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46 results on '"S. Lucht"'

1. The Double Chooz antineutrino detectors

Author

H. de Kerret, Y. Abe, C. Aberle, T. Abrahão, J. M. Ahijado, T. Akiri, J. M. Alarcón, J. Alba, H. Almazan, J. C. dos Anjos, S. Appel, F. Ardellier, I. Barabanov, J. C. Barriere, E. Baussan, A. Baxter, I. Bekman, M. Bergevin, A. Bernstein, W. Bertoli, T. J. C. Bezerra, L. Bezrukov, C. Blanco, N. Bleurvacq, E. Blucher, H. Bonet, M. Bongrand, N. S Bowden, T. Brugière, C. Buck, M. Buizza Avanzini, J. Busenitz, A. Cabrera, E. Caden, E. Calvo, L. Camilleri, R. Carr, S. Cazaux, J. M. Cela, M. Cerrada, P. J. Chang, P. Charon, E. Chauveau, P. Chimenti, T. Classen, A. P. Collin, E. Conover, J. M Conrad, S. Cormon, O. Corpace, B. Courty, J. I. Crespo-Anadón, M. Cribier, K. Crum, S. Cuadrado, A. Cucoanes, M. D’Agostino, E. Damon, J. V. Dawson, S. Dazeley, M. Dierckxsens, D. Dietrich, Z. Djurcic, F. Dorigo, M. Dracos, V. Durand, Y. Efremeko, M. Elnimr, A. Etenko, E. Falk, M. Fallot, M. Fechner, J. Felde, S. M. Fernandes, C. Fernández-Bedoya, D. Francia, D. Franco, V. Fischer, A. J. Franke, M. Franke, H. Furuta, F. Garcia, J. Garcia, I. Gil-Botella, L. Giot, A. Givaudan, M. Göger-Neff, H. Gomez, L. F. G. Gonzalez, L. Goodenough, M. C. Goodman, J. Goon, B. Gramlich, D. Greiner, A. Guertin, B. Guillon, S. M. Habib, Y. Haddad, T. Hara, F. X. Hartmann, J. Hartnell, J. Haser, A. Hatzikoutelis, D. Hellwig, S. Hervé, R. Hofacker, G. Horton-Smith, A. Hourlier, M. Ishitsuka, K. Jänner, S. Jiménez, J. Jochum, C. Jollet, F. Kaether, K. Kale, L. Kalousis, Y. Kamyshkov, M. Kaneda, D. M. Kaplan, M. Karakac, T. Kawasaki, E. Kemp, Y. Kibe, T. Kirchner, T. Konno, D. Kryn, T. Kutter, M. Kuze, T. Lachenmaier, C. E. Lane, C. Langbrandtner, T. Lasserre, C. Lastoria, L. Latron, C. Leonardo, A. Letourneau, D. Lhuillier, H. P. Lima, M. Lindner, J. M. López-Castaño, J. M. LoSecco, B. Lubsandorzhiev, S. Lucht, J. Maeda, C. N. Maesano, C. Mariani, J. Maricic, F. Marie, J. J. Martinez, J. Martino, T. Matsubara, D. McKee, F. Meigner, G. Mention, A. Meregaglia, J. P. Meyer, T. Miletic, R. Milincic, J. F. Millot, A. Minotti, V. Mirones, H. Miyata, Th. A. Mueller, Y. Nagasaka, K. Nakajima, D. Navas-Nicolás, Y. Nikitenko, P. Novella, L. Oberauer, M. Obolensky, A. Onillon, A. Oralbaev, I. Ostrovskiy, C. Palomares, S. J. M. Peeters, I. M. Pepe, S. Perasso, P. Perrin, P. Pfahler, A. Porta, G. Pronost, J. C. Puras, R. Quéval, J. L. Ramirez, J. Reichenbacher, B. Reinhold, M. Reissfelder, A. Remoto, D. Reyna, I. Rodriguez, M. Röhling, R. Roncin, N. Rudolf, B. Rybolt, Y. Sakamoto, R. Santorelli, F. Sato, U. Schwan, S. Schönert, S. Schoppmann, L. Scola, M. Settimo, M. A. Shaevitz, R. Sharankova, V. Sibille, J.-L. Sida, V. Sinev, D. Shrestha, M. Skorokhvatov, P. Soldin, J. Spitz, A. Stahl, I. Stancu, P. Starzynski, M. R. Stock, L. F. F. Stokes, M. Strait, A. Stüken, F. Suekane, S. Sukhotin, T. Sumiyoshi, Y. Sun, Z. Sun, R. Svoboda, H. Tabata, N. Tamura, K. Terao, A. Tonazzo, F. Toral, M. Toups, H. Trinh Thi, F. Valdivia, G. Valdiviesso, N. Vassilopoulos, A. Verdugo, C. Veyssiere, B. Viaud, D. Vignaud, M. Vivier, S. Wagner, C. Wiebusch, B. White, L. Winslow, M. Worcester, M. Wurm, J. Wurtz, G. Yang, J. Yáñez, F. Yermia, and K. Zbiri

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract This article describes the setup and performance of the near and far detectors in the Double Chooz experiment. The electron antineutrinos of the Chooz nuclear power plant were measured in two identically designed detectors with different average baselines of about 400 m and 1050 m from the two reactor cores. Over many years of data taking the neutrino signals were extracted from interactions in the detectors with the goal of measuring a fundamental parameter in the context of neutrino oscillation, the mixing angle $$\theta _{13}$$ θ 13 . The central part of the Double Chooz detectors was a main detector comprising four cylindrical volumes filled with organic liquids. From the inside towards the outside there were volumes containing gadolinium-loaded scintillator, gadolinium-free scintillator, a buffer oil and, optically separated, another liquid scintillator acting as veto system. Above this main detector an additional outer veto system using plastic scintillator strips was installed. The technologies developed in Double Chooz were inspiration for several other antineutrino detectors in the field. The detector design allowed implementation of efficient background rejection techniques including use of pulse shape information provided by the data acquisition system. The Double Chooz detectors featured remarkable stability, in particular for the detected photons, as well as high radiopurity of the detector components.

Published
2022
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6. Road traffic noise and incident diabetes mellitus after 5 years of follow-up - Results from the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study

Author

S Ohlwein, F Hennig, S Lucht, S Moebus, KH Jöckel, and B Hoffmann

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Recall, diabetes, business.industry, traffic noise, Follow up results, 610 Medical sciences, Medicine, Audiology, medicine.disease, Noise, ddc: 610, Diabetes mellitus, epidemiology, business, Road traffic, Cartography
Abstract

Background: Road traffic noise affects a large number of people in urbanized areas and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Recent studies suggested a possible link between exposure to noise and metabolic outcomes. Objective: This study investigated the effect of outdoor and indoor residential[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 51. Kongress für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin

Published
2017

7. Background-independent measurement of θ13 in Double Chooz

Author

Z. Djurcic, A. Stahl, M. Kuze, Christian Buck, B. Rybolt, J. Spitz, J. Maricic, Amanda Porta, H. de Kerret, D. Dietrich, R. Santorelli, J. M. López-Castaño, I. M. Pepe, P. Chimenti, Muriel Fallot, P. Novella, C. Grant, Yuri Kamyshkov, T. Matsubara, Y. Sakamoto, L. B. Bezrukov, M. Franke, J. Haser, A.C. Schilithz, V. Zimmer, A. Cucoanes, Florian Kaether, P.-J. Chang, I. Bekman, J. Felde, D. Franco, R. Carr, R. Sharankova, E. Kemp, N. Vassilopoulos, C. Mariani, J. C. dos Anjos, A.V. Etenko, J.V. Dawson, A. Minotti, Yoshio Abe, Josef Jochum, V. Sibille, J. M. LoSecco, M. D. Skorokhvatov, Michael Wurm, H. Watanabe, A. Stüken, F. Sato, F. von Feilitzsch, C. Palomares, I. Gil-Botella, A. Hourlier, Lydie Giot, Audrey Letourneau, E. Damon, M. Röhling, M. Vivier, D. Kryn, Sebastian Wagner, Anselmo Meregaglia, Y. Nikitenko, Daniel M. Kaplan, G. Yang, Marcos Cerrada, M. Elnimr, Manfred Lindner, H. P. Lima, Antoine Collin, J. Reichenbacher, Robert Svoboda, Eric Baussan, S. M. Fernandes, V. V. Sinev, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, Marcos Dracos, S. Schönert, T. Sumiyoshi, J. Busenitz, Kazuhiro Terao, Stefan Schoppmann, David Lhuillier, Lothar Oberauer, Thierry Lasserre, G. Mention, J. C. Barriere, L. Camilleri, M. Göger-Neff, M. Obolensky, S. Shimojima, Anatael Cabrera, F. Yermia, Christopher Wiebusch, G. A. Valdiviesso, I. Stancu, Michael Hofmann, Cécile Jollet, B. Reinhold, G. A. Horton-Smith, L. N. Kalousis, T.J.C. Bezerra, Matthew L Strait, H. H. Trinh Thi, M. C. Goodman, S. Roth, Yasushi Nagasaka, H. Furuta, M. H. Shaevitz, E. Conover, G. Pronost, A. Onillon, T. Kawasaki, S. Perasso, S. V. Sukhotin, A. Osborn, E. Smith, J. Maeda, J. Martino, N. Haag, Luis González, L. Goodenough, A. Tonazzo, E. Blucher, T. Miletic, Janet Conrad, R. Milincic, T. Konno, F. Suekane, L.F.F. Stokes, Tobias Lachenmaier, K. Nakajima, R. Roncin, Ying Sun, T. Hara, M. Bergevin, K. Crum, J. I. Crespo-Anadón, V. Fischer, S. Lucht, E. Chauveau, E. Caden, Masaki Ishitsuka, Lindley Winslow, P. Pfahler, C. E. Lane, and C. Veyssiere

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Oscillation, CHOOZ, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, Modulation (music), Neutron, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Charged current, Mixing (physics)
Abstract

The oscillation results published by the Double Chooz Collaboration in 2011 and 2012 rely on background models substantiated by reactor-on data. In this analysis, we present a background-model-independent measurement of the mixing angle θ13 by including 7.53 days of reactor-off data. A global fit of the observed antineutrino rates for different reactor power conditions is performed, yielding a measurement of both θ13 and the total background rate. The results on the mixing angle are improved significantly by including the reactor-off data in the fit, as it provides a direct measurement of the total background rate. This reactor rate modulation analysis considers antineutrino candidates with neutron captures on both Gd and H, whose combination yields sin2(2θ13)=0.102±0.028(stat.)±0.033(syst.). The results presented in this study are fully consistent with the ones already published by Double Chooz, achieving a competitive precision. They provide, for the first time, a determination of θ13 that does not depend on a background model.

Published
2014
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8. First measurement of θ13 from delayed neutron capture on hydrogen in the Double Chooz experiment

Author

J. Maricic, A. Onillon, S. Roth, S. M. Fernandes, J. M. LoSecco, Anselmo Meregaglia, A. Hatzikoutelis, Masahiro Kuze, Th. A. Mueller, R. Santorelli, H. H. Trinh Thi, L. Camilleri, T. Hayakawa, J. Tm. Goon, V. V. Sinev, W. Potzel, M. Franke, I. M. Pepe, P. Chimenti, Matthew L Strait, T. Konno, I. Gil-Botella, Z. Djurcic, T. Matsubara, M. Fechner, Robert Svoboda, R. Roncin, Ying Sun, F. Suekane, L.F.F. Stokes, J. M. López-Castaño, Michael Hofmann, M. Toups, G. Keefer, Muriel Fallot, T. Classen, Steven Dazeley, H. P. Lima, A.V. Etenko, D. Kryn, J.V. Dawson, Amanda Porta, M. Röhling, T. Hara, M. Elnimr, J. Busenitz, R. Carr, Florian Kaether, M. Worcester, J. Felde, D. Franco, I. Stancu, D. Greiner, H. Furuta, B. White, H. de Kerret, Stefan Schoppmann, A. Remoto, C. Aberle, A. Cucoanes, M. Göger-Neff, G. Mention, E. Damon, S. Perasso, J. Ebert, Sebastian Wagner, Manfred Lindner, F. Hartmann, C. Mariani, Antoine Collin, E. Blucher, Josef Jochum, Yasushi Nagasaka, V. Durand, Daniel M. Kaplan, I. Ostrovskiy, P. Novella, L. Bezrukhov, F. von Feilitzsch, G. Pronost, K. Nakajima, Cécile Jollet, B. Reinhold, C. Langbrandtner, Tobias Lachenmaier, Adam Bernstein, P. Perrin, J. Maeda, L. Goodenough, Lothar Oberauer, A. Letourneau, A. Tonazzo, P. Pfahler, C. E. Lane, V. Zimmer, T. Kawasaki, S. Lucht, V. Fischer, R. Milincic, T. Sumiyoshi, E. Caden, A. J. Franke, J. Martino, M. Bergevin, Masaki Ishitsuka, Lindley Winslow, K. Crum, A. Osborn, A. Stahl, J. L. Sida, J. I. Crespo-Anadón, J. Reichenbacher, J. C. dos Anjos, A. Stüken, F. Sato, Yoshio Abe, C. Veyssiere, D. Shrestha, Yuri Kamyshkov, D. McKee, J. Spitz, P.-J. Chang, Marcos Cerrada, Yu. Efremenko, Caren Hagner, M. D. Skorokhvatov, Michael Wurm, H. Watanabe, M. Obolensky, L. N. Kalousis, T.J.C. Bezerra, R. Gama, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, Thierry Lasserre, J. C. Barriere, Manuel Meyer, Marcos Dracos, S. V. Sukhotin, E. Smith, N. Haag, Anna Erickson, J. Haser, T. Miletic, S. Habib, D. Lhuillier, Y. Sakamoto, F. Yermia, Anatael Cabrera, E. Conover, C. L. Jones, M. H. Shaevitz, A. Hourlier, Lydie Giot, E. Kemp, S. Schönert, S. Shimojima, G. A. Horton-Smith, Luis González, Nathaniel Bowden, Thomas Schwetz, Janet Conrad, C. Palomares, Kazuhiro Terao, Christopher Wiebusch, G. A. Valdiviesso, M. C. Goodman, H. Miyata, Christian Buck, B. Rybolt, C. N. Maesano, and D. Dietrich

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Flux, Photon energy, CHOOZ, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Neutron capture, Inverse beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Delayed neutron, Charged current
Abstract

The Double Chooz experiment has determined the value of the neutrino oscillation parameter $\theta_{13}$ from an analysis of inverse beta decay interactions with neutron capture on hydrogen. This analysis uses a three times larger fiducial volume than the standard Double Chooz assessment, which is restricted to a region doped with gadolinium (Gd), yielding an exposure of 113.1 GW-ton-years. The data sample used in this analysis is distinct from that of the Gd analysis, and the systematic uncertainties are also largely independent, with some exceptions, such as the reactor neutrino flux prediction. A combined rate- and energy-dependent fit finds $\sin^2 2\theta_{13}=0.097\pm 0.034(stat.) \pm 0.034 (syst.)$, excluding the no-oscillation hypothesis at 2.0 \sigma. This result is consistent with previous measurements of $\sin^2 2\theta_{13}$.

Published
2013
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9. Muon capture on light isotopes measured with the Double Chooz detector

Author

A. Hourlier, L. B. Bezrukov, Eric Baussan, T. Brugière, S. M. Fernandes, J. Reichenbacher, A.V. Etenko, D. Hellwig, I. Stancu, L. Camilleri, T. Hara, C. Veyssiere, R. Carr, H. Furuta, G. Mention, Anatael Cabrera, J. C. dos Anjos, D. Shrestha, A. Onillon, M. H. Shaevitz, M. Vivier, J. M. LoSecco, C. Alt, Yoshio Abe, Anselmo Meregaglia, J. Spitz, H. Gomez, E. Conover, V. Zimmer, Amanda Porta, Marcos Cerrada, G. A. Horton-Smith, C. Mariani, H. P. Lima, H. de Kerret, G. Yang, J. Maeda, Josef Jochum, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, A.C. Schilithz, I. Bekman, V. Sibille, S. Appel, I. Gil-Botella, N. Vassilopoulos, R. Roncin, J.V. Dawson, S. Perasso, L. Goodenough, Luis González, F. von Feilitzsch, J. Busenitz, R. Santorelli, J. M. López-Castaño, M. Kaneda, Muriel Fallot, B. Reinhold, A. Tonazzo, F. Yermia, Audrey Letourneau, Janet Conrad, E. Damon, E. Blucher, Y. Sakamoto, T. Miletic, Zelimir Djurcic, Matthew L Strait, T. Abrahão, Y. Kamyshkov, M. Franke, R. Svoboda, Masahiro Kuze, Florian Kaether, J. Felde, J. Dhooghe, G. Pronost, F. Suekane, M. Obolensky, L.F.F. Stokes, P. Novella, T. Sumiyoshi, D. Franco, J. Martino, David Lhuillier, V. V. Sinev, N. Walsh, E. Kemp, M. Röhling, Takeo Kawasaki, A. Minotti, I. M. Pepe, P. Chimenti, Lydie Giot, A. Stahl, Lothar Oberauer, T. Matsubara, M. Göger-Neff, R. Milincic, E. Chauveau, Cécile Jollet, S. Schönert, A. Osborn, Yasushi Nagasaka, Daniel M. Kaplan, Stefan Schoppmann, H. Almazan, C. E. Lane, Masaki Ishitsuka, J. Maricic, Tobias Lachenmaier, V. Fischer, Y. Sun, Stephen Robert Wagner, Marcos Dracos, M. Bergevin, S. V. Sukhotin, E. Smith, N. Haag, K. Crum, J. I. Crespo-Anadón, S. Lucht, R. Sharankova, Diana Navas-Nicolas, C. Palomares, Michael Hofmann, Christian Buck, L. N. Kalousis, T.J.C. Bezerra, D. Dietrich, Kazuhiro Terao, A. S. Cucoanes, Christopher Wiebusch, G. A. Valdiviesso, M. C. Goodman, J. Haser, M. D. Skorokhvatov, Michael Wurm, H. Watanabe, Thierry Lasserre, J. C. Barriere, D. Kryn, M. Soiron, H. H. Trinh Thi, Manfred Lindner, Antoine Collin, B. Rybolt, Abe, Y, Abrahao, T, Almazan, H, Alt, C, Appel, S, Barriere, J, Baussan, E, Bekman, I, Bergevin, M, Bezerra, T, Bezrukov, L, Blucher, E, Brugiere, T, Buck, C, Busenitz, J, Cabrera, A, Camilleri, L, Carr, R, Cerrada, M, Chauveau, E, Chimenti, P, Collin, A, Conover, E, Conrad, J, Crespo-Anadon, J, Crum, K, Cucoanes, A, Damon, E, Dawson, J, De Kerret, H, Dhooghe, J, Dietrich, D, Djurcic, Z, Dos Anjos, J, Dracos, M, Etenko, A, Fallot, M, Felde, J, Fernandes, S, Fischer, V, Franco, D, Franke, M, Furuta, H, Gil-Botella, I, Giot, L, Goger-Neff, M, Gomez, H, Gonzalez, L, Goodenough, L, Goodman, M, Haag, N, Hara, T, Haser, J, Hellwig, D, Hofmann, M, Horton-Smith, G, Hourlier, A, Ishitsuka, M, Jochum, J, Jollet, C, Kaether, F, Kalousis, L, Kamyshkov, Y, Kaneda, M, Kaplan, D, Kawasaki, T, Kemp, E, Kryn, D, Kuze, M, Lachenmaier, T, Lane, C, Lasserre, T, Letourneau, A, Lhuillier, D, Lima, H, Lindner, M, Lopez-Castano, J, Losecco, J, Lubsandorzhiev, B, Lucht, S, Maeda, J, Mariani, C, Maricic, J, Martino, J, Matsubara, T, Mention, G, Meregaglia, A, Miletic, T, Milincic, R, Minotti, A, Nagasaka, Y, Navas-Nicolas, D, Novella, P, Oberauer, L, Obolensky, M, Onillon, A, Osborn, A, Palomares, C, Pepe, I, Perasso, S, Porta, A, Pronost, G, Reichenbacher, J, Reinhold, B, Rohling, M, Roncin, R, Rybolt, B, Sakamoto, Y, Santorelli, R, Schilithz, A, Schonert, S, Schoppmann, S, Shaevitz, M, Sharankova, R, Shrestha, D, Sibille, V, Sinev, V, Skorokhvatov, M, Smith, E, Soiron, M, Spitz, J, Stahl, A, Stancu, I, Stokes, L, Strait, M, Suekane, F, Sukhotin, S, Sumiyoshi, T, Sun, Y, Svoboda, R, Terao, K, Tonazzo, A, Trinh Thi, H, Valdiviesso, G, Vassilopoulos, N, Veyssiere, C, Vivier, M, Von Feilitzsch, F, Wagner, S, Walsh, N, Watanabe, H, Wiebusch, C, Wurm, M, Yang, G, Yermia, F, and Zimmer, V

Subjects
Physics, Semileptonic decay, Particle physics, education.field_of_study, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Population, neutrino physic, 01 natural sciences, Muon capture, Nuclear physics, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutron, Production (computer science), Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Ground state, education
Abstract

Using the Double Chooz detector, designed to measure the neutrino mixing angle $\theta_{13}$, the products of $\mu^-$ capture on $^{12}$C, $^{13}$C, $^{14}$N and $^{16}$O have been measured. Over a period of 489.5 days, $2.3\times10^6$ stopping cosmic $\mu^-$ have been collected, of which $1.8\times10^5$ captured on carbon, nitrogen, or oxygen nuclei in the inner detector scintillator or acrylic vessels. The resulting isotopes were tagged using prompt neutron emission (when applicable), the subsequent beta decays, and, in some cases, $\beta$-delayed neutrons. The most precise measurement of the rate of $^{12}\mathrm C(\mu^-,\nu)^{12}\mathrm B$ to date is reported: $6.57^{+0.11}_{-0.21}\times10^{3}\,\mathrm s^{-1}$, or $(17.35^{+0.35}_{-0.59})\%$ of nuclear captures. By tagging excited states emitting gammas, the ground state transition rate to $^{12}$B has been determined to be $5.68^{+0.14}_{-0.23}\times10^3\,\mathrm s^{-1}$. The heretofore unobserved reactions $^{12}\mathrm C(\mu^-,\nu\alpha)^{8}\mathrm{Li}$, $^{13}\mathrm C(\mu^-,\nu\mathrm n\alpha)^{8}\mathrm{Li}$, and $^{13}\mathrm C(\mu^-,\nu\mathrm n)^{12}\mathrm B$ are measured. Further, a population of $\beta$n decays following stopping muons is identified with $5.5\sigma$ significance. Statistics limit our ability to identify these decays definitively. Assuming negligible production of $^{8}$He, the reaction $^{13}\mathrm C(\mu^-,\nu\alpha)^{9}\mathrm{Li}$ is found to be present at the $2.7\sigma$ level. Limits are set on a variety of other processes.

Published
2016

10. Studying the N+2(C2Σ+u→X2Σ+g) fluorescence excited via the 1s−1π* resonance

Author

S. Mickat, Arno Ehresmann, R. Schill, S. Lucht, V. L. Sukhorukov, K.-H. Schartner, S. Klumpp, Mikhail Lemeshko, Ph. V. Demekhin, H. Schmoranzer, and L. Werner

Subjects
Physics, Auger effect, Polyatomic ion, Resonance, Condensed Matter Physics, Quantum number, Fluorescence, Diatomic molecule, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, symbols.namesake, Ab initio quantum chemistry methods, Excited state, symbols, Atomic physics
Abstract

Fluorescence from fragments formed after the de-excitation of the N*2(1s−1π*) resonance has been measured in the spectral range of 135–190 nm. This range is dominated by lines in atomic nitrogen and lines formed by overlapping C2Σ+u(v') → X2Σ+g(v'') bands with Δv = const in the N+2 molecular ion which result from the spectator Auger decays of the N*2(1s−1π*(vr)) resonances. Ab initio calculations of the corresponding potential curves and transition probabilities showed that the observed irregular intensity dependence of the C2Σ+u(v') → X2Σ+g(v'')(Δv = const) fluorescence lines on the vibrational quantum number vr is due to transitions between vibrational levels during the reaction N2(v0 = 0)→ N*2(1s−1π*(vr)) C2Σ+u(v') → X2Σ+g(v'').

Published
2005
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11. Photoaddressable polymers for liquid crystal alignment

Author

Rainer Hagen, T. Miteva, Gabriele Nelles, A. Yasuda, Serguei Kostromine, S. Lucht, and Dieter Neher

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Materials science, genetic structures, business.industry, Mesogen, General Chemistry, Polymer, Condensed Matter Physics, Photochemistry, Fluorescence, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, Azobenzene, chemistry, Liquid crystal, Side chain, General Materials Science, Anisotropy, business, Dissolution
Abstract

We demonstrate reversible photoinduced in situ reorientation of low molecular mass liquid crystals (LCs) by means of photoaddressable polymers (PAPs). These polymers contain mesogenic azobenzene side chains optimized to reorient cooperatively and effectively upon illumination with polarized light. Various low molecular mass LCs were introduced between two PAP layers and these sandwich devices were tested with respect to stability and reversibility of photoinduced orientation. Dissolution of the PAP layer by the low molecular mass LC was observed for several material combinations and systematically investigated. Different anisotropic dyes were added as fluorescence markers in order to monitor the photoinduced LC orientation. With an optimized material combination, more than 10 reversible reorientation processes could be realized with polarized light of either 514 or 405 nm wavelength, without any reduction in alignment quality. Further, microscopic polarized fluorescence patterns could be produced and eras...

Published
2003
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12. Precision Muon Reconstruction in Double Chooz

Author

Stefan Schoppmann, Yuri Kamyshkov, P.-J. Chang, M. Obolensky, H. de Kerret, M. Vivier, Kazuhiro Terao, L. N. Kalousis, J. Maricic, Marcos Cerrada, N. Vassilopoulos, M. Elnimr, Christopher Wiebusch, C. Grant, S. Shimojima, M. D. Skorokhvatov, Michael Wurm, Cécile Jollet, B. Reinhold, H. Watanabe, V. Zimmer, G. A. Valdiviesso, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, S. Perasso, G. A. Horton-Smith, M. C. Goodman, J.V. Dawson, A. S. Cucoanes, E. Blucher, A. Osborn, E. Chauveau, Daniel M. Kaplan, T. Miletic, Zelimir Djurcic, R. Milincic, R. Carr, R. Roncin, G. Yang, L. Goodenough, R. Santorelli, M. Kuze, Christian Buck, Ying Sun, B. Rybolt, E. Damon, V. Sibille, J. Reichenbacher, A. Tonazzo, D. Kryn, S. Roth, A.V. Etenko, Eric Baussan, P. Novella, Luis González, G. Pronost, D. Dietrich, Thierry Lasserre, J. M. LoSecco, M. Franke, A. Hourlier, Lydie Giot, Anselmo Meregaglia, T. Hara, J. Maeda, J. C. Barriere, I. M. Pepe, J. Martino, P. Chimenti, Tobias Lachenmaier, Y. Sakamoto, T.J.C. Bezerra, J. C. dos Anjos, G. Mention, S. Lucht, T. Matsubara, David Lhuillier, Marcos Dracos, I. Stancu, A.C. Schilithz, Yoshio Abe, Janet Conrad, J. M. López-Castaño, Lothar Oberauer, S. Schönert, S. M. Fernandes, H. Furuta, Anatael Cabrera, P. Pfahler, C. E. Lane, I. Bekman, Achim Stahl, R. Sharankova, S. V. Sukhotin, E. Smith, J. Dhooghe, L. B. Bezrukov, M. Röhling, Muriel Fallot, E. Caden, J. Haser, E. Conover, M. H. Shaevitz, A. Onillon, L. Camilleri, T. Kawasaki, A. Stüken, A. Minotti, C. Palomares, V. Fischer, N. Haag, M. Göger-Neff, Florian Kaether, C. Veyssiere, Michael Hofmann, J. Felde, D. Franco, V. V. Sinev, Masaki Ishitsuka, Audrey Letourneau, Lindley Winslow, Yasushi Nagasaka, E. Kemp, D. Shrestha, M. Bergevin, F. Suekane, L.F.F. Stokes, T. Sumiyoshi, K. Crum, J. I. Crespo-Anadón, Amanda Porta, J. Spitz, Y. Nikitenko, I. Gil-Botella, C. Mariani, Josef Jochum, F. Yermia, Matthew L Strait, Robert Svoboda, F. von Feilitzsch, H. P. Lima, J. Busenitz, Sebastian Wagner, Manfred Lindner, Antoine Collin, N. Walsh, H. H. Trinh Thi, Double Chooz Collaboration, Département d'Ingénierie des Systèmes (ex SIS) (DIS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Max-Planck-Institut, Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPP), Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) (DPHN), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Double Chooz, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Conrad, Janet Marie, Spitz, Joshua B., Terao, Kazuhiro, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Double-CHOOZ, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Abe, Y, Dos Anjos, J, Barriere, J, Baussan, E, Bekman, I, Bergevin, M, Bezerra, T, Bezrukov, L, Blucher, E, Buck, C, Busenitz, J, Cabrera, A, Caden, E, Camilleri, L, Carr, R, Cerrada, M, Chang, P, Chauveau, E, Chimenti, P, Collin, A, Conover, E, Conrad, J, Crespo-Anadon, J, Crum, K, Cucoanes, A, Damon, E, Dawson, J, Dhooghe, J, Dietrich, D, Djurcic, Z, Dracos, M, Elnimr, M, Etenko, A, Fallot, M, Von Feilitzsch, F, Felde, J, Fernandes, S, Fischer, V, Franco, D, Franke, M, Furuta, H, Gil-Botella, I, Giot, L, Goger-Neff, M, Gonzalez, L, Goodenough, L, Goodman, M, Grant, C, Haag, N, Hara, T, Haser, J, Hofmann, M, Horton-Smith, G, Hourlier, A, Ishitsuka, M, Jochum, J, Jollet, C, Kaether, F, Kalousis, L, Kamyshkov, Y, Kaplan, D, Kawasaki, T, Kemp, E, De Kerret, H, Kryn, D, Kuze, M, Lachenmaier, T, Lane, C, Lasserre, T, Letourneau, A, Lhuillier, D, Lima, J, Lindner, M, Lopez-Castano, J, Losecco, J, Lubsandorzhiev, B, Lucht, S, Maeda, J, Mariani, C, Maricic, J, Martino, J, Matsubara, T, Mention, G, Meregaglia, A, Miletic, T, Milincic, R, Minotti, A, Nagasaka, Y, Nikitenko, Y, Novella, P, Oberauer, L, Obolensky, M, Onillon, A, Osborn, A, Palomares, C, Pepe, I, Perasso, S, Pfahler, P, Porta, A, Pronost, G, Reichenbacher, J, Reinhold, B, Rohling, M, Roncin, R, Roth, S, Rybolt, B, Sakamoto, Y, Santorelli, R, Schilithz, A, Schonert, S, Schoppmann, S, Shaevitz, M, Sharankova, R, Shimojima, S, Shrestha, D, Sibille, V, Sinev, V, Skorokhvatov, M, Smith, E, Spitz, J, Stahl, A, Stancu, I, Stokes, L, Strait, M, Stuken, A, Suekane, F, Sukhotin, S, Sumiyoshi, T, Sun, Y, Svoboda, R, Terao, K, Tonazzo, A, Trinh Thi, H, Valdiviesso, G, Vassilopoulos, N, Veyssiere, C, Vivier, M, Wagner, S, Walsh, N, Watanabe, H, Wiebusch, C, Winslow, L, Wurm, M, Yang, G, Yermia, F, and Zimmer, V

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, STRIPS, Double Chooz, Muon reconstruction, Neutrino detector, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], CHOOZ, Scintillator, High Energy Physics - Experiment, law.invention, NO, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), law, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation, Image resolution, Physics, Muon, Detector, Reconstruction algorithm, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

We describe a muon track reconstruction algorithm for the reactor anti-neutrino experiment Double Chooz. The Double Chooz detector consists of two optically isolated volumes of liquid scintillator viewed by PMTs, and an Outer Veto above these made of crossed scintillator strips. Muons are reconstructed by their Outer Veto hit positions along with timing information from the other two detector volumes. All muons are fit under the hypothesis that they are through-going and ultrarelativistic. If the energy depositions suggest that the muon may have stopped, the reconstruction fits also for this hypothesis and chooses between the two via the relative goodness-of-fit. In the ideal case of a through-going muon intersecting the center of the detector, the resolution is ∼40 mm in each transverse dimension. High quality muon reconstruction is an important tool for reducing the impact of the cosmogenic isotope background in Double Chooz., National Science Foundation (U.S.), United States. Department of Energy

Published
2014
Full Text
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13. Ortho-positronium observation in the Double Chooz experiment

Author

R. Milincic, Christian Buck, B. Rybolt, S. V. Sukhotin, A. Minotti, Ernesto Kemp, Cécile Jollet, D. Dietrich, M. Röhling, Matthew L Strait, N. Haag, G. Pronost, E. Damon, J. Martino, E. Caden, S. Lucht, A.V. Etenko, Masahiro Kuze, Eric Baussan, E. Chauveau, L. B. Bezrukov, Michael Wurm, H. Watanabe, M. Obolensky, Kazuhiro Terao, G. Mention, Christopher Wiebusch, G. A. Valdiviesso, P. Novella, R. Sharankova, Lydie Giot, L.N. Kalousis, S. Shimojima, Achim Stahl, Michael H. Shaevitz, M. Göger-Neff, Takeo Kawasaki, V. Zimmer, I. Stancu, K. Crum, Z. Djurcic, D. Lhuillier, M. Cerrada, P. Chimenti, V. Sinev, A. S. Cucoanes, G. A. Horton-Smith, M. Skorokhvatov, R. Carr, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, H. Furuta, A. Tonazzo, C. Mariani, Thierry Lasserre, A. Onillon, Josef Jochum, J. I. Crespo-Anadón, Y. Kamyshkov, J. Busenitz, L. Camilleri, C. Palomares, J. C. Barriere, J. Reichenbacher, Lindley Winslow, H. H. Trinh Thi, F. von Feilitzsch, Anatael Cabrera, Luis González, N. Vassilopoulos, J.V. Dawson, Yasushi Nagasaka, J. Dhooghe, E. Conover, R. Santorelli, T.J.C. Bezerra, V. Fischer, J. Haser, J. Maricic, M. Franke, M. Vivier, Stefan Schoppmann, I. M. Pepe, Eluned Smith, D. Kryn, T. Sumiyoshi, Y. Sakamoto, C. E. Lane, T. Miletic, A. Osborn, M. Ishitsuka, F. Suekane, F. Yermia, L.F.F. Stokes, Sebastian Wagner, Manfred Lindner, Antoine Collin, Y. Nikitenko, P. Pfahler, V. Sibille, T. Hara, Alain Letourneau, E. Blucher, N. Walsh, J. Maeda, L. Goodenough, S. M. Fernandes, I. Gil-Botella, L. Oberauer, C. Veyssiere, J. C. dos Anjos, Amanda Porta, Maury Goodman, Tobias Lachenmaier, Yoshio Abe, A. Hourlier, Daniel M. Kaplan, Janet Conrad, S. Perasso, Anselmo Meregaglia, H. de Kerret, R. Roncin, T. Matsubara, Ying Sun, B. Reinhold, Stefan Schönert, John M. LoSecco, M. Elnimr, Michael Hofmann, C. Grant, D. Shrestha, J. Spitz, M. Bergevin, Stefan Roth, A.C. Schilithz, I. Bekman, A. Stüken, P.-J. Chang, J. M. López-Castaño, Muriel Fallot, Florian Kaether, J. Felde, D. Franco, Robert Svoboda, H. P. Lima, M. Dracos, G. Yang, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) (DPHN), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Ingénierie des Systèmes (ex SIS) (DIS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Conrad, Janet, Spitz, Joshua B., Terao, K., Winslow, Lindley, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Center for Neutrino Physics, Abe, Y, Dos Anjos, J, Barriere, J, Baussan, E, Bekman, I, Bergevin, M, Bezerra, T, Bezrukov, L, Blucher, E, Buck, C, Busenitz, J, Cabrera, A, Caden, E, Camilleri, L, Carr, R, Cerrada, M, Chang, P, Chauveau, E, Chimenti, P, Collin, A, Conover, E, Conrad, J, Crespo-Anado, J, Crum, K, Cucoanes, A, Damon, E, Dawson, J, Dhooghe, J, Dietrich, D, Djurcic, Z, Dracos, M, Elnimr, M, Etenko, A, Fallot, M, Von Feilitzsch, F, Felde, J, Fernandes, S, Fischer, V, Franco, D, Franke, M, Furuta, H, Gil-Botella, I, Giot, L, Goger-Neff, M, Gonzalez, L, Goodenough, L, Goodman, M, Grant, C, Haag, N, Hara, T, Haser, J, Hofmann, M, Horton-Smith, G, Hourlier, A, Ishitsuka, M, Jochum, J, Jollet, C, Kaether, F, Kalousis, L, Kamyshkov, Y, Kaplan, D, Kawasaki, T, Kemp, E, De Kerret, H, Kryn, D, Kuze, M, Lachenmaier, T, Lane, C, Lasserre, T, Letourneau, A, Lhuillier, D, Lima, H, Lindner, M, Lopez-Castano, J, Losecco, J, Lubsandorzhiev, B, Lucht, S, Maeda, J, Mariani, C, Maricic, J, Martino, J, Matsubara, T, Mention, G, Meregaglia, A, Miletic, T, Milincic, R, Minotti, A, Nagasaka, Y, Nikitenko, Y, Novella, P, Oberauer, L, Obolensky, M, Onillon, A, Osborn, A, Palomares, C, Pepe, I, Perasso, S, Pfahler, P, Porta, A, Pronost, G, Reichenbacher, J, Reinhold, B, Rohling, M, Roncin, R, Roth, S, Rybolt, B, Sakamoto, Y, Santorelli, R, Schilithz, A, Schonert, S, Schoppmann, S, Shaevitz, M, Sharankova, R, Shimojima, S, Shrestha, D, Sibille, V, Sinev, V, Skorokhvatov, M, Smith, E, Spitz, J, Stahl, A, Stancu, I, Stokes, L, Strait, M, Stuken, A, Suekane, F, Sukhotin, S, Sumiyoshi, T, Sun, Y, Svoboda, R, Terao, K, Tonazzo, A, Thi, H, Valdiviesso, G, Vassilopoulos, N, Veyssiere, C, Vivier, M, Wagner, S, Walsh, N, Watanabe, H, Wiebusch, C, Winslow, L, Wurm, M, Yang, G, Yermia, F, Zimmera, V, Double Chooz Collaboration, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)

Subjects
Physics, Neutrino Detectors and Telescopes, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Neutrino Detectors and Telescope, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Electron, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Scintillator, CHOOZ, Particle identification, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Positronium, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Positron, Inverse beta decay, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

The Double Chooz experiment measures the neutrino mixing angle θ13 by detecting reactor ν¯e via inverse beta decay. The positron-neutron space and time coincidence allows for a sizable background rejection, nonetheless liquid scintillator detectors would profit from a positron/electron discrimination, if feasible in large detector, to suppress the remaining background. Standard particle identification, based on particle dependent time profile of photon emission in liquid scintillator, can not be used given the identical mass of the two particles. However, the positron annihilation is sometimes delayed by the ortho-positronium (o-Ps) metastable state formation, which induces a pulse shape distortion that could be used for positron identification. In this paper we report on the first observation of positronium formation in a large liquid scintillator detector based on pulse shape analysis of single events. The o-Ps formation fraction and its lifetime were measured, finding the values of 44% ± 12% (sys.) ± 5% (stat.) and 3.68ns ± 0.17ns (sys.) ± 0.15ns (stat.) respectively, in agreement with the results obtained with a dedicated positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy setup., National Science Foundation (U.S.), United States. Dept. of Energy

Published
2014
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14. Journal of High Energy Physics

Author

G. Mention, R. Svoboda, T. Kawasaki, P. Novella, J. Dhooghe, N. Vassilopoulos, Amanda Porta, D. Kryn, Zelimir Djurcic, N. Walsh, J. Reichenbacher, J. M. López-Castaño, H. de Kerret, H. H. Trinh Thi, R. Milincic, Yuri Kamyshkov, Muriel Fallot, J. Martino, A. Cucoanes, S. Shimojima, A.C. Schilithz, P.-J. Chang, A. Onillon, L. B. Bezrukov, I. Bekman, J.V. Dawson, G. A. Horton-Smith, M. Franke, Anatael Cabrera, R. Carr, A. Stüken, S. M. Fernandes, K. Crum, Florian Kaether, E. Blucher, J. I. Crespo-Anadón, Y. Nikitenko, T. Sumiyoshi, S. Perasso, A. Minotti, Alain Letourneau, J. Felde, D. Franco, Marcos Cerrada, M. Elnimr, V. V. Sinev, Eric Baussan, Marcos Dracos, David Lhuillier, Ernesto Kemp, L. Camilleri, E. Damon, R. Sharankova, V. Fischer, J. Maricic, Manfred Lindner, J. C. dos Anjos, Antoine Collin, D. Shrestha, M. Obolensky, R. Santorelli, Luis González, Cécile Jollet, B. Reinhold, E. Conover, M. Bergevin, Yoshio Abe, L. N. Kalousis, T.J.C. Bezerra, S. Lucht, S. Roth, J. M. LoSecco, Anselmo Meregaglia, J. Spitz, Lothar Oberauer, Daniel M. Kaplan, C. Palomares, A. Stahl, Y. Sakamoto, I. Gil-Botella, V. Zimmer, C. Grant, C. Veyssiere, Tobias Lachenmaier, V. Sibille, S. V. Sukhotin, E. Smith, H. P. Lima, A. Osborn, M. Kuze, N. Haag, Christian Buck, B. Rybolt, R. Roncin, J. C. Barriere, J. Busenitz, Ying Sun, C. Mariani, A. Hourlier, Lydie Giot, M. Röhling, Josef Jochum, Junpei Maeda, L. Goodenough, F. von Feilitzsch, D. Dietrich, Michael Hofmann, Stefan Wagner, Matthew L Strait, Janet Conrad, T. Hara, A. Tonazzo, M. Göger-Neff, Kazuhiro Terao, Christopher Wiebusch, Yasushi Nagasaka, G. A. Valdiviesso, S. Schönert, M. C. Goodman, T. Miletic, F. Yermia, I. M. Pepe, P. Chimenti, G. Pronost, P. Pfahler, C. E. Lane, T. Matsubara, E. Chauveau, M. H. Shaevitz, E. Caden, Masaki Ishitsuka, Lindley Winslow, Stefan Schoppmann, J. Haser, M. Vivier, M. D. Skorokhvatov, Michael Wurm, H. Watanabe, G. Yang, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, Thierry Lasserre, F. Suekane, L.F.F. Stokes, A.V. Etenko, I. Stancu, H. Furuta, Double Chooz Collaboration, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Neutrinos, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Double-CHOOZ, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Abe, Y, dos Anjos, J, Barriere, J, Baussan, E, Bekman, I, Bergevin, M, Bezerra, T, Bezrukov, L, Blucher, E, Buck, C, Busenitz, J, Cabrera, A, Caden, E, Camilleri, L, Carr, R, Cerrada, M, Chang, P, Chauveau, E, Chimenti, P, Collin, A, Conover, E, Conrad, J, Crespo-Anadon, J, Crum, K, Cucoanes, A, Damon, E, Dawson, J, Dhooghe, J, Dietrich, D, Djurcic, Z, Dracos, M, Elnimr, M, Etenko, A, Fallot, M, von Feilitzsch, F, Felde, J, Fernandes, S, Fischer, V, Franco, D, Franke, M, Furuta, H, Gil-Botella, I, Giot, L, Goger-Neff, M, Gonzalez, L, Goodenough, L, Goodman, M, Grant, C, Haag, N, Hara, T, Haser, J, Hofmann, M, Horton-Smith, G, Hourlier, A, Ishitsuka, M, Jochum, J, Jollet, C, Kaether, F, Kalousis, L, Kamyshkov, Y, Kaplan, D, Kawasaki, T, Kemp, E, de Kerret, H, Kryn, D, Kuze, M, Lachenmaier, T, Lane, C, Lasserre, T, Letourneau, A, Lhuillier, D, Lima, H, Lindner, M, Lopez-Castano, J, Losecco, J, Lubsandorzhiev, B, Lucht, S, Maeda, J, Mariani, C, Maricic, J, Martino, J, Matsubara, T, Mention, G, Meregaglia, A, Miletic, T, Milincic, R, Minotti, A, Nagasaka, Y, Nikitenko, Y, Novella, P, Oberauer, L, Obolensky, M, Onillon, A, Osborn, A, Palomares, C, Pepe, I, Perasso, S, Pfahler, P, Porta, A, Pronost, G, Reichenbacher, J, Reinhold, B, Rohling, M, Roncin, R, Roth, S, Rybolt, B, Sakamoto, Y, Santorelli, R, Schilithz, A, Schonert, S, Schoppmann, S, Shaevitz, M, Sharankova, R, Shimojima, S, Shrestha, D, Sibille, V, Sinev, V, Skorokhvatov, M, Smith, E, Spitz, J, Stahl, A, Stancu, I, Stokes, L, Strait, M, Stuken, A, Suekane, F, Sukhotin, S, Sumiyoshi, T, Sun, Y, Svoboda, R, Terao, K, Tonazzo, A, Trinh Thi, H, Valdiviesso, G, Vassilopoulos, N, Veyssiere, C, Vivier, M, Wagner, S, Walsh, N, Watanabe, H, Wiebusch, C, Winslow, L, Wurm, M, Yang, G, Yermia, F, Zimmer, V, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Center for Neutrino Physics

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Neutrino Detectors and Telescope, FOS: Physical sciences, CHOOZ, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Experiment, Distortion, 0103 physical sciences, Energy spectrum, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Mixing (physics), Physics, Neutrino Detectors and Telescopes, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Oscillation, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Detector, Function (mathematics), Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Neutrino, Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Double Chooz experiment presents improved measurements of the neutrino mixing angle $\theta_{13}$ using the data collected in 467.90 live days from a detector positioned at an average distance of 1050 m from two reactor cores at the Chooz nuclear power plant. Several novel techniques have been developed to achieve significant reductions of the backgrounds and systematic uncertainties with respect to previous publications, whereas the efficiency of the $\bar\nu_{e}$ signal has increased. The value of $\theta_{13}$ is measured to be $\sin^{2}2\theta_{13} = 0.090 ^{+0.032}_{-0.029}$ from a fit to the observed energy spectrum. Deviations from the reactor $\bar\nu_{e}$ prediction observed above a prompt signal energy of 4 MeV and possible explanations are also reported. A consistent value of $\theta_{13}$ is obtained from a fit to the observed rate as a function of the reactor power independently of the spectrum shape and background estimation, demonstrating the robustness of the $\theta_{13}$ measurement despite the observed distortion., Comment: 44 pages, 25 figures. Figures 21 and 22 have been replaced (statistical error bars for bins above 8 MeV have become smaller). No other changes in the results of the paper; an Erratum submitted to JHEP

Published
2014
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15. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) system for continuous measurements of chemicals in sea-water

Author

T. Murphy, S. Lucht, Heinz-Detlef Kronfeldt, and Heinar Schmidt

Subjects
business.industry, Holography, chemistry.chemical_element, Dielectric, Signal, law.invention, Cuvette, symbols.namesake, Optics, chemistry, Aluminium, law, symbols, General Materials Science, business, Photodegradation, Raman spectroscopy, Spectroscopy, Raman scattering
Abstract

A laboratory-based system for measurement of chemicals in sea-water with sol–gel-derived surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates is presented. The motivation behind this work was the development of a marinized prototype sensor. A long-term spectral stability of better than 1 cm−1 over a period of several months was observed. Photodegradation of the SERS layer was avoided by the choice of optical components and layout. Dielectric edge filters and holographic notch filters were compared. Coated fibres were tested and results are discussed in terms of fibre choice, reduction of background signal, sensitivity and time response. Continuous analysis was performed with two flow-through cells, the first a modification to a standard glass cuvette and the second an improved in-house-constructed aluminium cell. SERS investigations on samples whose turbidity ranged from 0 to 400 NTU were performed with both cells. These tests show the suitability of the developed system for continuous monitoring of real samples and possible application in on-line process control. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Published
2000
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16. Optimized recipe for sol-gel-based SERS substrates

Author

Heinz-Detlef Kronfeldt, S. Lucht, Heinar Schmidt, and T. Murphy

Subjects
Detection limit, Chemistry, Analytical chemistry, Substrate (chemistry), Langmuir adsorption model, Solvent, symbols.namesake, chemistry.chemical_compound, Chemical engineering, Phenylacetylene, symbols, General Materials Science, Chemical stability, Raman spectroscopy, Spectroscopy, Sol-gel
Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop further surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates appropriate for the in situ environmental determination of chemicals in sea-water important for global environmental problems. By encapsulating silver colloids in a sol–gel-derived xerogel, SERS-active coatings were produced with the high mechanical and chemical stability required for underwater field measurements. A flow-through system was used which simulates measurements under real flow conditions. Substrates were optimized regarding sensitivity to different analytes and long-term stability by varying solvent type, pH and sol–gel precursors. The substrates were characterized by their SERS activity and calibration functions of the Langmuir isotherm type were found for a variety of aromatic hydrocarbons. Limits of detection as low as 9 ppb for phenylacetylene and 135 ppb for biphenyl were achieved. Detailed tests on long-term stability in sea-water yielded a substrate half-life of 13 days, which resulted in a substrate lifetime of at least 5 weeks. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Published
2000
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17. Afterpulse Measurements of R7081 Photomultipliers for the Double Chooz Experiment

Author

Manfred Lindner, Stefan Roth, J. Haser, S. Lucht, Florian Kaether, Achim Stahl, C. Langbrandtner, Christopher Wiebusch, Anselm Stueken, and Manuel Schumann

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Photomultiplier, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Occurrence probability, Detector, Time distribution, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), CHOOZ, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

We present the results of afterpulse measurements performed as qualification test for 473 inner detector photomultipliers of the Double Chooz experiment. The measurements include the determination of a total afterpulse occurrence probability as well as an average time distribution of these pulses. Additionally, more detailed measurements with different light sources and simultaneous charge and timing measurements were performed with a few photomultipliers to allow a more detailed understanding of the effect. The results of all measurements are presented and discussed.

Published
2013
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18. The trigger and timing system of the Double Chooz experiment

Author

Achim Stahl, F. Beissel, Martin Rosenthal, S. Roth, Anatael Cabrera, C. Kuhnt, D. Kryn, S. Lucht, J.V. Dawson, A. Stüken, B Reinhold, Christopher Wiebusch, A Cucoanes, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), RWTH Aachen University, University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Physik-Department E15, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University (RWTH)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Photomultiplier, Signal processing, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Computer science, business.industry, Clock signal, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), CHOOZ, 01 natural sciences, Signal, Data acquisition, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, business, Field-programmable gate array, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Computer hardware, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Modern precision neutrino experiments like Double Chooz require a highly efficient trigger system in order to reduce systematic uncertainties. The trigger and timing system of the Double Chooz experiment was designed according to this goal. The Double Chooz trigger system is driven by the basic idea of triggering on multiple thresholds according to the total visible energy and additionally triggering on the number of active photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) in the detector. To do so, the trigger system continuously monitors the analogue signals from all PMTs in the detector. The amplitudes of these PMT-signals are summed for groups of certain PMTs (group signals) and for all PMTs (sum signal), respectively. The group signals are discriminated by two thresholds for each input channel and four thresholds for the sum signal. The resulting signals are processed by the trigger logic unit which is implemented in a FPGA. In addition to the proper trigger, the trigger system provides a common clock signal for all subsequent data acquisition systems to guarantee a synchronous readout of the Double Chooz detectors. The present design of the system provides a high flexibility for the applied logic and settings, making it useful for experiments other than Double Chooz. The Double Chooz trigger and timing system was installed and commissioned in 2011. This article describes the hardware of the trigger and timing system. Furthermore the setup, implemented trigger logic and performance of the trigger and timing system for the Double Chooz experiment is presented.

Published
2013
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19. First test of Lorentz violation with a reactor-based antineutrino experiment

Author

V. Fischer, P. Novella, T. Sumiyoshi, J. L. Sida, Achim Stahl, Michael H. Shaevitz, G. Keefer, I. Ostrovskiy, A. Bernstein, H. Furuta, T.J.C. Bezerra, E. Damon, A. Onillon, G. Mention, Matthew L Strait, Michael Wurm, H. Watanabe, D. Greiner, D. Lhuillier, K. Nakajima, V. Zimmer, M. Cerrada, A. J. Franke, Z. Djurcic, P. Pfahler, J. Maeda, M. Göger-Neff, Takeo Kawasaki, Iuri Muniz Pepe, R. Gama, M. Bergevin, V. Sinev, M. Skorokhvatov, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, M. Röhling, Thierry Lasserre, Th. A. Mueller, G. Pronost, Stefan Roth, J. Reichenbacher, J.V. Dawson, Caren Hagner, J. M. López-Castaño, Muriel Fallot, T. Classen, J. Martino, Anatael Cabrera, Teppei Katori, Florian Kaether, Yu. Efremenko, Y. Kamyshkov, J. Felde, D. Franco, L. Camilleri, C. Palomares, Kazuhiro Terao, A. Stüken, F. Sato, M. Toups, Christopher Wiebusch, E. Conover, G. A. Valdiviesso, Yasushi Nagasaka, J. C. dos Anjos, J. Maricic, H. Miyata, Christian Buck, B. Rybolt, E. Caden, V. Durand, Yoshio Abe, D. McKee, Frank Hartmann, Anna Erickson, C. N. Maesano, F. Suekane, L.F.F. Stokes, C. Mariani, J. Haser, Josef Jochum, D. Dietrich, L. Bezrukhov, F. von Feilitzsch, Lindley Winslow, L. Oberauer, Lydie Giot, S. Dazeley, H. P. Lima, D. Shrestha, M. Elnimr, J. Spitz, C. Aberle, Ernesto Kemp, Stefan Schoppmann, J. Busenitz, Masahiro Kuze, Cécile Jollet, P. Chimenti, T. Matsubara, A. Remoto, A. Hatzikoutelis, H. H. Trinh Thi, R. Milincic, M. Franke, C. E. Lane, M. Ishitsuka, I. Stancu, M. Fechner, M. Worcester, T. Miletic, S. Habib, F. Yermia, M. Dracos, I. Gil-Botella, S. Perasso, C. Veyssiere, P. Perrin, A. Osborn, R. Roncin, Tobias Lachenmaier, Ying Sun, Tomoyuki Konno, Daniel M. Kaplan, A. Tonazzo, Stefan Schönert, John M. LoSecco, M. V. d'Agostino, S. V. Sukhotin, E. Smith, N. Haag, B. Reinhold, S. Lucht, M. Obolensky, G. A. Horton-Smith, L. N. Kalousis, C. L. Jones, Michael Hofmann, T. Schwetz, Luis González, Nathaniel Bowden, A. S. Cucoanes, Janet Conrad, W. Potzel, Manuel Meyer, B. R. White, J. Ebert, Sebastian Wagner, Manfred Lindner, Antoine Collin, E. Blucher, Maury Goodman, P.-J. Chang, K. Crum, E. Yanovitch, R. Carr, Alain Letourneau, D. Kryn, Anselmo Meregaglia, Amanda Porta, J. I. Crespo-Anadón, H. de Kerret, T. Hayakawa, T. Hara, R. Santorelli, J. Tm. Goon, Y. Sakamoto, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Double-CHOOZ, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Neutrinos, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Double Chooz Collaboration, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Lorentz transformation, FOS: Physical sciences, Electron, Lorentz covariance, CHOOZ, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, symbols.namesake, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Sidereal time, 0103 physical sciences, symbols, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Electron neutrino
Abstract

We present a search for Lorentz violation with 8249 candidate electron antineutrino events taken by the Double Chooz experiment in 227.9 live days of running. This analysis, featuring a search for a sidereal time dependence of the events, is the first test of Lorentz invariance using a reactor-based antineutrino source. No sidereal variation is present in the data and the disappearance results are consistent with sidereal time independent oscillations. Under the Standard-Model Extension (SME), we set the first limits on fourteen Lorentz violating coefficients associated with transitions between electron and tau flavor, and set two competitive limits associated with transitions between electron and muon flavor., Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures; (new version after referee's comments)

Published
2012
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20. Direct Measurement of Backgrounds using Reactor-Off Data in Double Chooz

Author

J. Maricic, A. Hourlier, Lydie Giot, Matthew L Strait, M. Röhling, A.V. Etenko, J. Ebert, Audrey Letourneau, R. Santorelli, Janet Conrad, I. Stancu, Sebastian Wagner, Manfred Lindner, H. Furuta, Antoine Collin, Daniel M. Kaplan, R. Roncin, E. Blucher, S. Schönert, M. Franke, Ying Sun, T. Hayakawa, S. Dazeley, M. D. Skorokhvatov, Michael Wurm, H. Watanabe, T. Sumiyoshi, T. Konno, D. Kryn, F. Suekane, L.F.F. Stokes, S. Roth, C. Veyssiere, T. Hara, M. Elnimr, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, A. Bernstein, I. Ostrovskiy, W. Potzel, Th. A. Mueller, T. Miletic, S. Habib, S. M. Fernandes, D. Shrestha, Amanda Porta, R. Gama, Z. Djurcic, E. Damon, S. Perasso, H. Miyata, G. Mention, A. Onillon, A. Cucoanes, K. Nakajima, M. Worcester, Yuri Kamyshkov, D. McKee, Stefan Schoppmann, Christian Buck, Thierry Lasserre, F. Yermia, L. Camilleri, B. Rybolt, A. Remoto, Michael Hofmann, B. White, J. Spitz, P. Novella, J. C. Barriere, C. N. Maesano, D. Dietrich, C. Mariani, T. Kawasaki, Josef Jochum, V. V. Sinev, M. Göger-Neff, P.-J. Chang, V. Durand, A. Hatzikoutelis, P. Perrin, L. Bezrukhov, F. von Feilitzsch, Marcos Cerrada, E. Caden, H. P. Lima, V. Zimmer, David Lhuillier, Lothar Oberauer, J. Reichenbacher, Yasushi Nagasaka, Anatael Cabrera, M. Toups, J. T. M. Goon, A. J. Franke, J. L. Sida, C. Aberle, J. Busenitz, Masahiro Kuze, Anna Erickson, J. M. López-Castaño, J. Haser, S. Shimojima, Muriel Fallot, T. Classen, Michael Fechner, G. A. Horton-Smith, J.V. Dawson, I. M. Pepe, P. Chimenti, C. Palomares, J. M. LoSecco, G. Keefer, T. Matsubara, C. Langbrandtner, E. Kemp, Anselmo Meregaglia, Cécile Jollet, B. Reinhold, Florian Kaether, Y. Kibe, M. Ishitsuka, E. Conover, J. Felde, D. Franco, C. L. Jones, Lindley Winslow, H. H. Trinh Thi, J. Maeda, F. Hartmann, A. Stüken, F. Sato, R. Carr, D. Greiner, I. Gil-Botella, Tobias Lachenmaier, Kazuhiro Terao, L. Goodenough, R. Milincic, Robert Svoboda, Christopher Wiebusch, G. A. Valdiviesso, A. Tonazzo, M. C. Goodman, J. C. dos Anjos, Luis González, Nathaniel Bowden, Thomas Schwetz, Achim Stahl, Yoshio Abe, M. Obolensky, G. Pronost, H. de Kerret, L. N. Kalousis, T.J.C. Bezerra, P. Pfahler, C. E. Lane, A. Osborn, M. V. d'Agostino, S. V. Sukhotin, E. Smith, N. Haag, Manuel Meyer, Marcos Dracos, S. Lucht, V. Fischer, J. Martino, M. Bergevin, K. Crum, J. I. Crespo-Anadón, Y. Sakamoto, M. H. Shaevitz, Yu. Efremenko, Caren Hagner, APC - Neutrinos, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Physique Nucl'eaire, Atomique et de Spectroscopie, Université de Liège, Double-CHOOZ, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Conrad, Janet, Jones, Christopher LaDon, Spitz, Joshua B., Terao, Yasuaki, Winslow, L., Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Daya bay, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, CHOOZ, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Oscillation, Neutron temperature, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], 13. Climate action, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino
Abstract

Double Chooz is unique among modern reactor-based neutrino experiments studying ν¯e disappearance in that data can be collected with all reactors off. In this paper, we present data from 7.53 days of reactor-off running. Applying the same selection criteria as used in the Double Chooz reactor-on oscillation analysis, a measured background rate of 1.0±0.4 events/day is obtained. The background model for accidentals, cosmogenic β-n-emitting isotopes, fast neutrons from cosmic muons, and stopped-μ decays used in the oscillation analysis is demonstrated to be correct within the uncertainties. Kinematic distributions of the events, which are dominantly cosmic-ray-produced correlated-background events, are provided. The background rates are scaled to the shielding depths of two other reactor-based oscillation experiments, Daya Bay and RENO., United States. Dept. of Energy, National Science Foundation (U.S.)

Published
2012
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21. Reactor ν ̄e disappearance in the Double Chooz experiment

Author

G. Mention, M. Ishitsuka, Matthew L Strait, Tobias Lachenmaier, I. M. Pepe, Daniel M. Kaplan, S. V. Sukhotin, E. Smith, M. V. d'Agostino, H. Miyata, M. Kuze, E. Caden, N. Haag, Christian Buck, A. Hatzikoutelis, S. Dazeley, T. Kawasaki, E. Damon, A.V. Etenko, T. Konno, H. P. Lima, F. Suekane, L.F.F. Stokes, I. Stancu, H. Furuta, L.N. Kalousis, Yuri Kamyshkov, C. N. Maesano, Y. Sakamoto, M. Toups, T. Miletic, P. Novella, D. McKee, D. Dietrich, S. Perasso, J. Busenitz, P.-J. Chang, J. Haser, S. Shimojima, Lindley Winslow, F. Yermia, S. Lucht, G. A. Horton-Smith, Michael Hofmann, A. Bernstein, Anatael Cabrera, P. Perrin, Michael Fechner, David Lhuillier, A. Cucoanes, E. Conover, H. H. Trinh Thi, E. Kemp, Luis González, Nathaniel Bowden, Thomas Schwetz, B. White, T.J.C. Bezerra, A. Remoto, C. L. Jones, A. Onillon, C. Mariani, P. Chimenti, Kazuhiro Terao, Janet Conrad, Marcos Dracos, Josef Jochum, T. Matsubara, T. Hayakawa, I. Gil-Botella, J. Martino, L. Bezrukhov, M. Bergevin, V. V. Sinev, F. von Feilitzsch, M. Obolensky, A. Osborn, H. de Kerret, Christopher Wiebusch, M. D. Skorokhvatov, J. Ebert, Michael Wurm, H. Watanabe, Robert Svoboda, Sebastian Wagner, G. A. Valdiviesso, M. Röhling, D. Kryn, M. C. Goodman, K. Crum, Alain Letourneau, Yu. Efremenko, Manfred Lindner, Antoine Collin, E. Blucher, Zelimir Djurcic, A. Hourlier, Lydie Giot, Stefan Schoppmann, W. Potzel, Caren Hagner, J. I. Crespo-Anadón, R. Gama, Anselmo Meregaglia, M. H. Shaevitz, J. C. dos Anjos, J. M. López-Castaño, Yoshio Abe, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, S. Schönert, Lothar Oberauer, C. Palomares, Thierry Lasserre, G. Keefer, V. Zimmer, Muriel Fallot, T. Classen, J. C. Barriere, A. J. Franke, R. Carr, D. Greiner, P. Pfahler, C. E. Lane, L. Camilleri, Florian Kaether, Y. Kibe, F. Hartmann, J. Felde, D. Franco, J.V. Dawson, T. Sumiyoshi, A. Stahl, J. L. Sida, M. Cerrada, Amanda Porta, J. Maricic, A. Stüken, F. Sato, J. Reichenbacher, C. Veyssiere, R. Santorelli, J. Tm. Goon, D. Shrestha, J. Spitz, V. Durand, R. Roncin, Ying Sun, T. Hara, John M. LoSecco, M. Elnimr, R. Milincic, S. Roth, I. Ostrovskiy, M. Franke, Th. A. Mueller, K. Nakajima, C. Aberle, M. Worcester, Cécile Jollet, B. Reinhold, C. Langbrandtner, J. Maeda, A. Tonazzo, M. Göger-Neff, and Yasushi Nagasaka

Subjects
Physics, NOνA, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, CHOOZ, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Electron neutrino
Abstract

The Double Chooz experiment has observed 8,249 candidate electron antineutrino events in 227.93 live days with 33.71 GW-ton-years (reactor power x detector mass x livetime) exposure using a 10.3 cubic meter fiducial volume detector located at 1050 m from the reactor cores of the Chooz nuclear power plant in France. The expectation in case of theta13 = 0 is 8,937 events. The deficit is interpreted as evidence of electron antineutrino disappearance. From a rate plus spectral shape analysis we find sin^2 2{\theta}13 = 0.109 \pm 0.030(stat) \pm 0.025(syst). The data exclude the no-oscillation hypothesis at 99.9% CL (3.1{\sigma}).

Published
2012

22. Indication of Reactorν¯eDisappearance in the Double Chooz Experiment

Author

A. Cucoanes, F. Ardellier, M. Obolensky, M. Dracos, H. de Kerret, D. Shrestha, R. Svoboda, C. L. Jones, J. Maeda, I. Ostrovskiy, R. Santorelli, A. Tonazzo, C. Jollet, M. Franke, A. F. Barbosa, T. Hayakawa, J. Tm. Goon, I. Gil-Botella, Daniel M. Kaplan, G. Keefer, J.V. Dawson, R. Milincic, Tobias Lachenmaier, C. E. Lane, B. Guillon, J. Reichenbacher, J. Spitz, M. Worcester, N. Tamura, M. Dierckxsens, M. Cribier, J. Haser, G. Mention, H. Miyata, M. Kuze, K. Nakajima, C. Langbrandtner, J. Hartnell, Z. Sun, Christian Buck, H. P. Lima, M. Cerrada, C. Aberle, Yasushi Nagasaka, S. Cormon, Muriel Fallot, T. Classen, E. Kemp, J. Busenitz, Janet Conrad, E. Damon, S. Perasso, S. Roth, C. N. Maesano, C. Mariani, Th. A. Mueller, E. Caden, A. Onillon, W. Potzel, T. Kawasaki, D. Dietrich, Matthew L Strait, A. Hatzikoutelis, M. D. Skorokhvatov, Michael Wurm, H. Watanabe, A. Bernstein, Florian Kaether, Y. Kibe, J. Felde, Z. Djurcic, A. Osborn, A. Milzstajn, D. Franco, C. Palomares, K. Zbiri, D. E. Reyna, S. M. Fernandes, Yu. Efremenko, M. Bongrand, Ying Sun, Alain Letourneau, L. Bezrukhov, T.J.C. Bezerra, U. Schwan, Kazuhiro Terao, Yuri Kamyshkov, F. von Feilitzsch, Caren Hagner, R. Gama, Amanda Porta, H. H. Trinh Thi, T. Miletic, P. Perrin, A. Meregaglia, D. Kryn, J. Maricic, Christopher Wiebusch, J. M. LoSecco, David Lhuillier, Lothar Oberauer, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, B. White, P.-J. Chang, Masaki Ishitsuka, E. Falk, M. Elnimr, Thierry Lasserre, V. V. Sinev, M. Göger-Neff, H. Furuta, G. A. Horton-Smith, M. C. Goodman, F. Yermia, V. Durand, Lindley Winslow, Anatael Cabrera, F. X. Hartmann, E. Yanovitch, Y. Sakamoto, H. A. Rubin, Michael Hofmann, B. Reinhold, F. Sato, M. H. Shaevitz, Luis González, Nathaniel Bowden, Thomas Schwetz, E. Conover, H. Tabata, J. C. dos Anjos, V. Zimmer, L.N. Kalousis, M. Toups, I. M. Pepe, A. Baxter, A. Stüken, Steven Dazeley, R. Carr, D. Greiner, Yoshio Abe, L. Camilleri, Lydie Giot, M. V. d'Agostino, J. Martino, Sebastian Wagner, Manfred Lindner, Antoine Collin, E. Blucher, M. Röhling, S. Schönert, Y. Endo, P. Pfahler, M. Fechner, P. Chimenti, A.V. Etenko, T. Matsubara, J. M. López-Castanõ, I. Stancu, S. J. M. Peeters, T. Akiri, Stefan Schoppmann, D. Mckee, T. Haruna, Yehan Liu, T. Konno, A. Remoto, F. Suekane, P. Novella, T. Sumiyoshi, D. Motta, T. Hara, A. Stahl, J. L. Sida, R. Queval, M. Bergevin, J. Jochum, K. Crum, A. J. Franke, S. V. Sukhotin, J. I. Crespo-Anadón, E. Smith, N. Haag, S. Lucht, and C. Veyssiere

Subjects
NOνA, Physics, Particle physics, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, General Physics and Astronomy, Flux, Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment, CHOOZ, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Electron neutrino
Abstract

The Double Chooz experiment presents an indication of reactor electron antineutrino disappearance consistent with neutrino oscillations. An observed-to-predicted ratio of events of 0.944±0.016(stat)±0.040(syst) was obtained in 101 days of running at the Chooz nuclear power plant in France, with two 4.25GWth reactors. The results were obtained from a single 10m3 fiducial volume detector located 1050 m from the two reactor cores. The reactor antineutrino flux prediction used the Bugey4 flux measurement after correction for differences in core composition. The deficit can be interpreted as an indication of a nonzero value of the still unmeasured neutrino mixing parameter sin⁡22θ13. Analyzing both the rate of the prompt positrons and their energy spectrum, we find sin⁡22θ13=0.086±0.041(stat)±0.030(syst), or, at 90% C.L., 0.017

Published
2012
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23. Indication of reactor ν(e) disappearance in the Double Chooz experiment

Author

Y, Abe, C, Aberle, T, Akiri, J C, dos Anjos, F, Ardellier, A F, Barbosa, A, Baxter, M, Bergevin, A, Bernstein, T J C, Bezerra, L, Bezrukhov, E, Blucher, M, Bongrand, N S, Bowden, C, Buck, J, Busenitz, A, Cabrera, E, Caden, L, Camilleri, R, Carr, M, Cerrada, P-J, Chang, P, Chimenti, T, Classen, A P, Collin, E, Conover, J M, Conrad, S, Cormon, J I, Crespo-Anadón, M, Cribier, K, Crum, A, Cucoanes, M V, D'Agostino, E, Damon, J V, Dawson, S, Dazeley, M, Dierckxsens, D, Dietrich, Z, Djurcic, M, Dracos, V, Durand, Y, Efremenko, M, Elnimr, Y, Endo, A, Etenko, E, Falk, M, Fallot, M, Fechner, F, von Feilitzsch, J, Felde, S M, Fernandes, D, Franco, A J, Franke, M, Franke, H, Furuta, R, Gama, I, Gil-Botella, L, Giot, M, Göger-Neff, L F G, Gonzalez, M C, Goodman, J T M, Goon, D, Greiner, B, Guillon, N, Haag, C, Hagner, T, Hara, F X, Hartmann, J, Hartnell, T, Haruna, J, Haser, A, Hatzikoutelis, T, Hayakawa, M, Hofmann, G A, Horton-Smith, M, Ishitsuka, J, Jochum, C, Jollet, C L, Jones, F, Kaether, L, Kalousis, Y, Kamyshkov, D M, Kaplan, T, Kawasaki, G, Keefer, E, Kemp, H, de Kerret, Y, Kibe, T, Konno, D, Kryn, M, Kuze, T, Lachenmaier, C E, Lane, C, Langbrandtner, T, Lasserre, A, Letourneau, D, Lhuillier, H P, Lima, M, Lindner, Y, Liu, J M, López-Castanõ, J M, LoSecco, B K, Lubsandorzhiev, S, Lucht, D, McKee, J, Maeda, C N, Maesano, C, Mariani, J, Maricic, J, Martino, T, Matsubara, G, Mention, A, Meregaglia, T, Miletic, R, Milincic, A, Milzstajn, H, Miyata, D, Motta, Th A, Mueller, Y, Nagasaka, K, Nakajima, P, Novella, M, Obolensky, L, Oberauer, A, Onillon, A, Osborn, I, Ostrovskiy, C, Palomares, S J M, Peeters, I M, Pepe, S, Perasso, P, Perrin, P, Pfahler, A, Porta, W, Potzel, R, Queval, J, Reichenbacher, B, Reinhold, A, Remoto, D, Reyna, M, Röhling, S, Roth, H A, Rubin, Y, Sakamoto, R, Santorelli, F, Sato, S, Schönert, S, Schoppmann, U, Schwan, T, Schwetz, M H, Shaevitz, D, Shrestha, J-L, Sida, V, Sinev, M, Skorokhvatov, E, Smith, J, Spitz, A, Stahl, I, Stancu, M, Strait, A, Stüken, F, Suekane, S, Sukhotin, T, Sumiyoshi, Y, Sun, Z, Sun, R, Svoboda, H, Tabata, N, Tamura, K, Terao, A, Tonazzo, M, Toups, H H, Trinh Thi, C, Veyssiere, S, Wagner, H, Watanabe, B, White, C, Wiebusch, L, Winslow, M, Worcester, M, Wurm, E, Yanovitch, F, Yermia, K, Zbiri, and V, Zimmer

Abstract

The Double Chooz experiment presents an indication of reactor electron antineutrino disappearance consistent with neutrino oscillations. An observed-to-predicted ratio of events of 0.944±0.016(stat)±0.040(syst) was obtained in 101 days of running at the Chooz nuclear power plant in France, with two 4.25 GW(th) reactors. The results were obtained from a single 10 m(3) fiducial volume detector located 1050 m from the two reactor cores. The reactor antineutrino flux prediction used the Bugey4 flux measurement after correction for differences in core composition. The deficit can be interpreted as an indication of a nonzero value of the still unmeasured neutrino mixing parameter sin(2)2θ(13). Analyzing both the rate of the prompt positrons and their energy spectrum, we find sin(2)2θ(13)=0.086±0.041(stat)±0.030(syst), or, at 90% C.L., 0.017sin(2)2θ(13)0.16.

Published
2012

24. Efficient polarized light-emitting diodes utilizing ultrathin photoaddressable alignment layers

Author

Heinz-Georg Nothofer, R. Güntner, Rainer Hagen, Ullrich Scherf, Dieter Neher, X. H. Yang, Serguei Kostromine, and S. Lucht

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Brightness, Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), business.industry, Polymer, Thermotropic crystal, law.invention, Polyfluorene, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, chemistry, law, Optoelectronics, business, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Layer (electronics), Light-emitting diode, Diode
Abstract

We demonstrate that an ultrathin photoaddressable polymer (PAP) layer with a thickness as small as 5 nm can be utilized for the monodomain alignment of thermotropic liquid crystalline polyfluorene. The optical anisotropies in absorption and emission are found to be independent of the PAP layer thickness within a range of 5 to 30 nm. On the other hand, decreasing the PAP layer thickness greatly improves the performance of polarized blue light-emitting diodes: With a PAP layer thickness of only 10 nm, the device turns on at 5 V and reaches a brightness of 100 cd/m2 at 8 V with an efficiency of 0.66 cd/A.

Published
2002
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25. Qualification Tests of 474 Photomultiplier Tubes for the Inner Detector of the Double Chooz Experiment

Author

Manfred Lindner, Christian Bauer, C. Langbrandtner, K Jänner, M. Reissfelder, Christopher Wiebusch, S. Lucht, Florian Kaether, E. Borger, R. Hofacker, A. Stüken, and Stefan Schönert

Subjects
Astroparticle physics, Physics, Photomultiplier, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, High voltage, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), CHOOZ, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Optics, Qualification testing, Calibration, Photonics, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), business, Instrumentation, Nuclear Experiment, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

The hemispherical 10" photomultiplier tube (PMT) R7081 from Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (HPK) is used in various experiments in particle and astroparticle physics. We describe the test and calibration of 474 PMTs for the reactor antineutrino experiment Double Chooz. The unique test setup at Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Kernphysik Heidelberg (MPIK) allows one to calibrate 30 PMTs simultaneously and to characterize the single photo electron response, transit time spread, linear behaviour and saturation effects, photon detection efficiency and high voltage calibration.

Published
2011

26. Development of a SERS optode for the in-situ detection of chemicals in sea water

Author

Thomas Murphy, S. Lucht, Heinar Schmidt, and H.-D. Kronfeldt

Subjects
Materials science, Optical fiber, Microscope, business.industry, Context (language use), Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, Silane, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, Optical coating, Chemical engineering, chemistry, law, Triethoxysilane, Optode, business
Abstract

The purpose of this work is the development of a method for the in-situ detection of chemicals in sea water. Ramanscattering was chosen as it is a non-intrusive method yielding finger-printing spectra of the analytes. Surface-enhancedRaman scattering (SERS) is used to provide the sensitivity necessary for trace analysis in the environment. SERS activecoatings are produced by encapsulating a silver colloid in sol-gel derived xerogel films. The sol is coated onto silicon plates,microscope slides, quartz windows or optical fibers allowing a variety of measurement configurations. Results are presentedfor a range of aromatic hydrocarbons in sea water measured with methyl triethoxy silane (MTEOS) and ethyl triethoxysilane (EThOS) based substrates. The suitability for operation in the marine environment is discussed in terms of selectivity,response time, limits of detection, and long term stability. Two compact marinised optodes are presented with a lensed headand a fibre head allowing for in-situ measurements in sea water with exchangeable SERS substrates or coated fibers. Theoptode is linked via optical fibers to an underwater core instrument containing light source and spectrograph. This isdiscussed in the context of a multi-disciplinaiy field-operable measuring device intended for operation depths up to 300 m.Keywords: SERS, optode, SERS substrates, sol-gel technique, in-situ analysis, sea water, aromatic hydrocarbons

Published
1999
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27. [Pain concept modification in chronic pain patients by an educational video.]

Author

B, Kröner-Herwig and S, Lucht

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate an educational video designed to modify the pain concept of chronic pain patients. It is commonly described that chronic pain patients foster an illness model which is dominated by purely medical assumptions about causes of pain and its modulation and treatment. Furthermore the mostly unrealistic hope for total pain relief which is expected from the pain expert guides the patients' seek for help. These concepts are most probable very dysfunctional in a multidisciplinary pain management setting, where psychological interventions are important elements of the treatment. Therefore the video was designed to initiate changes in the patient's attitude towards a multimodal model of pain. The educational pain video was evaluated in an experimental design using a control group to whom a different video on a health related topic (nutrition) was presented. The Ss participating in the study were 47 chronic pain patients of a pain ambulance and 42 patients of a pain clinic (inpatient setting). The results showed that after viewing the pain video the groups differed significantly in their pain concept as predicted. The use of an educational video, like the one evaluated, seems useful to initiate first steps in illness concept modification by expanding and enriching the patients attitude by assumptions about the influence of psychological factors on pain maintenance and management and shaping realistic attitudes towards treatment.

Published
1991

29. Concurrent sexual and substance-use risk behaviours among female sex workers in Kenya's Coast Province: Findings from a behavioural monitoring survey

Author

Simon-Pierre Tegang, S. Abdallah, G. Emukule, S. Luchters, N. Kingola, M. Barasa, S. Mucheke, and P. Mwarogo

Subjects
HIV, female sex workers, substance use, Kenya, Africa, VIH, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

While many studies confirm the association between HIV, alcohol and injecting drug use by female sex workers (FSWs), little is known about their use of marijuana, khat and other substances and the association of these substances with HIV, risky sexual behaviour, and sexual violence. To better understand this association, data were analysed from a cross-sectional, behavioural survey of 297 FSWs in Mombasa, a well-known tourist destination and the second largest port in Africa and capital city of the Coast Province in Kenya.Among the FSWs, lifetime use of different substances was reported by 91% for alcohol, 71% for khat, 34% for marijuana, and 6% for heroin, cocaine, glue or petrol. The majority (79%) used more than one substance, and multiple-substance use was reported by all respondents who ever used marijuana, heroin, cocaine, glue and petrol. The risk of HIV acquisition was perceived as medium to high by 41% of respondents, 75% of whom attributed this risk to multiple partners. Sexual violence was reported by 48% of respondents, and 30% indicated that this happened several times. Despite HIV prevention programmes targeting FSWs in Mombasa, most of them continue to engage in risky sexual behaviours. This suggests that harm reduction strategies for substance use should be coupled with efforts to promote consistent condom use and partner reduction.

Published
2010
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30. Associations of long-term exposure to air pollution and noise with body composition in children and adults: Results from the LEAD general population study.

Author

Altug H, Ogurtsova K, Breyer-Kohansal R, Schiffers C, Ofenheimer A, Tzivian L, Hartl S, Hoffmann B, Lucht S, and Breyer MK

Subjects
Humans, Child, Female, Male, Adult, Adolescent, Middle Aged, Austria, Cross-Sectional Studies, Young Adult, Air Pollutants analysis, Aged, Nitrogen Dioxide analysis, Body Mass Index, Environmental Exposure statistics & numerical data, Body Composition, Air Pollution statistics & numerical data, Air Pollution adverse effects, Particulate Matter analysis, Noise adverse effects
Abstract

Background: While long-term air pollution and noise exposure has been linked to increasing cardiometabolic disease risk, potential effects on body composition remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the associations of long-term air pollution, noise and body composition., Methods: We used repeated data from the LEAD (Lung, hEart, sociAl, boDy) study conducted in Vienna, Austria. Body mass index (BMI; kg/m 2 ), fat mass index (FMI; z-score), and lean mass index (LMI; z-score) were measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at the first (t 0 ; 2011-ongoing) and second (t 1 ; 2017-ongoing) examinations. Annual particulate matter (PM 10 ) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) concentrations were estimated with the GRAMM/GRAL model (2015-2021). Day-evening-night (L den ) and night-time (L night ) noise levels from transportation were modeled for 2017 following the European Union Directive 2002/49/EC. Exposures were assigned to residential addresses. We performed analyses separately in children/adolescents and adults, using linear mixed-effects models with random participant intercepts and linear regression models for cross-sectional and longitudinal associations, respectively. Models were adjusted for co-exposure, lifestyle and sociodemographics., Results: A total of 19,202 observations (nt 0  = 12,717, nt 1  = 6,485) from participants aged 6-86 years (mean age at t 0  = 41.0 years; 52.9 % female; mean PM 10  = 21 µg/m 3 ; mean follow-up time = 4.1 years) were analyzed. Among children and adolescents (age ≤ 18 years at first visit), higher PM 10 exposure was cross-sectionally associated with higher FMI z-scores (0.09 [95 % Confidence Interval (CI): 0.03, 0.16]) and lower LMI z-scores (-0.05 [95 % CI: -0.10, -0.002]) per 1.8 µg/m 3 . Adults showed similar trends in cross-sectional associations as children, though not reaching statistical significance. We observed no associations for noise exposures. Longitudinal analyses on body composition changes over time yielded positive associations for PM 10 , but not for other exposures., Conclusion: Air pollution exposure, mainly PM 10 , was cross-sectionally and longitudinally associated with body composition in children/adolescents and adults. Railway/road-traffic noise exposures showed no associations in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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31. The Berlin-Brandenburg Air Study-A Methodological Study Paper of a Natural Experiment Investigating Health Effects Related to Changes in Airport-Related Exposures.

Author

Soppa V, Lucht S, Ogurtsova K, Buschka A, López-Vicente M, Guxens M, Weinhold K, Winkler U, Wiedensohler A, Held A, Lüchtrath S, Cyrys J, Kecorius S, Gastmeier P, Wiese-Posselt M, and Hoffmann B

Subjects
Child, Humans, Airports, Berlin, Particulate Matter analysis, Environmental Monitoring, Air Pollutants adverse effects, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollution adverse effects, Air Pollution analysis
Abstract

Objectives: This paper presents the study design of the Berlin-Brandenburg Air study (BEAR-study). We measure air quality in Berlin and Brandenburg before and after the relocation of aircraft (AC) traffic from Tegel (TXL) airport to the new Berlin-Brandenburg airport (BER) and investigate the association of AC-related ultrafine particles (UFP) with health outcomes in schoolchildren. Methods: The BEAR-study is a natural experiment examining schoolchildren attending schools near TXL and BER airports, and in control areas (CA) away from both airports and associated air corridors. Each child undergoes repeated school-based health-examinations. Total particle number concentration (PNC) and meteorological parameters are continuously monitored. Submicrometer particle number size distribution, equivalent black carbon, and gas-phase pollutants are collected from long-term air quality monitoring stations. Daily source-specific UFP concentrations are modeled. We will analyze short-term effects of UFP on respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurocognitive outcomes, as well as medium and long-term effects on lung growth and cognitive development. Results: We examined 1,070 children (as of 30 November 2022) from 16 schools in Berlin and Brandenburg. Conclusion: The BEAR study increases the understanding of how AC-related UFP affect children's health., Competing Interests: Author SaL was employed by the company Cardinal Health Real-World Evidence and Insights. The remaining authors declare that they do not have any conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Soppa, Lucht, Ogurtsova, Buschka, López-Vicente, Guxens, Weinhold, Winkler, Wiedensohler, Held, Lüchtrath, Cyrys, Kecorius, Gastmeier, Wiese-Posselt and Hoffmann.)

Published
2023
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32. Short-term exposure to ultrafine and fine particulate matter with multipollutant modelling on heart rate variability among seniors and children from the CorPuScula (coronary, pulmonary, sanguis) longitudinal study in Germany.

Author

Haddad P, Ogurtsova K, Lucht S, Glaubitz L, Höppe P, Nowak D, Angerer P, and Hoffmann B

Abstract

Background: Short-term exposure particulate matter with a diameter of 10 µm or less (PM 10 ) and fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) has been associated with heart rate variability (HRV), but exposure to ultrafine particles (UFP) has been less well examined. We investigated the associations between the HRV outcomes and short-term exposure to UFP, PM 10 and PM 2.5 among school-aged children and seniors., Methods: CorPuScula (Coronary, Pulmonary and Sanguis) is a longitudinal, repeated-measure panel study conducted in 2000-2002 in Munich, Germany including 52 seniors (58-94 years old) with 899 observations and 50 children (6-10 years old) with 925 observations. A 10-min resting electrocardiogram was performed to assess resting HRV outcomes [Standard Deviation of Normal to Normal Intervals (SDNN), Root Mean Square of Successive Differences between Normal Heartbeats (RMSSD), Low Frequency power (LF), High Frequency power (HF), ration between low and high frequency (LF/HF)]. UFP and PM exposures were measured near the care home and school yard for seniors and children, respectively. Mean exposures during the day of examination (9-21 h) as well as 3-h, 12-h, 24-h, one-day, and two-day lags were assessed. Linear mixed-effect models were used to investigate the associations between short-term air pollution and HRV outcomes separately in children and seniors. The models were adjusted for sex, age, weather conditions (temperature, precipitation, and water vapor pressure), BMI, lifestyle and medical information. Two and multipollutant models adjusted for NO 2 and O 3 were performed., Results: Among seniors, we observed increases in SDNN, LF, HF and LF/HF ratio after short-term exposure to UFP (hourly and daily lags) in contrast to decreases in SDNN and RMSSD after exposure to PM 10 . Associations were generally robust to two- and multipollutant adjustment. Among children, we observed increases of the LF/HF ratio after short-term exposures to UFP at lags 12 and 24 h. In contrast, we observed decreases of the ratio after exposure to PM 2.5 and PM 10 . Results were largely unchanged for multipollutant modelling, however we found a more pronounced increase in SDNN and LF/HF (UFP lag 12 and 24 h) after adjusting for NO 2 ., Conclusions: Overall, among seniors, we observed associations of UFP and PM 10 exposure with sympathetic responses of the ANS, which play an important role in sudden heart attacks or arrhythmia. Among children we found more inconsistent associations between UFP and a delayed increase in HRV. Adjusting for co-pollutants including NO 2 and O 3 yielded robust results., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The authors DN, KO declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision., (© 2023 Haddad, Ogurtsova, Lucht, Glaubitz, Höppe, Nowak, Angerer and Hoffmann.)

Published
2023
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33. Long-term exposure to air pollution and prevalent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Author

Matthiessen C, Glaubitz L, Lucht S, Kälsch J, Luedde T, Erbel R, Stang A, Schmidt B, Friedman SL, Canbay A, Bechmann LP, and Hoffmann B

Abstract

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a disease characterized by lipid accumulation within hepatocytes, ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, in the absence of secondary causes of hepatic fat accumulation. Although air pollution (AP) has been associated with several conditions related to NAFLD (e.g., metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus), few studies have explored an association between AP and NAFLD. The aim of the study was to investigate whether exposure to AP is associated with NAFLD prevalence., Methods: We used baseline cross-sectional data (2000-2003) of the Heinz-Nixdorf-Recall cohort study in Germany (baseline n = 4,814), a prospective population-based cohort study in the urbanized Ruhr Area. Mean annual exposure to size-fractioned particulate matter (PM 10 , PM 2.5 , PM coarse , and PM 2.5 abs), nitrogen dioxide, and particle number was assessed using two different exposure models: a chemistry transport dispersion model, which captures urban background AP exposure on a 1 km 2 grid at participant's residential addresses, and a land use regression model, which captures point-specific AP exposure at participant's residential addresses. NAFLD was assessed with the fatty liver index (n = 4,065), with NAFLD defined as fatty liver index ≥60. We estimated ORs of NAFLD per interquartile range of exposure using logistic regression, adjusted for socio-demographic and lifestyle variables., Results: We observed a NAFLD prevalence of 31.7% (n = 1,288). All air pollutants were positively associated with NAFLD prevalence, with an OR per interquartile range for PM 2.5 of 1.11 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00, 1.24) using chemistry transport model, and 1.06 (95% CI = 0.94, 1.19) using the land use regression model, respectively., Conclusion: There was a positive association between long-term AP exposure and NAFLD., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest with regard to the content of this report. Supported by the German Ministry of Education and Science (BMBF) and the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR), Bonn, Germany. We acknowledge the support of the Sarstedt AG & Co. (Nümbrecht, Germany) concerning laboratory equipment. This work was supported by the German Research Council (DFG; projects [SI236/8-1, SI236/9-1, HO3314/4-3, HO3314/2-3, HO3314/2-1]). The data is due to data protection issues not available. The code used for this publication is available upon request to the authors., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of The Environmental Epidemiology. All rights reserved.)

Published
2023
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34. Association between Long-Term Air Pollution, Chronic Traffic Noise, and Resting-State Functional Connectivity in the 1000BRAINS Study.

Author

Glaubitz L, Stumme J, Lucht S, Moebus S, Schramm S, Jockwitz C, Hoffmann B, and Caspers S

Subjects
Aged, Environmental Exposure, Female, Humans, Male, Nitrogen Dioxide analysis, Particulate Matter analysis, Air Pollutants, Air Pollution, Noise, Transportation adverse effects
Abstract

Background: Older adults show a high variability in cognitive performance that cannot be explained by aging alone. Although research has linked air pollution and noise to cognitive impairment and structural brain alterations, the potential impact of air pollution and noise on functional brain organization is unknown., Objective: This study examined the associations between long-term air pollution and traffic noise with measures of functional brain organization in older adults. We hypothesize that exposures to high air pollution and noise levels are associated with age-like changes in functional brain organization, shown by less segregated brain networks., Methods: Data from 574 participants (44.1% female, 56-85 years of age) in the German 1000BRAINS study (2011-2015) were analyzed. Exposure to particulate matter ( PM 10 , PM 2.5 , and PM 2.5 absorbance), accumulation mode particle number ( PN AM ), and nitrogen dioxide ( NO 2 ) was estimated applying land-use regression and chemistry transport models. Noise exposures were assessed as weighted 24-h ( L den ) and nighttime ( L night ) means. Functional brain organization of seven established brain networks (visual, sensorimotor, dorsal and ventral attention, limbic, frontoparietal and default network) was assessed using resting-state functional brain imaging data. To assess functional brain organization, we determined the degree of segregation between networks by comparing the strength of functional connections within and between networks. We estimated associations between air pollution and noise exposure with network segregation, applying multiple linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle variables., Results: Overall, small associations of high exposures with lesser segregated networks were visible. For the sensorimotor networks, we observed small associations between high air pollution and noise and lower network segregation, which had a similar effect size as a 1-y increase in age [e.g., in sensorimotor network, - 0.006 (95% CI: - 0.021 , 0.009) per 0.3 × 10 - 5 / m increase in PM 2.5 absorbance and - 0.004 (95% CI: - 0.006 , - 0.002 ) per 1-y age increase]., Conclusion: High exposure to air pollution and noise was associated with less segregated functional brain networks. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9737.

Published
2022
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35. Long-term air pollution, noise, and structural measures of the Default Mode Network in the brain: Results from the 1000BRAINS cohort.

Author

Lucht S, Glaubitz L, Moebus S, Schramm S, Jockwitz C, Caspers S, and Hoffmann B

Subjects
Brain diagnostic imaging, Default Mode Network, Environmental Exposure analysis, Humans, Noise, Particulate Matter analysis, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollution analysis
Abstract

Background: While evidence suggests that long-term air pollution (AP) and noise may adversely affect cognitive function, little is known about whether environmental exposures also promote structural changes in underlying brain networks. We therefore investigated the associations between AP, traffic noise, and structural measures of the Default Mode Network (DMN), a functional brain network known to undergo specific changes with age., Methods: We analyzed data from 579 participants (mean age at imaging: 66.5 years) of the German 1000BRAINS study. Long-term residential exposure to particulate matter (diameter ≤10 μm [PM 10 ]; diameter ≤2.5 μm [PM 2.5 ]), PM 2.5 absorbance (PM 2.5abs ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), and accumulation mode particulate number concentration (PN AM ) was estimated using validated land use regression and chemistry transport models. Long-term outdoor traffic noise was modeled at participants' homes based on a European Union's Environmental Noise Directive. As measures of brain structure, cortical thickness and local gyrification index (lGI) values were calculated for DMN regions from T1-weighted structural brain images collected between 2011 and 2015. Associations between environmental exposures and brain structure measures were estimated using linear regression models, adjusting for demographic and lifestyle characteristics., Results: AP exposures were below European Union standards but above World Health Organization guidelines (e.g., PM 10 mean: 27.5 μg/m 3 ). A third of participants experienced outdoor 24-h noise above European recommendations. Exposures were not consistently associated with lGI values in the DMN. We observed weak inverse associations between AP and cortical thickness in the right anterior DMN (e.g., -0.010 mm [-0.022, 0.002] per 0.3 unit increase in PM 2.5abs ) and lateral part of the posterior DMN., Conclusion: Long-term AP and noise were not consistently associated with structural parameters of the DMN in the brain. While weak associations were present between AP exposure and cortical thinning of right hemispheric DMN regions, it remains unclear whether AP might influence DMN brain structure in a similar way as aging., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)

Published
2022
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36. Air Pollution and Polyclonal Elevation of Serum Free Light Chains: An Assessment of Adaptive Immune Responses in the Prospective Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study.

Author

Ohlwein S, Hennig F, Lucht S, Schmidt B, Eisele L, Arendt M, Dührsen U, Dürig J, Jöckel KH, Moebus S, and Hoffmann B

Subjects
Aged, Humans, Middle Aged, Nitrogen Dioxide, Particulate Matter adverse effects, Prospective Studies, Air Pollution adverse effects, Environmental Exposure adverse effects, Environmental Exposure analysis, Immunity
Abstract

Background: Residential exposure to air pollution (AP) has been shown to activate the immune system (IS). Although innate immune responses to AP have been studied extensively, investigations on the adaptive IS are scarce., Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between short- to long-term AP exposure and polyclonal free light chains (FLC) produced by plasma cells., Methods: We used repeated data from three examinations ( t 0 : 2000-2003; t 1 : 2006-2008; and t 2 : 2011-2015) of the population-based German Heinz Nixdorf Recall cohort of initially 4,814 participants (45-75 y old). Residential exposure to total and source-specific particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 or 2.5 μ m ( PM 10 and PM 2.5 respectively), nitrogen dioxide ( NO 2 ), and particle number concentrations (accumulation mode; PN AM ) was estimated using a chemistry transport model with different time windows (1- to 365-d mean ± standard deviation) before blood draw. We applied linear mixed models with a random participant intercept to estimate associations between total, traffic- and industry-related AP exposures and log-transformed FLC, controlling for examination time, sociodemographic and lifestyle variables, estimated glomerular filtration rate and season., Results: Analyzing 9,933 observations from 4,455 participants, we observed generally positive associations between AP exposures and FLC. We observed strongest associations with middle-term exposures, e.g., 3.0% increase in FLC (95% confidence interval: 1.8%, 4.3%) per interquartile range increase in 91-d mean of NO 2 ( 14.1 μ g / m ³ ). Across the different pollutants, NO 2 showed strongest associations with FLC, followed by PM 10 and PN AM . Effect estimates for traffic-related exposures were mostly higher compared with total exposures. Although NO 2 and PN AM estimates remained stable upon adjustment for PM, PM estimates decreased considerably upon adjustment for NO 2 and PN AM ., Discussion: Our results suggest that middle-term AP exposures in particular might be positively associated with activation of the adaptive IS. Traffic-related PM, PN AM , and NO 2 showed strongest associations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7164.

Published
2021
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37. Air Pollution and Progression of Atherosclerosis in Different Vessel Beds-Results from a Prospective Cohort Study in the Ruhr Area, Germany.

Author

Hennig F, Geisel MH, Kälsch H, Lucht S, Mahabadi AA, Moebus S, Erbel R, Lehmann N, Jöckel KH, Scherag A, and Hoffmann B

Subjects
Adult, Air Pollutants, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Cohort Studies, Disease Progression, Female, Germany epidemiology, Housing, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nitrogen Dioxide, Particulate Matter, Prospective Studies, Air Pollution statistics & numerical data, Atherosclerosis epidemiology, Environmental Exposure statistics & numerical data
Abstract

Objectives: Due to inconsistent epidemiological evidence on health effects of air pollution on progression of atherosclerosis, we investigated several air pollutants and their effects on progression of atherosclerosis, using carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), coronary calcification (CAC), and thoracic aortic calcification (TAC)., Methods: We used baseline (2000-2003) and 5-y follow-up (2006-2008) data from the German Heinz Nixdorf Recall cohort study, including 4,814 middle-aged adults. Residence-based long-term air pollution exposure, including particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μ m ( PM 2.5 ), ( PM 10 ), and nitrogen dioxide ( NO 2 ) was assessed using chemistry transport and land use regression (LUR) models. cIMT was quantified as side-specific median IMT assessed from standardized ultrasound images. CAC and TAC were quantified by computed tomography using the Agatston score. Development (yes/no) and progression of atherosclerosis (change in cIMT and annual growth rate for CAC/TAC) were analyzed with logistic and linear regression models, adjusting for age, sex, lifestyle variables, socioeconomic status, and traffic noise., Results: While no clear associations were observed in the full study sample (mean age 59.1 ( ± 7.6 ) y; 53% female), most air pollutants were marginally associated with progression of atherosclerosis in participants with no or low baseline atherosclerotic burden. Most consistently for CAC, e.g., a 1.5   μ g / m 3 higher exposure to PM 2.5 (LUR) yielded an estimated odds ratio of 1.19 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.39] for progression of CAC and an increased annual growth rate of 2% (95% CI: 1%, 4%)., Conclusion: Our study suggests that development and progression of subclinical atherosclerosis is associated with long-term air pollution in middle-aged participants with no or minor atherosclerotic burden at baseline, while overall no consistent associations are observed. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7077.

Published
2020
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38. Long-term exposure to ambient source-specific particulate matter and its components and incidence of cardiovascular events - The Heinz Nixdorf Recall study.

Author

Rodins V, Lucht S, Ohlwein S, Hennig F, Soppa V, Erbel R, Jöckel KH, Weimar C, Hermann DM, Schramm S, Moebus S, Slomiany U, and Hoffmann B

Subjects
Environmental Exposure adverse effects, Female, Germany epidemiology, Humans, Incidence, Male, Particulate Matter adverse effects, Particulate Matter analysis, Prospective Studies, Air Pollutants adverse effects, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollution adverse effects
Abstract

Background: Few studies have examined the risk of long-term exposure to source-specific airborne pollutants on incidence of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events., Objectives: We aimed to estimate the effect of long-term exposure to source-specific air pollution and particulate matter (PM) components on incidence of stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD), and total cardiovascular events (CVE) in the population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall study (HNR)., Methods: We used baseline (2000-2003) and 14-year follow-up data of the HNR Study, an ongoing population-based prospective cohort study in Western Germany. Participants' residential mean exposures to NO 2 and total and source-specific PM 10 , PM 2.5 , accumulation mode particle number concentration (PN AM ), and PM components were modelled using a dispersion and chemical transport model. We used Cox regression to evaluate the effect of pollutants (per 1 μg/m 3 increase and per interquartile range - IQR) on risk of stroke and CHD, adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle risk factors and nighttime traffic noise exposure., Results: In 4,105 included participants (aged 45-76 at baseline, 52.5% women), we observed 118 cases of first stroke and 373 cases of first CHD during 46,748 person-years under risk. The median survival time within the cohort was 13.3 years. No effect of exposure to ambient air pollution on risk of CHD was observed, but distinct effects were observed for stroke. Ambient traffic-specific PM showed a stronger effect on stroke than industry-specific PM: hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for total, traffic-specific, and industry-specific PM 2.5 were 1.16 (1.02-1.34), 2.53 (1.07-5.97), and 1.27 (1.03-1.56) per 1 μg/m 3 increase, respectively. PM components showed no substantially different effects from those of total PM per IQR, but higher associations were observed for NH 4 and SO 4 per 1 μg/m 3 . However, the exposure contrast of ammonium and sulfate components was very low., Conclusion: Traffic-specific PM exhibited stronger effects than total and industry-specific PM on risk of stroke. Among components, NH 4 and SO 4 showed higher effects. No effect was observed for PM and CHD., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2020
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39. Associations of Air Pollution and Noise with Local Brain Structure in a Cohort of Older Adults.

Author

Nußbaum R, Lucht S, Jockwitz C, Moebus S, Engel M, Jöckel KH, Caspers S, and Hoffmann B

Subjects
Aged, Air Pollutants, Cohort Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Nitrogen Dioxide, Nitrogen Oxides, Particulate Matter, Air Pollution statistics & numerical data, Brain anatomy & histology, Environmental Exposure statistics & numerical data, Noise
Abstract

Background: Despite the importance of understanding associations of air pollution and noise exposure with loss of neurocognitive performance, studies investigating these exposures and local brain structure are limited., Objective: We estimated associations of residential air pollution and noise exposures with neurocognitive test performance and the local gyrification index (lGI), a marker for local brain atrophy, among older adults., Methods: For n = 615 participants from the population-based 1000BRAINS study, based on the German Heinz Nixdorf Recall study, we assessed residential exposures to particulate matter ( PM 10 , PM 2.5 , PM 2.5 abs ), accumulation mode particle number ( PN AM ), and nitrogen oxides ( NO x , NO 2 ), using land-use regression and chemistry transport models. Weighted 24-h and nighttime noise were modeled according to the European noise directive. We evaluated associations of air pollution and noise exposure at the participants' 2006-2008 residential addresses with neurocognitive test performance and region-specific lGI values ( n = 590 ) from magnetic resonance imaging, both assessed in 2011-2015, using linear regression and adjusting for demographic and personal characteristics., Results: Air pollution and noise were associated with language and short-term/working memory and with local atrophy of the fronto-parietal network (FPN), a functional resting-state network associated with these cognitive processes. For example, per 2 - μ g / m 3 PM 10 , local brain atrophy was more pronounced in the posterior brain regions of the FPN, with a - 0.02 [95% confidence interval (CI): - 0.04 , 0.00] lower lGI. In contrast, in the anterior regions of the FPN, weighted 24-h and nighttime noise were associated with less local brain atrophy [e.g., 0.02 (95% CI: 0.00, 0.04) for 10  dB (A) 24-h noise]., Conclusions: Air pollution and noise exposures were associated in opposite directions with markers of local atrophy of the FPN in the right brain hemisphere in older adults, suggesting that both chronic air pollution and noise exposure may influence the physiological aging process of the brain. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP5859.

Published
2020
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40. All-source and source-specific air pollution and 10-year diabetes Incidence: Total effect and mediation analyses in the Heinz Nixdorf recall study.

Author

Lucht S, Hennig F, Moebus S, Ohlwein S, Herder C, Kowall B, Jöckel KH, and Hoffmann B

Subjects
Cohort Studies, Environmental Exposure, Humans, Incidence, Middle Aged, Particulate Matter, Prospective Studies, Air Pollutants toxicity, Air Pollution, Diabetes Mellitus epidemiology
Abstract

Background: An increasing number of studies have been published recently on the association between ambient air pollution (AP) and incident diabetes mellitus (DM), but studies investigating source-specific AP toxicity and potential mediating pathways are rare. We investigated the associations of all-source, traffic-specific, and industry-specific outdoor AP exposure with 10-year incidence of DM and potential mediation via inflammation-associated biomarkers., Methods: Data from participants of the prospective Heinz Nixdorf Recall cohort study who attended the baseline (t 0 ; 2000-2003), 5-year follow-up (t 1 ; 2006-2008), and 10-year follow-up (t 2 ; 2011-2015) examinations was used. For participants without DM at baseline (determined using information on physician diagnosis and glucose-lowering medication), residential long-term exposure (total, traffic-specific, and industry-specific) to particulate matter (PM 2.5 , PM 10 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), and accumulation mode particle number concentration (PN AM ) were estimated using a chemistry transport model. Covariate-adjusted modified Poisson regression models with robust standard errors were applied to estimate relative risks (RR) for the associations between baseline AP and incident DM at t 2 . Mediation analyses for adiponectin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) were conducted to estimate natural direct and indirect effects., Results: Of the 4,814 participants at t 0 , 2,451 participants (mean baseline age: 58.2 years) were included in the main analysis. Interquartile range (IQR) increases in total PM 10 and PN AM were associated with increased risk of DM (e.g., RR: 1.25 [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.02, 1.53] per 3.8 µg/m 3 PM 10 ). Whereas traffic-specific exposures were associated with DM risk for all air pollutants (e.g., RR: 1.24 [95% CI: 1.06, 1.46] per 0.3 µg/m 3 PM 10 ), significant associations for industry exposures were limited to NO 2 and PN AM (e.g., RR: 1.24 [95% CI: 1.03, 1.49] per 230 particles/mL PN AM ). Potential mediation of the association between AP and DM was observed for adiponectin but not for hsCRP and IL-1RA., Conclusion: Our study shows that long-term exposure to total and source-specific ambient AP may increase DM risk, with consistent results observed across traffic-specific exposures. Decreases in adiponectin may play a potential role along the causal pathway., (Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2020
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41. Air pollution and diabetes-related biomarkers in non-diabetic adults: A pathway to impaired glucose metabolism?

Author

Lucht S, Hennig F, Moebus S, Führer-Sakel D, Herder C, Jöckel KH, and Hoffmann B

Subjects
Adiponectin, Aged, C-Reactive Protein metabolism, Cohort Studies, Environmental Exposure analysis, Female, Fibrinogen metabolism, Germany, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Air Pollution, Biomarkers blood, Diabetes Mellitus blood, Glucose metabolism
Abstract

Background: While prior studies have linked air pollution (AP) to diabetes prevalence and incidence, few have investigated whether AP exposure is also associated with alterations in diabetes-related biomarkers in metabolically healthy adults., Objective: To evaluate the associations between short-, medium-, and long-term AP and diabetes-related biomarkers (adiponectin, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist [IL-1RA], high sensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP], fibrinogen) in persons without diabetes., Methods: Adiponectin, IL-1RA, hsCRP, and fibrinogen were measured in blood samples collected at the baseline (t 0 ; 2000-2003) and first follow-up (t 1 ; 2006-2008) examinations of the prospective Heinz Nixdorf Recall (HNR) cohort study in Germany. Participants' residential mean exposures to PM 10 , PM 2.5 , NO 2 , and accumulation mode particle number concentration (PN AM ) were estimated for several time windows (1- to 365-day) prior to examination using a dispersion and chemistry transport model. We fitted covariate-adjusted linear mixed effects models using a random participant intercept and investigated effect modification by obesity status., Results: We analyzed 6727 observations (n t0  = 3626, n t1  = 3101) from 4052 participants of the HNR study (52% women; ages 45-76 years at t 0 ). For all air pollutants, medium-term exposures (60- to 120-day) were negatively associated with adiponectin (e.g., 91-day PN AM : -2.51% change [-3.40%, -1.53%] per interquartile [IQR] increase). Several short-, medium-, and long-term AP exposures were positively associated with IL-1RA (e.g., 365-day PM 10 : 2.64% change [1.25%, 4.22%] per IQR increase). Long-term exposures were positively associated with hsCRP level while no consistent patterns were observed for fibrinogen. Stronger associations for adiponectin were observed among non-obese participants., Conclusion: In persons without diabetes, we observed differing patterns of association between AP and diabetes-related biomarkers across a range of exposure windows, supporting the hypothesis that AP may play a role in the development of diabetes., (Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2019
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42. Indoor and outdoor road traffic noise and incident diabetes mellitus: Results from a longitudinal German cohort study.

Author

Ohlwein S, Hennig F, Lucht S, Matthiessen C, Pundt N, Moebus S, Jöckel KH, and Hoffmann B

Abstract

Road traffic noise affects a large number of people in urbanized areas. Recent epidemiological evidence indicates that environmental noise exposure may not only be associated with cardiovascular but also with cardio-metabolic outcomes. This prospective cohort study investigated the effect of outdoor and indoor residential road traffic noise on incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)., Methods: We used data from 3,396 participants of age 45-75 years of the Heinz Nixdorf Recall study being non-diabetic at baseline (2000-2003). T2DM was defined via blood glucose level, incident intake of an anti-diabetic drug during follow-up or self-reported physician diagnosis at follow-up examination (2005-2008). Weighted 24-h (L den ) and night-time (L night ) mean road traffic noise was assessed according to the European Union directive 2002/49/EC. Road traffic noise exposure indoors was modeled taking into account the participants' room orientation, ventilation behavior and window insulation (n = 2,697). We applied Poisson regression analyses to estimate relative risks (RRs) of incident T2DM, adjusting for demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and air pollution exposure (NO 2 or PM 2.5 )., Results: A 10-dB(A) increase in outdoor road traffic noise (L den ) was associated with an RR of 1.09 (95% confidence interval, 0.96-1.24) for T2DM in the fully adjusted model. Models including PM 2.5 or NO 2 yielded RRs of 1.09 (0.96-1.24) and 1.11 (0.97-1.27), respectively. In analyses with road traffic noise (L den ) exposure indoors, we observed similar RRs with smaller confidence intervals (1.11 [1.01-1.21])., Conclusions: Our analyses suggest that long-term exposure to indoor and outdoor road traffic noise may increase the risk of developing T2DM, independent of air pollution exposure., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest with regard to the content of this report., (Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of Environmental Epidemiology. All rights reserved.)

Published
2019
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43. Long-term exposure to airborne particulate matter and NO 2 and prevalent and incident metabolic syndrome - Results from the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study.

Author

Matthiessen C, Lucht S, Hennig F, Ohlwein S, Jakobs H, Jöckel KH, Moebus S, and Hoffmann B

Subjects
Humans, Incidence, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Air Pollutants analysis, Inhalation Exposure analysis, Inhalation Exposure statistics & numerical data, Metabolic Syndrome epidemiology, Nitrogen Dioxide analysis, Particulate Matter analysis
Abstract

Introduction: Recently, epidemiological studies have found a link between air pollution (AP) and individual components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), a condition predisposing to cardiometabolic diseases. However, very few studies have explored a possible association between air pollution and MetS., Objective: We analyzed the effects of long-term exposure to airborne particulate matter and NO 2 on prevalence and incidence of MetS., Methods: We used data of the population-based prospective Heinz Nixdorf Recall study (baseline 2000-2003) to investigate the association(s) between AP exposure and MetS prevalence at baseline (n = 4457) and MetS incidence at first follow-up visit (n = 3074; average follow-up: 5.1 years). Mean annual exposure to size-fractioned particulate matter (PM 10 , PM 2.5 , PM coarse , and PM 2.5 abs) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) was assessed using a land use regression model. MetS was defined as central obesity plus two out of four additional risk factors (i.e., elevated triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, elevated blood pressure or elevated plasma glucose). We estimated odds ratios (ORs) of MetS prevalence and incidence per interquartile range (IQR) of exposure, adjusting for demographic and lifestyle variables., Results: We observed a MetS prevalence of 20.7% (n = 922) and an incidence of 9.7% (n = 299). NO 2 was positively associated with MetS prevalence, with an OR increase per IQR of 1.12 (95%-CI 1.02-1.24, IQR = 6.1 μg/m 3 ). PM 10 and PM 2.5 were both borderline positively associated with MetS incidence, with ORs of 1.14 (95%-CI 0.99-1.32, IQR = 2.1 μg/m 3 ) and 1.19 (95%-CI 0.98-1.44, IQR = 1.5 μg/m 3 ) per IQR, respectively., Conclusion: In summary, we found a weak positive association between air pollution and MetS. The strongest and most consistent effects were observed between NO 2 and prevalent MetS., (Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Published
2018
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44. Is long-term particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide air pollution associated with incident monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)? An analysis of the Heinz Nixdorf Recall study.

Author

Orban E, Arendt M, Hennig F, Lucht S, Eisele L, Jakobs H, Dürig J, Hoffmann B, Jöckel KH, and Moebus S

Subjects
Aged, Air Pollutants analysis, Biomarkers, Cohort Studies, Environmental Exposure analysis, Female, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance epidemiology, Particulate Matter analysis, Prospective Studies, Time Factors, Air Pollutants toxicity, Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance etiology, Nitrogen Dioxide toxicity, Particulate Matter toxicity
Abstract

Background: Exposure to air pollution activates the innate immune system and influences the adaptive immune system in experimental settings. We investigated the association of residential long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) and NO 2 air pollution with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) as a marker of adaptive immune system activation., Methods: We used data from the baseline (2000-2003), 5-year (2006-2008) and 10-year (2011-2015) follow-up examinations of the German Heinz Nixdorf Recall cohort study of 4814 participants (45-75years). Residential exposure to PM size fractions and NO 2 was estimated by land-use regression (ESCAPE-LUR, annual mean 2008/2009) and dispersion chemistry transport models (EURAD-CTM, 3-year mean at baseline). We used logistic regression to estimate the effects of air pollutants on incident MGUS, adjusting for age, sex, education, smoking status, physical activity, and BMI. As a non-linear approach, we looked at quartiles (2-4) of the air pollutants in comparison to quartile 1., Results: Of the 3949 participants with complete data, 100 developed MGUS during the 10-year follow-up. In the main model, only PM coarse was associated with incident MGUS (OR per IQR (1.9μg/m 3 ): 1.32, 95% CI 1.04-1.67). We further found positive associations between PM size fractions estimated by ESCAPE-LUR and incident MGUS by quartiles of exposure (OR Q4 vs Q1: PM 2.5 2.03 (1.08-3.80); PM 10 1.97 (1.05-3.67); PM coarse 1.98 (1.09-3.60))., Conclusions: Our results indicate that an association between long-term exposure to PM and MGUS may exist. Further epidemiologic studies are needed to corroborate this possible link., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2017
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45. Indication of reactor ν(e) disappearance in the Double Chooz experiment.

Author

Abe Y, Aberle C, Akiri T, dos Anjos JC, Ardellier F, Barbosa AF, Baxter A, Bergevin M, Bernstein A, Bezerra TJ, Bezrukhov L, Blucher E, Bongrand M, Bowden NS, Buck C, Busenitz J, Cabrera A, Caden E, Camilleri L, Carr R, Cerrada M, Chang PJ, Chimenti P, Classen T, Collin AP, Conover E, Conrad JM, Cormon S, Crespo-Anadón JI, Cribier M, Crum K, Cucoanes A, D'Agostino MV, Damon E, Dawson JV, Dazeley S, Dierckxsens M, Dietrich D, Djurcic Z, Dracos M, Durand V, Efremenko Y, Elnimr M, Endo Y, Etenko A, Falk E, Fallot M, Fechner M, von Feilitzsch F, Felde J, Fernandes SM, Franco D, Franke AJ, Franke M, Furuta H, Gama R, Gil-Botella I, Giot L, Göger-Neff M, Gonzalez LF, Goodman MC, Goon JT, Greiner D, Guillon B, Haag N, Hagner C, Hara T, Hartmann FX, Hartnell J, Haruna T, Haser J, Hatzikoutelis A, Hayakawa T, Hofmann M, Horton-Smith GA, Ishitsuka M, Jochum J, Jollet C, Jones CL, Kaether F, Kalousis L, Kamyshkov Y, Kaplan DM, Kawasaki T, Keefer G, Kemp E, de Kerret H, Kibe Y, Konno T, Kryn D, Kuze M, Lachenmaier T, Lane CE, Langbrandtner C, Lasserre T, Letourneau A, Lhuillier D, Lima HP Jr, Lindner M, Liu Y, López-Castanõ JM, LoSecco JM, Lubsandorzhiev BK, Lucht S, McKee D, Maeda J, Maesano CN, Mariani C, Maricic J, Martino J, Matsubara T, Mention G, Meregaglia A, Miletic T, Milincic R, Milzstajn A, Miyata H, Motta D, Mueller TA, Nagasaka Y, Nakajima K, Novella P, Obolensky M, Oberauer L, Onillon A, Osborn A, Ostrovskiy I, Palomares C, Peeters SJ, Pepe IM, Perasso S, Perrin P, Pfahler P, Porta A, Potzel W, Queval R, Reichenbacher J, Reinhold B, Remoto A, Reyna D, Röhling M, Roth S, Rubin HA, Sakamoto Y, Santorelli R, Sato F, Schönert S, Schoppmann S, Schwan U, Schwetz T, Shaevitz MH, Shrestha D, Sida JL, Sinev V, Skorokhvatov M, Smith E, Spitz J, Stahl A, Stancu I, Strait M, Stüken A, Suekane F, Sukhotin S, Sumiyoshi T, Sun Y, Sun Z, Svoboda R, Tabata H, Tamura N, Terao K, Tonazzo A, Toups M, Trinh Thi HH, Veyssiere C, Wagner S, Watanabe H, White B, Wiebusch C, Winslow L, Worcester M, Wurm M, Yanovitch E, Yermia F, Zbiri K, and Zimmer V

Abstract

The Double Chooz experiment presents an indication of reactor electron antineutrino disappearance consistent with neutrino oscillations. An observed-to-predicted ratio of events of 0.944±0.016(stat)±0.040(syst) was obtained in 101 days of running at the Chooz nuclear power plant in France, with two 4.25 GW(th) reactors. The results were obtained from a single 10 m(3) fiducial volume detector located 1050 m from the two reactor cores. The reactor antineutrino flux prediction used the Bugey4 flux measurement after correction for differences in core composition. The deficit can be interpreted as an indication of a nonzero value of the still unmeasured neutrino mixing parameter sin(2)2θ(13). Analyzing both the rate of the prompt positrons and their energy spectrum, we find sin(2)2θ(13)=0.086±0.041(stat)±0.030(syst), or, at 90% C.L., 0.017

Published
2012
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46. [Pain concept modification in chronic pain patients by an educational video.].

Author

Kröner-Herwig B and Lucht S

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate an educational video designed to modify the pain concept of chronic pain patients. It is commonly described that chronic pain patients foster an illness model which is dominated by purely medical assumptions about causes of pain and its modulation and treatment. Furthermore the mostly unrealistic hope for total pain relief which is expected from the pain expert guides the patients' seek for help. These concepts are most probable very dysfunctional in a multidisciplinary pain management setting, where psychological interventions are important elements of the treatment. Therefore the video was designed to initiate changes in the patient's attitude towards a multimodal model of pain. The educational pain video was evaluated in an experimental design using a control group to whom a different video on a health related topic (nutrition) was presented. The Ss participating in the study were 47 chronic pain patients of a pain ambulance and 42 patients of a pain clinic (inpatient setting). The results showed that after viewing the pain video the groups differed significantly in their pain concept as predicted. The use of an educational video, like the one evaluated, seems useful to initiate first steps in illness concept modification by expanding and enriching the patients attitude by assumptions about the influence of psychological factors on pain maintenance and management and shaping realistic attitudes towards treatment.

Published
1991
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