author

Marion Collinet-Fressancourt, Sébastien Tilloy, A. Mazzah, Chloé Volant, Claude Quettier, Nicolas Descamps, Alexandre Gilet, Xavier Falourd, Vincent Wiatz, Fatima Beddiaf, Eric Monflier, Agnès Rolland-Sabaté, Hervé Bricout, Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse, l’Analyse et la Protéomique - USR 3290 (MSAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide - UMR 8181 (UCCS), Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille, Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Recyclage et risque (UPR Recyclage et risque), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Université de Montpellier (UM), Roquette Frères, UCCS Équipe Catalyse Supramoléculaire, Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse, l’Analyse et la Protéomique - UAR 3290 (MSAP), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille, CNRS, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, Centrale Lille, Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse, l’Analyse et la Protéomique - UAR 3290 [MSAP], Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide - UMR 8181 [UCCS], Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages [BIA], Université de Montpellier [UM], Recyclage et risque [UPR Recyclage et risque], Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS) - UMR 8181, and Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale [SQPOV]

Subjects
macromolecular characteristics, Materials science, Starch, Multiangle light scattering, Pharmaceutical Science, 02 engineering and technology, Article, Analytical Chemistry, lcsh:QD241-441, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, lcsh:Organic chemistry, Amylose, Drug Discovery, Molecule, chemical composition, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, surface characterization, etherified starch, acetylated starch, chemistry.chemical_classification, Aqueous solution, Molar mass, Molecular Structure, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Polymer, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 040401 food science, Characterization (materials science), Molecular Weight, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Chemistry (miscellaneous), Molecular Medicine, 0210 nano-technology, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
Abstract

Starch, an abundant and low-cost plant-based glucopolymer, has great potential to replace carbon-based polymers in various materials. In order to optimize its functional properties for bioplastics applications chemical groups need to be introduced on the free hydroxyl groups in a controlled manner, so an understanding of the resulting structure-properties relationships is therefore essential. The purpose of this work was to study the multiscale structure of highly-acetylated (degree of substitution, 0.4 &lt, DS &le, 3) and etherified starches by using an original combination of experimental strategies and methodologies. The molecular structure and substituents repartition were investigated by developing new sample preparation strategies for specific analysis including Asymmetrical Flow Field Flow Fractionation associated with Multiangle Laser Light Scattering, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Raman and Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass spectroscopies. Molar mass decrease and specific ways of chain breakage due to modification were pointed out and are correlated to the amylose content. The amorphous structuration was revealed by solid-state NMR. This original broad analytical approach allowed for the first time a large characterization of highly-acetylated starches insoluble in aqueous solvents. This strategy, then applied to characterize etherified starches, opens the way to correlate the structure to the properties of such insoluble starch-based materials.

Published
2020
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2. Carotenoids: Experimental Ionization Energies and Capacity at Inhibiting Lipid Peroxidation in a Chemical Model of Dietary Oxidative Stress

Author

Alexandre Giuliani, Olivier Dangles, Catherine Caris-Veyrat, Michel Carail, Denis Duflot, Pascale Goupy, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), U1008, INRA, Physico-Chimie Moléculaire Théorique (PCMT), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale ( SQPOV ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ), Synchrotron SOLEIL, Physico-Chimie Moléculaire Théorique ( PCMT ), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 ( PhLAM ), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Antioxidant, Ultraviolet Rays, Linoleic acid, medicine.medical_treatment, Heme, Xanthophylls, Mass spectrometry, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Mass Spectrometry, Lipid peroxidation, Linoleic Acid, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Materials Chemistry, medicine, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Carotenoid, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, chemistry.chemical_classification, Ions, Chromatography, 010401 analytical chemistry, food and beverages, beta Carotene, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], 030104 developmental biology, Atmospheric Pressure, chemistry, Models, Chemical, Xanthophyll, [ CHIM.THEO ] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, Quantum Theory, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], Lipid Peroxidation, Metmyoglobin, Oxidative stress
Abstract

International audience; Carotenoids are important natural pigments and micronutrients contributing to health prevention by several mechanisms, including their electron-donating (antioxidant) activity. In this work, a large series of carotenoids, including 11 carotenes and 14 xanthophylls, have been investigated by wavelength-resolved atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry (DISCO line of SOLEIL synchrotron), thus allowing the experimental determination of their ionization energy (IE) for the first time. On the other hand, the carotenoids have been also investigated for their ability to inhibit the heme iron-induced peroxidation of linoleic acid in mildly acidic micelles, a simple but relevant chemical model of oxidative stress in the gastric compartment. Thus, the carotenoids can be easily classified from IC50 concentrations deduced from the time dependence of the lipid hydroperoxide concentration. With a selection of two carotenes and three xanthophylls a quantitative analysis is also provided to extract stoichio-kinetic parameters. The influence of the carotenoid structure (number of conjugated carbon−carbon double bonds, presence of terminal six-membered rings, hydroxyl, keto, and/or epoxy groups) on the IE, IC50, and stoichio-kinetic parameters is discussed in details. The data show that the antioxidant activity of carotenes is well correlated to their electron-donating capacity, which itself largely depends on the length of the conjugated polyene chain. By contrast, the IE of xanthophylls is poorly correlated to the polyene chain length because of the strong, and sometimes unexpected, electronic effects of the O-atoms. Although IE remains an approximate predictor of the antioxidant activity of xanthophylls, other factors (interaction with the aqueous phase, competing radical-scavenging mechanisms, the residual activity of the antioxidant’s oxidation products) probably play a significant role.

Published
2018
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3. Characterisation of phenolic compounds and polysaccharides in Strawberry: Harvest effects and their correlation with colour stability

Author

Rincon-Berbeo, Jhoan-Sebastian, Goupy, Pascale, Dangles, Olivier, Dufour, Claire, Le Bourvellec, Carine, Santé de la vigne et qualité du vin (SVQV), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Avignon Université (AU), and European Project: ITN-ETN956257,HiStabJuice

Subjects
[SCCO]Cognitive science
Abstract

International audience

Published
2023

4. TIme dynamics and redox homestatis in Bacillus cereus : role of the oxidation and reduction of the methionine residues

Author

Madeira, Jean-Paul, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université d'Avignon, Catherine Duport, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale ( SQPOV ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ), STAR, ABES, and Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Methionine sulfoxide reductase, Protéomique, Bacillus cereus, Homéostasie redox, Oxidation of methionines, Proteomic, Oxydation des méthionines, Sulfoxyde reductase, [ SDV.SA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Redox homeostasis
Abstract

Bacillus cereus is a Gram-positive aerobic or facultative anaerobic worldwide-distributed bacterium. In addition, B. cereus is a human pathogen able to produce a range of extracellular enzymes and toxins playing a major role in the virulence of the bacteria. In presence of oxygen, B. cereus performs respiration. Without oxygen or other electron acceptors, it performs mixed-acid fermentation. Under aerobiosis, the respiratory electron transport chain is a major source of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS). Under anaerobiosis, endogenous ROS are generated in response to reductive stress (mainly under high-reductive anaerobiosis) and to starvation (nutrient stress), i.e. in response to secondary oxidative stresses. Methionine residues (Met) of proteins are vulnerable to oxidation by free radicals. Oxidation of Met leads to the formation of methionine sulfoxide (Met (O)), a stable by-product detectable by mass spectrometry (MS). Met(O) can be reduced back to Met by the action of methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr). To determine the role of oxidation of Met residues, B. cereus exoproteome time courses were monitored by MS under low oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) anaerobiosis (initial ORP = +140 mV and pO2 = 0%), high-ORP anaerobiosis (iORP = -350 mV and pO2 = 0%), and aerobiosis (pO2 = 100%). The results indicated that toxin-related proteins were the most representative of the exoproteome changes, both in terms of protein abundance and their Met(O) content in the presence and in the absence of oxygen. The analysis results suggest that (i) the abundance of toxins and their oxidized methionines rates reflect the cellular oxidation level and (ii) the secretion of toxins during growth helps to maintain redox homeostasis by keeping endogenous ROS at bay, during the exponential growth phase under aerobic conditions and at the end of growth under anaerobiosis. To support our hypothesis that Met residues of extracellular proteins, particulars of toxins are components of the cellular machinery antioxidant, we constructed a mutant strain by deleting the gene of MsrAB and compare the cellular proteome and exoproteome of this mutant strain with the wild-type strain under aerobiosis and high-ORP anaerobiosis. This study highlighted the involvement of MsrAB but also pBClin15 plasmid in the secretion of toxins and maintain of the intracellular redox homeostasis., Bacillus cereus est une bactérie aéro-anaérobie facultative à Gram positif ubiquiste pouvant s’adapter à de nombreux environnements et s’y développer. C’est un agent pathogène de l’homme capable de produire tout un éventail de protéines extracellulaires et de toxines jouant un rôle majeur dans la pathogénicité de ce micro-organisme. B. cereus croit suivant un métabolisme de type respiratoire en aérobiose et fermentaire en anaérobiose en l’absence d’accepteur final d’électrons. En aérobiose, la chaine respiratoire est une source majeure des dérivés réactifs de l'oxygène (ROS) endogènes. En anaérobiose, les ROS endogènes sont générés en réponse au stress oxydant secondaire au stress nutritionnel et au stress réducteur, lorsque les cultures sont réalisées à bas potentiel d’oxydo-réduction (POR). Les résidus méthionines (Met) sont particulièrement sensibles à l’oxydation par les ROS. L’oxydation des Met conduit à la formation de méthionine sulfoxyde (Met(O)), un dérivé oxydé stable détectable par spectrométrie de masse (MS). L'oxydation des résidus Met est réversible : leur réduction est catalysée par des méthionines sulfoxyde réductases (Msr). Pour déterminer le rôle de l’oxydation des résidus Met, nous avons réalisé une étude exhaustive par MS de la dynamique de l’exoprotéome de la souche ATCC 14579 (pBClin 15) de B. cereus en aérobiose (pO2 = 100%) et en anaérobiose (pO2 = 0%) à haut (POR initial = +140 mV) et bas potentiel redox (PORi= -350 mV). Les résultats ont montré que la dynamique des toxines était représentative de la dynamique de l’exoprotéome à la fois en termes d’abondance relative de protéines et d’oxydation des Met dans les trois conditions testées. L’analyse des résultats suggèrent que (i) l’abondance des toxines et leur taux de méthionines oxydés reflètent le niveau d’oxydation cellulaire et (ii) la sécrétion de toxines au cours de la croissance cellulaire contribue au maintien de l'homéostasie redox intracellulaire en piégeant les ROS endogènes, en particulier en phase active de croissance en aérobiose et en fin de croissance en anaérobiose. Pour étayer l’hypothèse selon laquelle, les Met des protéines extracellulaires, et des toxines en particuliers sont des composants de la machinerie cellulaire antioxydante, nous avons construit une souche mutante ne synthétisant plus MsrAB et comparer le protéome et l’exoprotéome de cette souche mutante avec celle de la souche parentale en aérobiose et anaérobiose à haut POR. Cette étude a mis en évidence l’implication de MsrAB mais également du plasmide cryptique pBClin15 dans la sécrétion des toxines et le maintien de l'homéostasie redox intracellulaire

Published
2016

5. Quantification of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-protein adducts in in vivo gastric digesta of mini-pigs using a GC-MS/MS method with accuracy profile validation

Author

Michel Laurentie, Mylène Delosière, Cécile Gladine, Thierry Durand, Agnès Thomas, Véronique Santé-Lhoutellier, Denys Durand, Charlotte Joly, Céline Chantelauze, Didier Rémond, Claire Dufour, Alexandre Guy, Estelle Pujos-Guillot, Blandine Comte, Qualité des Produits Animaux (QuaPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Clermont Université, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] (IBMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Fougères - ANSES, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), INRA CEPIA, Qualité des Produits Animaux ( QUAPA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores ( UMR 1213 Herbivores ), VetAgro Sup ( VAS ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Unité de Nutrition Humaine ( UNH ), Clermont Université-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I ( UdA ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ), Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] ( IBMM ), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier ( ENSCM ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Anses Laboratoire de Fougères, ANSES, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale ( SQPOV ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ), Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Nutrition Humaine - Clermont Auvergne (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I ( UdA ) -Clermont Université, VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Clermont Université-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, and Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Avignon Université (AU)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, pharmacocinétique, Antioxidant, Swine, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], specrométrie de masse, Tandem mass spectrometry, [ SDV.BA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, 01 natural sciences, Antioxidants, chromatographie gazeuse, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, pharmacokinetic, Meals, chemistry.chemical_classification, Chemistry, General Medicine, Plants, Gastrointestinal Contents, mini-pig, Models, Animal, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, Swine, Miniature, Female, Oxidation-Reduction, Polyunsaturated fatty acid, Meat, mini cochon, Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, 03 medical and health sciences, Lipid oxidation, In vivo, GC-MS/MS, medicine, TBARS, Animals, Detection limit, Aldehydes, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Chromatography, 010401 analytical chemistry, Reproducibility of Results, Lipid Metabolism, 0104 chemical sciences, Diet, Gastrointestinal Tract, [ CHIM.ANAL ] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; Hydroxyalkenals are lipid oxidation end-products resulting from the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). This study aimed at quantifying the production of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-protein adducts (HNE-P) via Michael addition from n-6 PUFA oxidation in the gastric digesta of mini-pigs after the consumption of meat-based meals with different plant antioxidant contents. Using the accuracy profile procedure, we validated an extraction protocol for the quantification of HNE-P by GC-MS/MS in gastric contents. The formation of HNE-P in the gastric compartment was observed for the first time, with concentrations ranging from less than 0.52 to 1.33 nmol HNE-P per 500 mg digesta. Nevertheless, most gastric HNE-P levels were below the limit of quantification of 0.52 nmol HNE-P per 500 mg digesta. In this animal study, the protective effect of plant antioxidant sources on HNE-P formation was not evidenced contrasting with the results using TBARS as markers.

Published
2016
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6. The molecular basis of the degradation of flavan-3-ols by the human gut bacterium Eggerthella lenta

Author

Halifa, Ruben, Cornu, Agnes, Dufour, Claire, Le Bourvellec, Carine, Peyret, Pierre, Mosoni, Pascale, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Microbiologie Environnement Digestif Santé (MEDIS), and Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)

Subjects
[SCCO]Cognitive science
Abstract

International audience; Flavan-3-ols are among the most consumed polyphenols by humans and have been shown to prevent cardiovascular diseases. They are found in plant as monomers and mainly as oligomers such as procyanidins. The majority reaches the colon where the microbiota converts them into phenolic metabolites likely to participate in their health effects. While the metabolic pathways of the degradation of flavan-3-ols by the microbiota are relatively well described, only a few microorganisms and microbial genes involved in these pathways are known. We have previously shown that Eggerthella lenta metabolizes flavan-3-ol monomers and oligomers. Here, our aim was to identify E. lenta genes encoding enzymes degrading flavan-3-ols and to determine their prevalence in human gut metagenomes. By a transcriptomic approach (RNAseq) carried out with the type strain of E. lenta, coupled with the heterologous expression of the genes of interest in Escherichia coli, we have discovered two genes (fmber1, fmber2) encoding two benzyl ether reductases cleaving the C ring of the monomers and an operon of two genes (pber) catalyzing this reaction on the dimers of type-B procyanidins. Furthermore, two operons of three genes (cadh, ecadh) encoding enzyme complexes dehydroxylating the Bring of (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin have also been identified. These genes constitute good markers of flavan-3-ol metabolization in the gut. Their prevalence in human gut metagenomes suggested that 27% of individuals cannot convert flavan-3-ols into potential bioactive metabolites. These results raise the question of whether individuals who do not harbor these bacterial genes are at greater risk of developing cardiovascular disease.

Published
2023

7. Metabolization of flavan-3-ol oligomers by human gut bacteria

Author

Ruben, Halifa, Cornu, Agnes, Peyret, Pierre, Dufour, Claire, Le Bourvellec, Carine, Mosoni, Pascale, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif Santé (MEDIS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), and Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
[SCCO]Cognitive science
Abstract

International audience; Flavan-3-ols are a largely consumed subclass of flavonoids and are involved in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases [1]. The contribution of phenolic metabolites produced by the gut microbiota in the health effects of polyphenols (including flavan-3-ols) is currently an open field of investigation. Although a few bacterial species metabolize flavan-3-ol monomers [2] no bacterial isolates active on oligomers (called procyanidins) have been described. Knowing that the gut microbiota hydrolyzes procyanidins [3], our aim was to identify bacteria degrading flavan-3-ol oligomers and the degradation products. From human stools of three healthy individuals, culturomic approaches combined with screening for the metabolic activity of bacterial isolates by HPLC-DAD allowed us to obtain four strains of Eggerthella lenta and one strain of Flavonifractor plautii degrading (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin. The activity of these strains was then tested on B-type (DP2 to 4) and A-type (DP2) procyanidins and the metabolites generated were characterized by LC-ESI-MS / MS. These two species co-metabolized (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin into hydroxyphenylvaleric acid derivatives. Only E. lenta converted procyanidins while F. plautii alone or in co-culture with E. lenta did not show any activity towards procyanidins. The reaction catalyzed by E. lenta on dimers (B-type and A-type) corresponded to the opening of the C-ring of the terminal unit. This work is the first report of flavan-3-ol oligomers metabolization by the human gut bacterium E. lenta.

Published
2023

8. A new fluorescence-based approach for direct visualization of coat formation during sporulation inBacillus cereus

Author

Armand Lablaine, Stéphanie Chamot, Mónica Serrano, Cyrille Billaudeau, Isabelle Bornard, Rut Carballido-Lopez, Frédéric Carlin, Adriano O. Henriques, Véronique Broussolle, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB), Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA), MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de Pathologie Végétale (PV), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), INRAE and the PACA Region, Perdiguier grant of Avignon University, Part of this work was supported by the microscopy facilities of the Platform 3A, funded by the European Regional Development Fund, the French Ministry of Research, Higher Education and Innovation, the Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region, the Departmental Council of Vaucluse and the Urban Community of Avignon, grants PEst-OE/EQB/LA0004/2011 to AOH, by project LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-007660 ('Microbiologia Molecular, Estrutural e Celular') funded by FEDER funds through COMPETE2020 – 'Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização', project PPBI – Portuguese Platform of BioImaging (PPBI-POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022122) co-funded by national funds from OE – 'Orçamento de Estado' and by European funds from FEDER – 'Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional', grant of the MICA division, and European Project: 772178,BACTIN

Subjects
[SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, sporulation, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Bacillus cereus, microscopy, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Pathogenic Bacteria
Abstract

The pathogenic bacteriaBacillus cereus,Bacillus anthracisandBacillus thuringiensisform spores encased in a protein coat surrounded by a balloon-like exosporium. These structures mediate spore interactions with its environment, including the host immune system, control the transit of molecules that trigger germination and thus are essential for the spore life cycle. Formation of the coat and exosporium has been traditionally visualized by transmission electronic microscopy on fixed cells. Recently, we showed that assembly of the exosporium can be directly observed in liveB. cereuscells by super resolution-structured illumination microscopy (SR-SIM) using the membrane MitoTrackerGreen (MTG) dye. Here, we demonstrate that the different steps of coat formation can also be visualized by SR-SIM using MTG and SNAP-cell TMR-star dyes duringB. cereussporulation. We used these markers to characterize a subpopulation of engulfment-defectiveB. cereuscells that develops at a suboptimal sporulation temperature. Importantly, we predicted and confirmed that synthesis and accumulation of coat material, as well as synthesis of the σK-dependent protein BxpB, occur in cells arrested during engulfment. These results suggest that, unlike the well-studied model organismBacillus subtilis, the activity of σKis not strictly linked to the state of forespore development inB. cereus.

Published
2023
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9. Multi-Criteria Optimization including Environmental Impacts of a Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Polyphenols and Comparison with an Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Process

Author

Alice Bouchez, Peggy Vauchel, Sandrine Périno, Krasimir Dimitrov, Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro - UMR 1158 (BioEcoAgro), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and This work has been carried out in the framework of Alibiotech project financed by the European Union, the French State and the French Region Hauts-de-France with a partial financial participation of the University of Lille and Region Hauts-de-France (Ph.D. thesis scholarship of A. Bouchez).

Subjects
Health (social science), LCA, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], multi-criteria optimization, Plant Science, environmental impacts, microwave-assisted extraction, Health Professions (miscellaneous), Microbiology, polyphenols, antioxidants, by-product, beet seeds, energy consumption, ultrasound-assisted extraction, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; Valorization of wastes and by-products using environmentally friendly technologies with an optimal cost–benefit relationship is a current major issue in agri-food industries. An original tool was recently developed for multi-criteria optimization of an ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) process including the assessment of environmental impacts using Life Cycle Assessment. In the present work, this methodology was adapted and applied to another green extraction process, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), with the same case study, valorization of antioxidant polyphenols from downgraded beet seeds. Once built, the obtained multi-criteria optimization tool was used to investigate performances of the MAE process regarding productivity criteria (polyphenol concentration and antioxidant activity of the extracts), energy consumption and environmental impacts as functions of operating parameters (time, solvent composition, microwave power density, and liquid–solid ratio). The MAE process was optimized under different constraints and compared to the UAE process. For the studied conditions and different investigated scenarios, MAE enabled obtaining extracts with higher polyphenol concentrations and antioxidant activity (approximately 33% and 23% enhancements, respectively), and to strongly reduce extraction duration (by a factor up to 6), whereas UAE enabled reducing the energy consumption (up to 3.6 fold) and the environmental impacts (up to 12% for climate change).

Published
2023
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10. Synthèse du chantier Agroécologie (AE) & Marché

Author

Magrini, Marie-Benoît, Alaphilippe, Aude, Bertagnoli, Stéphane, Cadoré, Jean-Luc, Caillat, Hugues, CARLIN, Frédéric, Cressent, Marion, Debaeke, Philippe, Delaby, Luc, Duclos, Michel, Foucher, Fabrice, Julier, Bernadette, Larzul, Catherine, Lauri, Pierre-Éric, Lamothe, Laurence, Lebret, Bénédicte, Le Gouis, Jacques, Lullien-Pellerin, Valérie, Nozières-Petit, Marie-Odile, Prache, Sophie, Renard, Michel, Sebillotte, Clementina, Schouler, Catherine, This, Patrice, Tchamitchian, Marc, Veysset, Patrick, Thiollet-Scholtus, Marie, Vandeputte, Marc, Lantremange, Hadrien, Saint-Ges, Veronique, Détang-Dessendre, Cécile, AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité Expérimentale de Recherches Intégrées en Production Fruitière (UERI), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Infections Virales et Pathologie Comparée - UMR 754 (IVPC), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Fourrages Environnement Ruminants Lusignan (FERLUS), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département Recherche & Innovation, Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Agrosystèmes Biodiversifiés (UMR ABSys), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux (UMR SELMET), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Territoires (Territoires), AgroParisTech-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Alimentation et sciences sociales (ALISS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Station de Pathologie aviaire et parasitologie [Nouzilly] (PAP), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Unité de recherche d'Écodéveloppement (ECODEVELOPPEMENT), Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement - Antenne Colmar (LAE-Colmar ), Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement (LAE), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sciences pour l'Action et le Développement : Activités, Produits, Territoires (SADAPT), Centre d'Economie et de Sociologie Rurales Appliquées à l'Agriculture et aux Espaces Ruraux (CESAER), and Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Dijon

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Agroécologie, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2023

11. Comment doser les marqueurs de la peroxydation des omégas 3 et 6 par CPG-SM/SM dans différentes matrices ? Intérêt du profil d'exactitude dans cette démarche

Author

Céline Chantelauze, Charlotte Joly, Mylène Delosière, Blandine Comte, Océane Martin, Pierre, Fabrice H. F., Nathalie Naud, Claire Dufour, Estelle Pujos-Guillot, Agnès Thomas, Denis Durand, Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Clermont Université, Qualité des Produits Animaux (QuaPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Association pour le Développement de l'Industrie de la Viande, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Association pour le Développement de l'Industrie de la Viande (ADIV), Prévention et promotion de la cancérogénèse par les aliments (ToxAlim-PPCA), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores ( UMR 1213 Herbivores ), VetAgro Sup ( VAS ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Unité de Nutrition Humaine ( UNH ), Clermont Université-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I ( UdA ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Qualité des Produits Animaux ( QUAPA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), ToxAlim ( ToxAlim ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale ( SQPOV ), and Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA )

Subjects
exactitude, méthode d'extraction, expression génique, [ SDV.IDA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, AGPI n-3, polyunsaturated fatty acid, AGPI n-6, exactness, HNE-P, HNE, lipoperoxydation, acide gras polyinsaturé, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, gene expression, HHE, évaluation de la toxicité, HHE-P, hydroxyalkénals, profil d’exactitude
Abstract

Les acides gras polyinsaturés (AGPI) de type n-6 et n-3 sont connus pour leurs propriétés bénéfiques pour l'Homme. Mais ces composés sont également très sensibles à la peroxydation. Les produits terminaux de la lipoperoxydation sont le 4-hydroxy-2-nonénal (HNE) et le 4-hydroxy-2-hexénal (HHE) respectivement. Ces composés sont très réactifs ce qui leur permet de moduler l’expression génique en se fixant sur des protéines ou directement sur l’ADN. Par contre, ils peuvent aussi s’avérer cytotoxiques lorsqu’ils sont produits en excès. Ils existent sous deux formes, une forme libre et une forme liée notamment à des protéines. Nous avons mis au point une méthode d’extraction conjointe du HNE et du HHE sous leurs deux formes pour leur quantification par CPG-SM/SM. Nous avons également proposé différentes adaptations de la méthode en fonction des matrices testées. Enfin, certaines performances des méthodes proposées ont été évaluées par l'approche du profil d’exactitude.

Published
2015

12. Ultra-processed foods: how functional is the NOVA system?

Author

Véronique Braesco, Isabelle Souchon, Patrick Sauvant, Typhaine Haurogné, Matthieu Maillot, Catherine Féart, Nicole Darmon, VAB-Nutrition, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nanoobjets (CBMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux (ENITAB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro), MS Nutrition [Marseille, France], Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) (UMR MoISA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), This work received minimal funding (less than 5% of the study’s total cost) from the French Fund for Food and Health (FFA), an organization partially sponsored by the food.industry., and Perez, Isabelle

Subjects
Système NOVA, Nutrition and Dietetics, Food Handling, Medicine (miscellaneous), Diet, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Classification nutritionnelle, produit agroalimentaire, ultra-processed food, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Fast Foods, Humans, nutritional intake, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Nutritive Value, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, feeding
Abstract

Background In the NOVA classification system, descriptive criteria are used to assign foods to one of four groups based on processing-related criteria. Although NOVA is widely used, its robustness and functionality remain largely unexplored. We determined whether this system leads to consistent food assignments by users. Methods French food and nutrition specialists completed an online survey in which they assigned foods to NOVA groups. The survey comprised two lists: one with 120 marketed food products with ingredient information and one with 111 generic food items without ingredient information. We quantified assignment consistency among evaluators using Fleiss’ κ (range: 0–1, where 1 = 100% agreement). Hierarchical clustering on principal components identified clusters of foods with similar distributions of NOVA assignments. Results Fleiss’ κ was 0.32 and 0.34 for the marketed foods (n = 159 evaluators) and generic foods (n = 177 evaluators), respectively. There were three clusters within the marketed foods: one contained 90 foods largely assigned to NOVA4 (91% of assignments), while the two others displayed greater assignment heterogeneity. There were four clusters within the generic foods: three clusters contained foods mostly assigned to a single NOVA group (69–79% of assignments), and the fourth cluster comprised 28 foods whose assignments were more evenly distributed across the four NOVA groups. Conclusions Although assignments were more consistent for some foods than others, overall consistency among evaluators was low, even when ingredient information was available. These results suggest current NOVA criteria do not allow for robust and functional food assignments.

Published
2022
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13. Ecologie microbienne des fromages au lait cru

Author

Chassard, Christophe, Nguyen-The, Christophe, Colleu, Sylvie, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur le Fromage (UMRF), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Collège de Direction (CODIR), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and INRAE

Subjects
bactérie, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, microorganisme, lait cru, terroir, impact politique, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], codex alimentarius, ferment, fromage, affinage, lait, impact sociétal, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, impact sanitaire, asirpa, impact environnemental, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, impact economique
Abstract

L’INRAE d’Aurillac mène des recherches sur la microbiologie et la technologie des fromages du Massif Central avec pour objectifs la compréhension des processus de fabrication et d’affinage des fromages et la recherche de solutions microbiennes et technologiques pour l’amélioration de leurs qualités. Leurs recherches ont ainsi contribué au maintien des prairies naturelles du Massif Central, au développement de l’activité économique, la création d’emplois et la reconnaissance internationale des fromages au lait cru. Cette étude a été conduite selon la méthode ASIRPA ex-post.; The INRAE of Aurillac carries out research on the microbiology and technology of cheeses from the Massif Central with the aim of understanding the manufacturing and ripening processes of cheeses and the search for microbial and technological solutions to improve their qualities. Their research has thus contributed to the maintenance of the natural meadows of the Massif Central, the development of economic activity, the creation of jobs and the international recognition of raw milk cheeses. Cette étude a été conduite selon la méthode ASIRPA ex-post.

Published
2023

14. Traditional green leafy vegetables as underutilised sources of micronutrients in a rural farming community in south-west Nigeria II: consumption pattern and potential contribution to micronutrient requirements

Author

David Page, Catherine M. C. G. Renard, S. I. Ejoh, Faustina Dufie Wireko-Manu, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Ibadan, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology [GHANA] (KNUST), Département Caractérisation et Elaboration des Produits Issus de l'Agriculture (CEPIA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, food system, indigenous vegetables, nutrient contribution, nutrient requirement, Nutrient requirement, enfant en bas âge, modèle de consommation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], femme, communauté rurale, Nigeria, Medicine (miscellaneous), Indigenous vegetables, 03 medical and health sciences, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Nutrient, teneur en fer, Medicine, vitamine a, légume feuille, 2. Zero hunger, Consumption (economics), 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, Agroforestry, business.industry, Nutrient contribution, apport nutritionnel, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Micronutrient, 040401 food science, Food system, Agriculture, Food systems, Leafy vegetables, business, succession saisonniere
Abstract

International audience; Objective: To determine the consumption pattern of selected households consuming traditional green leafy vegetables (TGLVs) during three seasons and potential contribution to recommended nutrient intakes. Design: Repeated household survey using food frequency questionnaire to obtain consumption pattern of selected TGLVs. Setting and Subjects: Selected households in a small rural farming community: pre-rainy (n = 43), rainy (n = 36) and post-rainy seasons (n = 40). Results: Corchorus olitorius and A. hybridus were the most consumed by > 70% of households across three seasons. A. esculentus and A. viridis were the least consumed TGLVs through all the seasons. Uncultivated and cultivated TGLVs could contribute between 26–> 100% and 18–96%, respectively, of recommended intake for vitamin A for children and women. For young children, both the cultivated and uncultivated TGLVs could contribute more than 50% of their RDA for iron. Conclusion: seasonal availability, and preference for certain species, determine the consumption pattern of the TGLVs studied. Uncultivated and less utilised vegetables have the potential to make significant contributions to the micronutrient requirements of women and children, especially vitamin A and iron if frequently used.

Published
2023
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15. Clostridium botulinum type C, D, C/D, and D/C: An update

Author

Meurens, François, Carlin, Frédéric, Federighi, Michel, Filippitzi, Maria-Eleni, Fournier, Matthieu, Fravalo, Philippe, Vaillancourt, Jean-Pierre, Ganière, Jean-Pierre, Grisot, Lionel, Guillier, Laurent, Hilaire, Didier, Kooh, Pauline, Woudstra, Cédric, Le Bouquin-Leneveu, Sophie, Le Maréchal, Caroline, Mazuet, Christelle, Petit, Karine, Morvan, Hervé, Biologie, Epidémiologie et analyse de risque en Santé Animale (BIOEPAR), École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sécurité des Aliments (SECALIM), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Metabiot (Metabiot), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire [UdeM-Saint-Hyacinthe] (FMV - UdeM), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Retired, Clinique des Tourbières, Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Maîtrise nucléaire, radiologique, bactériologique et chimique (MNRBC), Direction générale de l'Armement (DGA), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort [ANSES], Centre National de Référence des Bactéries Anaérobies et Botulisme - National Reference Center Anaerobic Bacteria and Botulism (CNR), and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Clostridium, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, botulism, cattle, poultry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], toxins, zoonosis, Microbiology
Abstract

We are grateful to the ANSES expert committee panel in charge of assessing animal health and animal welfare risk, and to the working group “Botulism,” including the authors as well as Catherine Belloc, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Alain Boissy, Henri-Jean Boulouis, Eric Collin, Jean-Claude Desfontis, David Fretin, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont, Etienne Giraud, Nadia Haddad, Viviane Hénaux, Elsa Jourdain, Sophie Le Poder-Alcon, Monique L’Hostis, Gilles Meyer, Elodie Monchatre-Leroy, Pierre Mormède, Carine Paraud, Ariane Payne, Carole Peroz-Sapede, Claire Ponsart, Claude Saegerman, Gaëlle Simon, Michèle Tremblay, Nathalie Arnich, Isabelle Attig, Carole Catastini, Charlotte Dunoyer, Nabila Haddache, and Elissa Khamisse.; International audience; Clostridium botulinum is the main causative agent of botulism, a neurological disease encountered in humans as well as animals. Nine types of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) have been described so far. Amongst these “toxinotypes,” the A, the B and E are the most frequently encountered in humans while the C, D, C/D and D/C are mostly affecting domestic and wild birds as well as cattle. In France for instance, many cases and outbreaks are reported in these animal species every year. However, underestimation is very likely at least for avifauna species where the detection of dead animals can be challenging. Knowledge about BoNTs C, D, C/D, and D/C and the diseases they cause in animals and humans is still scarce and unclear. Specifically, the potential role of animal botulism outbreaks in cattle and poultry as a source of human illness needs to be further assessed. In this narrative review, we present the current knowledge about toxinotypes C, D, C/D, and D/C in cattle and poultry with, amongst various other aspects, their epidemiological cycles. We also discuss the zoonotic potential of these toxinotypes and some possible ways of risk mitigation. An adapted and effective management of botulism outbreaks in livestock also requires a better understanding of these less common and known toxinotypes.

Published
2023
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16. Comparison of pesticide residue and specific nutrient levels in peeled and unpeeled apples

Author

Jean‐Michel Lecerf, Alain Périquet, Frédéric Carlin, Suzanne Lanckriet, Nicolas Paris, Christophe Robaglia, Bethsabée Gleizer, Luc Belzunces, Jean‐Pierre Cravedi, Johanna Calvarin, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies d'Aix-Marseille (ex-IBEB) (BIAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre Technique Interprofessionnel des Fruits et Légumes (CTIFL), Abeilles et Environnement (AE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Agence pour la Recherche et l’Information en Fruits et Légumes (APRIFEL), and This work was supported by Aprifel, a French non-profit organization promoting research and information on fresh fruit andvegetables.

Subjects
Adult, Nutrition and Dietetics, unpeeled apple, pesticide residues, Polyphenols, Nutrients, peeled apple, Malus, nutritional values, Humans, Micronutrients, Pesticides, Agronomy and Crop Science, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract

Studies have shown that the consumption of apples has a beneficial effect on cardiovascular diseases and some cancers, largely as a result of their micronutrient and phytoconstituent contents. Apple peel not only contains more polyphenols than the flesh, but also is likely to contain pesticide residues. The present study aimed to compare the contents of certain micronutrients and residual pesticide levels in peeled and unpeeled apples.Peeled apples contained fewer pesticide residues at lower concentrations than unpeeled apples. However, whether samples were peeled or not, the exposure values for pesticide residues in apples never exceeded the acceptable daily intake (ADI), but ranged between 0.04% and 2.10% of the ADI in adults for food intake estimated at the 95th percentile (277 g per person per day). Determination of polyphenol, fibre, magnesium and vitamin C levels showed that the nutritional differences observed between peeled and unpeeled apples were marginal.The consumption of apples, such as the apples tested in the present study, results in an exposure to pesticides that is low for unpeeled apples, and lower for peeled apples. Moreover, there was no significant loss of nutritional value from eating peeled apples based on the nutrients investigated. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

Published
2023
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17. Intestinal Scavenger Receptors Are Involved in Vitamin K 1 Absorption

Author

Stéphanie Roi, Emmanuelle Reboul, Xavier Collet, Pascale Goupy, Isabelle Niot, Catherine Caris-Veyrat, Marielle Margier, Aurélie Goncalves, Nutrition, obésité et risque thrombotique (NORT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) (NUTox), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Societe Francaise de Nutrition (Lu/SFN grant), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), Nutrition, obésité et risque thrombotique ( NORT ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires ( I2MC ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Hôpital de Rangueil-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) ( NUTox ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale ( SQPOV ), Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), and Reboul, Emmanuelle

Subjects
CD36 Antigens, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, CD36, medicine.medical_treatment, Biochemistry, Intestinal absorption, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mice, Vitamin E, HUMAN PLASMA, CAROTENOIDS, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Micelles, 0303 health sciences, biology, CELL-LINE, SR-BI, Vitamin K 1, Scavenger Receptors, Class B, CD36 DEFICIENCY, Postprandial Period, Intestinal epithelium, Lipids, Cholesterol, Vitamin, medicine.medical_specialty, PHYLLOQUINONE VITAMIN-K-1, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, B TYPE-I, MENAQUINONE-4 VITAMIN-K-2, TRANSPORT, CACO-2, Animals, Humans, Scavenger receptor, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Cell Membrane, Cell Biology, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Endocrinology, Enterocytes, HEK293 Cells, chemistry, Intestinal Absorption, Caco-2, biology.protein, Caco-2 Cells, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Ex vivo
Abstract

International audience; Vitamin K-1 (phylloquinone) intestinal absorption is thought to be mediated by a carrier protein that still remains to be identified. Apical transport of vitamin K-1 was examined using Caco-2 TC-7 cell monolayers as a model of human intestinal epithelium and in transfected HEK cells. Phylloquinone uptake was then measured ex vivo using mouse intestinal explants. Finally, vitamin K-1 absorption was compared between wild-type mice and mice overexpressing scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) in the intestine and mice deficient in cluster determinant 36 (CD36). Phylloquinone uptake by Caco-2 cells was saturable and was significantly impaired by co-incubation with alpha-tocopherol (and vice versa). Anti-human SR-BI antibodies and BLT1 (a chemical inhibitor of lipid transport via SR-BI) blocked up to 85% of vitamin K-1 uptake. BLT1 also decreased phylloquinone apical efflux by similar to 80%. Transfection of HEK cells with SR-BI and CD36 significantly enhanced vitamin K-1 uptake, which was subsequently decreased by the addition of BLT1 or sulfo-N-succinimidyl oleate (CD36 inhibitor), respectively. Similar results were obtained in mouse intestinal explants. In vivo, the phylloquinone postprandial response was significantly higher, and the proximal intestine mucosa phylloquinone content 4 h after gavage was increased in mice overexpressing SR-BI compared with controls. Phylloquinone postprandial response was also significantly increased in CD36-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice, but their vitamin K-1 intestinal content remained unchanged. Overall, the present data demonstrate for the first time that intestinal scavenger receptors participate in the absorption of dietary phylloquinone.

Published
2014
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18. Unsaturated fatty acids from food and in the growth medium improve growth of Bacillus cereus under cold and anaerobic conditions

Author

Raphaëlle Tourdot-Maréchal, Christophe Nguyen-The, Laurent Beney, Benoit De Sarrau, Thierry Clavel, Jordane Despres, Sébastien Dupont, Nicolas Zwickel, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques (PAM), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Procédés Microbiologiques et Biotechnologiques (PMB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques [Dijon] (PAM), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale ( SQPOV ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ), Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques ( PAM ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement

Subjects
Membrane lipids, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Bacillus cereus, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Spinacia oleracea, Phosphatidylcholine, Food science, Anaerobiosis, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Growth medium, biology, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030306 microbiology, fungi, Membrane, Fatty acid, biology.organism_classification, Culture Media, Cold Temperature, Chemically defined medium, Cereus, chemistry, Biochemistry, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, Food Microbiology, Spinach, Food Science, Cold
Abstract

International audience; In a chemically defined medium and in Luria broth, cold strongly reduced maximal population density of Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 in anaerobiosis and caused formation of filaments. In cooked spinach, maximal population density of B. cereus in anaerobiosis was the same at cold and optimal temperatures, with normal cell divisions. The lipid containing fraction of spinach, but not the hydrophilic fraction, restored growth of B. cereus under cold and anaerobiosis when added to the chemically defined medium. This fraction was rich in unsaturated, low melting point fatty acids. Addition of phosphatidylcholine containing unsaturated, low melting point, fatty acids similarly improved B. cereus anaerobic growth at cold temperature. Addition of hydrogenated phosphatidylcholine containing saturated, high melting point, fatty acids did not modify growth. Fatty acids from phospholipids, from spinach and from hy-drogenated phosphatidylcholine, although normally very rare in B. cereus, were inserted in the bacterium membrane. Addition of phospholipids rich in unsaturated fatty acids to cold and anaerobic cultures, increased fluidity of B. cereus membrane lipids, to the same level as those from B. cereus normally cold adapted, i.e. grown aerobically at 15 C. B. cereus is therefore able to use external fatty acids from foods or from the growth medium to adapt its membrane to cold temperature under anaerobiosis, and to recover the maximal population density achieved at optimal temperature.

Published
2013
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19. Redox proteomic study of Bacillus cereus thiol proteome during fermentative anaerobic growth

Author

Hamitouche, Fella, Gaillard, Jean-Charles, Schmitt, Philippe, Armengaud, J., Duport, Catherine, Dedieu, Luc, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Service de Chimie Bio-Organique et de Marquage (SCBM), Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.

Subjects
Proteomics, Proteome, Differential labeling strategy, Research, fungi, Thiol proteome, QH426-470, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Fermentative growth, Bacillus cereus, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Genetics, Sulfhydryl Compounds, Anaerobiosis, Oxidation-Reduction, TP248.13-248.65, Biotechnology
Abstract

Background Bacillus cereus is a notorious foodborne pathogen, which can grow under anoxic conditions. Anoxic growth is supported by endogenous redox metabolism, for which the thiol redox proteome serves as an interface. Here, we studied the cysteine (Cys) proteome dynamics of B. cereus ATCC 14579 cells grown under fermentative anoxic conditions. We used a quantitative thiol trapping method combined with proteomics profiling. Results In total, we identified 153 reactive Cys residues in 117 proteins participating in various cellular processes and metabolic pathways, including translation, carbohydrate metabolism, and stress response. Of these reactive Cys, 72 were detected as reduced Cys. The B. cereus Cys proteome evolved during growth both in terms of the number of reduced Cys and the Cys-containing proteins identified, reflecting its growth-phase-dependence. Interestingly, the reduced status of the B. cereus thiol proteome increased during growth, concomitantly to the decrease of extracellular oxidoreduction potential. Conclusions Taken together, our data show that the B. cereus Cys proteome during unstressed fermentative anaerobic growth is a dynamic entity and provide an important foundation for future redox proteomic studies in B. cereus and other organisms. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07962-y.

Published
2021
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20. Bisphenol A, genistein and vinclozolin: three endocrine disruptors which differentially affect the mammary gland in rats : critical window of exposure

Author

El Sheikh Saad, H., Berges, Raymond, Auger, Jacques, Canivenc-Lavier, Marie-Chantal, Bieche, Clémence, Perrot-Applanat, Martine, U 965, Université Paris Diderot (Paris 7), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Hôpital Lariboisière, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre d'Etude et de Conservation du Sperme Humain ( CECOS ), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale ( SQPOV ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ), Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etude et de Conservation du Sperme Humain (CECOS), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), Avignon Université (AU), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Carcinose Angiogenèse et Recherche Translationnelle, Angiogenese et recherche translationnelle (CART U965), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), and Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
[SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, endocrine disruptor, perturbateur endocrinien, endocrine system, mammary gland, urogenital system, bisphenol a, vinclozoline, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, [ SDV.MHEP.EM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, genistein, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, genistéine, glande mammaire, rat, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Abstract

Bisphenol A, genistein and vinclozolin: three endocrine disruptors which differentially affect the mammary gland in rats : critical window of exposure. Colloque PNR-PE

Published
2012

21. Relevant factors affecting microbial surface decontamination by pulsed light

Author

Xavier Aubert, Bernard Lacour, Caroline Levy, Frédéric Carlin, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), Laboratoire des Sciences des Procédés et des Matériaux (LSPM), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut Galilée-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nutrition Lipidique et Régulation Fonctionnelle du Coeur et des Vaisseaux (NLRFC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Service de Biochimie A [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut Galilée-Université Paris 13 (UP13), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale ( SQPOV ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ), Laboratoire des Sciences des Procédés et des Matériaux ( LSPM ), Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut Galilée-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Nutrition Lipidique et Régulation Fonctionnelle du Coeur et des Vaisseaux ( NLRFC ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]

Subjects
Hot Temperature, food.ingredient, PULSED LIGHT, Ultraviolet Rays, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], BACILLUS CEREUS, Bacillus, Bacillus subtilis, medicine.disease_cause, 7. Clean energy, Microbiology, BACILLUS ATROPHAEUS, 03 medical and health sciences, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, food, DECONTAMINATION, Food Preservation, medicine, Agar, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Food science, GEOBACILLUS STEAROTHERMOPHILUS, Spores, Bacterial, 0303 health sciences, BACILLUS SUBTILIS, RAYON UV, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], biology, ASPERGILLUS NIGER, 030306 microbiology, Aspergillus niger, fungi, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, 040401 food science, Spore, SPORES, Cereus, INTENSITE DE RAYONNEMENT, Food Microbiology, Bacteria, Ultraviolet, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; Pulsed Light (PL) uses intense flashes of white light rich in ultraviolet (UV) light for decontamination. A log-reduction higher than 5 was obtained in one flash and at fluences lower than 1.8 J/cm 2 on spores of a range of spore-forming bacteria, of vegetative cells of non-spore-forming bacteria and on yeasts spread on agar media. Vegetative cells were more sensitive than spores. The inactivation by PL of Bacillus subtilis, B. atrophaeus, B. cereus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, and Aspergillus niger spores sprayed on polystyrene was similar. The inactivation by PL of B. subtilis and A. niger spores sprayed on glass was slightly lower than on polystyrene. No alteration of the spore structures was detected by scanning electron microscopy for both PL treated B. subtilis and A. niger spores. The inactivation of spores of B. subtilis, B. atrophaeus, B. cereus and B. pumilus by PL or by continuous UV–C at identical fluences was not different, and was much higher by PL for A. niger spores. The increase in the input voltage of the lamps (which also increases the UV–C %) resulted in a higher inactivation. There was no correlation between the resistance to heat and the resistance to PL. The relative effect of UV–C radiations and light thermal energy on PL inactivation was discussed.

Published
2011
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22. Dataset about the Life Cycle Assessment of new fermented food products mixing cow milk and pea protein sources

Author

Juliette Huguet, Christophe Chassard, René Lavigne, Françoise Irlinger, Isabelle Souchon, Stephan Marette, Anne Saint-Eve, Caroline Pénicaud, Paris-Saclay Food and Bioproduct Engineering (SayFood), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur le Fromage (UMRF), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Paris-Saclay Applied Economics (UMR PSAE), ANR-17-CE21-0003,DIETPLUS,Effets des changements de régimes alimentaires sur l'équilibre des marchés, le partage de la valeur dans les filières, la santé publique, l'environnement et l'usage des sols.(2017), and ANR-19-DATA-0016,DataSusFood,Structurer et Ouvrir les Données pour améliorer la Durabilité des Systèmes Alimentaires(2019)

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Inventory dataEnvironmental impactsEnvironmental performanceSustainabilitySustainable proteinsLegumesDairy products
Abstract

International audience; In recent years, the food industry has expended considerable effort to design novel products that replace animal proteins with legumes; however, the actual environmental benefits of such products are often not quantified. Here, we performed Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) to evaluate the environmental performance of four new fermented food products based on different mixtures of animal (cow milk) and plant (pea) protein sources (100% Pea, 75% Pea-25% Milk, 50% Pea-50% Milk, 25% Pea-75% Milk). The system perimeter encompassed all stages from agricultural production of the ingredients to the creation of the final ready-to-eat products. Impacts were calculated for all environmental indicators included in the EF 3.0 Method in SimaPro software based on a functional unit of 1 kg of ready-to-eat product. Life cycle inventories included all of the flows analyzed by the LCA (raw materials, energy, water, cleaning products, packaging, transport, waste). Foreground data were acquired directly on the manufacturing site; background data were taken from the Ecoinvent 3.6 database. The dataset contains details on the products, pro-cesses, equipment, and infrastructure considered; mass and energy flows; Life Cycle Inventories (LCI); and Life Cycle Im-pact Assessment (LCIA). These data improve our understand-ing of the environmental impact of plant-based alternatives to dairy products, which is currently poorly documented

Published
2023
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23. Fat-soluble vitamin and phytochemical metabolites: Production, gastrointestinal absorption, and health effects

Author

Patrick Borel, Olivier Dangles, Rachel E. Kopec, Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Nutrition, obésité et risque thrombotique (NORT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), and This work was partially supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Hatch project W4122)

Subjects
Tocopherol, Retinol, Phylloquinone, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Phytosterols, Cell Biology, Carotenoids, Biochemistry, Cholecalciferol
Abstract

International audience; Consumption of diets rich in fruits and vegetables, which provide some fat-soluble vitamins and many phyto-chemicals, is associated with a lower risk of developing certain degenerative diseases. It is well accepted that not only the parent compounds, but also their derivatives formed upon enzymatic or nonenzymatic transformations, can produce protective biological effects. These derivatives can be formed during food storage, processing, or cooking. They can also be formed in the lumen of the upper digestive tract during digestion, or via metabolism by microbiota in the colon. This review compiles the known metabolites of fat-soluble vitamins and fat-soluble phytochemicals (FSV and FSP) that have been identified in food and in the human digestive tract, or could potentially be present based on the known reactivity of the parent compounds in normal or pathological con-ditions, or following surgical interventions of the digestive tract or consumption of xenobiotics known to impair lipid absorption. It also covers the very limited data available on the bioavailability (absorption, intestinal mucosa metabolism) and summarizes their effects on health. Notably, despite great interest in identifying bioactive derivatives of FSV and FSP, studying their absorption, and probing their putative health effects, much research remains to be conducted to understand and capitalize on the potential of these molecules to preserve health.

Published
2023
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24. Ecological diversification in the Bacillus cereus Group

Author

Paul De Vos, Monika Ehling-Schulz, Vincent Sanchis, Philippe Normand, Christophe Nguyen-The, Marc Heyndrickx, Alexei Sorokin, Marie-Hélène Guinebretière, Birgitta Svensson, Fabiano L. Thompson, Peter Dawyndt, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratory for Microbiology and BCCM/LMG Bacteria Collection, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Institute of Biology, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Génétique Microbienne et Environnement (GME), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), 7Lehrstuhl für Mikrobielle Ökologie, Department für Grundlagen der Biowissenschaften, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Sweedish Dairy Association, Lund University [Lund], Unité de Génétique Microbienne et Environnement (UR1249), Department of Animal Product Quality, Ministry of the Flemish Community, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Technische Universität München [München] (TUM), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale ( SQPOV ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ), Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), Génétique Microbienne et Environnement ( GME ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Ecologie microbienne ( EM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon ( ENVL ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -VetAgro Sup ( VAS ), Technische Universität München [München] ( TUM ), and Unité de Génétique Microbienne et Environnement ( UR1249 )

Subjects
BACILLUS MYCOIDES, AFLP, Molecular Sequence Data, Bacillus cereus, Biology, Microbiology, Fluorescence, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacterial Proteins, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], BACILLUS PSEUDOMYCOIDES, Gene, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Heat-Shock Proteins, 030304 developmental biology, BACILLUS WEIHENSTEPHANENSIS, 0303 health sciences, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Phylogenetic tree, 030306 microbiology, Ecology, Temperature, RNA-Binding Proteins, Bacillus weihenstephanensis, Biodiversity, 15. Life on land, Ribosomal RNA, biology.organism_classification, Adaptation, Physiological, Cereus, Genes, Bacterial, [ SDV.BBM.GTP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Bacillus pseudomycoides, Amplified fragment length polymorphism, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ribosomes, Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
Abstract

The Bacillus cereus Group comprises organisms that are widely distributed in the environment and are of health and economic interest. We demonstrate an ‘ecotypic' structure of populations in the B. cereus Group using (i) molecular data from Fluorescent Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism patterns, ribosomal gene sequences, partial panC gene sequences, ‘psychrotolerant' DNA sequence signatures and (ii) phenotypic and descriptive data from range of growth temperature, psychrotolerance and thermal niches. Seven major phylogenetic groups (I to VII) were thus identified, with ecological differences that provide evidence for a multiemergence of psychrotolerance in the B. cereus Group. A moderate thermotolerant group (VII) was basal to the mesophilic group I, from which in turn distinct thermal lineages have emerged, comprising two mesophilic groups (III, IV), an intermediate group (V) and two psychrotolerant groups (VI, II). This stepwise evolutionary transition toward psychrotolerance was particularly well illustrated by the relative abundance of the ‘psychrotolerant' rrs signature (as defined by Pruss et al.) copies accumulated in strains that varied according to the phylogenetic group. The ‘psychrotolerant' cspA signature (as defined by Francis et al.) was specific to group VI and provided a useful way to differentiate it from the psychrotolerant group II. This study illustrates how adaptation to novel environments by the modification of temperature tolerance limits has shaped historical patterns of global ecological diversification in the B. cereus Group. The implications for the taxonomy of this Group and for the human health risk are discussed.

Published
2007
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25. Physical and Chemical Influences of Different Extraction Techniques for Essential Oil Recovery from Citrus sinensis Peels

Author

Farid Chemat, Olfa Taktak, Sahar Ben Youssef, Noureddine Allouche, Maryline Abert Vian, University of Sfax (Fac Sci Sfax, Nat Subst Team, Lab Organ Chem LR17ES08), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), and Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Citrus peels, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Essential oil, Analytical Chemistry, law.invention, law, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], Orange Tree, biology, Green extraction, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, GC/MS, Organic Chemistry, Extraction (chemistry), Antioxidant Activity, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, 0104 chemical sciences, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, Horticulture, Rutaceae, Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, Citrus × sinensis
Abstract

The orange tree (Citrus sinensis) is a species of fruit shrubs of the Rutaceae family. Essential oils from citrus peels are widely used in various agro-food and pharmaceutical preparations and hence they must be recovered using green extraction methods. In this study, we compare the efficiency of five extraction techniques (conventional hydro-distillation (HD), Salt-assisted extraction by HD (S-HD), Ultrasound-assisted extraction by HD (US-HD), Enzymes-assisted extraction by HD (E-HD), and Solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME)) for the extraction of essential oil from Citrus sinensis peels. The essential oils were compared with regard to their chemical compositions, light microscopy analysis, total energy consumption, and antioxidant activity. GC/MS analysis allowed the identification of 28 compounds in the different essential oils. The principal identified component was limonene (86.7 %, 87.9 %, 88.2 %, 88.3 %, 85.4 % for HD, S-HD, US-HD, E-HD, and SFME, respectively), followed by β-pinene, sabinene, linalool and α-terpineol. The obtained essential oils were analyzed for their antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method. Results indicated that essential oil extracted by SFME showed the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 0.0175 mg/ml) and extraction yield (3.58 % ± 0.05) consuming lower energy (0.312 kW h-1) in a shorter extraction time (30 min) comparing with the other tested techniques. Hence, the SFME would be an interesting green method for the recovery of essential oil from C. sinensis peels useful in agro-food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical preparations as an alternative for undesirable chemical additives.

Published
2021
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26. Dynamic Profile of S-Layer Proteins Controls Surface Properties of Emetic Bacillus cereus AH187 Strain

Author

Boutonnet, Cécile, Lyonnais, Sébastien, Alpha-Bazin, Beatrice, Armengaud, Jean, Château, Alice, Duport, Catherine, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Avignon Université (AU), Centre d’études des Maladies Infectieuses et Pharmacologie Anti-Infectieuse - [Montpellier] (CEMIPAI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), S-layer proteins, adhesion, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Bacillus cereus, surfaceome, surface properties, Microbiology
Abstract

International audience; Many prokaryotes are covered by a two-dimensional array of proteinaceous subunits. This surface layers (S-layer) is incompletely characterized for many microorganisms. Here, we studied Bacillus cereus AH187. A genome analysis identified two genes encoding the S-layer proteins SL2 and EA1, which we experimentally confirmed to encode the two protein components of the S-layer covering the surface of B. cereus . Shotgun proteomics analysis indicated that SL2 is the major component of the B. cereus S-layer at the beginning of exponential growth, whereas EA1 becomes more abundant than SL2 during later stages of stationary growth. Microscopy analysis revealed the spatial organization of SL2 and EA1 at the surface of B. cereus to depend on their temporal-dynamics during growth. Our results also show that a mutant strain lacking functional SL2 and EA1 proteins has distinct surface properties compared to its parental strain, in terms of stiffness and hydrophilicity during the stationary growth phase. Surface properties, self-aggregation capacity, and bacterial adhesion were observed to correlate. We conclude that the dynamics of SL2 and EA1 expression is a key determinant of the surface properties of B. cereus AH187, and that the S-layer could contribute to B. cereus survival in starvation conditions.

Published
2022
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27. Republication : Aliments ultra-transformés : le système NOVA est-il robuste ?

Author

Braesco, Véronique, Souchon, Isabelle, Sauvant, Patrick, Haurogné, Typhaine, Maillot, Matthieu, Féart, Catherine, Darmon, Nicole, VAB Nutrition, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nanoobjets (CBMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux (ENITAB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MS Nutrition [Marseille, France], Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) (UMR MoISA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Bordeaux Sciences Agro [Gradignan], Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro), Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), and Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)

Subjects
Formulation, Food, Niveau de transformation, Processing level, Fiabilité, Classification, Reliability, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Aliment
Abstract

Cette étude a fait l’objet d’une publication en langue anglaise dans la revue European Journal of Clinical Nutrition en mars 2022 (disponible à l’adresse : https://rdcu.be/cJs7G).; International audience; In the NOVA classification system, descriptive criteria are used to assign foods to one of four groups based on processing-related criteria. Although NOVA is widely used, its robustness and functionality remain largely unexplored. We determined whether this system leads to consistent food assignments by users. French food and nutrition specialists completed an online survey in which they assigned foods to NOVA groups. The survey comprised two lists: one with 120 marketed food products with ingredient information and one with 111 generic food items without ingredient information. We quantified assignment consistency among evaluators using Fleiss’ κ (range: 0–1, where 1 = 100% agreement). Fleiss’ κ was 0.32 and 0.34 for the marketed foods (n = 159 evaluators) and generic foods (n = 177 evaluators), respectively. The consistency of the assignments, as assessed by Fleiss’ κ, was 0.32 (commercial foods) and 0.34 (generic foods). Clusters of foods with similar assignment distributions were defined by hierarchical ascending classification. Among the 120 commercial foods, one cluster contained 90 foods that were predominantly assigned to NOVA4 (91% of the assignments) and, among the 111 generic foods, three clusters contained foods that were predominantly assigned to NOVA 1 (79% of the assignments), NOVA2 (75%) and NOVA4 (70%), respectively. Assignments were particularly heterogeneous for 30 commercial and 28 generic foods (25% of the total in both cases). Although assignments were more consistent for some foods than others, overall consistency among evaluators was low, even when ingredient information was available. These results suggest current NOVA criteria do not allow for robust and functional food assignments.; La classification NOVA répartit les aliments en quatre groupes (de 1, peu transformé à 4, le plus transformé). Sa fiabilité et sa reproductibilité ont été très peu explorées alors qu’elle est très utilisée. Nous avons étudié la cohérence entre utilisateurs (environ 170 professionnels) de l’affectation de 120 aliments du commerce et 111 aliments génériques dans les groupes NOVA. La cohérence des affectations (κ de Fleiss) était de 0,32 (aliments du commerce) et 0,34 (aliments génériques). Des clusters d’aliments présentant des distributions d’affectations similaires ont été définis par classification hiérarchique. Parmi les aliments du commerce, un cluster réunissait 90 aliments très largement affectés à NOVA4 (91 % des affectations) et, parmi les aliments génériques, trois clusters contenaient des aliments principalement affectés à NOVA 1 (79 %), NOVA2 (75 %) et NOVA4 (70 %), respectivement. Les affectations étaient particulièrement hétérogènes pour 30 aliments du commerce et 28 aliments génériques (25 % du total dans les deux cas). Les critères actuels de la classification NOVA ne permettent pas d’affecter de manière non ambiguë un aliment à un groupe. Ce système doit être amélioré, en raison de son utilisation en recherche et dans les politiques publiques.

Published
2022
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28. Adoption and Optimization of Genomic Selection To Sustain Breeding for Apricot Fruit Quality

Author

Nsibi, Mariem, Gouble, Barbara, Bureau, Sylvie, Flutre, Timothée, Sauvage, Christopher, Audergon, Jean-Marc, Regnard, Jean-Luc, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon (Génétique Végétale) (GQE-Le Moulon), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
[SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, multivariate modeling, Models, Genetic, accuracy, prunus armeniaca, Bayes Theorem, Genomics, prediction, QH426-470, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, genetic architecture, genomic, Plant Breeding, Genomic Prediction, Fruit, shared data resources, Genetics, Animals, genpred, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Selection, Genetic, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Genome, Plant
Abstract

International audience; Genomic selection (GS) is a breeding approach which exploits genome-wide information and whose unprecedented success has shaped several animal and plant breeding schemes through delivering their genetic progress. This is the first study assessing the potential of GS in apricot (Prunus armeniaca) to enhance postharvest fruit quality attributes. Genomic predictions were based on a F1 pseudo-testcross population, comprising 153 individuals with contrasting fruit quality traits. They were phenotyped for physical and biochemical fruit metrics in contrasting climatic conditions over two years. Prediction accuracy (PA) varied from 0.31 for glucose content with the Bayesian LASSO (BL) to 0.78 for ethylene production with RR-BLUP, which yielded the most accurate predictions in comparison to Bayesian models and only 10% out of 61,030 SNPs were sufficient to reach accurate predictions. Useful insights were provided on the genetic architectureof apricot fruit quality whose integration in prediction models improved their performance, notably for traits governed by major QTL. Furthermore, multivariate modeling yielded promising outcomes in terms of PA within training partitions partially phenotyped for target traits. This provides a useful framework for the implementation of indirect selection based on easy-to-measure traits. Thus, we highlighted the main levers to take into account for the implementation of GS for fruit quality in apricot, but also to improve the genetic gain in perennial species.

Published
2020
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29. Effects of Fruit Cracking and Maturity Stage on Quality Attributes and Fatty Acid Composition of Pomegranate Seed Oils

Author

Faten Zaouay, Moufida Saidani Tounsi, Faouzia Mahjoub Haddada, Faten Boussaa, Marwa Brahem, Messaoud Mars, Institut supérieur agronomique de Chott Mariem, Université de Sousse, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj Cédria (Hammam-Lif, Tunisie)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, harvest date, Cracked fruit, Plant Science, Horticulture, Biology, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, POMEGRANATE SEED, 040502 food science, Punica granatum, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, Ecology, seed oil quality, Maturity (sedimentology), food and beverages, Fatty acid, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], variety, [SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biophysics, Cracking, chemistry, Composition (visual arts), Fatty acid composition, 0405 other agricultural sciences, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; The present study was conducted to determine the composition of pomegranate seed oils according to fruit cracking and maturity stage. Quality attributes and fatty acid profile of seed oils of intact and cracked fruits from two pomegranate varieties (Gabsi and Chelfi) were studied at two different harvest dates (1 September and mid October). The variety, harvest date, and fruit cracking were proved to affect significantly seed oil quality. Gabsi’ variety exhibited higher seed oil content and total phenolic content compared to those in ‘Chelfi’ fruits. However, seed oils from ‘Chelfi’ fruits were characterized by the highest amounts of palmitic, palmitoleic, linoleic, and stearic acids. Seeds from cracked fruits exhibited higher oil content than those in intact fruits. Fruit cracking increased the peroxide value, phenolconcentration, and the contents of linoleic, linolenic, catalpic, and erucic acids while decreased the β-carotene content. Changes occur in analytical parameters and fatty acid profile as the ripening process progressed. A significant decrease in free acidity content was noted while the peroxide value, the palmitic and linoleic acid contents increased with the delay of harvest. Therefore, the variety, fruit cracking, and harvest date contribute largely to the characteristics of pomegranate seed oils.

Published
2020
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30. The antioxidant capacity of foods: Myths and reality

Author

Olivier Dangles, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), and Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
0303 health sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Bioavailability, Oxidative stress, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, food and beverages, Polyphenols, Medicine (miscellaneous), Digestion, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Fruits and vegetables, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM]
Abstract

Resume Les composes reducteurs d’origine vegetale sont abondants dans l’alimentation, notamment les composes phenoliques (polyphenols). Ils sont trop souvent qualifies d’antioxydants alors que cette notion reste floue et ouverte aux abus. Certes, les polyphenols et autres micronutriments reducteurs peuvent contribuer a la protection des acides gras polyinsatures (AGPI) contre l’oxydation, non seulement dans les aliments (y compris en tant qu’additifs) mais aussi dans le tractus digestif. Cette aptitude peut etre sommairement evaluee par la capacite antioxydante totale (TAC) mais doit etre confirmee dans des tests plus elabores mettant en jeu les AGPI. Par contre, les crediter d’une activite antioxydante dans les tissus (au-dela du tractus digestif) sur la seule base d’une valeur TAC elevee est abusif, d’une part, parce que la lutte contre le stress oxydant chronique via une alimentation riche en produits vegetaux implique une grande variete de mecanismes et reste indissociable d’actions anti-inflammatoires, d’autre part, parce que les polyphenols subissent en general un fort catabolisme par le microbiote intestinal et sont distribues aux tissus sous la forme de metabolites de structures tres differentes de celles des formes initialement presentes dans l’aliment.

Published
2020
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31. Cuticular waxes of nectarines during fruit development in relation to surface conductance and susceptibility to Monilinia laxa

Author

Jean-Luc Poëssel, René Lessire, Leandro Oliveira Lino, Bénédicte Quilot-Turion, Marie-Noëlle Corre, Michel Génard, Claire Dufour, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ANR-11-INBS-0010,METABOHUB,Développement d'une infrastructure française distribuée pour la métabolomique dédiée à l'innovation(2011), ANR-10-LABX-0001,AGRO,Agricultural Sciences for sustainable Development(2010), and European Project: 265582,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2010-4,FRUIT BREEDOMICS(2011)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, animal structures, Physiology, Brown rot, Cuticle, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], cuticular waxes, Plant Science, Cutin, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Prunus, Ascomycota, Cultivar, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], fruit conductance, reproductive and urinary physiology, Prunus persica, Wax, biology, integumentary system, Chemistry, AcademicSubjects/SCI01210, fungi, food and beverages, Monilinia, fruit defence, 15. Life on land, triterpenoids, biology.organism_classification, Research Papers, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, Horticulture, 030104 developmental biology, visual_art, Fruit, Waxes, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Composition (visual arts), fruit development, Growth and Development, Monilinia laxa, 010606 plant biology & botany, phenolic derivatives
Abstract

Changes in the composition of nectarine cuticular waxes along with variations in fruit conductance and brown rot susceptibility during development suggest a role for cuticular waxes in fruit permeability and defence., The cuticle is composed of cutin and cuticular waxes, and it is the first protective barrier to abiotic and biotic stresses in fruit. In this study, we analysed the composition of and changes in cuticular waxes during fruit development in nectarine (Prunus persica L. Batsch) cultivars, in parallel with their conductance and their susceptibility to Monilinia laxa. The nectarine waxes were composed of triterpenoids, mostly ursolic and oleanolic acids, phytosterols, and very-long-chain aliphatics. In addition, we detected phenolic compounds that were esterified with sugars or with triterpenoids, which are newly described in cuticular waxes. We quantified 42 compounds and found that they changed markedly during fruit development, with an intense accumulation of triterpenoids during initial fruit growth followed by their decrease at the end of endocarp lignification and a final increase in very-long-chain alkanes and hydroxylated triterpenoids until maturity. The surface conductance and susceptibility to Monilinia decreased sharply at the beginning of endocarp lignification, suggesting that triterpenoid deposition could play a major role in regulating fruit permeability and susceptibility to brown rot. Our results provide new insights into the composition of cuticular waxes of nectarines and their changes during fruit development, opening new avenues of research to explore brown rot resistance factors in stone fruit.

Published
2020
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32. Iron-induced peroxidation of trilinolein nano-emulsions under model gastric conditions and its inhibition by dietary phenolic antioxidants

Author

Marie-José Vallier, Carine Le Bourvellec, Olivier Dangles, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), and Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Antioxidant, Iron, medicine.medical_treatment, Linoleic acid, medicine.disease_cause, Models, Biological, 01 natural sciences, Antioxidants, Lipid peroxidation, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Flavonols, Phenols, [SDV.BC.IC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB], medicine, Humans, Food science, Triglycerides, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, 010401 analytical chemistry, food and beverages, General Medicine, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, Metmyoglobin, Gastric Mucosa, Polyphenol, Emulsions, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Oxidation-Reduction, Oxidative stress, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; An early mechanism for the health benefits of dietary plant phenols is their antioxidant activity in the upper digestive tract. Indeed, these non-essential micronutrients abundant in fruits and vegetables can efficiently fight the iron-induced peroxidation of dietary lipids in the gastric compartment, a recognized form of postprandial oxidative stress. In this work, this phenomenon is investigated through a simple model based on nano-emulsions of trilinoleylglycerol, which permits a direct spectroscopic monitoring and mechanistic insights sustained by extensive kinetic analysis. Polyphenols belonging to the main dietary classes are tested, in particular, flavonols, anthocyanins, flavanols and oligomeric procyanidins. Overall, the common polyphenols tested are good inhibitors of lipid peroxidation induced by metmyoglobin (heme iron) in the early stage of digestion (pH 5–6). For instance, under our peroxidation conditions (2 μM heme, 0.7 mM linoleic acid equivalent, 4.5 mM Brij®35), IC50 concentrations in the range 0.4–1.9 μM were estimated for the set of polyphenols, with oligomeric procyanidins being less inhibitory than the flavanol monomers. However, the polyphenols are ineffective at lower pH (pH 4) when the hematin cofactor is dissociated from its protein (globin). On the other hand, a moderate protection against lipid peroxidation induced by free iron (e.g., released by the oxidative degradation of hematin) persists. This protocol, which combines simplicity and nutritional relevance, could provide a basis for standard tests aimed at assessing the antioxidant capacity of foods and food additives.

Published
2020
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33. Effects of the apple matrix on the postprandial bioavailability of flavan-3-ols and nutrigenomic response of apple polyphenols in minipigs challenged with a high fat meal

Author

Christine Morand, Geoffrey Istas, Claire Dufour, Didier Rémond, Dominique Bayle, Caroline Buffière, Sylvie Mercier, Dragan Milenkovic, Laurent-Emmanuel Monfoulet, Céline Boby, Ana Rodriguez-Mateos, Carine Le Bourvellec, Patrick Borel, Monfoulet, Laurent-Emmanuel, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), King‘s College London, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, King's College London's Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and University of Reading (UOR)

Subjects
Male, Swine, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Biological Availability, Diet, High-Fat, Peripheral blood mononuclear cell, Random Allocation, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nutrigenomics, Flavan, Gene expression, Animals, Food science, 030304 developmental biology, Flavonoids, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Meal, Microarray analysis techniques, Polyphenols, General Medicine, Postprandial Period, Bioavailability, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Postprandial, chemistry, Polyphenol, Malus, bacteria, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; Food matrix interactions with polyphenols can affect their bioavailability and as a consequence may modulate their biological effects. The aim of this study was to determine if the matrix and its processing would modulate the bioavailability and the postprandial nutrigenomic response to a dietary inflammatory stress of apple flavan-3-ol monomers. We carried out an acute randomized controlled study in minipigs challenged with a high fat meal (HFM) supplemented with raw fruit, puree, or apple phenolic extract with matched content of flavan-3-ol monomers. Fasting and postprandial blood samples were collected over 3 h to quantify flavan-3-ol monomers in sera by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and to isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) for assessing the changes in the gene expression profile using a microarray analysis. When compared to the extract-supplemented meal, the peak of the total flavan-3-ol concentration was reduced by half with both raw apple and puree supplements. The apple matrices also affected the gene expression profile as revealed by the Principal Component Analysis of the microarray data from PBMCs which discriminated the supplementation of HFM with the polyphenol extract from those with raw apples or puree. A total of 309 genes were identified as differentially expressed by the apple-derived products compared to HFM, with 63% modulated only in the presence of the food matrix (apple and puree). The number of differentially modulated genes was higher with the puree (246) than with the unprocessed apple (182). Pathway enrichment analyses revealed that genes affected by the apple-derived products control inflammation and leukocyte transendothelial migration both involved in the onset of atherosclerotic processes. Overall, this study showed that the two apple matrices reduce the postprandial serum concentration of flavon-3-ols whereas they increase the nutrigenomic response of PBMCs. The biological processes identified as modulated by the apple products suggest an attenuation of the transient proinflammatory response induced by a HFM. The differences observed between the nutrigenomic responses support that the apple matrix and its processing affect the nutrigenomic response, probably by increasing the bioavailability of other apple phytochemicals. To conclude, this study raises awareness for considering the impact of the food matrix and its processing on the biological response of polyphenols in nutritional studies.

Published
2020
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34. Reduction of pulse 'antinutritional' content by optimizing pulse canning process is insufficient to improve fat-soluble vitamin bioavailability

Author

Emmanuelle Reboul, Stéphane Georgé, Fabien Aupy, Charles Desmarchelier, Tiffany Antoine, Sarah Gervais, Charlotte Halimi, Grégory Marconot, Alexandre Leca, Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre Technique de la Conservation des Produits Agricole, Site Agroparc (CTCPA), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), and Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Vitamin, Lutein, Vitamin K, Phytic Acid, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Blanching, medicine.medical_treatment, Biological Availability, Germination, Bioaccessibility, Analytical Chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Vitamin D and neurology, medicine, Humans, Tannin, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Food science, Vitamin D, Caco-2 cells, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Vitamin E, Chickpeas, Vitamins, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Saponins, 040401 food science, Bioavailability, Fat-Soluble Vitamin, chemistry, Digestion, Tannins, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science, Phytates
Abstract

International audience; Some bioactive compounds found in pulses (phytates, saponins, tannins) display antinutritional properties and interfere with fat-soluble vitamin bioavailability (i.e., bioaccessibility and intestinal uptake). As canned chickpeas are consumed widely, our aim was to optimize the chickpea canning process and assess whether this optimization influences fat-soluble vitamin bioavailability. Different conditions during soaking and blanching were studied, as was a step involving prior germination. Proteins, lipids, fibers, vitamin E, lutein, 5-methyl-tetrahydro-folate, magnesium, iron, phytates, saponins and tannins were quantified. Bioaccessibility and intestinal uptake of vitamin D and K were assessed using in vitro digestion and Caco-2 cells, respectively. Significant reductions of phytate, saponin and tannin contents (− 16 to − 44%), but also of folate content (up to − 97%) were observed under optimized canning conditions compared with the control. However, bioaccessibility and cellular uptake of vitamin D and K remained unaffected after in vitro digestion of test meals containing control or optimized canned chickpeas.

Published
2022
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35. Heme A Synthase Deficiency Affects the Ability of Bacillus cereus to Adapt to a Nutrient-Limited Environment

Author

Alice Chateau, Béatrice Alpha-Bazin, Jean Armengaud, Catherine Duport, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Service de Chimie Bio-Organique et de Marquage (SCBM), Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
aerobic respiration, Chemistry, Bacillus cereus, QH301-705.5, proteome, fungi, heme A synthase, Biology (General), QD1-999, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology
Abstract

The branched aerobic respiratory chain in Bacillus cereus comprises three terminal oxidases: cytochromes aa3, caa3, and bd. Cytochrome caa3 requires heme A for activity, which is produced from heme O by heme A synthase (CtaA). In this study, we deleted the ctaA gene in B. cereus AH187 strain, this deletion resulted in loss of cytochrome caa3 activity. Proteomics data indicated that B. cereus grown in glucose-containing medium compensates for the loss of cytochrome caa3 activity by remodeling its respiratory metabolism. This remodeling involves up-regulation of cytochrome aa3 and several proteins involved in redox stress response—to circumvent sub-optimal respiratory metabolism. CtaA deletion changed the surface-composition of B. cereus, affecting its motility, autoaggregation phenotype, and the kinetics of biofilm formation. Strikingly, proteome remodeling made the ctaA mutant more resistant to cold and exogenous oxidative stresses compared to its parent strain. Consequently, we hypothesized that ctaA inactivation could improve B. cereus fitness in a nutrient-limited environment.

Published
2022
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36. Livre blanc - Octobre 2022 Protéines végétales pour une santé globale : identification des connaissances, verrous et leviers pour leur développement dans l'alimentation humaine

Author

Durand Tardif, Mylène, Cailliatte, Remi, Carré, Patrick, Della Valle, Guy, Enjalbert, Jérôme, Gallardo, Karine, Gaudichon, Claire, Guyon, Jean-Baptiste, Jézéquel, Stéphane, Lorinet, Ingrid, Magrini, Marie-Benoît, Ravel, Catherine, Renard, Catherine, Saint Eve, Anne, Plantalliance, Consortium, PlantAlliance, Oléad, Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon (Génétique Végétale) (GQE-Le Moulon), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (PNCA (UMR 0914)), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), GREENTECH, ARVALIS - Institut du végétal [Paris], AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département Aliments, produits biosourcés et déchets - INRAE (TRANSFORM), Qualiment, and Plant2Pro

Subjects
[SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, [SDV.BV.AP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Plant breeding, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Agronomie, Biologie Végétale, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Nutrition humaine, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Transformation
Abstract

Son périmètre concerne la biologie végétale, l'agronomie, la transformation et la nutrition humaine.

Published
2022

37. Identification of Bacillus strains producing glycosidases active on rutin and grape glycosidic aroma precursors

Author

Thi Kim Chi Nguyen, Hélène Licandro, Sandrine Perino, Yves Waché, Aurélie Cendres, Maxime Haure, Food Biotech&Innovation (FBI), Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques [Dijon] (PAM), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, International Joint Laboratory Tropical Bioresources & Biotechnology [Hanoi] (SBFT), Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), Atelier du Fruit, Partenaires INRAE, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), and Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Rutin, Grape, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Bacillus licheniformis, Glycoside hydrolase, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Food science, Glycosides, Aroma, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, 010401 analytical chemistry, Pomace, Glycoside, Glycosidic bond, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, 040401 food science, 0104 chemical sciences, Glycosidase, chemistry, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; Most of the glycosidic aroma precursors in grape consist of diglycosides such as rutinoside. Yeast glycosidases have been extensively studied but their activity is limited to monoglucosidic precursors. Yet, there is no study about application of glycosidases active on rutinoside in grape. In this study, we screened Bacillus isolates for their glycosidase activities on rutin and grape aroma precursors. One Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and one Bacillus licheniformis strains produced extracellular glycosidases, active on both rutin and para-nitrophenol-α-l-rhamnoside. The specific rutinosidic activities were 14 and 9.0 μkat/mg respectively, and supernatants were active on Muscat grape glycosidic aroma precursors. Both strains were able to release monoterpenoids and benzenoids. The most released monoterpenoid in grape pomace was neric acid, with 378 μg/kg and the most released benzenoid was 2-phenylethanol, with 189 μg/kg for B. licheniformis. These glycosidases are interesting tools to target rutinosidic glycosides in grape and can be applied as a new way of valorising grape pomace.

Published
2022
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38. 'How to Select a Representative Product Set From Market Inventory?' A Multicriteria Approach as a Base for Future Reformulation of Cookies

Author

Liechti, Carole, Delarue, Julien, Souchon, Isabelle, Bosc, Véronique, Saint-Eve, Anne, Paris-Saclay Food and Bioproduct Engineering (SayFood), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and European Project

Subjects
market inventory, Nutrition and Dietetics, nutrition, Agricultural Biotechnology, multiple criteria, Zero Hunger, health, sample selection, Cardiovascular, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Oral and gastrointestinal, Original Research, food reformulation
Abstract

International audience; Consuming too much fat, sugar, and salt is associated with adverse health outcomes. Food reformulation is one possible strategy to enhance the food environment by improving the nutritional quality of commercial products. However, food reformulation faces many hindrances. One way to alleviate some of these hindrances is to embrace a multicriteria approach that is based on a market inventory. In this objective, additional sensory screening and water content analyses allow going beyond nutrition and composition information on the packaging. However, due to feasibility reasons for later in-depth analyses, it is necessary to work with several reduced and manageable products. To the best of the authors' knowledge, in the literature, there is no sample selection approach taking into account multiple criteria as a base for future food reformulation. The overall aim of this paper is to propose a method to select the best representative products from the market base, for future reformulation by going beyond nutrition and composition information on the packaging. This approach considered therefore nutrition, composition, economic, water content, and sensory information with the example of the cookies market. The first step is the creation of an extensive cookie database including sensory and water content information. In total 178 cookies among the French market were identified, then focus was placed on 62 chocolate chip cookies only. Sensory screening and water content analyses of all 62 products were conducted. The second step is to make an informed subset selection, thanks to a cluster analysis based on 11 nutrition, composition, and water content variables. A representative subset of 18 cookies could be derived from the obtained clusters. The representativity was evaluated with statistical uni- and multivariate analyses. Results showed a broad variety of chocolate chips cookies with a large nutritional, compositional, water content, and sensory differences. These results highlighted the first paths for future reformulation in this product category and showed the importance to include physical product information beyond the information on the packaging. This complete database on the selected cookies constituted a solid base for identifying future reformulation levers, in order to improve the nutritional quality and health.

Published
2022
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39. Review: Quality of animal-source foods

Author

Florence Lefèvre, B. Lebret, S. Le Perchec, Pierre-Sylvain Mirade, Catherine Donnars, Pierre Sans, Agnès Girard, Fabrice Pierre, S. Prache, B. Martin, Antoine Clinquart, M. Raulet, Laurent Guillier, Didier Rémond, Joël Gautron, Véronique Santé-Lhoutellier, C. Adamiec, P.E. Bouillot, E. Baéza-Campone, E. Fourat, Thierry Astruc, Cyril Feidt, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Isabelle Souchon, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Qualité des Produits Animaux (QuaPA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), AgroParisTech, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire [Liège], Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) (UMR MoISA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des Poissons (LPGP), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Direction pour la Science Ouverte (DipSO), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Prévention et promotion de la cancérogénèse par les aliments (ToxAlim-PPCA), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Direction de l'Expertise scientifique collective, de la Prospective et des Etudes, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), This work was carried out with funds from the French Ministry of Agriculture and Food (agreement No 2017-424-2102316438) and the FranceAgriMer agency (agreement No 181911)., La qualité des aliments d'origine animale selon les conditions de production et de transformation. Rapport de l'Expertise scientifique collective, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Alimentation et sciences sociales (ALISS), and Université de Tours-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Male, Livestock, Meat, Meat packing industry, Swine, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, media_common.quotation_subject, Eggs, Nutritional Status, Dairy, 03 medical and health sciences, Animal source foods, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Animals, Production (economics), Quality (business), Marketing, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, Consumption (economics), 0303 health sciences, business.industry, 0402 animal and dairy science, Human health, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Animal Feed, 040201 dairy & animal science, 3. Good health, Fish, Agriculture, [SDV.SA.SPA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies, Food processing, Animal Science and Zoology, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

International audience; This article critically reviews the current state of knowledge on the quality of animal-source foods according to animal production and food processing conditions, including consumer expectations-behaviours and the effects of consumption of animal-source foods on human health. Quality has been defined through seven core attributes: safety, commercial, sensory, nutritional, technological, convenience, and image. Image covers ethical, cultural and environmental dimensions associated with the origin of the food and the way it is produced and processed. This framework enabled to highlight the priorities given to the different quality attributes. It also helped to identify potential antagonisms and synergies among quality attributes, between production and processing stages, and among stakeholders. Primacy is essentially given to commercial quality attributes, especially for standard commodity animal-source foods. This primacy has strongly influenced genetic selection and farming practices in all livestock commodity chains and enabled substantial quantitative gains, although at the expense of other quality traits. Focal issues are the destructuration of chicken muscle that compromises sensory, nutritional and image quality attributes, and the fate of males in the egg and dairy sectors, which have heavily specialised their animals. Quality can be gained but can also be lost throughout the farm-to-fork continuum. Our review highlights critical factors and periods throughout animal production and food processing routes, such as on-farm practices, notably animal feeding, preslaughter and slaughter phases, food processing techniques, and food formulation. It also reveals on-farm and processing factors that create antagonisms among quality attributes, such as the castration of male pigs, the substitution of marine-source feed by plant-based feed in fish, and the use of sodium nitrite in meat processing. These antagonisms require scientific data to identify trade-offs among quality attributes and/or solutions to help overcome these tensions. However, there are also food products that value synergies between quality attributes and between production and processing phases, particularly Geographical Indications, such as for cheese and dry-cured ham. Human epidemiological studies have found associations between consumption of animal-source foods and increased or decreased risk for chronic non-communicable diseases. These associations have informed public health recommendations. However, they have not yet considered animal production and food processing conditions. A concerted and collaborative effort is needed from scientists working in animal science, food process engineering, consumer science, human nutrition and epidemiology in order to address this research gap. Avenues for research and main options for policy action are discussed

Published
2022
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40. Identification and characterization of the main peptides in pea protein isolates using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and bioinformatics tools

Author

Lydie Oliveira Correia, Audrey Cosson, Nicolas Descamps, Isabelle Souchon, Anne Saint-Eve, Paris-Saclay Food and Bioproduct Engineering (SayFood), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ROQUETTE Frères, MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and French National Research and Technology Agency - ANRT-CIFRE 2017/0815

Subjects
Chromatography, Protein family, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Chemistry, Pea protein, 010401 analytical chemistry, Computational Biology, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Mass spectrometry, 040401 food science, 01 natural sciences, Mass Spectrometry, 0104 chemical sciences, Analytical Chemistry, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Ultra high performance, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], Peptides, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Food Science, Pea Proteins
Abstract

International audience; Pea protein isolates are a source of high-quality plant proteins. However, from a sensory perspective, they are usually described as having strong beany and bitter notes, which arise from a complex mixture of volatiles, phytochemicals, and peptides. The aim of this study was to identify the main peptides in isolates and examine their correlations with sensory perceptions. Thus, 28 solutions containing different mixtures of pea protein fractions were assessed. Any peptides present were identified and characterized using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. There were a total of 3,005 unique peptides representing various protein families; 1,640 and 275 peptides were correlated with broth and bitter attributes, respectively. In particular, 14 peptides with short sequences (

Published
2022
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41. Interactions between heterogeneous cell walls and two procyanidins: Insights from the effects of chemical composition and physical structure

Author

Xuwei Liu, Catherine M.G.C. Renard, Sylvie Bureau, Carine Le Bourvellec, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), TRANSFORM Division (INRAE), and Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
food.ingredient, porosity, Pectin, General Chemical Engineering, polysaccharides, 02 engineering and technology, Polysaccharide, Cell wall, Human health, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, food, Physical structure, Molecular size, [SDV.BC.IC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB], Condensed tannins, Food science, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], Chemical composition, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, Chemistry, Polyphenols, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 040401 food science, composition, 0210 nano-technology, Digestion, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, adsorptions, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; Cell wall polysaccharides (CWPs) and phenolic substances, e.g., procyanidins, widely co-exist in fruit and vegetables and interact in complex patterns during chewing, food processing and in vivo digestion, impacting the food physicochemical and nutritional qualities. Interactions were characterized between two procyanidins and heterogeneous CWPs (four native and twelve modified) from apple, beet and kiwifruit presenting various chemical compositions and physical structures. ATR-FTIR discriminated the complexes from the initial purified procyanidins and CWPs. Langmuir isotherms and ITC indicated that native CWPs, from all botanical origins, had a higher affinity for procyanidins than the modified ones, which were all poorer in pectins. The CWPs thatinteract more with procyanidins were characterized by their high pectin content and linearity, and high porosity. Increasing the molecular size of procyanidins increased their complexation with CWPs. This work is an important guide to the encapsulation and controlled release of active compounds and the subsequent respective digestive behavior and human health.

Published
2021
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42. Three Distinct Proteases Are Responsible for Overall Cell Surface Proteolysis in Streptococcus thermophilus

Author

Christine Mézange, Véronique Monnet, Lydie Oliveira Correia, Rozenn Gardan, Thierry Meylheuc, Coralie Metton, Vincent Juillard, Mylène Boulay, MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), DuPont Health & Nutrition, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), and Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Streptococcus thermophilus, Proteases, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Proteolysis, medicine.medical_treatment, Cell, Cell morphology, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, cell surface proteolysis, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacterial Proteins, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], medicine, Protein biosynthesis, 030304 developmental biology, SepM, 0303 health sciences, Protease, Ecology, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, 030306 microbiology, Chemistry, peptidomics, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Streptococcus mutans, HtrA, PrtS, medicine.anatomical_structure, Biochemistry, Food Microbiology, Peptide Hydrolases, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract

International audience; The lactic acid bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus was believed to display only two distinct proteases at the cell surface, namely, the cell envelope protease PrtS and the housekeeping protease HtrA. Using peptidomics, we demonstrate here the existence of an additional active cell surface protease, which shares significant homology with the SepM protease of Streptococcus mutans. Although all threeproteases—PrtS, HtrA, and SepM—are involved in the turnover of surface proteins, they demonstrate distinct substrate specificities. In particular, SepM cleaves proteins involved in cell wall metabolism and cell elongation, and its inactivation has consequences for cell morphology. When all three proteases are inactivated, the residual cell-surface proteolysis of S. thermophilus is approximately 5% of that of the wildtype strain.IMPORTANCE Streptococcus thermophilus is a lactic acid bacterium used widely as a starter in the dairy industry. Due to its “generally recognized as safe” status and its weak cell surface proteolytic activity, it is also considered a potential bacterial vector for heterologous protein production. Our identification of a new cell surface protease made it possible to construct a mutant strain with a 95% reduction in surface proteolysis, which could be useful in numerous biotechnological applications

Published
2021
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43. Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation of Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) Terpenes: A Pilot-Scale Study

Author

Lorenzo Lamberti, Diego Carnaroglio, Giancarlo Cravotto, Lorenzo Gallina, Farid Chemat, Giorgio Grillo, DSTF - University of Turin, University of Turin, Baladin S, Agricola, Milestone s.r.l., Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), and Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
hops (Humulus lupulus L.), Health (social science), Humulus lupulus, Green extraction, Hops (Humulus lupulus L.), Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation, Pilot-scale extraction, Ter-penes, Fraction (chemistry), 02 engineering and technology, Plant Science, TP1-1185, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Health Professions (miscellaneous), Microbiology, Article, Hop (networking), [SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph], Matrix (chemical analysis), Terpene, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Food science, pilot-scale extraction, biology, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, Chemical technology, Extraction (chemistry), Pilot scale, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, biology.organism_classification, microwave-assisted hydrodistillation, 0104 chemical sciences, Yield (chemistry), 0210 nano-technology, terpenes, Food Science
Abstract

Interest in essential oils has consistently increased in recent years. Essential oils have a large variety of applications in multiple fields, including in the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. The volatile fraction (VF) in hops (Humulus lupulus L.) fits within this domain as it is primarily used in the brewery industry for the aromatization of beer, and is responsible for the floral and fruity tones. This work aims to design an optimized extraction protocol of the VF from hops, using microwaves. Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) has been developed to reduce energy and time consumption in lab-scale reactors up to industrial-scale systems. Hops are principally available in three forms, according to a brewery’s applications: (i) fresh (FH), (ii) dried (DH) and (iii) pelletized (PH). In this work, all three forms have therefore been studied and the recovered volatiles characterized by means of GC-MS. The optimized lab-scale MAHD protocol gave the best extraction yield of 20.5 mLVF/kgdry matrix for FH. This value underwent a slight contraction when working at the highest matrix amount (3 kg), with 17.3 mLVF/kgdry matrix being achieved. Further tests were then performed in a pilot reactor that is able to process 30 kg of material. In this case, high yield increases were observed for PH and DH, quadruple and double the lab-scale yields, respectively. In addition, this industrial-scale system also provided marked energy savings, practically halving the absorbed kJ/mLVF.

Published
2021
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44. Pectin degradation accounts for apple tissue fragmentation during thermomechanical-mediated puree production

Author

Xavier Falourd, Alexandre Leca, Agnès Rolland-Sabaté, Catherine M.G.C. Renard, Alexandra Buergy, Loïc Foucat, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), INRA Plateforme BIBS, Unité de Recherche Biopolymères, Interactions, Assemblages, TRANSFORM Division (INRAE), Agropolis Fondation : 1603-001, Plat-form 3A facilities - European Regional Development Fund, French Ministry of Research, Higher Education and Innovation, Region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, Departmental Council of Vaucluse, Urban Community of Avignon., and ANR-11-INBS-0012,PHENOME,Centre français de phénomique végétale(2011)

Subjects
food.ingredient, Pectin, Rhamnose, Cell separation, General Chemical Engineering, 01 natural sciences, Viscosity, chemistry.chemical_compound, Polysaccharide, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, food, 0103 physical sciences, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Side chain, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Food science, Texture, Fragmentation (cell biology), 2. Zero hunger, 010304 chemical physics, Malus x domestica borkh, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Chemistry, Particle size, 040401 food science, chemistry, Degradation (geology), Composition (visual arts), Rheology, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; The relationship between fruit and puree's characteristics is still poorly understood. In particular, it is not understood how pectin solubilisation and degradation alter the texture of plant-cell dispersions and how a targeted application of processing conditions can be used to design naturally textured food products. Systematic combinations of thermal and mechanical treatments with three different temperatures (70, 83, 95 degrees C) and grinding speeds (300, 1000, 3000 rpm), applied on one-month (T1) and six-months stored (T6) apples, were used to generate apple purees with contrasted structural and textural characteristics. For T1, serum viscosity increased with increasing temperature (8-104 mPa.s) with a marked increase in pectin solubilisation (1-6 mg/g serum). Pectin macromolecular size and (arabinose + galactose)/rhamnose ratio, estimating pectin side chain branching, decreased with temperature. For T6, pectin showed decreased galactose, leading to facilitated cell separation, low serum viscosity (similar to 16 mPa.s) and restricted impact of process conditions on pectin composition and structure. Grinding had limited impact on pectin solubilisation for T1 and T6 but strongly impacted particle size (498-1096 mu m for T1 or 320-1068 mu m for T6) and puree's viscosity (871-1475 mPa.s for T1 or 853-1453 mPa.s for T6). Tissue fragmentation was favoured by temperature increase for T1 and by the maturation of raw apples. Process parameters induced differences in the puree's structure and texture depending on the maturation level of raw apples. The observed changes were linked to pectin degradation and substantial side chain loss.

Published
2021
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45. Novel Insights on the Sustainable Wet Mode Fractionation of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens) into Lipids, Proteins and Chitin

Author

Jérôme Costil, Farid Chemat, Maryline Abert Vian, Harish Karthikeyan Ravi, Christophe Trespeuch, Côme Guidou, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Mutatec

Subjects
Hermetia illucens, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Linoleic acid, Bioengineering, Fraction (chemistry), Fractionation, TP1-1185, functional ingredients, 7. Clean energy, [SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph], lipids, 03 medical and health sciences, Ingredient, chemistry.chemical_compound, Hydrolysis, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, black soldier fly larvae, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous), Press cake, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Food science, QD1-999, 0303 health sciences, biology, Process Chemistry and Technology, Chemical technology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, wet mode fractionation, 040401 food science, Lauric acid, proteins, Chemistry, chemistry, sustainable
Abstract

The black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) is a sustainable ingredient for feed applications, biofuels, composite materials and other biobased products. Processing BSFL to obtain lipid and protein fractions with enhanced functional properties as a suitable replacement for conventional feed ingredients has gained considerable momentum. In this regard, a novel and sustainable wet mode fractionation (WMF) scheme for BSFL was explored. Fresh BSFL were steam blanched and pulped to obtain BSFL juice and juice press cake. Subsequent treatment of BSFL juice employing homogenization or enzyme incubation and further centrifugation resulted in the obtention of four different BSFL fractions (Lipid—LF, Cream—CF, Aqueous—AF, and Solid—SF). Total energy consumption for a batch BSFL (500 g) WMF process was 0.321 kWh. Aqueous and solid fractions were the predominant constituents of BSFL juice. Lauric acid (44.52–49.49%) and linoleic acid (19.12–20.12%) were the primary fatty acids present in BSFL lipids. Lipid hydrolysis was observed in lipids belonging to the solid (free fatty acids &gt, triacylglycerides) and cream fractions. Aqueous fraction proteins (ctrl) displayed superior emulsion stability and foam capacity than other treatments. Juice press cake retained 60% of the total chitin content and the rest, 40%, was found in the solid fraction (ctrl). The material distribution of principal constituents in different fractions of the WMF process and amino acid profile was elucidated. Overall, the versatile WMF process proposed in this study involves simple unit operations to obtain functional ingredients from BSFL, which can be further explored by researchers and industry stakeholders.

Published
2021
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46. Alternative and sustainable solvents for green analytical chemistry

Author

Farid Chemat, Nadine Vallet, David Touboul, Ombéline Claux, Maryline Abert-Vian, Cyrille Santerre, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Pennakem Europa, Institut supérieur international du parfum, de la cosmétique et de l'aromatique alimentaire (ISIPCA), Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Computer science, High selectivity, Analytical chemistry, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Catalysis, 12. Responsible consumption, Hazardous waste, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Sample preparation, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Solvency, Ideal (set theory), Low toxicity, Process Chemistry and Technology, 010406 physical chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, 13. Climate action, Chemistry (miscellaneous), [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/Other, [CHIM.CHEM]Chemical Sciences/Cheminformatics, Renewable resource
Abstract

International audience; Analytical chemistry relies massively on solvents, which are generally petroleum-based and have hazardous effects. The ideal alternative solvents suitable for analysis should have high selectivity, solvency, low toxicity, and low environmental impacts, be easily biodegradable and recyclable, and be obtained from renewable resources at a reasonable price. Obviously, finding the ideal solvent that meets all the aforementioned requirements is a big challenge. Therefore, theselection of the optimum solvent will always be a compromise depending on the extraction procedure, the analytical method, the matrix, and the target molecules. In this current opinion, we provide an instantaneous picture of current knowledge on alternative and sustainable solvents used in analytical laboratories either for sample preparation or analysis in terms of innovation and development of safe products and procedures.

Published
2021
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47. Mid-infrared technique to forecast cooked puree properties from raw apples: A potential strategy towards sustainability and precision processing

Author

Sylvie Bureau, Weijie Lan, Alexandra Buergy, Songchao Chen, Catherine M.G.C. Renard, Benoit Jaillais, Alexandre Leca, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), TRANSFORM Division (INRAE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Statistique, Sensométrie et Chimiométrie (StatSC), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), InfoSol (InfoSol), and ANR-10-LABX-0001,AGRO,Agricultural Sciences for sustainable Development(2010)

Subjects
Spectrophotometry, Infrared, Food Handling, Mid infrared, Cold storage, PLS models, Titratable acid, Raw material, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Soluble solids, Partial least squares regression, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Food science, Cooking, Least-Squares Analysis, Quality characteristics, Mathematics, Mid infrared spectroscopy, Viscosity, 010401 analytical chemistry, fungi, food and beverages, Green Chemistry Technology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, 040401 food science, Discriminant analysis, 0104 chemical sciences, Process conditions, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], Fruit, Malus, Taste, Direct standardization, Malus x domestica Borkh, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; The potential of MIRS was investigated to: i) differentiate cooked purees issued from different apples and process conditions, and ii) predict the puree quality characteristics from the spectra of homogenized raw apples. Partial least squares (PLS) regression was tested both, on the real spectra of cooked purees and their reconstructed spectra calculated from the spectra of homogenized raw apples by direct standardization. The cooked purees were well-classified according to apple thinning practices and cold storage durations, and to different heating and grinding conditions. PLS models using the spectra of homogenized raw apples can anticipate the titratable acidity (the residual predictive deviation (RPD) = 2.9), soluble solid content (RPD = 2.8), particle averaged size (RPD = 2.6) and viscosity (RPD ≥ 2.5) of cooked purees. MIR technique can provide sustainable evaluations of puree quality, and even forecast texture and taste of purees based on the prior information of raw materials.

Published
2021
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48. Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction of Thymus mastichina Essential Oil: Influence on Their Chemical Composition and on the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities

Author

Xavier Fernandez, Sandrine Perino, Farid Chemat, Maximiano P. Ribeiro, Paula Coutinho, Cassandra Cunha, Luisa Jordao, Márcio Rodrigues, Jesus M. Rodilla, André R. T. S. Araujo, Lúcia Silva, Polytechnic Institute of Guarda (IPG), REQUIMTE/LAQV, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centro de Investigaçao Em Ciencias da Saúde - Health Sciences Research Center - University of Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS), National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, and Fiber Materials and Environmental Technologies (FibEnTech)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, thymus mastichina, Thymus mastichina, Pharmaceutical Science, green extraction, 01 natural sciences, Large Scale, essential oil, law.invention, Steam distillation, chemistry.chemical_compound, Pharmacy and materia medica, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, law, Drug Discovery, Green Extraction, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], Essential oil, Solvent-free Microwave Extraction, solvent-free microwave extraction, Chromatography, Chemistry, Extraction (chemistry), 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Dry distillation, 040401 food science, Essential Oil, RS1-441, Solvent, Eucalyptol, 13. Climate action, Yield (chemistry), large scale, Medicine, Molecular Medicine, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

This article belongs to the Special Issue Antiradical, Chemopreventive and Antimicrobial Analysis of Bioactive Substances Solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) is a combination of microwave heating and dry distillation performed at atmospheric pressure without the addition of water or organic solvents that has been proposed as a green method for the extraction of essential oils from aromatic and medicinal herbs. In this work, SFME and the conventional techniques of steam distillation (SD) and hydrodistillation (HD) were compared with respect to the extraction and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Thymus mastichina essential oil. The main constituent of essential oils obtained using different methods was 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol). The results showed that the essential oils extracted by means of SFME in 30 min were quantitatively (yield) and qualitatively (aromatic profile) similar to those obtained using conventional HD over 120 min. In addition, SFME generates less waste and less solvent, consumes less energy, and provides a higher yield for a shorter extraction time, which is advantageous for the extraction of the T. mastichina essential oil compared to SD. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the T. mastichina essential oil obtained from either SFME or conventional extraction methods (SD or HD) showed a similar pattern. Large-scale experiments using this SFME procedure showed a potential industrial application. The authors acknowledge the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER), and COMPETE 2020 for their financial support under theresearch project “The development of dermo-biotechnological applications using natural resourcesin the Beira and Serra da Estrela regions—DermoBio”, ref. SAICT-POL/23925/2016, presentedin the Notice for the Presentation of Applications No. 02/SAICT/2016—Scientific Research andTechnological Development Projects (IC & DT) in Co-Promotion (PDF) Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction of Thymus mastichina Essential Oil: Influence on Their Chemical Composition and on the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2021
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49. ATR-FTIR, an integrated tool to evaluate rheological, structural and biochemical variations during purees processing

Author

Lan, Weijie, Leca, Alexandre, Jaillais, Benoît, Renard, Catherine, Bureau, Sylvie, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Statistique, Sensométrie et Chimiométrie (StatSC), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Leca, Alexandre

Subjects
[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, [SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

50. Short-Chain and Unsaturated Fatty Acids Increase Sequentially From the Lag Phase During Cold Growth of Bacillus cereus

Author

Véronique Broussolle, Marina Français, Christophe Nguyen-The, Claire Dargaignaratz, Romain Bott, Christian Ginies, Frédéric Carlin, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and ANR-15-CE21-0011,OPTICOLD,Pour une éco-conception de la chaîne du froid : optimisation de la consommation énergétique, de la sécurité, de la qualité et de la durée de vie des aliments réfrigérés.(2015)

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Lag, short-chain fatty acids, Bacillus cereus, kinetic, fatty acids, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Phase (matter), Food science, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Degree of unsaturation, biology, 030306 microbiology, Chemistry, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, QR1-502, Cereus, Cold adaptation, cold adaptation, lag phase, Gas chromatography, unsaturated fatty acids, Mesophile
Abstract

Fatty acids of two mesophilic and one psychrotrophic strains of the foodborne pathogen Bacillus cereus were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry during growth at cold (10 and 12°C) vs. optimal (30°C) temperatures and during the whole growth process (6–7 sampling times) from lag to stationary phase. In all these strains, a sequential change of fatty acids during cold growth was observed. Fatty acids were modified as soon as the end of lag, with an increase of the short-chain fatty acids (less than 15 carbons), particularly i13. These short-chain fatty acids then reached a maximum at the beginning of growth and eventually decreased to their initial level, suggesting their importance as a rapid cold adaptation mechanism for B. cereus. In a second step, an increase in Δ5,10 di-saturated fatty acids and in monounsaturated fatty acids in Δ5 position, at the expense of unsaturation in Δ10, started during exponential phase and continued until the end of stationary phase, suggesting a role in growth consolidation and survival at cold temperatures. Among these unsaturated fatty acids, those produced by unsaturation of n16 increased in the three strains, whereas other unsaturated fatty acids increased in some strains only. This study highlights the importance of kinetic analysis of fatty acids during cold adaptation.

Published
2021
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