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1. Structural determination of bilayer graphene on SiC(0001) using synchrotron radiation photoelectron diffraction

Author

Xavier Wallart, S. Godey, David Phillip Woodruff, Ivy Razado-Colambo, Maria C. Asensio, D. Vignaud, and José Avila

Subjects
Diffraction, TP, Materials science, Stacking, Synchrotron radiation, lcsh:Medicine, 02 engineering and technology, Kinetic energy, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, Article, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, 010306 general physics, lcsh:Science, QC, Multidisciplinary, Valence (chemistry), Graphene, Scattering, lcsh:R, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, lcsh:Q, 0210 nano-technology, Bilayer graphene
Abstract

In recent years there has been growing interest in the electronic properties of ‘few layer’ graphene films. Twisted layers, different stacking and register with the substrate result in remarkable unconventional couplings. These distinctive electronic behaviours have been attributed to structural differences, even if only a few structural determinations are available. Here we report the results of a structural study of bilayer graphene on the Si-terminated SiC(0001) surface, investigated using synchrotron radiation-based photoelectron diffraction and complemented by angle-resolved photoemission mapping of the electronic valence bands. Photoelectron diffraction angular distributions of the graphene C 1s component have been measured at different kinetic energies and compared with the results of multiple scattering simulations for model structures. The results confirm that bilayer graphene on SiC(0001) has a layer spacing of 3.48 Å and an AB (Bernal) stacking, with a distance between the C buffer layer and the first graphene layer of 3.24 Å. Our work generalises the use of a versatile and precise diffraction method capable to shed light on the structure of low-dimensional materials.

Published
2018
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2. Improving the Mediterranean seismicity picture thanks to international collaborations

Author

Rémy Bossu, J. Guilbert, and S. Godey

Subjects
Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, business.industry, Event (computing), Induced seismicity, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Natural (archaeology), Data set, Tectonics, Geophysics, Geochemistry and Petrology, Web page, Statistical analysis, business, Seismology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Parametric statistics
Abstract

The seismicity of the Mediterranean, compiled by the Euro-Mediterranean Seismological Centre (EMSC), is presented for the period 1998–2010. The data set contains earthquakes recorded by more than 3000 stations operated by 78 networks. The Euro-Med Bulletin (EMB) provides parametric information for 273,000 tectonic events. The location resolution is characterised by a constant improvement over the years made possible by gathering steadily increasing data contribution. Dedicated collaboration with the network operators through regular discussion and interaction allow proper review of input and output information. In addition to natural events, seismic networks report data related to nontectonic activity. Discrimination is a crucial step in the production of seismicity catalogues to provide accurate information used for seismic hazard assessment. Over 13 years, 62,000 artificial events are characterised, mostly located in the vicinity of the largest mine and quarry areas of the region. While a large amount of man-related seismic activity is properly described, we show that through statistical analysis, discrimination in the EMB can still be improved. This is especially useful to scan past data, when routine discrimination was usually not performed by local networks. Seismicity catalogues are also useful for integrated access data portal to diverse and distributed seismological products as multi-disciplinary approaches of seismology is necessary. It leads us to propose and develop an e-Bulletin where the scientists could access all type of seismological and engineering products (from strong motion or broad band waveforms to macroseismic analysis) by simply connecting to a single event dedicated web page.

Published
2013
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3. Seismic Architecture of the Archean North American Mantle and Its Relationship to Diamondiferous Kimberlite Fields

Author

S. Godey, Francine Fallara, Stéphane Faure, and Sylvain Trépanier

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Subduction, Proterozoic, Archean, Geochemistry, Geology, Crust, Geophysics, Mantle (geology), Craton, Geochemistry and Petrology, Economic Geology, Xenolith, Kimberlite
Abstract

The seismic architecture of the average Archean-only mantle beneath exposed and subsurface Archean crust of the United States and Canada is presented here in three dimensions for the first time, using a high lateral resolution Rayleigh wave phase velocity model of the upper mantle (30- to 250-km depth). The morphology of the cratonic coherent mantle is compared with other regional and local geophysical models, geologic interpretations, and published xenolith barometric studies. In particular, the kimberlite magma source regions at the Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary (LAB) inferred from xenolith data are consistent with the bottom topography of the Archean seismic mantle signature. The characteristic fast seismic response found beneath much of the exposed Archean crust is also found in Canada beneath some covered terranes, sedimentary basins, and Proterozoic mobile belts. The northeastern and northwestern parts of the Superior craton host, with the central Hearne craton, the deepest mantle roots of North America (225- to 240-km depth). However, the southern portion of the Superior craton is characterized by an east-west channel that is 30 percent slower in seismic velocity than its northern counterpart. This contrasting seismic signature correlates with the location of the southernmost Neoarchean greenstone belts and to their plume-driven subduction zones. The scar in the mantle produced by this early tectonothermal event has been reused by widespread and sporadic carbonatite and kimberlite magmatic events spanning from the Early Proterozoic to the Cretaceous, and as a consequence, the diamond stability field has been partially to totally overprinted. Almost all diamondiferous kimberlites in Canada are located vertically over an interval of 160- to 200-km depth in areas of steep slopes surrounding deep (180–240 km), relatively small, and flat-bottomed Paleo-Mesoarchean cratonic keels.

Published
2011
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4. The Key Role of Eyewitnesses in Rapid Impact Assessment of Global Earthquakes

Author

Gilles Mazet-Roux, Rémy Bossu, S. Godey, Caroline Etivant, Laurent Frobert, Fréderic Roussel, and Robert Steed

Subjects
Peak ground acceleration, Geography, Impact assessment, Climatology, Natural hazard, Landslide, Ground shaking, Seismology, Stock (geology), Rapid assessment
Abstract

Rapid assessment of a global earthquake’s impact, focusing on damage caused by ground shaking (rather than secondary effects such as fires, tsunamis, landslides…), relies first on the spatial distribution of earthquake shaking as estimated by ground-motions prediction equations and on the building stock inventory and related vulnerability (Erdik et al. 2011). However, the variability of the ground-motion predictions model is significant (e.g., Atik et al. 2010), and at the global scale, building stock inventory and related vulnerability are difficult to evaluate with sufficient accuracy and spatial resolution (Porter et al. 2008) leading to uncertainties in impact assessments.

Published
2015
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5. The Euro-Mediterranean Bulletin: A Comprehensive Seismological Bulletin at Regional Scale

Author

J. Guilbert, Gilles Mazet-Roux, S. Godey, and Rémy Bossu

Subjects
Nonprofit organization, Engineering, Geophysics, Seismic hazard, business.industry, Epicenter, Data center, Induced seismicity, Information center, business, Alert system, Seismology, Earthquake location
Abstract

The Euro-Mediterranean Seismological Center (EMSC) is in charge of collecting parametric data to operate a real-time information and alert system for potentially damaging earthquakes and to publish a comprehensive seismological bulletin for the Euro-Mediterranean region. The region is a seismically active area associated with a complex tectonic structure (Dercourt et al. 1986) but monitored by numerous local or national seismological networks. To obtain a coherent image of the seismicity, it is important to gather and merge data from all countries. The Euro-Mediterranean bulletin computed at the EMSC therefore provides a coherent source of information for the scientific community, for seismic hazard studies, or for tomographic and tectonophysic studies. At the global scale, the three main seismological bulletins are produced by the International Seismological Centre (ISC), the International Data Center (IDC), and the National Earthquake Information Center of the United States (NEIC). The ISC produces a worldwide and exhaustive bulletin with a two-year delay and is considered the most comprehensive database (Willemann et al. 2001). The ISC is a nongovernmental and nonprofit organization mostly funded by academic institutions; it works closely with the International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior (IASPEI). Until 2001, the ISC bulletin location had been solely based on P arrivals. After 2001, all phases have been included in the location. The magnitude completeness varies among regions, but the ISC aims to report all events as well as review and relocate those recorded by more than one network. In addition to known earthquake location determination, the ISC searches for events unidentified by the local networks by associating groups of phases from different agencies. The other global bulletin available is provided by the NEIC, which provides three bulletin publications: the Quick Epicenter Determinations (QED), produced daily; and the Preliminary Determination of Epicenters (PDE), produced both weekly …

Published
2006
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6. CBr4 and Be heavily doped InGaAs grown in a production MBE system

Author

S. Dhellemmes, M. Zaknoune, S. Godey, F. Mollot, A. Wilk, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), and Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Electron mobility, Doping, Bipolar junction transistor, Analytical chemistry, Flux, chemistry.chemical_element, Mineralogy, Heterojunction, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 3. Good health, Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Beryllium, Thin film, 0210 nano-technology, Molecular beam epitaxy
Abstract

Carbon doping of In 0o53 Ga 0.47 As has been investigated in a production molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) system equipped with a CBr 4 gas line. Growth temperature and As 4 flux effects on surface morphology and efficiency of carbon doping are studied. Hole concentrations from 1.7 x 10 17 to 1.3 x 10 20 cm -3 have been obtained. A first set of samples shows no significant difference in mobility for comparable beryllium- and carbon-doping levels either in solid source production (Riber MBE49) or in gas source research (Riber MBE32) systems. Best results for carbon doping are obtained with a low As 4 flux and a growth temperature in the 400-425 °C range. A nearly ideal emitter-base I(V) characteristic has been obtained for a doping level of 8 x 10 19 cm -3 , which is promising for high-frequency InP-based HBTs issue.

Published
2005
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7. As–P interface-sensitive GaInP/GaAs structures grown in a production MBE system

Author

A. Wilk, Xavier Wallart, S. Godey, S. Dhellemmes, F. Mollot, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), and Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Photoluminescence, Materials science, business.industry, Doping, Mineralogy, 02 engineering and technology, High-electron-mobility transistor, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Epitaxy, 01 natural sciences, Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Gallium phosphide, Materials Chemistry, Indium phosphide, Optoelectronics, Thin film, 0210 nano-technology, business, Molecular beam epitaxy
Abstract

We investigate GaInP/GaAs high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) epitaxial structures grown in a production molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) system, with different interface commutation procedures. These structures have been designed to be very sensitive to the interface quality. They have been characterized by Hall measurements and photoluminescence. GaP- and GaInAs-type interfaces can be distinguished. Best mobility results occur for few second or even no growth interruption, demonstrating the very low As memory effect of this large MBE system.

Published
2005
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8. SI-Hex: a new catalogue of instrumental seismicity for metropolitan France

Author

Delphine Leobal, Sophie Lambotte, Méric Haugmard, Christophe Maron, Marylin Denieul, Jérôme Van der Woerd, Yves Cansi, Bertrand Potin, Cécile Doubre, Bertrand Delouis, François Thouvenot, Marc Grunberg, Julie Perrot, Sophie Merrer, Olivier Sanchez, Pierre Arroucau, Jean-Paul Santoire, Michel Cara, Anne Deschamps, Antoine Schlupp, Katia Van Der Woerd, Marie Calvet, Matthieu Sylvander, Marc Nicolas, Antoine Mocquet, Arnaud Mignan, J. Guilbert, Sébastien Chevrot, Julien Fréchet, Liliane Jenatton, Olivia Golle, Stéphane Bruno, S. Godey, Eric Beucler, Nicole Béthoux, Alexandra Deboissy, Véronique Mendel, Olivier Sèbe, Marie Macquet, Institut de physique du globe de Strasbourg (IPGS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Détection et de Géophysique (CEA) (LDG), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 6526), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamique terrestre et planétaire (DTP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sismologie (IPGS) (IPGS-Sismologie), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Mediterranean Seismological Centre (EMSC/CSEM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Mécanique des failles, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Domaines Océaniques (LDO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamique globale et déformation active (IPGS) (IPGS-DGDA), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique UMR6112 (LPG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Seismicity, Magnitude (mathematics), Magnitude, Geology, Massif, Seismotectonics, Induced seismicity, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Seismic hazard, Metropolitan France, Discrimination, Seismic moment, France, Seismology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The aim of the SI-Hex project (acronym for « Sismicité Instrumentale de l’Hexagone ») is to provide a catalogue of seismicity for metropolitan France and the French marine economic zone for the period 1962–2009 by taking into account the contributions of the various seismological networks and observatories from France and its neighbouring countries. The project has been launched jointly by the Bureau Central Sismologique Français (CNRS-University/BCSF) and the Laboratoire de Détection et de Géophysique (CEA-DAM/LDG). One of the main motivations of the project is to provide the end user with the best possible information on location and magnitude of each earthquake. So far, due to the various procedures in use in the observatories, the different locations and magnitudes of earthquakes located in the SI-Hex zone were presenting large discrepancies. In the 2014 version of the catalogue, 1D localizations of hypocentres performed with a unique computational scheme and covering the whole 1962–2009 period constitute the backbone of the catalogue (SI-Hex solutions). When available, they are replaced by more precise localizations made at LDG or, for recent times, by the regional observatories within: 1) the French Alps, 2) the southernmost Alps and the Mediterranean domain including Corsica, 3) the Pyrenees, and 4) the Armorican massif. Moment magnitudes Mw are systematically reported in the SI-Hex catalogue. They are computed from coda-wave analysis of the LDG records for most Mw>3.4 events, and are converted from local magnitudes ML for smaller magnitude events. Finally, special attention is paid to the question of discrimination between natural and artificial seismic events in order to produce a catalogue for direct use in seismic hazard analysis and seismotectonic investigations. The SI-Hex catalogue is accessible on the web site www.franceseisme.fr and contains 38,027 earthquake hypocentres, together with their seismic moment magnitudes Mw.

Published
2015
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9. Defects in silicon induced by high energy helium implantation and their evolution during anneals

Author

H. Garem, Esidor Ntsoenzok, C. Blanchard, S. Godey, J. F. Barbott, M. F. Beaufort, and Erwan Oliviero

Subjects
High energy, Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Silicon, Annealing (metallurgy), General Chemical Engineering, Bubble, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Crystallography, chemistry, Transmission electron microscopy, Equal size, Dissolution, Helium
Abstract

Transmission electron microscopy has been used to study the bubbles and the extended defect formation in crystalline Si implanted with helium at a dose of 1017cm−2 at 1.6 MeV and annealed at 800°C, as a function of the annealing time of 16.7–1020 min. Below the bubble layer located near the mean projected range, Frank dislocation loops are observed in addition to long rod-like {113} defects. During the initial annealing stage only Frank loops bound to bubbles are present. Whereas the bubble morphology does not change greatly during longer annealing times, we observe a strong evolution of extended defects located behind the band of bubbles. Indeed, after a 30min annealing, Frank loops and {113} defects resulting from the precipitation of Si interstitials are observed. Then the dissolution of {113} defects takes place and only Frank loops remain. The Frank loops are homogeneously distributed up to 500 nm below the bubble layer and are of equal size. After a 1020 min anneal, no more extended defects...

Published
2000
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10. Reference database for seismic ground-motion in Europe (RESORCE)

Author

B. Hernandez, Fabrice Cotton, Bekir Özer Ay, M. A. Sandikkaya, Paola Traversa, A. Azari Sisi, M. Senyurt, Sinan Akkar, John Douglas, S. Godey, Lucia Luzi, Middle East Technical University [Ankara] (METU), DIN-CEIDRE TEGG-Service Geologie Geotecnique, EDF (EDF), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Sezione di Milano (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), European Mediterranean Seismological Centre (EMSC/CSEM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), EDF SIGMA, and EDF-SIGMA

Subjects
Ground motion, Engineering, business.industry, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Moment magnitude scale, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Building and Construction, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Earthquake and strong-motion station metadata compilation, Distance measures, Metadata, Geophysics, Seismic hazard, Reference database, Range (statistics), Pan-European strong-motion databank, business, Seismology, Regional differences, Strong-motion data processing, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

This paper presents the overall procedure followed in order to assemble the most recent pan-European strong-motion databank: Reference Database for Seismic Ground-Motion in Europe (RESORCE). RESORCE is one of the products of the SeIsmic Ground Motion Assessment (SIGMA; projet-sigma.com) project. RESORCE is intended to be a single integrated accelerometric databank for Europe and surrounding areas for use in the development and testing of ground-motion models and for other engineering seismology and earthquake engineering applications. RESORCE aims to contribute to the improvement of earthquake risk studies in Europe and surrounding areas. RESORCE principally updates and extends the previous pan-European strong-motion databank (Ambraseys et al. in Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata 45:113-129, 2004a) with recently compiled Greek, Italian, Swiss and Turkish accelerometric archives. The updates also include earthquake-specific studies published in recent years. The current content of RESORCE includes 5,882 multi-component and uniformly processed accelerograms from 1,814 events and 1,540 strong-motion stations. The moment magnitude range covered by RESORCE is . The source-to-site distance interval extends to 587 km and distance information is given by the common point- and extended-source distance measures. The paper presents the current features of RESORCE through simple statistics that also quantify the differences in metadata and strong-motion processing with respect to the previous version of the pan-European strong-motion databank.

Published
2014
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11. The European-Mediterranean Distributed Accelerometric Data-Base

Author

Xavier Goula, Carlos Augusto Fernandes de Oliveira, C. Pappaioanou, John Clinton, Philippe Guéguen, Teresa Susagna, A. Roca, Can Zulfikar, S. Godey, Catherine Péquegnat, Institut geològic de Catalunya (IGC), Institut Geològic de Catalunya-IGC, Risques, Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), European Mediterranean Seismological Centre (EMSC/CSEM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Ondes et Structures (Isterre), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Depart Civil Engineering and Architecture (IST), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institute of Engineering Seismology& Earthquake Engineering (ITSAK), ITSAK, Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (KOERI), Boğaziçi University [Istanbul], financement européen, S. Akkar, P. Gülkan, T. van Eck (Eds.), NERIES, European Project: 34012,NERIES, Risques (Risques), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ondes et Structures, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Boǧaziçi üniversitesi = Boğaziçi University [Istanbul], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])

Subjects
Ground motion, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Engineering, Peak ground acceleration, NERIES, Database, Distributed database, business.industry, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 0211 other engineering and technologies, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 02 engineering and technology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, computer.software_genre, Base (topology), 01 natural sciences, Set (abstract data type), Data portal, Accelerometric data, business, computer, database, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; We created an archive for European acceleration data, based on distributed database of accelerogram waveforms, accessed through the new European Earthquake Data Portal (http://www.seismicportal.eu). Data are open to the scientific and engineering community. Currently the 6 core partners contribute data from 1,379 earthquakes with magnitudes ranging from M1.0 to M7.4. Strong Motion Data are available with epicentral distances up to 1,000 km. Additionally, agencies are encouraged to contribute data. Waveforms included in the database are uniformly processed to create a set of engineering parameters that are used to search the database. In addition to the database, we compiled a survey of the existing accelerometric stations in the Euro-Mediterranean region. We expect this platform to be the basis for growing sharing of European Strong Motion Data in an open environment, in as near to real-time as is possible from network operators.

Published
2011
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12. Charge carrier identification in tunneling spectroscopy of core-shell nanocrystals

Author

J. P. Nys, S. Turrell, Yolanda Justo, Raquel Gomes, O. Robbe, T.H. Nguyen, S. Carrillo, Bruno Grandidier, G. Mahieu, Zeger Hens, J. Habinshuti, S. Godey, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l'Environnement - UMR 8516 (LASIRE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL), Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), This work was supported by the European Community ('HERODOT' project, Grant No. PITN-GA-2008-214954) and Nord Pas de Calais region. Z.H. acknowledges the Belgian Science Policy (IAP 6.10 photonics@be)., and European Project: 214954,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2007-1-1-ITN,HERODOT(2008)

Subjects
Condensed matter physics, business.industry, Photoemission spectroscopy, Scanning tunneling spectroscopy, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Semiconductor, Tunnel junction, law, Quantum dot, 0103 physical sciences, Charge carrier, Scanning tunneling microscope, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Spectroscopy
Abstract

Semiconductor PbSe/CdSe core-shell nanocrystals (NCs) in a double barrier tunnel junction have been investigated by means of scanning tunneling spectroscopy at low temperature. From the analysis of the differential conductance peak position as a function of the potential distribution in both potential barriers, we demonstrate a unipolar transport regime for a large amount of NCs. The same charge carriers are injected on both sides of the zero-conductance gap, and the peaks observed at higher energy arise from the charging of the NCs. Similar results are obtained for CdSe/CdS dot-in-rod NCs, indicating that the addition of a shell favors transitions between different charge states rather than single particle excited states. Further characterization of the PbSe/CdSe core-shell NCs by x-ray photoemission spectroscopy reveals that the variations in the transport properties from NC to NC are explained by the occurrence of unprotected PbSe facets that have different orientations in the junction.

Published
2011
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13. Distributed Archive and Single Access System for Accelerometric Event Data: A NERIES Initiative

Author

Philippe Guéguen, S. Godey, Catherine Péquegnat, Raphael Jacquot, Laurent Frobert, Ondes et Structures (Isterre), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Risques, Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), European Mediterranean Seismological Centre (EMSC/CSEM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), financement européen, S. Akkar, P. Gülkan, T. van Eck (Eds.), NERIES, European Project, Ondes et Structures, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Risques (Risques), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Ground motion, Database server, NERIES, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Database, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Computer science, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Reading (computer), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Data portal, Event data, Node (computer science), Accelerometric data, Metric (unit), Timestamp, Data mining, computer, database, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; We developed a common access facility to homogeneously formatted accelerometric event data and to the corresponding sheet of ground motion parameters. This paper is focused on the description of the technical development of the accelerometric data server and the link with the accelerometric data explorer. The server is the third node of the 3-tier architecture of the distributed archive system for accelerometric data. The server is the link between the data users and the accelero- metric data portal. The server follows three main steps: (1) Reading and analysis of the end-user request; (2) Processing and converting data; and (3) Archiving and updating the accelerometric data explorer. This paper presents the description of the data server and the data explorer for accessing data.

Published
2010
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14. Characterization of As-P fnterface-sensitive GaInP/GaAs structures grown in a production MBE system

Author

S. Dhellemmes, A. Wilk, S. Godey, F. Mollot, and Xavier Wallart

Subjects
Photoluminescence, Materials science, business.industry, Interface (computing), Induced high electron mobility transistor, High-electron-mobility transistor, Gallium arsenide, Characterization (materials science), chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Molecular beam epitaxial growth, Optoelectronics, Commutation, business
Abstract

We investigate GalnP/GaAs high electron mobility transistor structures grown in a production MBE system, with different interface commutation procedures. They have been designed to be very sensitive to the interface quality. They have been characterized by Hall measurements and photoluminescence. GaP-type and GalnAs-type interfaces can be distinguished. Best mobility results occur for few second or even no growth interruption, demonstrating the very low As memory effect of this large system.

Published
2005
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15. Multi-4. in production MBE system review for the growth of mixed P-based heterostructures, for optoelectronic applications

Author

P. Gerard, A. Wilk, F. Mollot, Xavier Marcadet, C. Chaix, S. Godey, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), and Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Materials science, business.industry, Heterojunction, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Temperature measurement, Gallium arsenide, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Molecular beam epitaxial growth, 0103 physical sciences, Indium phosphide, Optoelectronics, Production (economics), 0210 nano-technology, business, Production system
Abstract

MBE-growth conditions of mixed As/P and P-based heterostructures are studied. The objective is to improve their optical and structural characteristics. Growths were performed on multiwafer production system. Successive campaign data and maintenance procedure are presented

Published
2005

16. Growth of Be-doped GaInP/GaAs heterostructure bipolar transistor by all solid-source multiwafer production molecular beam epitaxy

Author

Mohammed Zaknoune, P. Gerard, S. Dhellemmes, A. Wilk, F. Mollot, C. Chaix, S. Godey, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), and Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Materials science, Heterostructure-emitter bipolar transistor, business.industry, Heterojunction bipolar transistor, Bipolar junction transistor, Doping, General Engineering, Heterojunction, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Gallium arsenide, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Common emitter, Molecular beam epitaxy
Abstract

The rapid setup of the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth process for GaInP/GaAs heterostructure bipolar transistor (HBT) in an all solid-source multiwafer production MBE system is reported. The first 100×100 μm2 large area test structures enable determination of the static gain, which is above 200. rf measurements on 8×10 μm2 devices exhibit a cut-off frequency fT of 34 GHz. Although most publications concerning production of such devices are related to metalorganic chemical vapor deposition grown material, we intend to demonstrate that MBE is a very efficient method for high volume production of GaInP/GaAs HBT. In particular we emphasize the fact that MBE growth for production of benchmark HBT devices is a high yield process that is attainable in a very short time. In order to optimize device characteristics further work focuses on metallurgical and electrical emitter/base interface studies by means of photoluminescence and I/V measurements on processed PN junctions.

Published
2004

17. Thermal and compositional anomalies beneath the North American continent

Author

Roel Snieder, Frédéric Deschamps, Jeannot Trampert, and S. Godey

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Buoyancy, Soil Science, Aquatic Science, engineering.material, Oceanography, Mantle (geology), Geochemistry and Petrology, Lithosphere, Thermal, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Petrology, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Paleontology, Forestry, Geophysics, Craton, Amplitude, Shear (geology), Space and Planetary Science, Surface wave, engineering, Geology
Abstract

[1] The thermal and compositional structure of the upper mantle beneath the North American continent is investigated using a joint inversion of seismic velocities and density perturbations. The velocity data consist of a new regional shear wave velocity model of North America and the Caribbean region obtained by surface wave tomography. The density data are estimated using a relative density-to-shear velocity scaling factor computed for continents by combining regionally filtered seismic and gravity data. We express the mineralogical variations in the mantle in terms of the global volumic fraction of iron, the parameter which has the strongest influence on density and velocity. The inferred thermal and iron content anomalies are well constrained by the data and show an age dependence down to a depth of 230 ± 50 km. Below the North American craton, the mantle is colder than average and depleted in iron. Maximum values are found at 100 km with = −440 K and = −4%, relative to the average mantle. These chemical and thermal characteristics induce opposite buoyancy forces which could explain the longevity of cratonic lithosphere. In stable continental areas, the signal is of lower amplitudes ( = −280 K and = −2.5% at 100 km). Beneath the western Cordillera, a tectonically active region, we see no significant thermal or chemical anomaly.

Published
2004
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18. High uniformity and high quality P-based heterostructures grown by a production MBE system for optoelectronics applications

Author

P. Gerard, C. Chaix, A. Wilk, F. Mollot, S. Godey, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), and Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)

Subjects
Diffraction, Wavelength, Materials science, Photoluminescence, business.industry, X-ray crystallography, Optoelectronics, Heterojunction, Substrate (electronics), business, Intensity (heat transfer), Quantum well
Abstract

The MBE growth of P-based heterostructures is presented. They have been characterized by means of HRXRD (high resolution X-ray diffraction) and room temperature photoluminescence (PL) measurements. All structures, including AlGaInP on GaAs and InAsP on InP, have been grown in an all solid-source multiwafer production MBE system, the RIBER MBE49. Measured quantum well wavelength uniformity indicates excellent thickness and compositional material uniformity. The wavelength variation is 5 /spl Aring/ over the entire platen for both AlGaInP/GaInP and InAsP/InP layers, demonstrating the uniformity of group III- and V-elements fluxes. PL intensity is very homogeneous over the whole substrate-holder, which further indicates a flat flux profile on the full platen for the As and P valved cracker cells. Because As and P incorporations are sensitive to the substrate temperature, we can also conclude that the growth temperature is uniform. Growths have been performed and optimized on different platen configurations.

Published
2003
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20. Electroisomerization blinking of an azobenzene derivative molecule.

Author

Godey S, Therssen H, Guérin D, Mélin T, and Lenfant S

Abstract

We report here the reversibility and bistability of the switching behavior in an azobenzene derivative induced by the bias applied by a scanning-tunneling microscopy (STM) tip, at low temperature and in ultra-high vacuum environment. This cis- to- trans and trans- to- cis switching were observed during STM imaging in either polarity at +2 V or -2 V, on a sub-second time scale. This results in a blinking effect visible on STM images, corresponding to the reversible switching of the azobenzene molecule under the applied STM bias through an electric field induced process., (© 2025 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.)

Published
2025
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21. A crown-ether loop-derivatized oligothiophene doubly attached on gold surface as cation-binding switchable molecular junction.

Author

Tran TK, Smaali K, Hardouin M, Bricaud Q, Oçafrain M, Blanchard P, Lenfant S, Godey S, Roncali J, and Vuillaume D

Abstract

A crown-ether dithiol quaterthiophene is synthesized and immobilized on gold surface by double covalent fixation. UV-vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry show that the corresponding dithioester precursor can complex Pb(2+) in solution and that this property is maintained for monolayers of the dithiol on gold. Current-voltage measurements by eutectic GaIn drop contact on the monolayer show a significant increase (up to 1.6 × 10(3) times) of the current at low bias after Pb(2+) complexation., (Copyright © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)

Published
2013
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22. Thiolate chemistry: a powerful and versatile synthetic tool for immobilization/functionalization of oligothiophenes on a gold surface.

Author

Tran TK, Bricaud Q, Oçafrain M, Blanchard P, Roncali J, Lenfant S, Godey S, Vuillaume D, and Rondeau D

Abstract

The synthesis and characterization of a series of quaterthiophenes (4Ts) with thiolate groups protected with 2-cyanoethyl (CNE), 2-trimethylsilylethyl (TMSE), and acetyl (Ac) groups are described. Sequential cleavage of these different protecting groups allows for the preparation of 4Ts derivatized with ferrocene and/or alkanethiol chains. The electrochemical behavior of these compounds has been analyzed in solution by cyclic voltammetry (CV). A ferrocene-derivatized dithiol 4T 14 and a dithiol 4T 15 with two TMSE-protected thiolate groups have been immobilized on a gold surface as monolayers that have been characterized by CV, ellipsometry, contact-angle measurement, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that molecules 14 and 15 are doubly grafted with a horizontal orientation of the conjugated system relative to the surface. Furthermore, application of the deprotection/alkylation sequence of the remaining protected thiolate groups on a monolayer of 15 allows for efficient post-functionalization., (Copyright © 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)

Published
2011
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23. Gold-free growth of GaAs nanowires on silicon: arrays and polytypism.

Author

Plissard S, Dick KA, Larrieu G, Godey S, Addad A, Wallart X, and Caroff P

Abstract

We report growth by molecular beam epitaxy and structural characterization of gallium-nucleated GaAs nanowires on silicon. The influences of growth temperature and V/III ratio are investigated and compared in the case of oxide-covered and oxide-free substrates. We demonstrate a precise positioning process for Ga-nucleated GaAs nanowires using a hole array in a dielectric layer thermally grown on silicon. Crystal quality is analyzed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Crystal structure evolves from pure zinc blende to pure wurtzite along a single nanowire, with a transition region.

Published
2010
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24. High on-off conductance switching ratio in optically-driven self-assembled conjugated molecular systems.

Author

Smaali K, Lenfant S, Karpe S, Oçafrain M, Blanchard P, Deresmes D, Godey S, Rochefort A, Roncali J, and Vuillaume D

Abstract

A new azobenzene-thiophene molecular switch is designed, synthesized, and used to form self-assembled monolayers (SAM) on gold. An "on/off" conductance ratio up to 7 x 10(3) (with an average value of 1.5 x 10(3)) is reported. The "on" conductance state is clearly identified to the cis isomer of the azobenzene moiety. The high on/off ratio is explained in terms of photoinduced, configuration-related changes in the electrode-molecule interface energetics (changes in the energy position of the molecular orbitals with respect to the Fermi energy of electrodes) in addition to changes in the tunnel barrier length (length of the molecules). First principles density functional calculations demonstrate a better delocalization of the frontier orbitals as well as a stronger electronic coupling between the azobenzene moiety and the electrode for the cis configuration over the trans one. Measured photoionization cross sections for the molecules in the SAM are close to the known values for azobenzene derivatives in solution.

Published
2010
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25. Structural control of the horizontal double fixation of oligothiophenes on gold.

Author

Tran TK, Oçafrain M, Karpe S, Blanchard P, Roncali J, Lenfant S, Godey S, and Vuillaume D

Abstract

Quaterthiophenes bearing one (1) or two (2) alkanethiol chains attached at the internal beta-position of the outermost thiophene ring through a sulfide linkage have been synthesized. Cyclic voltammetric analysis of their electrochemical behavior in solution suggests that electrooxidation of the doubly substituted oligomer 2 leads to electrodeposition of a poly(disulfide) on the anode surface. Monolayers of 1 or 2 on gold surfaces have been investigated and characterized by cyclic voltammetry, ellipsometry, contact angle measurement, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results of these investigations indicate that introduction of two thiol groups in the structure leads to double fixation of the oligothiophene chain with the main axis of the conjugated system oriented parallel to the surface. The effects of single versus double fixation of the quaterthiophene chain on the electrochemical properties and stability of the corresponding monolayers are discussed.

Published
2008
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