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Cet article présente une synthèse d’une recherche menée en 2017-2018 dans le cadre du master Recherche en éducation, didactique et formation de l’université de Cergy-Pontoise. Notre recherche visait à décrire les effets d’un cercle pédagogique et de temps de micro-enseignement sur le regard professionnel, les pratiques pédagogiques des enseignants de cycle 2 et cycle 3 et les résultats de leurs élèves en orthographe grammaticale. Elle cherche à éclairer les conditions d’efficacité d’une formation continue sur différentes dimensions du développement professionnel au regard de la formation elle-même et de son effet sur le transfert des pratiques en classe et sur les résultats des élèves. This article summarises the main results of a study conducted in 2017-2018, as part of the master’s degree programme in Research, Didactics and Training at Cergy-Pontoise University. Our research aims to describe the effects of video club and micro-teaching sessions on the professional gaze, on the teaching practices of teachers of cycle 2 and cycle 3 and on their pupils’ results in grammatical spelling. It aims to clarify the prerequisites for effective in-service training covering different aspects of professional development in terms of the training itself and its effect on the transfer of effective practices in the classroom and on pupils’ results.

This article summarises the main results of a research conducted in 2017-2018 as part of the master degree in Research, Didactics and Training of Cergy-Pontoise University. Our research aims to describe the effects of a video club device and of micro-teaching moments on the professional gaze, on teaching practices of teachers of cycle 2 and cycle 3 and on the results of their students in grammatical spelling. It aims to clarify the conditions required for an efficient in-service training, affecting different aspects of professional development with regard to the training itself and its effect on the transfer of effective practices in the classroom and on the results of students., Cet article présente une synthèse d’une recherche menée en 2017-2018 dans le cadre du master Recherche en éducation, didactique et formation de l’université de Cergy Pontoise. Notre recherche visait à décrire les effets d’un cercle pédagogique et de temps de micro-enseignement sur le regard professionnel, les pratiques pédagogiques des enseignants de cycle 2 et cycle 3 et les résultats de leurs élèves en orthographe grammaticale. Elle cherche à éclairer les conditions d’efficacité d’une formation continue sur différentes dimensions du développement professionnel au regard de la formation elle-même et de son effet sur le transfert des pratiques en classe et sur les résultats des élèves.

The aim of the present work is to investigate by electron energy loss spectroscopy the structural differences between oxygen-doped aluminium nitride deposits (AlON) which are characterized by strong changes in their surface morphology. The deposits have been obtained by chemical vapour deposition using AlCl3, and NH3 as precursors. Progressive addition of N2O in the gas mixture makes possible the introduction of oxygen atoms in the 2H-AlN lattice. Quantitative analysis suggests that well-crystallized materials showing a feather-like surface morphology correspond to the insertion of oxygen atoms in the empty sites of the AlN structure, while for less-crystallized materials, associated with spherolitic surface morphology and a higher oxygen content, the oxygen atoms are substituted for nitrogen atoms. These two kinds of localization for the oxygen atoms can be deduced from the radial distribution function, which was determined by analysing the extended energy loss fine structure, observed on the al...

Lattice image formation by inelastically scattered electrons in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is related by the reciprocity law and the same image can be obtained by both microscopes. The waves of inelastically scattered electrons consist of coherent and incoherent parts. The behaviour of the coherent part is very similar to that of the waves scattered elastically and the image contrast varies with thickness. The incoherent part produces only background. Moreover, the background increases since the intensities of the electron waves excited by different inelastic processes add. It is shown that the Z (atomic number) contrast of the images formed by inelastically scattered electrons in STEM could be observed by TEM in the high-angle inelastic scattering mode and the inverse Z -contrast in the low-angle scattering mode.

Objectif Analyser le site de recidive locale par IRM des ependymomes de l’enfant apres traitement par chirurgie et irradiation. Materiels et methodes Une etude nationale retrospective debutee en mars 2014 dans 17 centres a interesse les donnees cliniques, d’imagerie et de dosimetrie des enfants atteints d’ependymome traites entre 2000 et 2013 par irradiation. L’imagerie de 17 patients ayant ete atteints d’une rechute, provenant des deux premiers centres participants, a ete analysee : IRM standard (sequences T1 apres injection de gadolinium, T2, Flair), IRM de perfusion (n = 4) et de diffusion (n = 4) apres l’operation et lors de la recidive. Le volume d’interet de la recidive a ete trace sur l’IRM de rechute en sequence T1 apres injection de gadolinium. La cavite postoperatoire et les volumes d’interet de controle dans la substance blanche saine ont ete delinees sur l’IRM en sequence T1 apres injection de gadolinium postoperatoire. Le recalage des differents examens et la delineation des volumes d’interet ont ete effectues avec le logiciel Sisyphe. Resultats Nous avons etudie 24 sites de recidives. Soixante-dix pour cent des recidives etaient locales, peri-cavitaires, dans les volumes irradies. Le volume sanguin cerebral normalise (rCBV) moyen de la region de la cavite postoperatoire correspondant au volume d’interet de la recidive etait en moyenne de 2,5 (1,0–4,8). La moyenne des volumes sanguins cerebraux normalises moyens de la cavite postoperatoire etait de 2,2 (1,5–3,7). Le volume sanguin cerebral normalise moyen postoperatoire correspondant au volume d’interet de la recidive tendait a etre plus eleve que le volume sanguin cerebral normalise moyen des volumes d’interet temoins, sans difference statistiquement significative. La moyenne des coefficients de diffusion apparents (ADC) etait en moyenne de 1462·10−6mm2/s (676·10−6–2553·10−6) sur le volume d’interet de la recidive, et il n’a pas ete mis en evidence de restriction de diffusion par rapport au tissu sain. Conclusion La rechute est majoritairement pericavitaire, dans les volumes irradies. La recherche sur la valeur predictive du volume sanguin cerebral normalise postoperatoire sera approfondie, avec la methode decrite, grâce aux donnees de l’etude nationale en cours.

Evaluate the outcome of children with prenatally diagnosed arachnoid cysts.Retrospective study of seventeen cases of children who were diagnosed with an arachnoid cyst during prenatal MRI between July 1994 and January 2007 and followed up for a mean 6 years and 6 months. Follow-up was based on evaluation of clinical files and contacts with the physicians who were following the children. The children were divided into three groups: group 1 normal development, group 2: minor clinical signs, normal schooling, group 3: major clinical symptoms, schooling disturbed.Eight of the 17 patients included in this study underwent derivation surgery for the cyst. Eight of the 17 children were in group 1, and 3 in group 2. Four of the 6 children in group 3 had associated symptoms. Two of the children in group 3 present with a supratentorial cyst, and 4 with a cyst of the posterior fossa.The prenatal diagnosis of a arachnoid cyst should be accompanied by a search for associated lesions. The risk of hydroencephalitis should be explained to the parents.