Search

The effect of herbicide Flex, AS (active ingredient fomesafen 250 g/l) on annual weed species common in soybean crops was studied. The studies were conducted under greenhouse conditions in 2019-2021. The sensitivity of ragweed Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Asian copper leaf Acalypha australis L., common lamb's quarters Chenopodium album L., common dayflower Commelina communis L., China jute Abutilon theophrasti Medik, trailing hollyhock Hibiscus trionum L., St.-Paul’swort Sigesbeckia pubescens Makino, green amaranth Amaranthus retroflexus L., elsholtzia Elsholtzia pseudocristata Levl. et Vaniot, and Siberian cocklebur Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widd was determined. Weed treatment with Flex at rates of 0.75, 1.0, 1.25 and 1.5 l/ha was carried out three times a season at different stages of plant growth and development. The level of sensitivity of weed species to herbicide was judged by the decrease in height and weight of the aboveground organs of the experimental plants compared to the control. It was found that Flex herbicide completely destroys plants of all tested species in the early stages of growth and development (1-4 true leaves). When treating weeds that have formed 3-10 leaves, ragweed, green amaranth, Asian copper leaf, trailing hollyhock and Siberian cocklebur remain highly sensitive to the drug action (reduction of the aboveground weight up to 94-100%). Application of Flex on overgrown plants leads to a significant decrease in its activity against all studied weed species. When used in the third term, the herbicide is effective only on the green amaranth, suppressing the mass of the plants by 76-86%.

The results of the study of the weed component of soybean, early grain crops and maize agrocenoses in Primorsky Territory are presented. In total, 111 species of weeds belonging to 35 families were found during the period from 2016 to 2020. Compared with the results of crop surveys conducted in 2006-2015, the total number of species detected has increased by 23. The largest number of species belongs to the families Asteraceae (24), Poaceae (15), Polygonaceae (11), Fabaceae (9), Brassicaceae (8), Caryophyllaceae (7) and Lamiaceae (5). The remaining 26 families were represented by 1-3 species each. For the first time weeds-representatives of the families Scrophulariaceae, Violaceae, Lythraceae, Onagraceae, Asclepiadaceae and Boraginaceae have been discovered. The floristic composition of soybean agrocenoses was the highest with 108 weed species from 31 families. In cereal and maize crops, weed diversity was less significant, with 75 species in 22 families and 72 species in 25 families, respectively. Weed vegetation in all the above crops is represented by 62 species of 19 families. The main weed species that grew on 97-99% of the surveyed territory with a sufficiently high average density of standing (21-61pcs/m2) were Asian copperleaf, cockspur grass and common ragweed. Also, more than half of the surveyed crops of soybeans, cereals and corn were hairy cupgrass, perennial sow thistle, common couch-grass, common lamb’s quarters, wormwood species, field horsetail, yellow thistle, dayflower and yellow foxtail. Practical measures to protect against weeds on the Primorsky Territory should be primarily aimed at controlling these species.

The possibility of using a new graphene-based carbon monolith for searching new oil deposits or branches adjacent to the already registered oilfields by areal geochemical survey is demonstrated. The material has been developed at the Faculty of Chemistry of M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University. Sorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from soil air at the oilfield was carried out using two sorbents (carbon adsorbent and Tenax-TA traditionally used for such analyses) with subsequent determination by gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection and thermal desorption as a way of sample injection (TD/GC/MS). The new material absorbs more hydrocarbons (n-alkanes and monoaromatics) in the range from C8 to C16 than Tenax-TA, the intensities of the chromatographic peaks of the compounds also being higher. The phenomenon of irreversible sorption from carbon materials is observed for VOCs from C17 and more. However, the concentration of such substances in the soil air is rather low due to the low pressure of saturated vapors of these compounds under normal conditions. Hence, the chromatogram of carbon monolith reflects the macro-characteristics of this oil deposit better than Tenax-TA. To increase the sensitivity of the determination, a preliminary optimization of thermal desorption conditions was carried out. The values of the helium flow rate through the sorbent sample and the desorption time of the compounds are chosen to get the largest peak area. The regeneration of sorbent samples is carried out to provide the possibility of their reusage. Tenax-TA decomposes at lower temperatures compared to carbon sorbent and thus cannot be purified completely unlike the new monolith. The graphene-based sorbent is reusable and much cheaper in the manufacture than imported polymer Tenax-TA since it is made of domestic materials.

Adsorbents used to analyze air for concentrations of various organic compounds with their subsequent determination by thermal desorption gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) are considered. Tenax-TA is the most commonly used material for such tasks, but it has drawbacks. The characteristics of adsorbents of Tenax, Carbosieve, Carboxen, Carbotrap, Capbopack, Porapak, Chromosorb families, XAD polymer resins, activated carbons, and some monolithic carbon materials are given. Their advantages and disadvantages for the adsorption/thermal desorption of hydrocarbons are discussed. The advantages of monolithic carbon materials and the need in the development of a new domestic material for analytical gas chromatography–thermal desorption mass spectrometry in solving oil-prospecting problems are substantiated.

Background. Despite the recent amendments to the guidelines for the treatment of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (PCa) implying standard use of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists in combination with chemotherapy or androgen inhibitors, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) remains an essential component of treatment for advanced PCa. Testosterone target castration level of 20 ng/dL implies routine measurement of testosterone levels along with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels during ADT. It is particularly interesting to evaluate the frequency of achieving castration testosterone level in routine clinical practice. Objective: to assess the frequency of achieving castration testosterone level (20 ng/dL) and maintaining it after 6 months of therapy in patients with hormone-sensitive PCa receiving an LHRH agonist for the first time. Materials and methods. In 2019-2020, Russian Society of Cancer Urologists conducted a non-interventional prospective multicenter study (observational program) aimed to evaluate the efficacy of LHRH agonist (including buserelin, goserelin, leuprorelin or triptorelin) in routine clinical practice in Russia. This study involved 39 cancer urologists and 479 patients aged 18 years and older diagnosed with hormone-sensitive PCa, who started their ADT with LHRH agonists for the first time regardless of the disease stage and previous treatment. Patients received hormone therapy with an LHRH agonist for at least 6 months, visiting their doctor every 3 months (visit 1; visit 2: after 3 months; visit 3: after 6 months). Results. Patients received one of the following drugs: leuprorelin (3.75 mg; 7.5 mg; 22.5 mg; 45 mg; n = 225; 47,0 %), goserelin (3.6 mg; 10.8 mg; n = 132; 27.5 %), buserelin (3.75 mg; n = 67; 14.0 %), and triptorelin (3.75 mg; 11.25 mg; n = 55; 11.5 %). Of 479 patients, 186 (38.8 %) received combination treatment with bicalutamide, 12 (2.5 %) with fluta-mide, 54 (11.3 %) with zoledronic acid, and 11 (2.3 %) with denosumab. Among 146 patients with metastatic PCa, a combination of ADT plus docetaxel was administered to 30 participants (20.6 %), ADT plus abiraterone to 8 participants (5.5 %), and ADT plus enzalutamide to 2 participants (1.4 %). After 6 months of therapy, mean PSA level decreased by 94.2 % (from baseline 118.12 ng/mL to 6.87 ng/mL). Mean testosterone level was 19.0 ng/dL (range: 0.029-100 ng/dL). Among 430 patients, the targeted testosterone level 50 ng/dL. The incidence of adverse events was low; most of them were mild. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that not all patients achieve targeted testosterone level of

Several treatment options are currently available for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in routine clinical practice. However, clear standards of sequential use of registered drugs have not yet been developed. Affecting bone metastases, radium-223 is one of therapeutic options for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and bone metastases, which was included in foreign and Russian guidelines for prostate cancer management. This article analyzes the results of treatment with radium-223 in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in foreign non-interventional clinical trials conducted in routine clinical practice. These trials confirmed high efficacy and safety of radium-223 demonstrated earlier in the ALSYMPCA trial. Some protocols ensured better overall survival rates and lower incidence of symptomatic skeletal events and adverse events than those in the registration study.

The phenomenon of trust is currently under focus in sociological discourse. Interest in the topic of organizational trust is due to an increasing number of studies proving its positive role in performance of organizations and employees, in increasing the economic efficiency of enterprises, stimulating the processes of its technical and technological modernization. In this regard, there is a need to search for factors conducive to building trust. One area of such research is the study of interaction of trust and organizational justice. However, existing publications do not give a definite answer regarding a direction of influence of these phenomena: some authors argue that trust is formed under the influence of organizational justice, others believe that the influence is vice versa. An additional argument in favor of the relevance of this topic is that the existing studies poorly reflect the specifics of Russian enterprises, since the topic of organizational trust is still under-examined in the domestic scientific literature. This article aims to empirically test hypotheses about the relationship between trust and organizational justice based on research materials carried out at one of the largest Russian enterprises. The objectives of the study were as followed: characterization of trust and organizational justice in various groups of personnel, assessment of impact of various types of organizational justice on vertical organizational trust. The empirical basis of the study is the materials of structured interviews of workers of the main production unit and engineering workers, conducted at one of the largest oil and gas industrial enterprises of the Perm Krai in 2021 (n = 792 people). The authors used the method of a continuous survey of workers at their workplaces in subdivisions. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time, based on the materials of a survey of Russian workers, the relationship between trust and organizational justice at different stages of a career in an organization was empirically analyzed. Furthermore, the contribution of various types of organizational justice to the formation of employee trust in management was illustrated. In accordance with the results of the study, the authors found out that organizational justice affects vertical trust in an organization: the more fair the organizational conditions are perceived by employees, the higher the level of trust in management. The authors point out that interpersonal and procedural justice have the major influence on the formation of vertical trust in an organization, but their role changes depending on length of service. It is concluded that in order to increase the level of vertical trust, the internal social policy of an organization should include technologies for both organizational analysis and the development of justice of intra-organizational relations, which, in turn, will contribute to an increase of productivity and efficiency of an organization.

Purpose. The article explores the image of the Blue Flower as a symbol of a noble cause basing on the medieval “Meier Helmbrecht” medieval poem, on the novel by “Heinrich von Ofterdingen,” as well as on the reception of the blue flower in the world and national literature. Methodology and Approach. To establish the relationship between the image of the Blue Flower and the semantic component of the noble cause, the authors used the methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as the historical and genetic method to determine the birth and development of the image of the Blue Flower. Results. The relationship of the image of the Blue Flower with the noble deed as one of the components of its symbol is proved. Theoretical and Practical Implications. The study confirms that the image of the Blue Flower is a symbol of the noble cause as well as part of a mythical, holistic consciousness.

The relevance of the topic is justified by the objective need to modernize domestic enterprises in response to the changing conditions and increasing uncertainty of the external competitive environment. The success of implementing various innovations in an organization largely depends on the support for innovative projects from its employees. Organizational trust is considered as one of the conditions for the formation of such support. Organizational trust is defined as the acceptance of vulnerability based on the confidence in one’s expectations towards others. Standardization of these expectations in the form of values and norms is provided by organizational culture. Based on theoretical arguments and results of empirical research conducted by both Russian and foreign authors, the paper reveals the influence that organizational culture elements and management practices have on the development of organizational trust. The analysis focuses on the interpersonal level of the formation and development of organizational trust in situations of horizontal and vertical interaction. The literature review allowed us to identify the main cultural and managerial factors for the formation of organizational culture of trust. The regularities that reflect the conditionality of organizational trust are formulated: it depends on the degree of consistency of organizational goals, values, and norms; the manifestation in organizational rituals and activities; a supportive management style; an open control system and a fair system of sanctions. It is shown that the literature pays insufficient attention to the specifics of trust formation as a factor of industrial enterprises modernization. A list of research hypotheses about the influence of organizational culture elements on organizational trust is formulated, which can become the basis for the study of the process of forming organizational culture of trust at industrial enterprises.

—Experimental data are presented on the dynamics of quasi-adiabatic expansion of the foam formed from carbon-dioxide-plasticized polylactide in the course of fast depressurization. It is shown that, in the range of initial pressure, which corresponds to the region of transition between the subcritical and supercritical states of plasticizing agent, a substantial increase takes place in the resulting volume of the formed porous matrices. Study of the structure of synthesized matrices at the mesoscopic level provided using low-coherence reflectometry showed a dramatic difference from synthesis conditions far from the transition region. The observed features are interpreted in the framework of a qualitative model using an equation proposed by Ross to represent the foam state. The considered model takes into account the sign of increment of the internal energy of a plasticizing and foaming agent in the course of transition between the initial and final thermodynamics states of the foamed polymer.

The author gives two interesting observations on the installation of menstruation in young girls.

The article proposes to consider self-transcendence - the phenomenon of devoting oneself to a socially significant purpose - as a distinctive feature of the hero of English literary works within the framework of the course of metamodernism; to make a comparison the ideals of postmodernism and metamodernism reflected in literary works; show the importance of biography and pseudo-autobiography genres in the historical and cultural process. With the help of analysis and synthesis method, the authors compare socio-historical processes with their literary mapping and come to the conclusion that it is the change of consciousness - a return to integrity and syncretism - that provides the basis for self-transcendence as an understanding and realization of oneself in the world.

Most often, neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is found in the gastrointestinal tract, broncho-pulmonary system, but they can also occur in other organs, such as the kidney, bladder, which is of most interest because of the rarity of this pathology. Until recently, there was not even a proper morphological classification for kidney NEC, and among some histological types, such as large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the kidney, only about 7 cases were recorded, and independent bladder carcinoids, about 15 cases. Currently, there are no clinical and morphological features of the NEC of the kidney and bladder, fundamentally distinguishing them from other neuroendocrine tumors and “classic” cancer of the same localization. This article also provides the data of the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology on the incidence of all malignant neoplasms of the urinary system.

This review of renal cell carcinoma describes new diagnostics and treatment standards, new guidelines from international professional organizations, key studies, and some articles of interest for oncological urologists published in 2018.

The article offers a look at the new course of metamodernism as a basis for the formation of a holistic, syncretic consciousness, which replaces the diachronic-discrete one. Using the method of comparison, the authors analyze the literary works of the postmodern era (P. Süskind “Perfume”) and metamodernism (G. Muller “Breath Swing”, verses), reveal the main features and prove the pattern of changes in the national consciousness. It is suggested to identify the transition to a holistic consciousness as a result of overcoming the diachronous-discrete one, to determine the common features and patterns of its manifestation in the modern literature. Metamodernism is not just a new trend, but also a change of milestones, a natural cultural and historical process.

Incoherent Cherenkov diffraction radiation was recently produced in the Cornell electron storage ring using counterpropagating beams (electrons and positrons) passing in the close vicinity of a dielectric made of fused silica. We present in this paper a collection of the experimental investigations that were performed on Cherenkov diffraction radiation in both the infrared and the visible range. Measurements were performed using an optical system functioning either in imaging conditions or in far field conditions to retrieve the angular distribution of the radiation. Polarization studies were also performed and showed that, when selecting the appropriate polarization, the beam size can be measured accurately. This study opens the path for new applications in noninvasive beam diagnostic for highly relativistic charged particle beams.

Currently, doctors have at their disposal a number of drugs prolonging life of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The majority is approved for use as the 1st line therapy and, in absence of direct comparison, is considered potentially equally effective. Patients with CRPC need continuous treatment for suppression of disease progression resulting in sequential use of therapeutic agents. Modern standards and recommendations do not provide a clear algorithm for prescription, therefore an individual approach is necessary taking in account various factors of a particular case ranging from previous therapies to patients’ preferences. This article considers the most significant factors affecting CRPC therapy selection and ways of therapy optimization in compliance with the established treatment standards and taking into account the list of drugs approved for use in Russia.

From 16 th to 20 th of March, 2018, the 33 rd Annual Congress of the European Association of Urology took place in Copenhagen. Doctors from 78 countries participated in the event. 4,381 abstracts were submitted, 1,338 of which were selected for poster sessions. Prostate cancer, kidney cancer, and bladder cancer were the most studied topics and constituted about a half of all accepted abstracts. In this article, a review of the most significant and interesting reports on cancer urology from the EAU Congress in 2018 is presented.

In terms of sulfide copper–molybdenum ore of Sorsk stockwork deposit (Republic of Khakasia), the authors discuss the option of selective dissociation of minerals. The scope of the discussion embraces the effect of pulsed-discharge treatment on particle-size indexes, structural and chemical properties and floatability of objects of the study. It is shown that the pulse-discharge treatment in a greater degree influences copper sulfides and levels their floatability while surface of molybdenite undergoes minor alteration. The pulse-discharge treatment allows enhancing flotation selectivity in separation of copper sulfides and molybdenite, and promotes removal of hydrophobic molybdenite film from quartz surface, which results in production of high-quality molybdenite concentrates.

Background. Enzalutamide, an androgen receptor inhibitor that blocks multiple steps in the androgen receptor signaling pathway, is approved for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Since the phase III (AFFIRM) pivotal trial did not include Russia patients, this phase II study (NCT02124668) was performed to establish the safety of enzalutamide in patients with progressive CRPC previously treated with docetaxel-based chemotherapy in the Eastern European patients population, including the Russia. Objective: to study safety of enzalutamide in patients with progressive CRPC previously treated with docetaxel-based chemotherapy from Eastern European, including the Russia. Materials and methods . This phase II, multicenter, single-arm, open-label study was conducted at 2 sites in Russia and 2 sites in Georgia. Patients had on going androgen deprivation therapy with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue (agonist or antagonist) or had a prior surgical or chiectomy. Patients completed visits on day 1, week 5, week 13 and subsequently every 12 weeks until they were discontinued from the study. The safety of enzalutamide was assessed through evaluations of adverse events (AEs), serious AEs, blood pressure, heart rate, electrocardiography and laboratory measurements. Results. Thirty patients were enrolled and received enzalutamide treatment (mean age 67.5 years (59–80 years)). Median treatment duration was 271 days (3–968 days). By the end of the study, a total of 23 (76.7 %) patients experienced 68 treatment-emergent AEs (TEAEs). The most frequently reported TEAEs (reported in ≥10 % of patients) were fatigue (n = 7 (23.3 %)), asthenia (n = 6 (20.0 %)), bone pain, metastatic pain, prostatic specific antigen increase from baseline (n = 4 (13.3 %) each) and malignant neoplasm progression (n = 3 (10.0 %)). Most TEAEs were Grade 1 or Grade 2 in severity (35 and 14 events respectively, of a total of 68 AEs). The most frequently reported Grade 3 or higher TEAEs were asthenia (n = 5 (16.7 %)) and bone pain (n = 3 (10.0 %)). Enzalutamide-related TEAEs were experienced by 7 (23.3 %) patients and consisted of the following: fatigue in 3 patients; asthenia in 2 patients; and supraventricular extrasystoles, dizziness, headache, insomnia, pollakiuria and alopecia in 1 patient, each. Six (20.0 %) patients experienced 13 serious TEAEs. The most common serious TEAE was malignant neoplasm progression (n = 3 (1 %)) due to disease progression; all others were single events. Three (10.0 %) patients had died due to serious TEAEs that occurred during the study (2 of prostate cancer progression and 1 of cardiopulmonary and liver failure). No patients experienced an enzalutamide-related Grade 3 or higher TEAEs, an enzalutamide-related serious AEs or an enzalutamide-related TEAEs leading to permanent discontinuation. No notable changes from baseline in clinical laboratory parameters or clinically meaningful abnormalities in vital signs, physical examinations, or electrocardiography were found. No cases of seizures were reported. Conclusion. In this study, enzalutamide in the Eastern European patient population, including the Russia, had a safety profile consistent with that reported in previous enzalutamide studies and no new safety signals were observed.

The relevance of the study is determined by the active research of the diachronic aspect of the problems of a new national (German) identity in the European social and cultural space and in the literary consciousness of the 19th-21st centuries. The article proposes to consider the poem by Wernher der Gartnaer “The Peasant Helmbrecht” not as a social and cultural product that addresses the issues of upward mobility and morals, but as an element of the mythic consciousness. Not only as a reworked story about the prodigal son but as an open opposition of types of thinking: archaic-mythical and linear. The opposition which is expressed in the ancient motive of the battle of the father and the son. The authors convince in ambiguity and infinity of ways to comprehend the medieval poem, to critically analyze the signs of the latest German reality in it.

To date, a wealth of scientific material has been accumulated in the study of the phenomenon of social capital, its constituent elements, its influence on social practices and spheres of people’s activities. However, empirical studies of the social capital of industrial workers in Russian science are rare. This study is based on the materials of a formalized survey of workers at one of the largest industrial enterprises in Perm Krai. The article describes the influence of social capital on industrial behavior, as well as the initiation and promotion of innovations. With the use of cluster analysis, two groups have been distinguished within the staff of the organization, which significantly differ in the indicators of development of the main components (cognitive and structural) of social capital. It is shown that the first cluster consists of workers of high social capital. They are oriented towards mutual assistance, mutually beneficial cooperation, strong initiative at work, and are also included in broad social networks and maintain deep, trusting relationships with a relatively large number of colleagues. The second cluster of workers is characterized by low social capital. They are much less focused on collectivism, mutual assistance, and initiative. Moreover, they establish social interactions and deep social ties with just a small number of colleagues at work. Workers with developed social capital have better conditions for obtaining collective knowledge. They are more inclined to observe labor discipline, have stronger motivation to achieve high product quality and initiative to create innovations. High social capital contributes to the improvement of the professional efficiency of workers in the industrial sector, thereby exerting a positive influence on the modernization development of the organization.

The potential productivity of an ear by the time of flowering is predetermined by the number of fertile flowers and the “planned” mass of 1000 grains - through the number of flowers with which the grain size is inversely correlated, by the resources of the shoot vegetative mass and by the possibility of realizing these resources. The influence of pinching and incomplete setting of seeds in the conditions of dry growing seasons of 2018 and 2020 for the formation of grain is considered. It was concluded that grains from the first three flowers have a predominant contribution to the productivity of a spikelet. The naked oat variety Nemchinovskiy 61 could not realize its biological potential due to abiotic stresses. Due to the incomplete seed setting, an average of 2.03 grains out of 5-6 flowers were preserved for harvesting. Reduction of flowers number in a spikelet in naked oats to two as the direction in breeding has no prospects. To increase the adaptability of naked oats to abiotic stresses, parental forms with a relatively small number of grains in a spike, which are capable to utilize precipitation, should be involved in hybridization, to increase the mass of 1000 grains.

More than 90 % of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) have radiologically confirmed skeletal metastases. Traditional treatment methods such as administration of painkillers, external beam therapy, bisphosphonates or denosumab, as well as injections of strontium-89 or samarium-153 radionuclides, have only palliative effect and in some cases can postpone development of skeletal complications. Alpha-emitter radium-223 dichloride (Ra-223; alpharadin previously) is currently one of the known drugs with proven effectiveness in relation to increasing overall survival of patients with CRPC. Ra-223 was developed specifically for patients with CRPC and symptomatic skeletal metastases. The drug targets the areas of skeletal tissue remodeling. Ra-223 is the therapy of choice in patients with CRPC and skeletal metastases and without confirmed visceral metastases before and after docetaxel chemotherapy. Chemotherapy after treatment with Ra-223 is a possible and satisfactory tolerable treatment option. Combination of Ra-223 with abiraterone, enzalutamide, or denosumab is, apparently, effective and safe, but further studies are necessary.

Resistance to high cycle fatigue (HCF) at room temperature and operating temperatures of the VKS-180 high-resistance steel was studied. It was found that at room temperature the test results should be schematized by a fatigue curve with inclined left and horizontal right linear segments; and at 400°C, with one linear segment. A method of determination was proposed for each case and the HCF characteristics were calculated. The related character of the fatigue failure was observed at 20 and 400°C.