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Abstract Fruits and vegetables are a fundamental part of people's diets due to their composition of bioactive phytochemical compounds. These act as antioxidants that neutralize free radicals, which are related to various pathologies causing negative effects on the health of the host. Raw materials subjected to heat treatments at different temperatures allow the production of safe and stable foods. However, through a systematic review, the present research focused on determining whether heat treatments exert variations in the antioxidant capacity of fruits and vegetables. The methodology applied in the collected research studies was used to calculate the total antioxidant capacity. It was observed that FRAP, ABTS, ORAC, and DPPH assays were used. Furthermore, the total phenolic content, which is also related to the antioxidant capacity, was calculated and analyzed using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The results found by several other authors indicate that the majority refers to the thermal treatment that plays a positive role by increasing the antioxidant capacity of fruits and vegetables. This is due to cell breakdown caused by high temperatures. On the other hand, some results of the authors differed from the above, where, they showed that raw materials, when applied to thermal treatments, reduce the antioxidant capacity due to the inactivation effects of oxidative enzymes.

The Alentejano pig (Sus ibericus) is an autochthonous breed of swine from Portugal phylogenetically close to the Iberian breed that is known to develop melanocytic lesions. In this study, 34 melanocytic skin lesions were identified and collected from Alentejano pigs slaughtered for human consumption for further routine histologic assessment. The samples were classified into 4 age ranges: 1 (1 to 6 months), 2 (7 to 12 months) 3 (13 to 24 months), and 4 (more than 25 months). All the lesions were considered benign after the histopathological assessment, of which 52.9% and 47.1%, were classified as melanosis and melanocytomas, respectively. Regarding the age ranges, a statistical difference between the groups was observed, indicating that the probability of melanosis presentation was higher at the age range 4 and for melanocytomas at the age range 3. While no malignant lesions were observed in this study, it was concluded that benign melanocytic lesions are commonly found in Alentejano pig carcasses. Further research is necessary to accurately distinguish between malignant and benign lesions, which is crucial for official veterinarians to make decisions regarding meat approval or condemnation.

Abstract Most forms of clinical research examine a very minute cross section of the patient journey. Much of the knowledge and evidence base driving current genomic medicine practice entails blind spots arising from underrepresentation and lack of research participation in clinicogenomic databases. The flaws are perpetuated in AI models and clinical practice guidelines that reflect the lack of diversity in data being used. Participation in clinical research and biobanks is impeded in many populations due to a variety of factors that include knowledge, trust, healthcare access, administrative barriers, and technology gaps. A recent symposium brought industry, clinical, and research participants in clinicogenomics to discuss practical challenges and potential for new data sharing models that are patient centric and federated in nature and can address health disparities that might be perpetuated by lack of diversity in clinicogenomic research, biobanks, and datasets. Clinical data governance was recognized as a multiagent problem, and governance practices need to be more patient centric to address most barriers. Digital tools that preserve privacy, document provenance, and enable the management of data as intellectual property have great promise. Policy updates realigning and rationalizing clinical data governance practices are warranted.

Annona muricata is a fruit species belonging to the Annonaceae family, which is native to the warmer tropical areas of North and South America. A large amount of discarded residue from A. muricata is of interest for obtaining new industrial inputs. To propose the applications of the biopolymer from A. muricata residues (Biop_AmRs), this study aimed to characterize this input chemically and functionally, as well as to evaluate its potential for hemocompatibility and cytotoxicity activity in vitro. Biop_AmRs is an anionic heteropolysaccharide composed of glucose, arabinose, xylose, galactose, mannose, uronic acid, and proteins. This biopolymer exhibited a semicrystalline structure and good thermal stability. Biop_AmRs exhibited excellent water holding capacity, emulsifying properties, and mucoadhesiviness and demonstrated hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility on the L929 cell line. These results indicate possible applications for this biopolymer as a potential environmentally friendly raw material in the food, pharmaceutical, biomedical, and cosmetic industries.

This paper proposes a two-stage converter that can black start an isolated AC Microgrid with a Fuel Cell (FC) as the primary energy source. The first stage is connected to the FC and employs a Three-Leg Interleaved Boost DC/DC Converter (IBC), while the second is a Three-Phase Voltage Source Converter (VSC). The DC/DC stage utilizes a Cascade Voltage Control (CVC) to mitigate voltage fluctuations in the DC-link caused by the variability of the FC voltage. For the DC/AC stage, three distinct grid-forming (GFM) strategies are implemented with two of them with multi-loop cascaded structure and one with a single-loop structure. The power circuit of the system is simulated using the Real-Time Simulator (RTS) HIL 602+ from Typhoon-HIL, with the control strategies embedded on the Digital Signal Processor (DSP) TMS320F28379D - F28379D LaunchPad from Texas Instruments (TI). The performance of the cases are verified through CHIL simulations for a balanced and unbalanced inductive load steps. The results demonstrate that for both tests the GFM single loop structure presents smoother transients and shorter recovery times. Additionally, for the unbalanced loads, all the cases present similar results for the DC variables with more pronounced differences at the AC side.

El análisis de regresión múltiple es un método estadístico empleado en muchas áreas del conocimiento. En este estudio, dicho análisis se aplicó a los datos de concentraciones de cuatro contaminantes atmosféricos (SO2, NO2, H2S y PM10), monitoreados en tres estaciones que se ubican en la Zona Norte del estado de Chiapas. El periodo que abarcó el estudio fue de enero 2001 a febrero 2005. El objetivo fue proponer funciones de regresión para describir la concentración en función del tiempo y/o las variables meteorológicas. Se empleó un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple paso a paso en la selección de variables regresoras. Las más importantes fueron la temperatura, la humedad relativa y la dirección del viento. Se obtuvieron funciones de regresión de la concentración anual, mensual y diaria de estos contaminantes. Se obtuvo una regresión lineal simple para explicar la concentración anual de SO2, alcanzando un coefi-ciente de determinación de 0.927. Los modelos de la concentración mensual alcanzaron un coeficiente de determinación entre 0.417 y 0.846; mientras que para los de la concentración diaria, este coeficiente varió de 0.285 a 0.581. De este estudio paramétrico, se concluyó que las variables meteorológicas describieron adecuadamente la concentración anual y mensual, pero no la concentración diaria.

The development of anticancer drugs is costly and time intensive. Computational approaches optimize the process by studying molecules such as naphthoquinones. This research explores the quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSPR) and molecular interactions among 2,2-dimethyl-3-((3-nitrophenyl)amino)-2,3-dihydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-4,5-dione (QPhNO2), a Nor-β-Lapachone derivative with anticancer properties, and the following polymers for nanoencapsulation: polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycaprolactone (PCL), and poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA). Spartan 14 optimized the compounds using density functional theory (DFT), while ArgusLab performed docking, and Discovery Studio analyzed post-docking results. Simulations indicated that polymers with larger energy gaps are more stable and less prone to deformation than QPhNO2, facilitating interaction with polymer chains. The binding energies for PMMA/QPhNO2, PCL/QPhNO2, and PLGA/QPhNO2 interactions were −4.607, −4.437, and −1.814 kcal/mol, respectively. Docking analysis revealed non-bonded interactions between polymers and QPhNO2. These findings highlight the role of computational methods in nanoencapsulation and molecular characterization, guiding the development of future analogs and combinations.

The sailfish Istiophorus platypterus is abundant in tropical coastal areas of the Pacific Ocean. It is targeted by both sport-fishing and commercial (artisanal) fleets in Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica, and Panama. The Gulf of Tehuantepec is one of the main areas of abundance of I. platypterus, where it is caught incidentally by artisanal vessels. The objective of this study was to analyze the size structure and the variability in the catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) of sailfish caught in the Gulf of Tehuantepec from 2000 to 2008. The size structure was analyzed using eye-fork length (EFL) and CPUE was estimated as the number of individuals per fishing trip. Individuals ranged in size from 55 to 240 cm EFL and varied in total weight from 1.6 to 69.7 kg. The size structure was unimodal, and the variability over time showed a negative tendency (F(0.05(1),8,4967) = 6.8E + 8; P < 0.05). The CPUE of I. platypterus showed seasonal changes: values were lower from January to April and higher during the summer, and then decreased again in early winter.

In order to correlate gross morphological features with pulmonary and coronary vasculature changes in hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) 15 heart-lung necropsy specimens from neonates were analysed. Histology of left atrium wall, lung vessels with pulmonary arteriolar disease morphometric grading, study of intra and extra pulmonary wall veins and coronary arteries were recorded. Classic HLHS was observed in 11, and DORV with mitral atresia in 4, the foramen ovale (FO) being the only left atrium outflow tract in all. All specimens had increased % of thickness and muscular extension of arterioles and increased wall thickness of pulmonary veins, but severer arteriolar and venous changes with left atrium fibrosis were noticed in 8 specimens with either closed FO (3 cases) or mean FO diameter (d) of 5 mm when compared with specimens with mean FOd of 9 mm. Coronary arteries histology disclosed in 4 of 8 specimens with opened but hypoplastic mitral valve, intima proliferative changes with lumen narrowing, not observed in 7 specimens with mitral valve atresia. We concluded that in HLHS closed or restrictive FO and permeable mitral valve may predispose neonates to respiratory complications, right ventricle abnormal function and arrhythmias, specially after cardiac surgery.

Background: Seasonal influenza continues to present a significant annual burden as the vaccination rate in the United States is 51.8%. Emergency Department (ED) based influenza programs have been successfully implemented and improve vaccine uptake, reduce incidence and costs, and improve outcomes. Objective: To develop a predictive model to assess preventable influenza cases, hospitalizations, fatalities, and incremental cost avoidance based on the unvaccinated population. Methods: A retrospective cohort of ED encounters limited to Medicare and Medicaid populations was performed across 14 tertiary care hospital EDs and six freestanding EDs for 2020. The total number of unvaccinated individuals was identified to determine the potential impact of an ED vaccination campaign. The average cost and loss per inpatient stay was identified from prior industry Medicare benchmark data and was utilized to extrapolate Medicaid losses. Results from published cost-effectiveness studies identified the vaccination thresholds to prevent one additional case of influenza, one additional hospitalization, and one additional fatality. Results: A total of 39,463 unvaccinated individuals were identified, with 14,064 classified as Medicare, and 25,379 classified as Medicaid. Assuming a 95% target outreach, 90% medical eligibility, and 70% acceptance rate, 414 influenza cases would be prevented (266 Medicaid, 148 Medicare), 28 hospitalizations would be prevented (18 Medicaid, 10 Medicare), and eight deaths would be prevented (5 Medicaid, 3 Medicare). Accordingly, a reduction in admissions would prevent $409,360 in total inpatient medical costs and $36,232 in losses to healthcare systems. Conclusion: An ED-based influenza vaccination program would have a measurable impact on patient influenza disease burden and associated medical expenditures.