30 results on '"S. A. Nemkova"'
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2. CURRENT PRINCIPLES OF COMPLEX REHABILITATION OF CHILDREN WITH STROKE CONSEQUENCES
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S. A. Nemkova, N. N. Zavadenko, O. I. Maslova, G. A. Karkashadze, A. M. Mamedyarov, V. E. Popov, I. O. Chshederkina, I. E. Koltunov, and Y. E. Nesterovskiy
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children ,stroke ,rehabilitation ,mechanotherapy ,cerebral palsy ,gerstmann syndrome ,dynamic proprioceptive correction ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
The article is dedicated to an urgent issue of modern pediatrics and neurology — complex treatment of stroke consequences in children. The article details etiological aspects, pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical peculiarities of stroke consequences in children, the primary among which are asthenic syndrome (73–86% of the patients), movement disorders (33–58%), cognitive disorders (60%), paroxysmal conditions (30%), sensory disorders (14%), emotional-volitional and behavioral disorders (17–38%), vegetative dysfunction syndrome (60–74%), pain syndrome (53–74%) and syncopal conditions (12%). The article details the main spheres of complex rehabilitation of children with stroke consequences, including use of innovative medical rehabilitation technologies — kinesitherapy, dynamic proprioceptive correction, mechanotherapy using robotic systems, physiotherapy and drug correction. The article demonstrates that diagnosis and treatment of stroke consequences in children is a difficult problem, which requires a differential complex approach in order to improve effectiveness of both drug therapy and rehabilitation and quality of life of the patients.
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- 2015
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3. INTEGRATED DIAGNOSTICS AND CORRECTION OF SLEEP DISORDERS IN CHILDREN
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S. A. Nemkova, O. I. Maslova, N. N. Zavadenko, T. Li, N. N. Volodin, V. А. Dorovskikh, G. A. Karkashadze, A. M. Mamed''yarov, V. V. Altunin, E. A. Abashidze, O. V. Kozhevnikov, and Yu. E. Nesterovskii
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sleep ,children ,polysomnography ,insomnia ,parasomnia ,sleep apnea ,melatonin ,phytotherapy ,infants ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
The article is devoted to the actual problem of modern pediatrics and neurology ― a comprehensive diagnosis and correction of sleep disorders in children. Detail the features of the clinical manifestations of sleep disorders in childhood (insomnia and parasomnia), great attention is paid to sleep apnea syndrome as a risk factor for somatic and psychopathological disorders in children. Highlight the current capabilities of complex instrumental diagnosis of sleep disorders with the use of highly effective methods of polysomnography and pulse oximetry. The actual dimensions as non-drug and drug treatment of sleep disorders in children, taking into account the pathogenetic features of their occurrence. From the standpoint of evidence-based medicine demonstrate efficient methods of herbal medicine, developed on the basis of traditional Chinese recipes, as well as modern nootropics and magnesium preparations. It is shown that sleep disorders in children not only lead to a deterioration of emotional mood, cognitive function, health and school performance, but also are associated with increasing risk of somatic disorders, which determines the need for timely diagnosis and comprehensive differentiated medical and psychological data correction of pathological conditions, taking into account the neurophysiological and biochemical mechanisms of their development, as well as polymorphism of clinical manifestations, in order to increase the effectiveness of treatment and quality of life of patients.
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- 2015
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4. Current principles of comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders in children
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S. A. Nemkova
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сон ,дети ,инсомния ,апноэ ,пантогам ,sleep ,children ,insomnia ,sleep apnea ,pantogam ,Medicine - Abstract
The article tells about the current principles of comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders in children. Instrumental (polysomnography) and clinical types of diagnosis of sleep disorders in children (insomnia and parasomnia), especially obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, are discussed in detail. Modern aspects of non-drug and drug treatment of sleep disorders in childhood are considered. Pantogam proved to be one of the most efficient and safe drugs used in the treatment of sleep disorders in children. Diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders is a complex issue; the variety of causes of sleep disorders need to be considered, as well as the mechanisms of its regulation. A comprehensive differentiated approach is required in order to improve the efficacy of treatment and the quality of life of children and their families.
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- 2014
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5. DIAGNOSIS AND CORRECTION OF COGNITIVE DISORDERS IN CHILDREN WITH TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY SEQUELAE
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S. A. Nemkova, N. N. Zavadenko, O. I. Maslova, and G. A. Karkashadze
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traumatic brain injury ,cognitive disorders ,children ,post-concussion syndrome ,cerebro-asthenic syndrome ,post-traumatic encephalopathy ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
The article is dedicated to the relevant aspects of complex diagnosis and treatment of cognitive disorders in children and adolescents with traumatic brain injury (TBI) sequelae in the long term. Traumatic brain injury is one of the most important issues of the modern neuroscience due to high incidence rate and incapacitation severity. A steady increase in TBI sequelae, many of which are cognitive disorders (cerebro-asthenic and psychoorganic syndromes, post‑traumatic dementia) accompanied by various symptoms of vegetative dysfunction syndrome, has been observed in children in the recent years. The factors affecting severity of TBI sequelae in children are severity of the injury, age at the injury, time elapsed since the injury and localization of the lesion. Disturbances of memory and attention (75%), hand-eye coordination, cerebro-asthenic disorders (88%) and chronic headaches (95%) are prevalent in the structure of cognitive disorders after a minor TBI. Severer cognitive dysfunctions accompanied by pathological neurological symptoms resulting in difficulties in learning, self‑service and negatively affecting social adaptation in general are observed in 94-100% of the children having suffered moderate or severe TBI. The article discusses the modern methods of complex diagnosis and pathogenetically substantiated techniques of drug therapy of cognitive disorders in patients with traumatic brain injury sequelae in detail.
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- 2014
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6. PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF COMPLEX MEDICAL AND SOCIAL REHABILITATION OF DISABLED CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY
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S. A. Nemkova, O. I. Maslova, G. A. Karkashadze, and A. M. Mamed'yarov
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cerebral palsy ,psychological disorders ,rehabilitation ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
The article deals with psychological aspects of complex medical and social rehabilitation of disabled children with cerebral palsy in detail. Residual-organic cerebral insufficiency at cerebral palsy may be a basis for development of both cognitive disorders and psychogenic reactions, pathological personality formations due to the adverse psychosocial influences caused by disorders of motor and mental functions, which is necessary to take into consideration when conducting rehabilitation measures. The authors considered actual problems of diagnosing and treating the psychological disorders at cerebral palsy and suggested a system of complex mental pathology rehabilitation for this disease, which is aimed at correcting psychoemotional, cognitive and behavioral disorders and also restoring the social adaptation of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy.
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- 2013
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7. THE POLYPEPTIDE STIMULATOR APPLICATION IN COMPLEX TREATMENT OF COGNITIVE DISORDERS IN CHILDREN WITH DISEASES OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
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S. A. Nemkova, O. I. Maslova, G. A. Karkashadze, Y. N. Kurbatov, and I. V. Podkorytova
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neurometabolic nootropic stimulator ,infantile cerebral paralysis ,cognitive impairment ,mental retardation ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
The results of the review of studies on the polypeptide nootropic neurometabolic stimulator in a complex correction of cognitive impairment in children with diseases of the central nervous system are given in the article. It is shown that cognitive-modulating effect is the leading feature of the drug, and in a combination with nootropic, neurotrophic, neuroprotective, reparative and anticonvulsive effects, as well as antioxidant, anti-stress and metabolic actions, which determines its high therapeutic efficacy in a complex correction of cognitive impairment in various central nervous system diseases in children.
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- 2012
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8. CURRENT ISSUES IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF COGNITIVE DISORDERS IN CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY
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S. A. Nemkova, O. I. Maslova, G. A. Karkashadze, N. N. Zavadenko, and Y. N. Kurbatov
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cerebral palsy ,cognitive impairment ,mental retardation ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
The article covers in detail the problems of diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment in children with cerebral palsy. Diagnosis of cognitive disorders, cerebral palsy is a challenging task, due to various combinations of these disorders with physical, speech and sensory disorders, which requires a differentiated approach. The authors have developed a differential-diagnostic criteria to distinguish between impaired mental function and mental retardation with cerebral palsy, as well as the proposed comprehensive system of rehabilitation of cognitive disorders, including medical and social, and psychological-pedagogical correction, which is aimed at compensating for cognitive deficits, the formation of mental functions, and the restoration of the mechanisms of social integration of children with cerebral palsy.
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- 2012
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9. MODERN ASPECTS OF STUDYING THE COGNITIVE SPHERE IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT
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O. I. Maslova, A. A. Baranov, L. S. Namazova-Baranova, G. A. Karkashadze, A. M. Mamedyarov, M. L. Lazarev, O. I. Muradova, T. A. Konstantinidi, A. V. Anikin, L. M. Kuzenkova, S. B. Lazurenko, S. A. Nemkova, and A. G. Ilyin
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cognitive functions ,development regularities ,cognitive disorders ,diagnostics ,treatment ,children ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
The article gives scientific data on the development of cognitive brain functions in children in relation to their clinical significance and application: variants and regularities of development in normal state, pathology and at their boundary; pathological development of cognitive performance; origination and transformation of main symptoms and syndromes of cognitive disorders. Prospective and applied in the Center scientific approaches to diagnostics and treatment of cognitive disorders taking into consideration their development in age dynamics are given in detail. A complex of measures on the improvement of cognitive health in children and adolescents in the Russian Federation is suggested on the analysis results.
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- 2012
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10. Neurological Aspects of the Sequelae of COVID-19 in Children
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S. A. Nemkova
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General Neuroscience - Published
- 2022
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11. [Features of positive personality phenomena in patients with mild cognitive impairment and asthenic syndrome treated with recognan (citicoline)]
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N N Zavadenko, M Yu Vozvyshaeva, S A Nemkova, and D V Semenov
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Adult ,Male ,Cytidine Diphosphate Choline ,Adolescent ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Personality psychology ,Personality Disorders ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Emotional Maturity ,Medicine ,Personality ,Humans ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Big Five personality traits ,Projective test ,Cognitive impairment ,media_common ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Asthenia ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Positive psychology ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Citicoline ,medicine.drug ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
To assess the formation of positive personality phenomena in patients with mild cognitive impairment and asthenic syndrome during the treatment with recognan (citicoline).Thirty-eight patients (17 men and 21 women), aged 18 to 45 years (mean age 27.8±12.1 years), with asthenic syndrome with mild cognitive impairment (ICD-10 F06.7) were examined. Patients were divided into two groups: 20 people in the main group and 18 people in the comparison group. The main group received recognan (orally, in solution, 100 mg in 1 ml) for 30 days, the daily dosage of the drug was 0.5 g (5 ml solution). The comparison group did not receive any medications. Adapted methods of positive personality psychology were used: the Fordyce Emotions Questionnaire, the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), the Adult Hope Scale (AHS), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), M. Atkinson's Scale of Emotional Maturity, the projective technique 'Map of experiences'. The follow-up period was 30 days. All subjects were examined three times (at baseline, 15 and 30 days after treatment).After a month of treatment with recognan, there was an improvement of positive personality traits and a significant decrease in negative experiences, indicating the positive impact of the drug on the formation of positive personality manifestations and compensation for emotional disorders in patients with mild cognitive impairment and asthenic syndrome.Цель исследования. Оценка особенностей формирования позитивных личностных феноменов у пациентов с легкими когнитивными нарушениями и астеническим синдромом, а также их динамики в процессе использования препарата Рекогнан (цитиколин). Материал и методы. Обследовали 38 пациентов,17 мужчин и 21 женщину, в возрасте от 18 до 45 лет (средний возраст 27,8±12,1 года), у которых диагностирован астенический синдром с легкими когнитивными расстройствами (рубрика F06.7 по МКБ-10). Больные были разделены на две группы: 20 человек в основной группе и 18 человек в группе сравнения. Основная группа получала лечение препаратом Рекогнан (перорально, в растворе, 100 мг в 1 мл) в течение 30 дней, суточная дозировка препарата составляла 0,5 г (5 мл раствора). В группе сравнения лекарственную терапию не проводили. Для оценки состояния больных и личностных изменений применяли следующие психологические тесты и шкалы: 'Эмоциональный тест Фордайса', 'Шкала субъективного счастья', 'Шкала надежды', 'Шкала эмоциональной зрелости М. Аткинсона', 'Шкала удовлетворенности жизнью', проективная методика 'Карта переживаний'. Период наблюдения составил 30 дней. Все испытуемые были обследованы 3 раза (до начала исследования, на 15-й и 30-й дни). Результаты и заключение. После месячного курса лечения Рекогнаном отмечено улучшение показателей по шкалам, направленным на оценку позитивных изменений личности, а также достоверное уменьшение негативных переживаний, что свидетельствовало о положительном влиянии препарата на формирование у больных с легкими когнитивными нарушениями при астеническом синдроме позитивных личностных проявлений и компенсацию эмоциональных нарушений.
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- 2020
12. [Speech disorders in children with cerebral palsy: diagnostics and correction]
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S A Nemkova
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Cerebral Palsy ,medicine.disease ,Speech Disorders ,Cerebral palsy ,03 medical and health sciences ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,medicine ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Speech ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Child ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
This lecture presents general information about children cerebral palsy concerning current views on its causes and pathogenesis as well as the data on different classifications of speech disorders (localization of lesions, clinical presentations) and their prevalence, which are important for general practitioners. Special attention is drawn to the principles and tasks of diagnostics of speech disorders, organization of treatment-correction measures considering all possible approaches to the care of patients.В лекции представлены не только общие сведения о детском церебральном параличе, касающиеся современных представлений о его причинах и патогенезе развития, но и важные для практических врачей данные о разной классификации речевой патологии (по локализации поражения, клиническим проявлениям) и ее распространенности. Особое внимание обращено на принципы и задачи диагностики речевых нарушений и построения лечебно-коррекционных мероприятий с рассмотрением всех возможных подходов оказания помощи больным.
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- 2019
13. Use of cortexin in the multimodal neurorehabilitation of children
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S. A. Nemkova, N. N. Zavadenko, and N. Yu. Suvorinova
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neurorehabilitation ,children ,infantile cerebral palsy ,cortexin ,cognitive impairments ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
The article reviews studies dealing with the use of the polypeptide nootropic and neurometabolic stimulant cortexin in the multimodal rehabilitation of patients with central nervous system diseases. The high efficiency of using cortexin is shown to be due to a combination of nootropic, neurotrophic, neuroprotective, reparative, and anticonvulsive effects, as well as antioxidant, metabolic, and antistress activities, which determines its high therapeutic efficacy in multimodal correction.
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- 2016
14. The influence of the drug recognan (citicoline) on neurodynamic characteristics of mental activity in patients with mild cognitive impairment
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N N Zavadenko, M Yu Vozvyshaeva, S A Nemkova, and D V Semenov
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Adult ,Male ,Drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cytidine Diphosphate Choline ,Adolescent ,Wilcoxon signed-rank test ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cognition ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pharmacotherapy ,Humans ,Medicine ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,In patient ,Cognitive impairment ,Nootropic Agents ,030304 developmental biology ,media_common ,0303 health sciences ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,Mental activity ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Pharmaceutical Preparations ,Physical therapy ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Citicoline ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The aim of the study was to study the effect of the drug recognan (citicoline) on the neurodynamic characteristics of mental activity in patients with mild cognitive impairment.A survey of 58 subjects (17 of them male and 41 female) aged 18-45 years (average age 27.2±12.5 years) was conducted. Clinical diagnosis according to ICD-10 «Mild cognitive impairment» (F06.7). The main subgroup included29 people received oral recognan therapy (in solution, 100 mg in 1 ml) for 30 days, with a daily dosage of 500 mg (5 ml of solution). In the control group (29 people) drug therapy was not performed. Tests were used: «Graphic sample», the sample on the reciprocal coordination of the hands (Ozeretsky test), test for the compression of fingers, the test «number series». The follow-up period was 30 days. All subjects were examined three times (initially, in the middle of the study - on day 15, at the end of the study - on day 30).The results obtained showed that the use of the drug recognan (citicoline) has a positive effect on the indicators of visual-motor coordination and spatial representations, neurodynamic characteristics of movement, and cognitive functions. After a 2-week treatment with recognan improved graphical sample, 84% of patients, with reliable improvement according to the Wilcoxon (Изучение влияния препарата Рекогнан (цитиколин) на нейродинамические характеристики психической деятельности у пациентов с легкими когнитивными нарушениями.Проведено обследование 58 пациентов (17 мужчин и 41 женщина) в возрасте 18—45 лет (средний возраст 27,2±12,5 года) с клиническим диагнозом по МКБ-10 «Легкое когнитивное расстройство» (F06.7). В основную группу вошли 29 пациентов, которые получали пероральную терапию Рекогнаном (в растворе, 100 мг в 1 мл) в течение 30 дней, при этом суточная дозировка препарата составляла 500 мг (5 мл раствора). В группе сравнения (29 человек) медикаментозная терапия не проводилась. Использовались тесты «Графическая проба», проба на реципрокную координацию рук (проба Озерецкого), проба на сжимание пальцев, тест «Числовые ряды». Все пациенты обследовались трижды (до начала терапии, на 15-й день терапии, после лечения — на 30-й день).Полученные результаты показали, что применение препарата Рекогнан (цитиколин) оказывает положительное влияние на показатели зрительно-моторной координации и пространственных представлений, нейродинамические характеристики движения, когнитивные функции. После 2 нед лечения Рекогнаном отмечалось улучшение выполнения графической пробы у 84% обследованных, с достоверным улучшением (
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- 2021
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15. The effect of the use of the drug recognan (citicoline) on the state of higher mental functions in patients with mild cognitive impairment
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M Yu Vozvyshaeva, S A Nemkova, E A Petrova, D.V. Semenov, and N N Zavadenko
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Adult ,Male ,Drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cytidine Diphosphate Choline ,Adolescent ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Mental functions ,Nootropic ,Young Adult ,Cognition ,Pharmacotherapy ,medicine ,Humans ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,In patient ,Cognitive impairment ,Nootropic Agents ,media_common ,business.industry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Pharmaceutical Preparations ,Physical therapy ,Female ,Observational study ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Citicoline ,medicine.drug - Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the observational program was to study the effect of the use of the drug recognan (citicoline) on the state of higher mental functions (memory, attention, visual-motor coordination, dynamic praxis,verbal thinking and imagination) in patients with mild cognitive impairment. MATERIAL AND METHODS A survey of 54 subjects (16 of them male and 38 female) aged 18-50 years (average age 28.5±10.5 years) was conducted with a diagnosis of «Mild cognitive impairment» («F06.7»). The group was randomized into 2 subgroups: the main subgroup (26 people) received oral therapy with the drug Recognan, for 30 days, with the daily dosage of the drug being 500 mg. In the control group (28 people), nootropic drug therapy was not performed. Standard psychometric techniques were used to study higher mental functions. All subjects were examined three times (initially, in the middle of the study - on day 15, at the end of the study - on day 30). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION After 2 weeks of treatment with recognan, there was an improvement in concentration in 81.9%, memory in 50% (p=0.008), verbal imagination productivity in 68.2% (p=0.015), counting functions in 60% (p=0.015), visual-motor coordination and dynamic praxis - in 86.4% (p=0.003), increased speed and efficiency of mental work (p=0.001). After a 30-day course of treatment with recognan, there was an improvement in memory in 58.3% of patients (p=0.007), an increase in concentration in 64%, an improvement in counting functions in 64.3% (p=0.011), verbal imagination productivity in 63.3%, visual-motor coordination and dynamic praxis in 86.4% (p=0.007), speed and efficiency of mental work (p=0.006), which indicates a complex positive effect of recognan on higher mental functions in patients with mild cognitive impairment cognitive impairment.
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- 2021
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16. [Mental impairment in children with cerebral palsy: diagnosis and treatment]
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S A Nemkova
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medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Mental impairment ,Cerebral palsy ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Infantilism ,030225 pediatrics ,Perception ,Intellectual Disability ,medicine ,Humans ,Child ,media_common ,Rehabilitation ,business.industry ,Cerebral Palsy ,Cognition ,medicine.disease ,Personality disorders ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Social Adjustment ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Emotional and behavioral disorders - Abstract
The article covers the problems of diagnosis and treatment of mental impairment in children with cerebral palsy. Mental disorders in cerebral palsy include cognitive impairment (disorders of perception, memory, attention, motor-visual coordination, intelligence and speech), border disorders (cerebral/asthenic, neurosis-like, psychopathic-like syndromes) and personality disorders (accentuation of character, mental infantilism). Diagnosis of mental disorders in patients with cerebral palsy is a challenging task, due to various combinations of them with physical, speech and sensory disorders, which requires a differentiated approach. Current trends in comprehensive system of rehabilitation, including medical and social, and psychological-pedagogical correction of cognitive, emotional and behavioral disorders, in cerebral palsy are reviewed. Experience of using cortexin, which compensates for cognitive impairment and improves social adaptation, is discussed.В статье подробно освещаются современные подходы к комплексной диагностике и коррекции нарушений психического развития у детей с церебральным параличом (ДЦП). Показано, что психические нарушения при ДЦП разнообразны и представлены когнитивными расстройствами (нарушения восприятия, памяти, внимания, зрительно-моторной координации, интеллекта и речи), резидуально-органическими пограничными расстройствами (церебрастенический, неврозоподобный, психопатоподобный синдромы), а также патологическим формированием личности (акцентуации характера, психический инфантилизм). Диагностика расстройств психической сферы при ДЦП является сложной задачей ввиду разнообразного сочетания их с двигательной, речевой и сенсорной патологией, что требует комплексного подхода. В статье описаны дифференциально-диагностические критерии для разграничения задержек психического развития и умственной отсталости при ДЦП, а также подробно освещены современные направления комплексной реабилитации (включающей медико-социальную и психолого-педагогическую коррекцию) когнитивных, эмоциональных и поведенческих расстройств у пациентов с церебральным параличом. В статье продемонстрирован и обобщен положительный опыт использования при заболеваниях нервной системы, в том числе ДЦП, современного препарата кортексин, применение которого способствовало значительной компенсации нарушений психического развития, а также улучшению социальной адаптации пациентов.
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- 2018
17. [Modern principles of integrated diagnostics and rehabilitation of perinatal lesions of the nervous system and their consequences]
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S A Nemkova
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Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Movement disorders ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Disease ,Cerebral palsy ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,law ,Central Nervous System Diseases ,030225 pediatrics ,Intensive care ,medicine ,Humans ,Child ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Rehabilitation ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Intensive care unit ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Etiology ,Physical therapy ,Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Peptides ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
The article is devoted to the comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of perinatal lesions of the nervous system and their consequences in children. Reflects modern approaches to data classification conditions, taking into account ideas on the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease, the clinical manifestations of the main syndromes (excitation and depression, hypertensive, convulsive, movement disorders) as the neonatal period, and in the formation of long-term effects (motor and mental delay and speech development, hyperkinetic syndrome, cerebral palsy and others). Considerable attention is paid to the modern principles of diagnosis (clinical, psychometric, instrumental) and comprehensive rehabilitation (medical, social and psycho-pedagogical) the effects of perinatal lesions of the nervous system. The results of the review of research on the use of the polypeptide and nootropic neurometabolic stimulator - cortexin - in the complex rehabilitation of perinatal lesions of the nervous system and their consequences in children. It is shown that the use of cortexin in treatment of critical conditions in newborns reduced the duration of intensive care and the length of stay of patients in a intensive care unit, the average period of hospital treatment and the stage of the primary neurological rehabilitation 2.5-3 times, but also reduces the frequency of detection of syndromes movement disorders in 2 times, hypertension-hydrocephalic disorders 3 times, vegetative-visceral dysfunctions 5 times. Application cortexin in the rehabilitation of children of the first years of life with the consequences of perinatal CNS indicates a significant improvement in their motor and cognitive functions, as well as predrechevogo and speech development. Application cortexin significantly improved the forecast recovery of motor, cognitive, and neurological status in general, with full compensation by the end of 1 year of life in 90% of patients, and was accompanied by a decline in disability in extremely premature newborns from 13.6% to 4.6% compared to the standard therapy, as well as reduced length of stay in hospital for 14.7 days of hospital stay. Revealed the cumulative effect of the drug: maintained for 6 to 18 months with repeated courses of therapy, his positive influence. High efficiency of cortexin due to a combination of nootropic, neurotrophic, neuroprotective, anticonvulsant and reparative effects, as well as antioxidant, metabolic and anti-stress action, which determines the need for wide application in complex regenerative treatment of perinatal lesions of the nervous system and their consequences.Статья посвящена актуальным вопросам комплексной диагностики и лечения перинатальных поражений нервной системы и их последствий у детей. Отражены современные подходы к классификации данных состояний, с учетом представлений об этиологии и патогенезе заболевания, клинических проявлений основных синдромов (возбуждение и угнетение ЦНС, гипертензионные, судорожные, вегетовисцеральные, двигательные расстройства) как периода новорожденности, так и при формировании отдаленных последствий (задержка моторного и психоречевого развития, гиперкинетический синдром, детский церебральный паралич и др.). Значительное внимание уделено современным принципам диагностики (клиническая и инструментальная), а также комплексной реабилитации (медико-социальная и психолого-педагогическая) последствий перинатальных поражений нервной системы. Приведены результаты применения в комплексном восстановительном лечении полипептидного ноотропного и нейрометаболического стимулятора - кортексина. Показано, что использование кортексина в комплексной терапии критических состояний у новорожденных детей сокращает длительность интенсивной терапии и сроки пребывания больных в условиях отделения реанимации, средний срок стационарного лечения и этап первичной неврологической реабилитации в 2,5-3 раза, а также позволяет снизить частоту выявления синдромов двигательных нарушений в 2 раза, гипертензионно-гидроцефальных расстройств в 3 раза, вегетовисцеральных дисфункций в 5 раз. Применение кортексина в реабилитации детей первых лет жизни с последствиями перинатального поражения ЦНС свидетельствует о значительном улучшении у них двигательных и когнитивных функций, а также предречевого и речевого развития. Выявлен кумулятивный эффект препарата: при повторных курсах терапии его положительное влияние сохранялось на протяжении от 6 до 18 месяцев. Высокая эффективность применения кортексина обусловлена сочетанием ноотропного, нейротрофического, нейропротективного, репаративного и противоэпилептического эффектов, а также антиоксидантного, метаболического и антистрессорного действия, что определяет необходимость широкого его применения в комплексном восстановительном лечении перинатальных поражений нервной системы и их последствий.
- Published
- 2017
18. Current possibilities of complex diagnosis and treatment of the consequences of traumatic brain injury
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S A Nemkova
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pediatrics ,Neurology ,Adolescent ,Traumatic brain injury ,Poison control ,Lesion ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Memory ,Brain Injuries, Traumatic ,Injury prevention ,medicine ,Humans ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,Child ,Pathological ,Brain Concussion ,Memory Disorders ,Post-concussion syndrome ,business.industry ,Cognition ,030229 sport sciences ,medicine.disease ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,nervous system ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Article is devoted to topical issues of complex diagnosis and treatment of the consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children, adolescents and adults. Craniocerebral trauma is one of the most important problems of modern neurology, due to the high frequency and severity of disability. In recent years, there has been a steady increase in effects of TBI, a significant part of which are asthenic, autonomic, cognitive, emotional and motor disorders. Factors affecting the severity of the consequences of TBI are: the severity of the injury, the age, at which the injury occurred, the time elapsed since the injury, the localization of the lesion. After mild TBI, the structure of cognitive impairment is dominated by memory and attention disorders (75%), visual-motor coordination, as well as asthenic disorders (88%), chronic headaches (95%). After moderate and severe TBI, there are more pronounced impairment of cognitive and motor functions accompanied by pathological neurological symptoms in 94-100% of children, which leads to difficulties in learning, self-service and has a negative impact on social adaptation. The article describes in detail the modern methods of complex diagnosis, as well as pathogenetically justified methods of drug therapy of cognitive disorders in patients with the consequences of TBI. The high efficacy of the modern cytoprotective drug Cytoflavin in the treatment of the effects of TBI is shown.Статья посвящена актуальным вопросам комплексной диагностики и лечения последствий черепно-мозговой травмы (ЧМТ) у детей, подростков и взрослых пациентов. ЧМТ является одной из наиболее важных проблем современной неврологии ввиду высокой частоты и тяжести инвалидизации. В последние годы отмечается неуклонный рост последствий ЧМТ, значительную часть которых составляют астенические, вегетативные, когнитивные, эмоциональные и двигательные нарушения. Факторами, влияющими на выраженность последствий ЧМТ, являются тяжесть, возраст, в котором произошла травма, время, прошедшее с момента травмы, локализация поражения. После легкой ЧМТ в структуре когнитивных нарушений преобладают нарушения памяти и внимания (у 75%), зрительно-моторной координации, а также астенические расстройства (у 88%), хронические головные боли (у 95%). После среднетяжелой и тяжелой ЧМТ отмечаются более выраженные нарушения когнитивных и двигательных функций, сопровождающиеся патологической неврологической симптоматикой у 94-100% детей, что приводит к трудностям обучения, самообслуживания и негативно сказывается на социальной адаптации в целом. В статье подробно освещены современные методы комплексной диагностики, а также патогенетически обоснованные способы медикаментозной терапии когнитивных расстройств у больных с последствиями ЧМТ. Показана высокая эффективность применения в коррекции последствий ЧМТ современного цитопротективного препарата ЛП Цитофлавин.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Current treatment options for autonomic, cognitive and emotional disorders in patients with asthenic syndrome treated with recognan (citicoline)
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M Yu Vozvyshaeva, S A Nemkova, D V Savchenko, D V Semenov, E A Petrova, and N. N. Zavadenko
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cytidine Diphosphate Choline ,Adolescent ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cognition ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pharmacotherapy ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Psychological testing ,In patient ,Affective Symptoms ,Nootropic Agents ,business.industry ,Treatment options ,Syndrome ,Neurasthenia ,medicine.disease ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Asthenia ,Anxiety ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,Cognition Disorders ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Citicoline ,medicine.drug - Abstract
To study the efficacy of recognan (citicoline) in the treatment of cognitive, emotional, autonomic, asthenic disorders in patients with asthenic syndrome.Thirty-eight subjects (17 men and 41 women), mean age 27.75±12.05 years, with asthenic syndrome (ICD-10 F48.0 - Neurasthenia) were studied. The sample was randomized into 2 subgroups: the main group (n=20) received oral therapy with recognan (100 mg in 1 ml) for 30 days, while the daily dosage was 500 mg (5 ml). In the control group (n=18), no drug therapy was performed. Patient's state was assessed with a large battery of psychological tests and psychometric scales. The follow-up period was 30 days. All participants were examined three times (initially, in the middle of the study (day 15), in the end of the study (day 30)).Asthenic syndrome was detected in 100% of the patients (total asthenia was noted in 70%, decreased activity in 70%, decreased motivation in 40%, physical asthenia in 45%, mental asthenia in 50%). Recognan (citicoline), used for 2 weeks or one month, has a positive effect on the compensation of autonomic, asthenic cognitive and emotional disorders and increases stress resilience of the patients.Цель исследования. Изучение эффективности лекарственного препарата (ЛП) Рекогнан (Цитиколин) в коррекции астенических, когнитивных, эмоциональных и вегетативных нарушений у пациентов с астеническим синдромом. Материал и методы. Обследовали 38 больных неврастенией (по МКБ-10 F48.0), 17 мужчин и 21 женщину в возрасте 18-45 лет с астеническим синдромом. Больные были разделены на две группы. В основной группе (20 человек) проводили терапию ЛП Рекогнан (в растворе, 100 мг в 1 мл) в течение 30 дней, при этом суточная дозировка препарата составляла 500 мг (5 мл раствора). В контрольной подгруппе (18 человек) медикаментозную терапию не проводили. Психическое состояние больных оценивали с применением ряда шкал и тестов. Период наблюдения составил 30 дней. Все больные (как в основной, так и в контрольной группе) были обследованы трижды (исходно, в середине исследования - на 15-й день, в конце исследования - на 30-й день). Результаты и заключение. До лечения астенический синдром был выявлен у 100% обследованных (при этом общая астения отмечена у 70%, пониженная активность - у 70%, снижение мотивации - у 40%, физическая астения - у 45%, психическая астения - у 50%). Применение ЛП Рекогнан как коротким (2-недельным), так и месячным курсом способствовало коррекции астенических, когнитивных, эмоциональных, вегетативных нарушений и повышению стрессоустойчивости пациентов.
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- 2019
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20. [The effectiveness of dynamic proprioceptive correction in patients with cerebral palsy with cognitive impairment]
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S A, Nemkova and O I, Maslova
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Cognition ,Memory, Short-Term ,Treatment Outcome ,Adolescent ,Cerebral Palsy ,Humans ,Child ,Cognition Disorders ,Proprioception ,Postural Balance ,Physical Therapy Modalities - Abstract
One hundred and sixty-seven patients with cerebral palsy (CP), aged 11-16 years, with spastic diplegia (n=87) and hemiparetic forms (n=80), with subgroups of mental retardation (MR) or intellectual delay (ID) have been studied. Standard treatment and application of a method of dynamic proprioceptive correction (MDPC) in the complex rehabilitation with the use of a medical and loading Adeli suit were used. Cognitive deficit in patients was characterized by the relative integrity of short-term nonverbal memory and marked impairment of verbal memory, verbal and nonverbal intellect. CP patients with intellectual delay demonstrated the predominant impairment of verbal functions. CP patients with mental retardation have the deficiency of both verbal and non-verbal cognitive functions. An individual profile of brain functional asymmetry in patients with CP was more lateralized than in healthy peers that can represent a mechanism for irregular development of cognitive functions in CP. Implementing the MDPC into comprehensive rehabilitation promotes the improvement of postural regulation and cognitive functions in children with CP compared to traditional methods of treatment. This is accompanied by the changes in functioning of the associative brain areas and hemispheric interaction.
- Published
- 2013
21. [Kinesthetic characteristics of vertical stability in patients with infantile cerebral palsy]
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A B, Iavorskiĭ, E G, Sologubov, and S A, Nemkova
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Adolescent ,Cerebral Palsy ,Posture ,Visual Perception ,Brain ,Humans ,Hyperkinesis ,Child ,Kinesthesis ,Severity of Illness Index ,Functional Laterality - Abstract
The study aimed at analyzing, a speed of body center of gravity (BCG) displacement and a frequency of its vibrations in sagittal and frontal planes in healthy adolescents and children as well as patients with spastic diplegia hemiparetic, hyperkinetic and atonic-astatic forms of infantile cerebral palsy (ICP) using a platform of computer stabilography in Romberg position. The results obtained suggest the presence of kinesthetic peculiarities of BCG vibration parameters, characteristic of CCP patients and pathognomic for a certain disease type that can be used for differential diagnosis. A low level of the visual control for BCG displacement speed is a common feature for all CCP types. On the other hand, an analysis of spectral characteristics implies an important role of the visual analyzer in the control of BCG vibration frequency. Also a common feature is higher frequency spectrum power in sagittal plane, comparing to frontal one that takes place in healthy persons as well. Individual differences in the vertical postural maintenance were observed. In spastic diplegia and hemiparetic types, speed of BCG displacement is lower than in controls, and special characteristics of its oscillations are similar to those of healthy individuals. In hyperkinetic and atonic-astatic CCP types, speeds of BCG displacement and oscillation spectrum power are very high, being more pronounced in the former one.
- Published
- 2004
22. [An analysis of the gait in patients with different type of infantile cerebral paralysis]
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A B, Iavorskiĭ, E G, Sologubov, and S A, Nemkova
- Subjects
Time Factors ,Reference Values ,Case-Control Studies ,Cerebral Palsy ,Humans ,Gait ,Models, Biological - Abstract
The issue related with impaired temporal movements as observed in patients with infantile cerebral paralysis (ICP) during walking still needs more research since it is a vital problem. The authors analyzed the temporal parameters of the step and of the phase of the key goniography spots within the stretch of the step cycle. The results are indicative of a presence of specific gait temporal indices typical of all ICP variations; they also reveal such indices typical of a certain disease type. The use of biochemical investigations of temporal parameters of the step and movements in legs' joints makes it possible to verify the available motor impairments and to carry out the differential diagnosis of different-type ICP.
- Published
- 2004
23. [Interaction between visual and proprioceptive analyzers in vertical posture control]
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A N, Sinel'nikova, E G, Sologubov, A B, Iavorskiĭ, V I, Kobrin, S A, Nemkova, and A A, Beznosova
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Adolescent ,Cerebral Palsy ,Posture ,Visual Perception ,Humans ,Space Suits ,Child ,Proprioception ,Photic Stimulation - Published
- 2001
24. [Individual profile of functional asymmetries in children with cerebral palsy in application of medical-training suit]
- Author
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S A, Nemkova, V I, Kobrin, E G, Sologubov, A B, Iavorskiĭ, and A N, Sinel'nikova
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Cognition ,Adolescent ,Cerebral Palsy ,Humans ,Gravity Suits ,Child ,Proprioception ,Severity of Illness Index ,Functional Laterality - Published
- 2001
25. [Regulation of vertical posture in patients with children's cerebral paralysis treated with the method of proprioceptive correction]
- Author
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S A, Nemkova, V I, Kobrin, E G, Sologubov, A B, Iavorskiĭ, and A N, Sinel'nikova
- Subjects
Male ,Adolescent ,Cerebral Palsy ,Posture ,Visual Acuity ,Humans ,Female ,Proprioception - Abstract
Maintenance of vertical posture is a complex coordination act dependent on a multi-level system of regulation. Functional state of the visual system may contribute significantly to the implementation of the mechanisms of vertical posture maintenance. Stabilographic examination of healthy teenagers and patients afflicted with the main CCP forms with the method of dynamic proprioceptive correction revealed dependence of posture stability and involvement of the visual analyzer on sex.
- Published
- 2001
26. [Use of computer-assisted stabilography and the method of computer-assisted biomechanical study of gait in the diagnosis of posture and motor disorders in patients with different forms of infantile cerebral paralysis]
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E G, Sologubov, A B, Iavorskiĭ, V I, Kobrin, S A, Nemkova, and A N, Sinel'nikova
- Subjects
Adult ,Adolescent ,Cerebral Palsy ,Posture ,Humans ,Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted ,Proprioception ,Gait ,Biomechanical Phenomena - Abstract
The paper presents and analyzes the results of assessment of vertical stability and walk in patients with infantile cerebral paralysis before and after dynamic proprioceptive correction, which is of great importance for differential diagnosis of different forms of this disease, for controlling the course of therapeutical measures, for working out criteria for the efficiency of treatment.
- Published
- 2000
27. [The individual profile characteristics of cerebral interhemispheric asymmetry during visual stimulation in healthy subjects and in patients with the spastic form of infantile cerebral palsy]
- Author
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A B, Iavorskiĭ, S A, Nemkova, V I, Kobrin, E G, Sologubov, and A N, Sinel'nikova
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Adult ,Adolescent ,Reference Values ,Cerebral Palsy ,Posture ,Humans ,Child ,Dominance, Cerebral ,Photic Stimulation ,Statistics, Nonparametric - Abstract
Individual profiles of brain interhemispheric asymmetry (IPA) and stability in maintenance of the vertical posture have been studied in healthy children and adults and patients with the spastic form of the infantile cerebral palsy before and after visual stimulation. The IPA were built on the basis of motor asymmetry of hands, asymmetry of visual half-fields, and asymmetry of muscle extension tone in vertical position in Romberg test at computer stabilograph. The visual stimulation was realized by unilateral tachistoscopic administration of a verbal stimulus in the visual half-field on the side of worst detection of the master stimulus during the procedure of initial IPA construction. The IPA were different in children, adults, and patients. Even single visual stimulation changed the initial IPA (not only its visual but motor and stability-related components). A correlation was shown between the individual features of realization of the vertical position, initial IPA, age of the subjects, and presence/absence of the cerebral palsy. The visual stimulation led to a decrease in initially low stability and, on the contrary, an increase in initially high stability both in healthy subjects and patients with cerebral palsy, regardless of their handedness. Increase in stability of the vertical posture was accompanied by a decrease in the role of the visual analyzer, and, on the contrary, decrease in stability was associated with an increase in the role of the visual analyzer in stability control. It is necessary to take into account the dissimilar action of sensory stimulation on the IPA and stability of the vertical posture in assessment of the effects of sensory stimulation on healthy persons and patients with CNS lesions, in particular, with cerebral palsy, in the course of development of new ways of treatment.
- Published
- 1999
28. [The influence of space loading suits on interhemispheric asymmetry of the brain in infantile spastic cerebral palsy]
- Author
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A B, Iavorskiĭ, E G, Sologubov, V I, Kobrin, A N, Sinel'nikova, and S A, Nemkova
- Subjects
Adult ,Adolescent ,Cerebral Palsy ,Visual Perception ,Brain ,Humans ,Space Suits ,Child ,Muscle, Skeletal ,Electric Stimulation ,Functional Laterality - Abstract
The paper presents the study concerning influence of somatosensory stimulation (single wearing of either space loading costume "PENGUIN" or its modification--"ADELY" costume) on the individual profile of interhemispheral cerebral assymmetry (IPIHCA) in patients with spastic form of infantile cerebral paralysis (ICP). The computer stabilograph analyzed motor arms' asymmetry, sensory asymmetry of visual hemiareas, asymmetry of the position of centre of gravity. It is shown that peculiarities of the realization of the standing position either with visual control or without it both in healthy individuals and in patients depended on initial IPIHCA. Initial stability was higher in healthy individuals than in patients, besides in healthy persons it was higher in right-handers while in patients--in left-handers. There was possibility of changes of both IPIHCA and stability during keeping up vertical position even during single somatosensory stimulation. For elaboration of new criteria of the estimation of the efficiency of treatment in patients with CNS damages, including ICP, it is necessary to take into consideration different influence of somatosensory stimulation on IPIHC in right-handers and left-handers.
- Published
- 1998
29. [Changes in individual profiles of cerebral hemispheric asymmetry during somatosensory stimulation due to wearing of G-suits by healthy adults and children]
- Author
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A B, Iavorskiĭ, V I, Kobrin, E G, Sologubov, A N, Sinel'nikova, and S A, Nemkova
- Subjects
Adult ,Neurologic Examination ,Adolescent ,Cerebral Palsy ,Posture ,Age Factors ,Gravity Suits ,Somatosensory Cortex ,Motor Activity ,Hand ,Functional Laterality ,Central Nervous System Diseases ,Data Interpretation, Statistical ,Muscle Tonus ,Aerospace Medicine ,Humans ,Dominance, Cerebral ,Software ,Visual Cortex - Abstract
Presented are results of the investigations of individual profiles of the brain interhemispheric asymmetry (IPIHA) in healthy grown-ups and children prior to, during, and immediately after somatosensory stimulation. The somatosensory stimulation was performed by one-time wearing of space g-loading suit PENGUIN and its modification ADELIE. IPIHA was studied by the main functional asymmetries including motor hand asymmetry, sensory asymmetry of the visual hemispheres, body mass center asymmetry (BMA) using a computerized stabilimeter indirectly measuring the muscle tone of contralateral extensor. Results demonstrate differences in IPIHA of grown-ups and children, persons with right- and left-hand motor asymmetry. It was shown that peculiar features of standing posture acquisition with and without visual control are original IPIHA and age dependent. Initial stability was higher in grown-ups than children and right-handed grown-ups and left-handed children. IPIHA and stability of the vertical posture can be modified even during single somatosensory stimulation. Unequal effects of the somatosensory stimulation on IPIHA in right- and left-handed subjects of varying age dictate the necessity to allow for these differences when assessing effects of the somatosensory stimulation in grown-ups and developing criteria of effective therapy of patients with CNS pathology, specifically, infantile cerebral paralysis.
- Published
- 1997
30. Analysis of Gait in Patients with Different Forms of Infantile Cerebral Paralysis.
- Author
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A. B. Yavorskii, E. G. Sologubov, and S. A. Nemkova
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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