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Background: The aim was to assess therapeutic outcomes and tolerance in patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with androgen receptor targeted agents (ARTA) treatment at one oncological center in the Czech Republic., Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of 64 patients with mCRPC treated with abiraterone (50 patients) and enzalutamide (14 patients) in the first line of this disease was conducted. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to calculate progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). We performed a multivariate analysis of risk factors for treatment outcomes (PFS, OS) by Cox regression analysis., Results: The median follow-up was 28.4 months. The median PFS was 15.4 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 12.3-18.5], median OS was 38.2 months (95% CI: 19.9-56.5). Regression analysis demonstrated a favorable prognostic effect on PFS in patients with reduction of PSA ≥ 50 %, in patients with early reduction of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ≥ 50% within 3 months, in patients younger than 74 years and in overall performance status (PS) 0. Regression analysis demonstrated a favorable prognostic effect on OS in patients with reduction of PSA ≥ 50 %, in patients with early reduction of PSA ≥ 50 % within 3 months and in patients with overall PS 0. Adverse effects grade 3-4 were reported in 17 (27.9%) patients in abirateron arm and in 1 (7.1%) patient in enzalutamide arm., Conclusion: The analysis of patients with mCRPC treated with ARTA in the first line showed that ARTA represents an effective and safe therapy and contributes to longer survival., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: The authors state that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this article., (© 2024 Greater Poland Cancer Centre.)

Background: The evaluation of treatment outcomes and toxicity in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated by enzalutamide or abiraterone after previous docetaxel., Patients and Methods: We analyzed 66 patients with mCRPC treated by enzalutamide (55 patients) or abiraterone (11 patients) after previous therapy with docetaxel. The median follow-up was 31.2 months. Enzalutamide and abiraterone were administered in daily doses of 160 mg and 1,000 mg per day, respectively. The progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis. The prognostic influence of the factors on OS was evaluated by regression analysis., Results: The progression was observed in 55 (83%) patients, and mPFS was 12.1 (95% CI 7.7-16.4) months. In total, 43 patients died, and he median OS was 21.9 (95% CI 12.2-31.7) months. In the regression analysis, we observed statistical favorable influence of the following factors on OS: PSA decrease ≥ 50%, in patients with early decrease of prostatic specific antigen (PSA) ≥ 50% in 3 months after initiation of enzalutamide or abiraterone treatment, in patients with visceral metastatic sites, in patients treated with only one regimen of previous chemotherapy and in those without anemia. We observed the toxicity grades 3-4 in 45.5% and 36.3% patients treated with enzalutamide and abiraterone, respectively., Conclusion: Our analysis demonstrated efficacy and good tolerance in patients with mCRPC treated with enzalutamide and abiraterone after previous docetaxel therapy.