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1. A Quality by Design Paradigm for Albumin-Based Nanoparticles: Formulation Optimization and Enhancement of the Antitumor Activity

Author: Marwa H. S. Dawoud, Amira Abdel-Daim, Mai S. Nour, and Nabila M. Sweed
Subjects: Drug Discovery, Pharmaceutical Science
Abstract: Purpose Albumin nanoparticles are promising carriers for therapeutic agents, owing to their biocompatibility, safety, and versatility in fabrication. The formulation of albumin nanoparticles is highly affected by many product and process variables, resulting in a great variation in these nanoparticles. The aim of this work was to formulate and optimize albumin nanoparticles loaded with silymarin, as a model drug with low bioavailability, for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, using quality by design (QbD) approach. Methods A thorough risk assessment for albumin nanoparticles formulation was developed and a complete quality product profile was defined using the QbD approach. A D-optimal design was used to optimize the amount of albumin and drug, which significantly affected the particle size (PS) and the entrapment efficiency (EE%), which was further tested on hepatocellular carcinoma. Results A design space was constructed, with an optimized formula showing a PS of 135 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.09, an EE% of 88%, and a zeta potential of − 12.5 mV. The optimized formula (O1) with spherical particles, showed an extended-release rate as compared to free silymarin. Moreover, a pronounced anti-proliferation activity of O1 was observed on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 than the free drug. The flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle showed a significant suppression of the S-phase after treating the HepG2 cell with O1, but not with free silymarin. Conclusion Thus, a detailed QbD study has been conducted, with deep product and process understanding, and resulted in a successful formulation of silymarin albumin nanoparticles for the suppression of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Published: 2023
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2. Sterols from Centaurea pumilio L. with cell proliferative activity: In vitro and in silico studies

Author: Marwa A. A. Fayed, Lamya H. Al-Wahaibi, Riham O. Bakr, Mai S. Nour, Omer A. Basudan, Mohammad K. Parvez, Mohammed S. Al-Dosari, and Wael M. Abdel-Mageed
Subjects: Materials Chemistry, General Chemistry
Abstract: Numerous studies highlighted the impact of natural products, particularly phytosterols, in wound healing while providing less expensive alternatives to chemically synthesized drugs, with less side effects. Centaurea pumilio L. (family Asteraceae) is a rare and endangered species of genus Centaurea with few reports concerning its chemistry. Our phytochemical investigation for the non-polar fraction of its aerial parts led to the isolation and identification of the new compound (6) identified as stigmast-1,5-dien-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside along with five known sterols and triterpenes (1–5) identified as taraxasterol, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol glucoside, and stigmasterol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside. Structures of the isolated compounds have been characterized using 1D, 2D NMR, and mass spectral analyses. The cell viability and proliferative activity of the isolated compounds were evaluated using an MTT assay on cultured human primary umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). None of the compounds exhibited any sign of cytotoxicity. Nonetheless, compounds 5 and 6 moderately enhanced the HUVEC cell growth by 14 and 16%, respectively, at the maximal tested dose (50 µg/mL). As inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3-β (GSK3-β) enzyme is important to enhance the wound healing process; therefore, molecular docking was performed to understand the possible interactions between bioactive compounds 5 and 6 and GSK-3β binding pocket active amino acid residues. Both compounds were able to bind to the substrate‑binding site of GSK-3β and potentially interact with the key active site residues, forming strong π and hydrogen interactions with the catalytic site residues, revealing lower binding energy (−7.185 and −6.303 kcal/mol, respectively) than that of indirubin-3-monooxime (−5.303 kcal/mol); thereby representing strong natural replacements candidates for GSK-3β inhibitors.
Published: 2023
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3. Impact of Initial Thrombocytopenia on Short and Midterm Outcomes in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Author: Mohamed A. Sobhy Ola S. Nour Eldin and Sherif W. Ayad Mohamed A. Sadaka
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Acute coronary syndrome, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Incidence (epidemiology), Percutaneous coronary intervention, medicine.disease, St elevation myocardial infarction, Heart failure, Internal medicine, Medicine, Platelet, In patient, business, Normal platelet counts
Abstract: Background: Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) patients with thrombocytopenia are challenging in their management as they carry high bleeding and thrombotic risks. Aim of Study: In this study we aimed to assess the impact of thrombocytopenia on ACS patients. Patients and Methods: We collected data of 608 ACS patients who presented to our hospital during the year 2017. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of initial thrombocytopenia: Group 1 with initial thrombocy-topenia (n=123) and group 2 without initial thrombocytopenia (n=485). Platelet count less than or equal 150.000/ml was used to define thrombocytopenia. Endpoints were in-hospital and 6 months Major Adverse Cardiovascular and Cerebrov-ascular Events (MACCE). Results: Group 1 patients were significantly older and, more likely with a history of acute coronary syndrome (38.2% versus 26.7%, p=0.049), and more likely to present as non ST elevation myocardial infarction (39% versus 26.7%, p=0.037). In hospital outcome showed significantly higher risk of cumulative MACCE in group 1 patients (12.2% versus 2.3%, p=0.002) and a similar result was found after at least 6 months follow-up (19.3% versus 9.6%, p=0.041). Both groups had similar incidence of bleeding and heart failure. Group 1 patients had significantly higher incidence of in hospital MACCE (p=0.038), but this was not significant after 6 months follow-up. Conclusions: ACS patients with mild thrombocytopenia had similar bleeding risk in comparison to patients with normal count during the hospital stay and after 6 months of follow-up, higher risk of in hospital MACCE and so they should be managed as patients with normal platelet counts.
Published: 2021
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4. Investigation of Groundwater Logging for Possible Changes in Recharge Boundaries and Conditions in the City of Aswan, Egypt

Author: Hickmat Hossen, A. S. Nour-Eldeen, Abdelazim Negm, Ali M. Hamdan, Mohamed Elsahabi, Martina Zelenakova, and Ismail Abd-Elaty
Subjects: groundwater, logging, aquifer, Aswan Dam Lake, MODFLOW, leakage, Geography, Planning and Development, Aquatic Science, Biochemistry, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: Groundwater is of great importance in our daily life, and its importance is due to its multiple uses, whether in agriculture, industry or other uses. Increasing the Groundwater Levels (GWL) in any area is a great benefit for its importance and multiplicity of uses, but in the city of Aswan, it is different, as the increase in the GWL causes severe damage to buildings and leads to poor quality of agricultural land and the destruction of infrastructure due to the lack of good management. The main objective of this study is to develop a conceptual model of the groundwater system to gain better understanding of water dynamics in the study area and to investigate different management scenarios of the use of groundwater. The model was developed using MODFLOW code to achieve the objective of the study, where the necessary field data were collected to feed the model from the study area, such as Surface Water Levels (SWL) in the Aswan Dam lake and the Nile River, GWL in the Aswan Aquifer and the different characteristics of the layers constituting the aquifer, such as porosity and recharge for different periods to ensure obtaining the most accurate and best results from the model. The model was calibrated with mean residual and absolute mean residual which reached −0.08 and 0.629 m, respectively, with a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.737m and a normalized RMSE of 4.319%. Two future scenarios have been developed to arrive at a future vision of GWL in the Aswan aquifer. The first scenario investigated GWL in the study area by changing the values of recharge to the aquifer resulting from an increase in the drinking water and sewage networks’ leakage values, which were predicted in the future for years 2025, 2030, 2035 and 2040. The GWL in the study area are increasing as a result of the increase in the amount of leakage in the years 2025, 2030, 2035 and 2040 compared to the GWL in the study area for the year 2020 by 0.29%, 1.31%, 2.01% and 3.16%, respectively. The second scenario investigated GWL by changing the water levels in El hebs (the lake between the High Dam and the Aswan Dam) as follows (108 m, 110 m, 112 m, 114 m, 116 m and 118 m), where the groundwater levels were calculated in the Aswan Aquifer corresponding to each level. The percentage of increase in groundwater levels corresponding to the levels 108 m, 110 m, 112 m, 114 m, 116 m and 118 m compared to the groundwater levels at the level of 106 m was found as follows: 0.92%, 2%, 2.87%, 4.05%, 4.91% and 5.67%, respectively. The simulation results are intended to support integrated groundwater modeling for the components of the hydrological water budget in the city of Aswan. Furthermore, the model provides us with a better understanding of long-term scenarios for the waterlogging in the city. The results are useful for managing the water logging problems and planning the future infrastructure in the city of Aswan.
Published: 2022
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5. A prospective evaluation of the American College of Surgeons Surgical Risk Calculator as a predictor of complications for breast surgery

Author: M Dube, S Nour, AS Shafee, I Lahart, and A Carmichael
Subjects: Postoperative Complications, Risk Factors, Humans, Surgical Wound Infection, Surgery, Breast Neoplasms, Female, General Medicine, Prospective Studies, Middle Aged, Mastectomy, Aged
Abstract: Background The infection rates for operative management of breast cancer are often unpredictable and higher than average for a clean surgical procedure (0.8% and 28%). We aimed to assess the effectiveness of the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Surgical Risk Calculator (SRC), a preoperative scoring system to calculate the risk of surgical site infection (SSI) and serious complications following breast surgery. Methods Prospective risk scoring using the SRC on 213 patients in the preoperative clinic and the incidence of SSI and serious complications within 30 days postoperatively was prospectively collected. Results The overall SSI rate in our sample was 5% (n=11/210 patients). For a one-unit increase in SRC score, the odds of having SSI increased by a factor of 1.88 (95% CI 1.33 to 2.74). Odds of developing SSI were higher in patients with high Body Mass Index (OR 1.25; 95% 1.13 to 1.40) and American Society of Anesthesiologists score 3 (OR 11.54; 95% CI 2.98 to 43.65). The odds of developing an SSI were ∼19 times higher if a patient had an SRC score >3.0 versus those with an SRC score 3.0. Out of 210 patients, 9 had serious complications (4.2%). Conclusions ACS SRC Score of more than 3 was associated with a higher likelihood of SSI. SRC was able to predict the risk of SSI and serious complications and can be used preoperatively for identification and risk minimisation.
Published: 2021

6. Successful embolisation of pelvic fistulating vessels to the prostate arising after TURP – a rare cause of postoperative bleeding

Author: S Nour, I J McCafferty, Y Smith, S Morris, and J F Donati-Bourne
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Percutaneous, Fistula, medicine.medical_treatment, Postoperative Hemorrhage, 030230 surgery, urologic and male genital diseases, Varicose Veins, Embolic Agent, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Lower urinary tract symptoms, Prostate, medicine, Humans, Aged, Hematuria, Transurethral resection of the prostate, business.industry, Transurethral Resection of Prostate, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Embolization, Therapeutic, Prostatic enlargement, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Online Case Report, Complication, business, Prostatism
Abstract: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is considered the gold-standard operation to treat lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic enlargement in men. Postoperative bleeding is a recognised complication and managing it is a core skill required by attending urologists. We report a rare case of postoperative bleeding caused by fistulating vessels to the prostate which developed after TURP. These fistulas arose from the right internal iliac vessels and communicated with pre-existing pelvic varices affecting the right paraprostaticand seminal vesicle tissues. The fistulating vessels were successfully embolised with liquid embolic agent. Surgeons should be aware that persisting haemorrhage can occur post-TURP from the rare presence of fistulating vessels communicating with pelvic varices. Early computed tomography angiographic assessment is warranted in cases where bleeding is prolonged and refractory to standard management in view of timely referral for percutaneous embolisation.
Published: 2020
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7. Determining the Role of O‐fucose Modifications of the Stabilin‐2 Receptor Expression and Function

Author: Edward N. Harris and Aiah S. Nour
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Receptor expression, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Fucose, Function (biology), Biotechnology, Cell biology
Published: 2021
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8. Limits on Sub-GeV Dark Matter from the PROSPECT Reactor Antineutrino Experiment

Author: J. Koblanski, J. L. Palomino, Chao Zhang, M. P. Mendenhall, Minfang Yeh, A. J. Conant, A. B. Hansell, C. E. Gilbert, Christopher V. Cappiello, B. T. Foust, J. Wilhelmi, J. LaRosa, A. M. Meyer, R. Neilson, J. K. Gaison, J. Maricic, R. Milincic, G. Deichert, T. J. Langford, D. Venegas-Vargas, Jim Napolitano, C. D. Bryan, Xin Lu, P. E. Mueller, R. L. Varner, Nathaniel Bowden, R. Rosero, X. Zhang, Denis E. Bergeron, D. E. Jaffe, J. A. Nikkel, Xiaolu Ji, Hans P. Mumm, S. Hans, D. C. Jones, A. B. Balantekin, M. A. Tyra, A. Woolverton, O. Kyzylova, S. Nour, Anna Erickson, K. M. Heeger, C. E. Lane, Christopher G. White, T. Classen, C. D. Bass, M. J. Dolinski, P. Weatherly, M. V. Diwan, H. R. Band, A. Galindo-Uribarri, B. R. Littlejohn, P. T. Surukuchi, Dmitry A. Pushin, S. Jayakumar, B. Heffron, Xin Qian, and M. Andriamirado
Subjects: Physics, High energy, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Sidereal time, 0103 physical sciences, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: If dark matter has mass lower than around 1 GeV, it will not impart enough energy to cause detectable nuclear recoils in many direct-detection experiments. However, if dark matter is upscattered to high energy by collisions with cosmic rays, it may be detectable in both direct-detection experiments and neutrino experiments. We report the results of a dedicated search for boosted dark matter upscattered by cosmic rays using the PROSPECT reactor antineutrino experiment. We show that such a flux of upscattered dark matter would display characteristic diurnal sidereal modulation, and use this to set new experimental constraints on sub-GeV dark matter exhibiting large interaction cross-sections., 11 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2021

9. PROSPECT-II physics opportunities

Author: M Andriamirado, A B Balantekin, H R Band, C D Bass, D E Bergeron, N S Bowden, C D Bryan, R Carr, T Classen, A J Conant, G Deichert, A Delgado, M V Diwan, M J Dolinski, A Erickson, B T Foust, J K Gaison, A Galindo-Uribari, C E Gilbert, C Grant, S Hans, A B Hansell, K M Heeger, B Heffron, D E Jaffe, S Jayakumar, X Ji, D C Jones, J Koblanski, P Kunkle, O Kyzylova, C E Lane, T J Langford, J LaRosa, B R Littlejohn, X Lu, J Maricic, M P Mendenhall, A M Meyer, R Milincic, P E Mueller, H P Mumm, J Napolitano, R Neilson, J A Nikkel, S Nour, J L Palomino, D A Pushin, X Qian, R Rosero, M Searles, P T Surukuchi, M A Tyra, R L Varner, D Venegas-Vargas, P B Weatherly, C White, J Wilhelmi, A Woolverton, M Yeh, C Zhang, X Zhang, and (The PROSPECT Collaboration)
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The precision reactor oscillation and spectrum experiment, PROSPECT, has made world-leading measurements of reactor antineutrinos at short baselines. In its first phase, conducted at the high flux isotope reactor (HFIR) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PROSPECT produced some of the strongest limits on eV-scale sterile neutrinos, made a precision measurement of the reactor antineutrino spectrum from 235U, and demonstrated the observation of reactor antineutrinos in an aboveground detector with good energy resolution and well-controlled backgrounds. The PROSPECT collaboration is now preparing an upgraded detector, PROSPECT-II, to probe yet unexplored parameter space for sterile neutrinos and contribute to a full resolution of the reactor antineutrino anomaly, a longstanding puzzle in neutrino physics. By pressing forward on the world’s most precise measurement of the 235U antineutrino spectrum and measuring the absolute flux of antineutrinos from 235U, PROSPECT-II will sharpen a tool with potential value for basic neutrino science, nuclear data validation, and nuclear security applications. Following a two-year deployment at HFIR, an additional PROSPECT-II deployment at a low enriched uranium reactor could make complementary measurements of the neutrino yield from other fission isotopes. PROSPECT-II provides a unique opportunity to continue the study of reactor antineutrinos at short baselines, taking advantage of demonstrated elements of the original PROSPECT design and close access to a highly enriched uranium reactor core.
Published: 2022
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10. Assessing the Hazards of Groundwater Logging in Tourism Aswan City, Egypt

Author: Ismail Abd-Elaty, Abdelazim Negm, Ali M. Hamdan, Ahmed S. Nour-Eldeen, Martina Zeleňáková, and Hickmat Hossen
Subjects: groundwater, logging, Aswan, HDL, leakage, withdrawal, Geography, Planning and Development, Aquatic Science, Biochemistry, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: This paper studies the groundwater logging problem in the Quaternary aquifer in Aswan city, Upper Egypt. Groundwater levels are already very high in Aswan city, but this has not been exploited, and it causes damage to the environment and infrastructure for roads, building, and templets. Rising groundwater leads to the deterioration and poor quality of agricultural lands. The main objective of this study is to assess and investigate the main reasons for the groundwater logging in the tourist city of Aswan using field investigation during different periods and gain a better understanding of the water dynamics in the study area. This study investigated the surface water levels in the High Dam Lake (HDL), the Kima Lake water levels, the recharge in the fish hatchery, the abstraction well rates in Kima and El-Shalal, and the leakage from the drinking water and wastewater network in Aswan city within the study area using field investigation. The results of this study show that the HDL is one of the most important sources feeding the aquifer in the study area, and it affects the rise and fall of the groundwater levels, but it is not the only factor that affects this problem. Moreover, the rise in the groundwater levels was due to the infiltration from the unlinking fish hatchery, the reduction in abstraction well rates from Kima Lake, the lack of abstraction from El shallal region, the increase in the leakage from drinking water pipelines, sewage networks and septic underground wastewater tanks; these factors are affecting groundwater logging in Aswan city. Potential groundwater level maps for the study area were generated using field data and ArcGIS technique for the years 2010, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2018, and 2020. Based on the results of the potential groundwater maps, the maximum and minimum difference for the groundwater levels in the study area between 2017 and 2012 reached 12.56 m and 0.83 m, respectively; also, between 2018 and 2017, the levels were 4.34 m and 0.25 m, respectively. Moreover, between 2020 and 2018, they were 8 m and 0.38 m, respectively.
Published: 2022
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11. Estimating the Changes in the Agricultural Lands Using Satellite Images Case Study: Fariman Dam Downstream Basin

Author: A. Noori, J. Omidvar, F. Modaresi, K. Davary, S. Nouri, and A. Asadi
Subjects: allocation of water resources, classification, land use change, land use map, sentinel 2, Agriculture (General), S1-972, Irrigation engineering. Reclamation of wasteland. Drainage, TC801-978
Abstract: IntroductionLimited fresh water resources and access to these resources as well as providing food security for the growing world population have led researchers to make extensive efforts in the field of optimal management of water consumption and determining the cultivation pattern in different regions. Therefore, identifying cultivated crops in a region and determining their area can be very effective in land management and water allocation in these regions. With the growth and advancement of technology in the field of satellite and remote sensing in recent decades, the use of satellite images in order to identify types of land use and types of cultivated products has expanded greatly. Sentinel-1 (radar) and Sentinel-2 (multi-spectral) satellites have been very popular in agriculture due to their improved spatial resolution (10 meters) and appropriate time resolution (5 days for Sentinel 2 and 12 days for Sentinel 1).Materials and MethodsThe studied area is located downstream of the Fariman dam in an area of 22.51 square kilometers (5122 hectares) and the central coordinates are 35 degrees 41 minutes and 59 seconds north latitude and 59 degrees 50 minutes and 49 seconds east longitude. In order to classify satellite images and produce crop maps, ground observation data is needed to train the classification model and also evaluate the accuracy of the results. For this purpose, sample points were taken from different land uses in the region, using GPS. Since it was not possible to take enough samples for all land uses and crops in the determined border, a larger sampling area was selected. Then, all collected data were sorted and for each class, 70% of the data was randomly used to train the classification model and 30% was used to validate the obtained classification results. In the present study, Sentinel 2 satellite images for the first 6 months (crop season) of 2021 and 2022 and digital elevation image (DEM) of the study area were considered. According to the surveys conducted and the reports of the agricultural jihad of Fariman city, the main crops cultivated in the region include maize, tomato, sugar beet, wheat and barley. Therefore, according to the phenological stages of these products in the region, the appropriate time series of images was selected. The accuracy of the classified map was evaluated using the Kappa coefficient and overall accuracy.Results and DiscussionIn order to identify and separate the land use in the study area according to the major cultivated crops, first the agricultural calendar of the crops was determined. Then, satellite images were selected based on crop cultivation period. Based on the evaluation indexes of commission error, omission error, overall accuracy as well as the Kappa coefficient, it was observed that the identification of classes and land use was done well and with high accuracy, so that the overall accuracy for the classification map of 2022 is equal to 0.97 and the kappa coefficient value was 0.94. In order to compare land use changes during the two years 2022 and 2021, classification was also done for the images of the crop year 2021. Since the training samples of agricultural crops were not available separately and in sufficient numbers in the crop year of 2021, the classification map of this year was produced only based on the type of land use, and all crops in one class entered the classification model training process. The values of overall accuracy and kappa coefficient in 2021 were obtained as 0.97 and 0.95 respectively. According to the obtained results, the area of the orchard class has increased since 2021 compared to 2022. After repeated field visits to the study area and investigation of some land uses that had been changed and turned into orchard use, it was found that in some areas in 2022 there was the growth of villa gardens and in some areas the farmers have converted cropland to orchard (construction of an orchard). Even in some cases, the old orchard in the region was destroyed by the farmers and the land was fallow for 2 to 3 years (2021, fallow). In 2022, the farmer built a new orchard. It is also necessary to mention that fallow lands are included in the soil class depending on whether they are newly plowed or have no vegetation, and if weeds have grown on these lands, they are included in the rangeland class. ConclusionThe effective management of water resources from dams for agricultural purposes necessitates the identification of land use downstream of the dams, along with determining the types of crops and their respective areas. In this study, Sentinel 2 satellite images were employed to classify and delineate land use associated with agricultural cultivation downstream of the Fariman dam in Razavi Khorasan Province, spanning the crop years of 2021 and 2022. The results indicate that the Sentinel 2 satellite demonstrates a high capacity to differentiate between various types of land use and crops. The generated map depicting changes in land use and crop cultivation areas can be instrumental in water use planning and the allocation of water resources.
Published: 2024
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12. Nonfuel Antineutrino Contributions in the High Flux Isotope Reactor

Author: A B, Balantekin, H R, Band, C D, Bass, D E, Bergeron, D, Berish, N S, Bowden, J P, Brodsky, C D, Bryan, T, Classen, A J, Conant, G, Deichert, M V, Diwan, M J, Dolinski, A, Erickson, B T, Foust, J K, Gaison, A, Galindo-Uribarri, C E, Gilbert, B T, Hackett, S, Hans, A B, Hansell, K M, Heeger, B, Heffron, D E, Jaffe, X, Ji, D C, Jones, O, Kyzylova, C E, Lane, T J, Langford, J, LaRosa, B R, Littlejohn, X, Lu, J, Maricic, M P, Mendenhall, R, Milincic, I, Mitchell, P E, Mueller, H P, Mumm, J, Napolitano, R, Neilson, J A, Nikkel, D, Norcini, S, Nour, J L, Palomino-Gallo, D A, Pushin, X, Qian, E, Romero-Romero, R, Rosero, P T, Surukuchi, M A, Tyra, R L, Varner, C, White, J, Wilhelmi, A, Woolverton, M, Yeh, A, Zhang, C, Zhang, and X, Zhang
Subjects: Article
Abstract: Reactor neutrino experiments have seen major improvements in precision in recent years. With the experimental uncertainties becoming lower than those from theory, carefully considering all sources of [Formula: see text] is important when making theoretical predictions. One source of [Formula: see text] that is often neglected arises from the irradiation of the nonfuel materials in reactors. The [Formula: see text] rates and energies from these sources vary widely based on the reactor type, configuration, and sampling stage during the reactor cycle and have to be carefully considered for each experiment independently. In this article, we present a formalism for selecting the possible [Formula: see text] sources arising from the neutron captures on reactor and target materials. We apply this formalism to the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the [Formula: see text] source for the the Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Measurement (PROSPECT) experiment. Overall, we observe that the nonfuel [Formula: see text] contributions from HFIR to PROSPECT amount to 1% above the inverse beta decay threshold with a maximum contribution of 9% in the 1.8–2.0 MeV range. Nonfuel contributions can be particularly high for research reactors like HFIR because of the choice of structural and reflector material in addition to the intentional irradiation of target material for isotope production. We show that typical commercial pressurized water reactors fueled with low-enriched uranium will have significantly smaller nonfuel [Formula: see text] contribution.
Published: 2020

13. Preparation and evaluation of new reference materials for naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM): Zirconium silicate, bauxite, and phosphogypsum

Author: Jong-Myoung Lim, S. Nour, M. K. Pham, Jeong Hee Han, Hoon Lee, JuHyun Lee, Paweł Gaca, EunHee Kwon, Jung-Seok Chae, Jung-Suk Oh, Yong-Jae Kim, Jerome J. La Rosa, and Benoit Daniel
Subjects: Radionuclide, Zirconium, Radiation, Materials science, Metallurgy, chemistry.chemical_element, Radioactive waste, Thorium, Phosphogypsum, engineering.material, Uranium, 010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Silicate, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 0104 chemical sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Bauxite, 0302 clinical medicine, chemistry, engineering
Abstract: New reference materials (RMs), zirconium silicate, bauxite and phosphogypsum, were produced and characterized according to an ISO guide. The homogeneity of the three RMs was evaluated using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and characterizations of the three candidate materials were performed through a collaborative study with nine expert radioanalytical laboratories. The assigned radionuclides are 230Th, 232Th, 234U, 235U, and 238U for zirconium silicate; 230Th, 232Th, 234U, and 238U for bauxite; and 226Ra, 230Th, 234U, and 238U for phosphogypsum.
Published: 2020

14. Prominent Receptors of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells in Liver Homeostasis and Disease

Author: Ekta Pandey, Aiah S. Nour, and Edward N. Harris
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Physiology, Receptor expression, ligand binding, cell surface receptor, Inflammation, Review, liver, lcsh:Physiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cell surface receptor, Physiology (medical), medicine, endocytosis, Scavenger receptor, Receptor, lcsh:QP1-981, Cell adhesion molecule, Chemistry, sinusoidal endothelial cells, scavenger receptors, Damage-associated molecular pattern, Cell biology, Endothelial stem cell, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.symptom, 030215 immunology
Abstract: Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) are the most abundant non-parenchymal cells lining the sinusoidal capillaries of the hepatic system. LSECs are characterized with numerous fenestrae and lack basement membrane as well as a diaphragm. These unique morphological characteristics of LSECs makes them the most permeable endothelial cells of the mammalian vasculature and aid in regulating flow of macromolecules and small lipid-based structures between sinusoidal blood and parenchymal cells. LSECs have a very high endocytic capacity aided by scavenger receptors (SR), such as SR-A, SR-B (SR-B1 and CD-36), SR-E (Lox-1 and mannose receptors), and SR-H (Stabilins). Other high-affinity receptors for mediating endocytosis include the FcγRIIb, which assist in the antibody-mediated removal of immune complexes. Complemented with intense lysosomal activity, LSECs play a vital role in the uptake and degradation of many blood borne waste macromolecules and small (
Published: 2020

15. Nonfuel antineutrino contributions in the ORNL High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR)

Author: Xiaolu Ji, I. Mitchell, D. Norcini, A. Woolverton, C.E. Gilbert, J. Wilhelmi, Chao Zhang, Aiwu Zhang, S. Nour, M. P. Mendenhall, A. J. Conant, J. L. Palomino-Gallo, Anna Erickson, X. Lu, R. Neilson, E. Romero-Romero, C. E. Lane, Christopher G. White, T. Classen, D. Berish, R. Milincic, D. E. Jaffe, T. J. Langford, R. Rosero, A. B. Hansell, J. A. Nikkel, C. D. Bryan, J. LaRosa, Denis E. Bergeron, B. T. Foust, A. Galindo-Uribarri, B. R. Littlejohn, Jim Napolitano, M. A. Tyra, P. T. Surukuchi, X. Zhang, D. C. Jones, A. B. Balantekin, O. Kyzylova, R. L. Varner, J. K. Gaison, B. Hackett, J. Maricic, Nathaniel Bowden, Hans P. Mumm, K. M. Heeger, Minfang Yeh, J. P. Brodsky, M. V. Diwan, P. E. Mueller, H. R. Band, G. Deichert, Xin Qian, Dmitry A. Pushin, B. Heffron, C. D. Bass, M. J. Dolinski, and S. Hans
Subjects: Physics, Isotope, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, chemistry.chemical_element, Uranium, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear physics, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Inverse beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Irradiation, Reactor neutrino, 010306 general physics, High Flux Isotope Reactor
Abstract: Reactor neutrino experiments have seen major improvements in precision in recent years. With the experimental uncertainties becoming lower than those from theory, carefully considering all sources of ν ¯ e is important when making theoretical predictions. One source of ν ¯ e that is often neglected arises from the irradiation of the nonfuel materials in reactors. The ν ¯ e rates and energies from these sources vary widely based on the reactor type, configuration, and sampling stage during the reactor cycle and have to be carefully considered for each experiment independently. In this article, we present a formalism for selecting the possible ν ¯ e sources arising from the neutron captures on reactor and target materials. We apply this formalism to the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the ν ¯ e source for the the Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Measurement (PROSPECT) experiment. Overall, we observe that the nonfuel ν ¯ e contributions from HFIR to PROSPECT amount to 1% above the inverse beta decay threshold with a maximum contribution of 9% in the 1.8-2.0 MeV range. Nonfuel contributions can be particularly high for research reactors like HFIR because of the choice of structural and reflector material in addition to the intentional irradiation of target material for isotope production. We show that typical commercial pressurized water reactors fueled with low-enriched uranium will have significantly smaller nonfuel ν ¯ e contribution.
Published: 2020
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16. Comprehensive Rehabilitation Program Versus Traditional Chest Physiotherapy for Weaning from Mechanical Ventilator ; randomized clinical trial

Author: Hatem ELmoutaz, Awny F. Rahmy, Ahmed M. S. Nour Eldin, Ahmed Z. Fouad, and Sherin H. M. Mehani
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Rehabilitation, Mechanical ventilator, Randomized controlled trial, business.industry, law, medicine.medical_treatment, Physical therapy, Medicine, Weaning, Chest physiotherapy, business, law.invention
Abstract: Background Patients needing prolonged mechanical ventilation have poor outcomes and are increasing in number. Weakness of inspiratory muscles is a well- established complication of prolonged mechanical ventilator , however the role of physical therapist has been expanded towards rehabilitation rather than inspiratory care only. The purpose of this study was to compare between comprehensive rehabilitation program and traditional chest physiotherapy on weaning from mechanical ventilation, improvement of respiratory muscle strength, peripheral muscle strength and functional status.Methods Fifty mechanically ventilated general surgery patients from both sexes (men & women) with age from 40 to 50 years old participated in the present randomized clinical trial. They had difficult and prolonged weaning. They were divided randomly into two groups , group(A) consisted of twenty four patients who received comprehensive rehabilitation program combined with inspiratory muscle training and group(B) consisted of twenty six patients who received traditional chest physical therapy combined with inspiratory muscle training. Four patients in the study group and six subjects in the control group died during the intervention period and thus their data were excluded from the final analysis. Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), peripheral muscle strength and Functional independence measure questionnaire were measured at the beginning of the study and at weaning from mechanical ventilator.ResultsResults revealed that there was a significant improvement in days to wean and peripheral muscle strength in difficult and prolonged weaning patients in group A compared with group B. There was a significant improvement in maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) in both groups. In addition, there was a significant increase in the median values of functional independence measures in group A more than group B.ConclusionsBoth physical therapy programs inspiratory muscle training and comprehensive rehabilitation and inspiratory muscle training and traditional chest physical therapy showed an increase in inspiratory muscle strength. On the other hand comprehensive program consisted of peripheral muscle training and functional training was more superior in decreasing days to wean and increasing peripheral muscle strength and functional independence measure score. The trial was prospectively registered at Clinicaltrials.gov ; Identifier: NCT04021615 ; date : 13-7-2019
Published: 2020
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17. Preparation and calibration of a

Author: Ronald Colle, Lizbeth Laureano-Perez, John Keightley, Leticia S. Pibida, Kerri C. Treinen, J. LaRosa, Ross W. Williams, Ryan P. Fitzgerald, S. Nour, Richard M. Essex, and Raphael Galea
Subjects: Materials science, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Nuclear forensics, Metrological traceability, Radiochemistry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Protactinium, chemistry.chemical_element, Isotope dilution, Uranium, Pollution, Article, Analytical Chemistry, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, Nuclear safeguards, Calibration, Measurement uncertainty, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Spectroscopy
Abstract: A (231)Pa reference material has been characterized for amount of protactinium. This reference material is primarily intended for calibration of (233)Pa tracers produced for (235)U–(231)Pa model age measurements associated with nuclear forensics and nuclear safeguards. Primary measurements for characterization were made by isotope dilution mass spectrometry of a purified (231)Pa solution using a (233)Pa isotopic spike. The spike was calibrated by allowing multiple aliquots of the (233)Pa spike solution to decay to (233)U and then measuring the ingrown (233)U by isotope dilution mass spectrometry using a certified uranium assay and isotopic standard as a reverse-spike. The new (231)Pa reference material will simplify calibration of the (233)Pa isotope dilution spikes, provide metrological traceability, and potentially reduce the overall measurement uncertainty of model ages.
Published: 2020

18. Performance qualité des services biomédicaux : outil tridiagnostique ISO 9001, critère 8K HAS et NF S99-170

Author: S Nour, S N Tandja Tchami, Gilbert Farges, and Z Xu
Subjects: Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics
Published: 2018
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19. Urdu Translation and Validation of the Penn Inventory of Scrupulosity-Revised

Author: S. Ghayas, S. Noureen, and C. A. Lewis
Subjects: Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract: Introduction Scrupulosity is an Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in which an individual experiences persistent doubts and fears about committing religious and moral sins. Researchers have extensively used the Penn Inventory of Scrupulosity-Revised (PIOS-R), which has been translated into various languages. Objectives The present study translated and validated the PIOS-R into Urdu. Methods The PIOS-R was translated using the forward-backwards translation method. A sample of 443 Muslim University students (male 224 and female 119) with an age range of 18 to 33 years (M = 21.56, SD = 2.02) completed the Urdu version of the PIOS-R. Cross-lingual validity was established on a further 60 participants. Results Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed the two-factor structure of the Urdu version of the PIOS-R. It provided an excellent model fit to the data with chi-square 238.72, CFI = .92, GFI = .93 and RMSEA = .03. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of total scale, Fear of God Subscale, and Fear of Sins Subscale was .84, .74, and .78 respectively were satisfactory. The convergent validity of the Urdu version of the PIOS-R was demonstrated with significant positive correlations with measures of anxiety (r = .21, p
Published: 2024
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20. Comprehensive Rehabilitation Program Versus Traditional Chest Physiotherapy for Weaning from Mechanical Ventilator ; randomized clinical trial

Author: Mehani, Sherin H. M., primary, ELmoutaz, Hatem, additional, Rahmy, Awny F., additional, Eldin, Ahmed M. S. Nour, additional, and Fouad, Ahmed Z., additional
Published: 2020
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21. A Brief Review on the Principles of Human Cadaver Preservation and Monitoring of Microbial Degradation

Author: Khalid M. Taha, Khalid Hadi Aldosari, Abubaker Y. Elamin, Elmutasim O. Ibnouf, Muhammad Musthafa, Younis S. Nour, Mohammed H. Karrar Alsharif, and Mamoun A. Alfaki
Subjects: Human cadaver, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Third world, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cadaver, Medicine, Engineering ethics, Embalming, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Putrefaction
Abstract: Putrefaction and decay of preserved cadaver and body parts is one of the major issues that the faculties of medicines in various third world countries are facing. In this study we focus on the meaning of body preservation, causes of putrefaction and we highlight our personal experiences at the Faculty of Medicine in Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University in KSA, in preserving the body cadavers. We studied different physical and chemical methods of preservation of cadavers and body parts at the faculty and their efficiency in preventing bacteria and fungi that cause putrefaction and decay.
Published: 2017
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22. Measurement of the Antineutrino Spectrum from U235 Fission at HFIR with PROSPECT

Author: D. Davee, G. Deichert, D. Norcini, Michael Febbraro, R. L. Varner, J. M. Minock, M. V. Diwan, Chao Zhang, M. P. Mendenhall, A. B. Hansell, X. Zhang, B. Viren, J. T. Matta, Hans P. Mumm, H. R. Band, B. T. Foust, A. Galindo-Uribarri, Anna Erickson, B. R. Littlejohn, J. Nikkel, J. Wilhelmi, Y-R Yen, D. C. Jones, J. Insler, J. J. Cherwinka, A. B. Balantekin, S. Nour, K. Gilje, T. Wise, C. E. Gilbert, P. T. Surukuchi, S. Hans, D. Berish, O. Kyzylova, K. M. Heeger, D. E. Jaffe, C. D. Bryan, M. J. Dolinski, E. Romero-Romero, Aiwu Zhang, A. J. Conant, R. Neilson, J. LaRosa, P. E. Mueller, M. A. Tyra, Richard Rosero, Jim Napolitano, Denis E. Bergeron, D. J. Dean, Dmitry A. Pushin, Minfang Yeh, C.D. Bass, R. D. McKeown, B. T. Hackett, Xin Lu, Andrew A. Cox, Xiaolu Ji, J. K. Gaison, J. P. Brodsky, Xin Qian, T. Classen, Dusan Sarenac, A. B. Telles, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, C. E. Lane, T. J. Langford, Christopher G. White, J. Ashenfelter, and Nathaniel Bowden
Subjects: Semileptonic decay, Physics, Fission, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Inverse, Uranium, Enriched uranium, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear physics, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Energy (signal processing), High Flux Isotope Reactor
Abstract: This Letter reports the first measurement of the ^{235}U ν[over ¯]_{e} energy spectrum by PROSPECT, the Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum experiment, operating 7.9 m from the 85 MW_{th} highly enriched uranium (HEU) High Flux Isotope Reactor. With a surface-based, segmented detector, PROSPECT has observed 31678±304(stat) ν[over ¯]_{e}-induced inverse beta decays, the largest sample from HEU fission to date, 99% of which are attributed to ^{235}U. Despite broad agreement, comparison of the Huber ^{235}U model to the measured spectrum produces a χ^{2}/ndf=51.4/31, driven primarily by deviations in two localized energy regions. The measured ^{235}U spectrum shape is consistent with a deviation relative to prediction equal in size to that observed at low-enriched uranium power reactors in the ν[over ¯]_{e} energy region of 5-7 MeV.
Published: 2019
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23. The Radioactive Source Calibration System of the PROSPECT Reactor Antineutrino Detector

Author: R. Rosero, Denis E. Bergeron, T. J. Langford, R. L. Varner, R. D. McKeown, Chao Zhang, M. P. Mendenhall, J. Ashenfelter, M. V. Diwan, Xin Qian, Nathaniel Bowden, X. Lu, Aiwu Zhang, J. Wilhelmi, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, D. Norcini, J. T. Matta, A. B. Telles, Y-R Yen, G. Deichert, C. D. Bass, M. J. Dolinski, Hans P. Mumm, Jim Napolitano, C.E. Gilbert, J. P. Brodsky, D. C. Jones, J. Insler, A. B. Balantekin, O. Kyzylova, J. J. Cherwinka, R. Neilson, A. B. Hansell, K. M. Heeger, P. E. Mueller, B. Hackett, H. R. Band, B. T. Foust, S. Hans, C. E. Lane, X. Zhang, Dmitry A. Pushin, A. Galindo-Uribarri, B. R. Littlejohn, E. Romero-Romero, J. LaRosa, D. E. Jaffe, Minfang Yeh, S. Nour, P. T. Surukuchi, J. A. Nikkel, Anna Erickson, T. Wise, D. Berish, Christopher G. White, T. Classen, Dusan Sarenac, M. A. Tyra, Michael Febbraro, B. Viren, C. D. Bryan, A. J. Conant, J. K. Gaison, and D. J. Dean
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Radioactive source, Nuclear engineering, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear reactor, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Physics::Geophysics, law, Inverse beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, High Flux Isotope Reactor
Abstract: The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum (PROSPECT) Experiment is a reactor neutrino experiment designed to search for sterile neutrinos with a mass on the order of 1 eV/c$^2$ and to measure the spectrum of electron antineutrinos from a highly-enriched $^{235}$U nuclear reactor. The PROSPECT detector consists of an 11 by 14 array of optical segments in $^{6}$Li-loaded liquid scintillator at the High Flux Isotope Reactor in Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Antineutrino events are identified via inverse beta decay and read out by photomultiplier tubes located at the ends of each segment. The detector response is characterized using a radioactive source calibration system. This paper describes the design, operation, and performance of the PROSPECT source calibration system.
Published: 2019

24. Measurement of the Antineutrino Spectrum from ^{235}U Fission at HFIR with PROSPECT

Author: J, Ashenfelter, A B, Balantekin, H R, Band, C D, Bass, D E, Bergeron, D, Berish, N S, Bowden, J P, Brodsky, C D, Bryan, J J, Cherwinka, T, Classen, A J, Conant, A A, Cox, D, Davee, D, Dean, G, Deichert, M V, Diwan, M J, Dolinski, A, Erickson, M, Febbraro, B T, Foust, J K, Gaison, A, Galindo-Uribarri, C E, Gilbert, K E, Gilje, B T, Hackett, S, Hans, A B, Hansell, K M, Heeger, J, Insler, D E, Jaffe, X, Ji, D C, Jones, O, Kyzylova, C E, Lane, T J, Langford, J, LaRosa, B R, Littlejohn, X, Lu, D A, Martinez Caicedo, J T, Matta, R D, McKeown, M P, Mendenhall, J M, Minock, P E, Mueller, H P, Mumm, J, Napolitano, R, Neilson, J A, Nikkel, D, Norcini, S, Nour, D A, Pushin, X, Qian, E, Romero-Romero, R, Rosero, D, Sarenac, P T, Surukuchi, A B, Telles, M A, Tyra, R L, Varner, B, Viren, C, White, J, Wilhelmi, T, Wise, M, Yeh, Y-R, Yen, A, Zhang, C, Zhang, and X, Zhang
Abstract: This Letter reports the first measurement of the ^{235}U ν[over ¯]_{e} energy spectrum by PROSPECT, the Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum experiment, operating 7.9 m from the 85 MW_{th} highly enriched uranium (HEU) High Flux Isotope Reactor. With a surface-based, segmented detector, PROSPECT has observed 31678±304(stat) ν[over ¯]_{e}-induced inverse beta decays, the largest sample from HEU fission to date, 99% of which are attributed to ^{235}U. Despite broad agreement, comparison of the Huber ^{235}U model to the measured spectrum produces a χ^{2}/ndf=51.4/31, driven primarily by deviations in two localized energy regions. The measured ^{235}U spectrum shape is consistent with a deviation relative to prediction equal in size to that observed at low-enriched uranium power reactors in the ν[over ¯]_{e} energy region of 5-7 MeV.
Published: 2019

25. The portrait of neem leaves-based high performance wound healing activity on zebrafi.

Author: A. S., Nour Athiroh, Hayati, Ari, Pudjiwati, Istirochah, Taufiq, Ahmad, and Mubarakati, Nurul Jadid
Subjects: *NEEM, *HEALING, *WOUND healing
Abstract: This study was designed to evaluate the role of sliced and dropping models of neem leaves (Azadirachta indica) and environmental factors on zebrafish wound shrinkage. This study employed two treatment models: neem leaf slices and drops model. The treatment in the neem leaf slice model was the control group (fish was injured without neem leaf slices treatment, and G1-G3 of each fish was injured at 0.3 cm + 0.5, 1, and 2 g. Treatment in the neem leaf drop model was control group (fish was injured without neem leaves drops, and G1-G3 of each fish was injured at 0.3 cm + 1, 2, 4 drops. Findings suggest that there is a significant difference between the control group by treating G1, G2, and G3 on the shrinkage of zebrafish wound area both in the neem leaf slice and drop models, but G1 was not significantly different from G2 and G3, as well as G2 and G3 both in the neem leaf slice and drop model. Neem leaves contain nutrients that play a vital role in the formation of collagen and the formation of new capillaries to help speed up the wound healing process. The healing process involves the dynamic interaction of physiological factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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26. Study of Brain-Type Natriuretic Peptide in Children with Epileptic Seizures

Author: Elham E. Elsakka, Hanan Galal Azouz, Hamdi M. Bediar, Mohamed A. Sobhy Ola S. Nour Eldin, and Magdi M. El-Bordeni
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, medicine.drug_class, Physical examination, Neurological examination, Partial Motor Seizure, Brain natriuretic peptide, medicine.disease, Idiopathic generalized epilepsy, Epilepsy, Anesthesia, Internal medicine, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Natriuretic peptide, Medicine, Medical history, cardiovascular diseases, Neurology (clinical), business, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Abstract: Background Elevated N-terminal of the prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations in childhood epilepsy and febrile convulsions has been reported. The present study was conducted on 30 children at Alexandria University Children's Hospital. They have been classified into two groups: (1) seizures group which included 20 postictal children (10 males and 10 females), subdivided into 10 children with partial epilepsy who had partial motor seizures (PS) and 10 children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy who had tonic–clonic seizures and (2) control group which included 10 children (8 males and 2 females) who was randomly selected from epileptic children after a seizure-free period of at least for 2 months. All cases and controls were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination with emphasis on neurological examination, and routine laboratory investigations to exclude any disease that may alter serum level of BNP, such as cardiac, renal, or hepatic disease. For seizures group, plasma concentration (NT-proBNP) was measured within 4 hours after seizure onset and again 24 to 48 hours later. For control group NT-proBNP was measured once. Subanalyses were done and plasma NT-proBNP levels in each subgroup of postseizure group within 4 hours postictal were compared with NT-proBNP levels among control group. Results NT-proBNP plasma concentrations within 4 hours postictal were significantly higher among the postseizure group compared with the control group. Significant decrease of NT-proBNP levels in the postseizure group was observed after the 24- to 48-hour follow-up. NT-proBNP plasma concentrations were significantly higher among patients with generalized seizures compared with controls. Conclusion Plasma NT-proBNP assay when measured in the appropriate clinical setting may be useful in the diagnosis of childhood epilepsy.
Published: 2016
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27. CHANGES IN LIPID PROFILE, AST, ALT, UREA, AND CREATININE BY NIGELLA SATIVA SEEDS POWDER IN ADULT MALE ALBINO DIABETIC RATS

Author: Khaled A. Abdel-Sater, Gamal El-Din Abdel-Hamid, Ahmad S. S. Nour El-Deen, Ahmad Mostafa Mahmoud, and Adel Shalaby
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Creatinine, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Nigella sativa, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, chemistry, Oral administration, Diabetes mellitus, Alloxan, Internal medicine, Urea, Medicine, Liver function, business, Lipid profile
Abstract: Background: The rising rates of diabetes mellitus indicate a need for enhanced education and training in effectively preventing, screening, diagnosing and treating the condition. Objective: Determination of the possible beneficial effects of Nigella Sativa Seeds powder in treatment of diabetes mellitus. Material and Methods: One hundred and forty adult male albino rats of local strain, 8 weeks of age and weighing from 120 to 150 g, were chosen as an animal model for this study. The animals were divided into control and diabetic groups. Diabetes was induced by alloxan. The experiment continued for 60 days of Nigella Sativa seeds powder treatment. . After12 hours over night fasting at the end of experiment, morning blood samples and liver specimens were collected for the determination of lipid profile, aspartate aminotransferase “AST”, alanine amino transferase “ALT”, creatinine, urea and liver architecture. Results: Lipid profile, AST, ALT and liver structure showed significant improvement with NS powder treatment. No statistically significant differences occur in creatinine or urea. It caused a sort of protection to the hepatocytes from the effect of diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Oral administration of NS seeds did not give any toxic effects on liver function evaluating hepatic enzymes level as well as histopathological changes of liver tissue.
Published: 2016
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28. Optimum lithium loading of a liquid scintillator for neutron and neutrino detection

Author: S. Nour, M. A. Tyra, Hans P. Mumm, Denis E. Bergeron, T. J. Langford, and J. La Rosa
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Scintillation, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Liquid scintillation counting, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, Neutron capture, 0302 clinical medicine, Neutrino detector, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Lithium, Nuclear Experiment, Neutral particle, Instrumentation
Abstract: Neutral particle detection in high-background environments is greatly aided by the ability to easily load 6Li into liquid scintillators. We describe a readily available and inexpensive liquid scintillation cocktail stably loaded with a Li mass fraction up to 1 %. Compositions that give thermodynamically stable microemulsions (reverse-micellar systems) were explored, using a Compton spectrum quenching technique to distinguish these from unstable emulsions. Scintillation light yield and transmittance were characterized. Pulse shape discrimination (PSD) was measured using a 252Cf source, showing that electron-like and proton-like recoil events are well-resolved even for Li loading up to 1 %, providing a means of background suppression in neutron/neutrino detectors. While samples in this work were prepared with nat Li (7.59 % 6Li), the neutron capture peak was clearly visible in the PSD spectrum; this implies that while extremely high capture efficiency could be achieved with 6Li-enriched material, a very inexpensive neutron-sensitive detector can be prepared with nat Li.
Published: 2020
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29. Performance of a segmented $^{6}$Li-loaded liquid scintillator detector for the PROSPECT experiment

Author: Dmitry A. Pushin, M. A. Tyra, C. E. Lane, J. P. Brodsky, R. Rosero, Minfang Yeh, Denis E. Bergeron, T. J. Langford, Chao Zhang, M. P. Mendenhall, R. D. McKeown, A. B. Hansell, H. R. Band, S. Nour, Anna Erickson, J. Ashenfelter, D. Norcini, J. J. Cherwinka, T. Wise, D. Berish, K. Gilje, Hans P. Mumm, J. Wilhelmi, Christopher G. White, T. Classen, P. E. Mueller, M. V. Diwan, B. T. Foust, R. Neilson, D. Davee, Nathaniel Bowden, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, F. Lopez, B. Hackett, K. M. Heeger, Y-R Yen, Ke Han, Jim Napolitano, A. Galindo-Uribarri, B. R. Littlejohn, A. Bykadorova Telles, J. T. Matta, D. C. Jones, J. Insler, A. B. Balantekin, E. Romero-Romero, O. Kyzylova, S. Hans, P. T. Surukuchi, X. Zhang, K. Commeford, G. Deichert, D. E. Jaffe, Aiwu Zhang, J. A. Nikkel, C. D. Bass, M. J. Dolinski, J. M. Wagner, A. J. Conant, J. K. Gaison, B. Heffron, Xin Qian, C. Trinh, J. LaRosa, C. D. Bryan, and J. M. Minock
Subjects: Scintillation, Materials science, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Attenuation length, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Neutron capture, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Optics, Recoil, Neutrino detector, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron detection, 010306 general physics, business, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract: This paper describes the design and performance of a 50 liter, two-segment $^{6}$Li-loaded liquid scintillator detector that was designed and operated as prototype for the PROSPECT (Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum) Experiment. The two-segment detector was constructed according to the design specifications of the experiment. It features low-mass optical separators, an integrated source and optical calibration system, and materials that are compatible with the $^{6}$Li-doped scintillator developed by PROSPECT. We demonstrate a high light collection of 850$\pm$20 PE/MeV, an energy resolution of $\sigma$ = 4.0$\pm$0.2% at 1 MeV, and efficient pulse-shape discrimination of low $dE/dx$ (electronic recoil) and high $dE/dx$ (nuclear recoil) energy depositions. An effective scintillation attenuation length of 85$\pm$3 cm is measured in each segment. The 0.1% by mass concentration of $^{6}$Li in the scintillator results in a measured neutron capture time of $\tau$ = 42.8$\pm$0.2 $\mu s$. The long-term stability of the scintillator is also discussed. The detector response meets the criteria necessary for achieving the PROSPECT physics goals and demonstrates features that may find application in fast neutron detection., Comment: 16 pages, 13 figures; minor edits to design detail and references
Published: 2018
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30. First search for short-baseline neutrino oscillations at HFIR with PROSPECT

Author: R. Neilson, Lindsey J. Bignell, D. E. Jaffe, J. A. Nikkel, J. J. Cherwinka, K. Gilje, C. E. Gilbert, D. Davee, R. L. Varner, A. Galindo-Uribarri, B. R. Littlejohn, Minfang Yeh, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, K. Koehler, C. D. Bryan, D. C. Jones, J. Insler, B. Heffron, H. R. Band, C. D. Bass, M. J. Dolinski, A. B. Hansell, A. B. Balantekin, O. Kyzylova, D. Norcini, A. Bykadorova Telles, R. Sharma, J. LaRosa, J. M. Wagner, C. E. Lane, B. T. Foust, C. Baldenegro, Xin Lu, G. Deichert, P. T. Surukuchi, D. J. Dean, H. Yao, Dusan Sarenac, Michael Febbraro, Ke Han, J. P. Brodsky, R. Rosero, J. Wilhelmi, Andrew A. Cox, M. V. Diwan, Jim Napolitano, Denis E. Bergeron, B. Viren, B. R. White, Aiwu Zhang, Hans P. Mumm, J. Bricco, R. D. McKeown, Chao Zhang, K. Commeford, M. P. Mendenhall, Christopher G. White, Wei Wang, J. T. Matta, T. Classen, F. Lopez, K. M. Heeger, X. Zhang, H. J. Miller, T. J. Langford, J. Ashenfelter, X. Ji, Nathaniel Bowden, S. Hans, B. Seilhan, Dmitry A. Pushin, Xin Qian, S. Nour, Anna Erickson, T. Wise, D. Berish, M. A. Tyra, P. E. Mueller, Y-R Yen, A. Glenn, B. T. Hackett, J. K. Gaison, M. Zhao, E. Romero-Romero, A. J. Conant, J. M. Minock, B. W. Goddard, and C. Trinh
Subjects: Physics, Fission products, Sterile neutrino, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Fission, Oscillation, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics::Geophysics, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Inverse beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Physics::Chemical Physics, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, High Flux Isotope Reactor
Abstract: This Letter reports the first scientific results from the observation of antineutrinos emitted by fission products of $^{235}$U at the High Flux Isotope Reactor. PROSPECT, the Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment, consists of a segmented 4 ton $^6$Li-doped liquid scintillator detector covering a baseline range of 7-9 m from the reactor and operating under less than 1 meter water equivalent overburden. Data collected during 33 live-days of reactor operation at a nominal power of 85 MW yields a detection of 25461 $\pm$ 283 (stat.) inverse beta decays. Observation of reactor antineutrinos can be achieved in PROSPECT at 5$\sigma$ statistical significance within two hours of on-surface reactor-on data-taking. A reactor-model independent analysis of the inverse beta decay prompt energy spectrum as a function of baseline constrains significant portions of the previously allowed sterile neutrino oscillation parameter space at 95% confidence level and disfavors the best fit of the Reactor Antineutrino Anomaly at 2.2$\sigma$ confidence level., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures; v3: Added additional supplemental files
Published: 2018
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31. The PROSPECT Reactor Antineutrino Experiment

Author: J. J. Cherwinka, Aiwu Zhang, K. Gilje, G. Deichert, C. Baldenegro, A. Galindo-Uribarri, B. R. Littlejohn, R. Sharma, P. T. Surukuchi, Wei Wang, E. Romero-Romero, D. Norcini, R. L. Varner, K. Commeford, B. Hackett, C. E. Lane, M. Zhao, Minfang Yeh, H. R. Band, A. B. Hansell, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, A. J. Conant, X. Lu, M. V. Diwan, J. M. Minock, B. T. Foust, J. Boyle, Christopher G. White, S. Nour, T. Classen, Anna Erickson, R. Rosero, B. W. Goddard, J. T. Matta, J. K. Gaison, C.E. Gilbert, H. J. Miller, A. Bykadorova Telles, T. Wise, T. J. Langford, D. Berish, Y-R Yen, Denis E. Bergeron, R. Neilson, D. J. Dean, A. Glenn, Michael Febbraro, J. Ashenfelter, R. D. McKeown, B. Viren, Lindsey J. Bignell, Jim Napolitano, J. Bricco, J. P. Brodsky, P. E. Mueller, D. E. Jaffe, M. A. Tyra, X. Ji, Nathaniel Bowden, X. Zhang, J. A. Nikkel, Ke Han, Chao Zhang, H. Yao, C. Trinh, M. P. Mendenhall, C. D. Bryan, K. Koehler, Hans P. Mumm, F. Lopez, D. C. Jones, J. Insler, K. M. Heeger, A. B. Balantekin, O. Kyzylova, Andrew A. Cox, B. R. White, D. Davee, Dusan Sarenac, J. LaRosa, C. D. Bass, M. J. Dolinski, B. Heffron, J. M. Wagner, Xin Qian, J. Wilhelmi, B. Seilhan, Dmitry A. Pushin, and S. Hans
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Sterile neutrino, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Oscillation, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Parameter space, Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Physics::Geophysics, Nuclear physics, Inverse beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Instrumentation, High Flux Isotope Reactor
Abstract: The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment, PROSPECT, is designed to make both a precise measurement of the antineutrino spectrum from a highly-enriched uranium reactor and to probe eV-scale sterile neutrinos by searching for neutrino oscillations over meter-long baselines. PROSPECT utilizes a segmented $^6$Li-doped liquid scintillator detector for both efficient detection of reactor antineutrinos through the inverse beta decay reaction and excellent background discrimination. PROSPECT is a movable 4-ton antineutrino detector covering distances of 7m to 13m from the High Flux Isotope Reactor core. It will probe the best-fit point of the $\bar\nu_e$ disappearance experiments at 4$\sigma$ in 1 year and the favored regions of the sterile neutrino parameter space at more than 3$\sigma$ in 3 years. PROSPECT will test the origin of spectral deviations observed in recent $\theta_{13}$ experiments, search for sterile neutrinos, and address the hypothesis of sterile neutrinos as an explanation of the reactor anomaly. This paper describes the design, construction, and commissioning of PROSPECT and reports first data characterizing the performance of the PROSPECT antineutrino detector., Comment: 30 pages, 33 figures; updated with journal revision and reference
Published: 2018
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32. Effects of Nigella Sativa Seeds Powder in Body Weight , Insulin , C-Peptides and Blood Indices in Adult Diabetic Male Rats = تأثير مسحوق بذور الحبة السوداء على وزن الجسم و الإنسولين و سي-ببتيد و مؤشرات الدم في الجرذان البيضاء البالغة المصابة بمرض الداء السكري

Author: Gamal El-Din Abdel-Hamid, Khaled Abd El-Sater, Ahmad S. S. Nour El-Deen, Adel Shalaby, and Basma K. Ramadan
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, business.industry, Insulin, medicine.medical_treatment, Internal medicine, Nigella sativa, Male rats, Medicine, business, Blood Indices, Body weight
Published: 2015
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33. Numerical Study of Mixing Flow Regimes Generated by Different Coaxial Jet Geometries

Author: I. Elbadawy, M. Eltelbany, and M. S. Nour-Eldin
Subjects: Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Physics, Premixed flame, Jet (fluid), symbols.namesake, Finite volume method, Turbulence, Mixing (process engineering), symbols, Reynolds number, Mass-averaged velocity, Mechanics, Coaxial
Abstract: A computational investigation of turbulent mixing of free two air-air coaxial jets with equal densities, annular to core area ratio of 3.5 and velocity ratio of 0.5 is carried out. The flow field is considered incompressible, steady, asymmetric and turbulent. The inner and outer Reynolds numbers, based on mass averaged velocity and equivalent diameters are 8 × 104 and 7.5 × 104. Mixing flow characteristics of two different non-circular coaxial jets are obtained and compared with traditional circular coaxial jet within a relatively short length of X/Di =30. Shape and thickness of the separating wall depend on the geometry of the two coaxial jet; to maintain the AR equal to 3.5. Mixing of free jets is effective in generating the turbulence that improves the combustion and premixed flame burners performance. The simulation is performed using a finite volume scheme and a two-equation (KــــƐ) turbulence model. Results show that velocity decay along the centerline for non-circular coaxial jet is lower than that of circular coaxial jet. Also, inner potential core of non-circular cases is greater than that of circular one. In addition, the reattachment point in case of non-circular coaxial jet is reached after that of circular coaxial jet.
Published: 2015
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34. Gene polymorphisms of Interleukin 1? and Metalloproteinase 3 in Hepatitis C Infected Patients and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients

Author: Nadia M, ElSheshtawy, Mona S, Nour, Zienab, Hefny, and Ahmed, Samir
Subjects: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Polymorphism, Genetic, Gene Frequency, Case-Control Studies, Interleukin-1beta, Liver Neoplasms, Humans, Egypt, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Matrix Metalloproteinase 3, Hepacivirus, Hepatitis C, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Abstract: Cytokines as IL 1? and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in tumor growth, invasion, and remote metastasis in various cancers. IL-1? ?31T/C polymorphism in the promoter region has been linked to an elevated risk of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MMP3 polymorphism at 1171 has also been linked to an elevated risk and a highly invasive type of HCC. Studying the association between IL-1? 31C/T gene polymorphism and MMP3 11715A/6A gene polymorphism in cases of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HCC. The study was done on 20 HCV infected patients, 20 HCC patients and 15 healthy controls. IL-1? 31 C/T and MMP3 1171 5A/6A gene polymorphisms was investigated using restriction fragment length polymorphism discrimination assay. Data revealed that the frequency of IL-1? C/T and MMP3 5A/6A polymorphisms was higher in patient groups (HCC and HCV) compared with healthy controls. A significant association was found between IL-1? C/T, MMP3 5A/6A polymorphism and HCC susceptibility. In conclusion, IL-1? C/T and MMP3 5A/6A polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of developing HCC in Egyptian patients.
Published: 2017

35. Percentage of CD3-CD56+dim and of CD3-CD56+dimCD69+ Natural Killer Cells in the Peripheral Blood of Women with In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Failure

Author: Safia H, Elabd, Mona S, Nour, Alaa S, Hassanin, Mohammed Se, Elsafty, Sherif F, Hendawy, Mounir M, Fawzy, and Mohammed M, Abd El Hameed
Subjects: Adult, Killer Cells, Natural, CD3 Complex, Pregnancy, Humans, Female, Fertilization in Vitro, Lymphocyte Count, Flow Cytometry, CD56 Antigen
Abstract: CD56dim cells, potent mediators of natural cytotoxicity, have direct contact with chorionic villi at the intervillous space. The manner the developing fetus evades NK cytotoxicity from these cells may determine the pregnancy outcome. CD69 is one of the earliest cell surface activation markers expressed by NK cells. In vitro models demonstrated that activated CD69+ NK cells are capable of lysing trophoblasts. This study aimed to investigate the relation between the percentage of these NK cells in peripheral blood and infertility. The study included two groups, each of 30 women, one with previous implantation failure and a fertile matching control group. CD3-CD56+dim and CD3-CD56+dimCD69+ NK were analyzed by flow cytometry. A higher percentage of CD3-CD56+dim and CD3-CD56+dimCD69+ in the study group than the control group was observed (P=0.0001 and P=0.003, respectively). Fair predictive values were evidenced by ROC curve analysis. We conclude that increase in CD56+dim NK and CD56+dim CD69+ NK cell percentages may be related to infertility problems.
Published: 2017

36. Effect the Technique of Light Trapping on the Performance of Simple Junction n-p Solar Cells Based on GaAs and Si

Author: S. Nour and A. Belghachi
Subjects: Light trapping, Radiation, Materials science, business.industry, Solar cell, GaAs, Trapping, Condensed Matter Physics, Optics, Simple (abstract algebra), Optoelectronics, General Materials Science, Si, business
Abstract: Light trapping enhances the absorption of active materials in photovoltaic cells. The use of light trapping results in a thinner active region in a solar cell, which lowers the production cost by reducing the amount of material used, and increases the energy conversion efficiency by facilitating carrier collection and enhancing the open circuit voltage. There are many light trapping techniques have been introduced in order to enhance absorption of the active layer in the thin film solar cell. Antireflective layers reduce reflection losses at interfaces, Light Trap: force the light to stay longer in the layer by changing the structure of interfaces. In the present work we proposed a technique based on closed-form analytical calculation to analyse the effect of light trapping on the performance of simple Si and GaAs np junction solar cells. Particular importance is paid to light reflection. A comparison is carried out between three types of cells, with antireflection coating, with texturing on the front of the cell, and with a lambertinne reflector. The conversion efficiency increased from 23.00 % in a cell with GaAs texturing on the front and a rear reflector (incoherent reflection) to 23.90 % and for Si it passes from 15.05 % to 16.00 %. GaAs solar cell exhibits a maximum efficiency around 28.68 % with a Lambertian reflector. An efficiency of 19.37 % is obtained with Si when a Lambertian reflector is inserted.
Published: 2017

37. Erratum: Measurement of prompt and nonprompt charmonium suppression in PbPb collisions at 5.02 TeV

Author: A. M. Sirunyan, A. Tumasyan, W. Adam, F. Ambrogi, E. Asilar, T. Bergauer, J. Brandstetter, E. Brondolin, M. Dragicevic, J. Erö, A. Escalante Del Valle, M. Flechl, M. Friedl, R. Frühwirth, V. M. Ghete, J. Grossmann, J. Hrubec, M. Jeitler, A. König, N. Krammer, I. Krätschmer, D. Liko, T. Madlener, I. Mikulec, E. Pree, N. Rad, H. Rohringer, J. Schieck, R. Schöfbeck, M. Spanring, D. Spitzbart, W. Waltenberger, J. Wittmann, C.-E. Wulz, M. Zarucki, V. Chekhovsky, V. Mossolov, J. Suarez Gonzalez, E. A. De Wolf, D. Di Croce, X. Janssen, J. Lauwers, M. Van De Klundert, H. Van Haevermaet, P. Van Mechelen, N. Van Remortel, S. Abu Zeid, F. Blekman, J. D’Hondt, I. De Bruyn, J. De Clercq, K. Deroover, G. Flouris, D. Lontkovskyi, S. Lowette, I. Marchesini, S. Moortgat, L. Moreels, Q. Python, K. Skovpen, S. Tavernier, W. Van Doninck, P. Van Mulders, I. Van Parijs, D. Beghin, B. Bilin, H. Brun, B. Clerbaux, G. De Lentdecker, H. Delannoy, B. Dorney, G. Fasanella, L. Favart, R. Goldouzian, A. Grebenyuk, A. K. Kalsi, T. Lenzi, J. Luetic, T. Maerschalk, A. Marinov, T. Seva, E. Starling, C. Vander Velde, P. Vanlaer, D. Vannerom, R. Yonamine, F. Zenoni, T. Cornelis, D. Dobur, A. Fagot, M. Gul, I. Khvastunov, D. Poyraz, C. Roskas, S. Salva, M. Tytgat, W. Verbeke, N. Zaganidis, H. Bakhshiansohi, O. Bondu, S. Brochet, G. Bruno, C. Caputo, A. Caudron, P. David, S. De Visscher, C. Delaere, M. Delcourt, B. Francois, A. Giammanco, M. Komm, G. Krintiras, V. Lemaitre, A. Magitteri, A. Mertens, M. Musich, K. Piotrzkowski, L. Quertenmont, A. Saggio, M. Vidal Marono, S. Wertz, J. Zobec, W. L. Aldá Júnior, F. L. Alves, G. A. Alves, L. Brito, M. Correa Martins Junior, C. Hensel, A. Moraes, M. E. Pol, P. Rebello Teles, E. Belchior Batista Das Chagas, W. Carvalho, J. Chinellato, E. Coelho, E. M. Da Costa, G. G. Da Silveira, D. De Jesus Damiao, S. Fonseca De Souza, L. M. Huertas Guativa, H. Malbouisson, M. Melo De Almeida, C. Mora Herrera, L. Mundim, H. Nogima, L. J. Sanchez Rosas, A. Santoro, A. Sznajder, M. Thiel, E. J. Tonelli Manganote, F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo, A. Vilela Pereira, S. Ahuja, C. A. Bernardes, T. R. Fernandez Perez Tomei, E. M. Gregores, P. G. Mercadante, S. F. Novaes, Sandra S. Padula, D. Romero Abad, J. C. Ruiz Vargas, A. Aleksandrov, R. Hadjiiska, P. Iaydjiev, M. Misheva, M. Rodozov, M. Shopova, G. Sultanov, A. Dimitrov, L. Litov, B. Pavlov, P. Petkov, W. Fang, X. Gao, L. Yuan, M. Ahmad, J. G. Bian, G. M. Chen, H. S. Chen, M. Chen, Y. Chen, C. H. Jiang, D. Leggat, H. Liao, Z. Liu, F. Romeo, S. M. Shaheen, A. Spiezia, J. Tao, C. Wang, Z. Wang, E. Yazgan, H. Zhang, S. Zhang, J. Zhao, Y. Ban, G. Chen, J. Li, Q. Li, S. Liu, Y. Mao, S. J. Qian, D. Wang, Z. Xu, F. Zhang, Y. Wang, C. Avila, A. Cabrera, C. A. Carrillo Montoya, L. F. Chaparro Sierra, C. Florez, C. F. González Hernández, J. D. Ruiz Alvarez, M. A. Segura Delgado, B. Courbon, N. Godinovic, D. Lelas, I. Puljak, P. M. Ribeiro Cipriano, T. Sculac, Z. Antunovic, M. Kovac, V. Brigljevic, D. Ferencek, K. Kadija, B. Mesic, A. Starodumov, T. Susa, M. W. Ather, A. Attikis, G. Mavromanolakis, J. Mousa, C. Nicolaou, F. Ptochos, P. A. Razis, H. Rykaczewski, M. Finger, E. Carrera Jarrin, M. A. Mahmoud, Y. Mohammed, E. Salama, R. K. Dewanjee, M. Kadastik, L. Perrini, M. Raidal, A. Tiko, C. Veelken, P. Eerola, H. Kirschenmann, J. Pekkanen, M. Voutilainen, J. Havukainen, J. K. Heikkilä, T. Järvinen, V. Karimäki, R. Kinnunen, T. Lampén, K. Lassila-Perini, S. Laurila, S. Lehti, T. Lindén, P. Luukka, H. Siikonen, E. Tuominen, J. Tuominiemi, T. Tuuva, M. Besancon, F. Couderc, M. Dejardin, D. Denegri, J. L. Faure, F. Ferri, S. Ganjour, S. Ghosh, P. Gras, G. Hamel de Monchenault, P. Jarry, I. Kucher, C. Leloup, E. Locci, M. Machet, J. Malcles, G. Negro, J. Rander, A. Rosowsky, M.Ö. Sahin, M. Titov, A. Abdulsalam, C. Amendola, I. Antropov, S. Baffioni, F. Beaudette, P. Busson, L. Cadamuro, C. Charlot, R. Granier de Cassagnac, M. Jo, S. Lisniak, A. Lobanov, J. Martin Blanco, M. Nguyen, C. Ochando, G. Ortona, P. Paganini, P. Pigard, R. Salerno, J. B. Sauvan, Y. Sirois, A. G. Stahl Leiton, T. Strebler, Y. Yilmaz, A. Zabi, A. Zghiche, J.-L. Agram, J. Andrea, D. Bloch, J.-M. Brom, M. Buttignol, E. C. Chabert, N. Chanon, C. Collard, E. Conte, X. Coubez, J.-C. Fontaine, D. Gelé, U. Goerlach, M. Jansová, A.-C. Le Bihan, N. Tonon, P. Van Hove, S. Gadrat, S. Beauceron, C. Bernet, G. Boudoul, R. Chierici, D. Contardo, P. Depasse, H. El Mamouni, J. Fay, L. Finco, S. Gascon, M. Gouzevitch, G. Grenier, B. Ille, F. Lagarde, I. B. Laktineh, M. Lethuillier, L. Mirabito, A. L. Pequegnot, S. Perries, A. Popov, V. Sordini, M. Vander Donckt, S. Viret, T. Toriashvili, Z. Tsamalaidze, C. Autermann, L. Feld, M. K. Kiesel, K. Klein, M. Lipinski, M. Preuten, C. Schomakers, J. Schulz, M. Teroerde, V. Zhukov, A. Albert, E. Dietz-Laursonn, D. Duchardt, M. Endres, M. Erdmann, S. Erdweg, T. Esch, R. Fischer, A. Güth, M. Hamer, T. Hebbeker, C. Heidemann, K. Hoepfner, S. Knutzen, M. Merschmeyer, A. Meyer, P. Millet, S. Mukherjee, T. Pook, M. Radziej, H. Reithler, M. Rieger, F. Scheuch, D. Teyssier, S. Thüer, G. Flügge, B. Kargoll, T. Kress, A. Künsken, T. Müller, A. Nehrkorn, A. Nowack, C. Pistone, O. Pooth, A. Stahl, M. Aldaya Martin, T. Arndt, C. Asawatangtrakuldee, K. Beernaert, O. Behnke, U. Behrens, A. Bermúdez Martínez, A. A. Bin Anuar, K. Borras, V. Botta, A. Campbell, P. Connor, C. Contreras-Campana, F. Costanza, C. Diez Pardos, G. Eckerlin, D. Eckstein, T. Eichhorn, E. Eren, E. Gallo, J. Garay Garcia, A. Geiser, J. M. Grados Luyando, A. Grohsjean, P. Gunnellini, M. Guthoff, A. Harb, J. Hauk, M. Hempel, H. Jung, M. Kasemann, J. Keaveney, C. Kleinwort, I. Korol, D. Krücker, W. Lange, A. Lelek, T. Lenz, J. Leonard, K. Lipka, W. Lohmann, R. Mankel, I.-A. Melzer-Pellmann, A. B. Meyer, G. Mittag, J. Mnich, A. Mussgiller, E. Ntomari, D. Pitzl, A. Raspereza, M. Savitskyi, P. Saxena, R. Shevchenko, N. Stefaniuk, G. P. Van Onsem, R. Walsh, Y. Wen, K. Wichmann, C. Wissing, O. Zenaiev, R. Aggleton, S. Bein, V. Blobel, M. Centis Vignali, T. Dreyer, E. Garutti, D. Gonzalez, J. Haller, A. Hinzmann, M. Hoffmann, A. Karavdina, R. Klanner, R. Kogler, N. Kovalchuk, S. Kurz, T. Lapsien, D. Marconi, M. Meyer, M. Niedziela, D. Nowatschin, F. Pantaleo, T. Peiffer, A. Perieanu, C. Scharf, P. Schleper, A. Schmidt, S. Schumann, J. Schwandt, J. Sonneveld, H. Stadie, G. Steinbrück, F. M. Stober, M. Stöver, H. Tholen, D. Troendle, E. Usai, A. Vanhoefer, B. Vormwald, M. Akbiyik, C. Barth, M. Baselga, S. Baur, E. Butz, R. Caspart, T. Chwalek, F. Colombo, W. De Boer, A. Dierlamm, N. Faltermann, B. Freund, R. Friese, M. Giffels, M. A. Harrendorf, F. Hartmann, S. M. Heindl, U. Husemann, F. Kassel, S. Kudella, H. Mildner, M. U. Mozer, Th. Müller, M. Plagge, G. Quast, K. Rabbertz, M. Schröder, I. Shvetsov, G. Sieber, H. J. Simonis, R. Ulrich, S. Wayand, M. Weber, T. Weiler, S. Williamson, C. Wöhrmann, R. Wolf, G. Anagnostou, G. Daskalakis, T. Geralis, A. Kyriakis, D. Loukas, I. 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Joshi, S. Linn, P. Markowitz, J. L. Rodriguez, A. Ackert, T. Adams, A. Askew, S. Hagopian, V. Hagopian, K. F. Johnson, T. Kolberg, G. Martinez, T. Perry, H. Prosper, A. Saha, A. Santra, R. Yohay, M. M. Baarmand, V. Bhopatkar, S. Colafranceschi, M. Hohlmann, D. Noonan, T. Roy, F. Yumiceva, M. R. Adams, L. Apanasevich, D. Berry, R. R. Betts, R. Cavanaugh, X. Chen, O. Evdokimov, C. E. Gerber, D. A. Hangal, D. J. Hofman, K. Jung, J. Kamin, I. D. Sandoval Gonzalez, M. B. Tonjes, H. Trauger, N. Varelas, H. Wang, Z. Wu, J. Zhang, B. Bilki, W. Clarida, K. Dilsiz, S. Durgut, R. P. Gandrajula, M. Haytmyradov, V. Khristenko, J.-P. Merlo, H. Mermerkaya, A. Mestvirishvili, A. Moeller, J. Nachtman, H. Ogul, Y. Onel, F. Ozok, A. Penzo, C. Snyder, E. Tiras, J. Wetzel, K. Yi, B. Blumenfeld, A. Cocoros, N. Eminizer, D. Fehling, L. Feng, A. V. Gritsan, P. Maksimovic, J. Roskes, U. Sarica, M. Swartz, M. Xiao, C. You, A. Al-bataineh, P. Baringer, A. Bean, S. Boren, J. Bowen, J. Castle, S. Khalil, A. Kropivnitskaya, D. Majumder, W. Mcbrayer, M. Murray, C. Royon, S. Sanders, E. Schmitz, J. D. Tapia Takaki, Q. Wang, A. Ivanov, K. Kaadze, Y. Maravin, A. Mohammadi, L. K. Saini, N. Skhirtladze, F. Rebassoo, D. Wright, C. Anelli, A. Baden, O. Baron, A. Belloni, S. C. Eno, Y. Feng, C. Ferraioli, N. J. Hadley, S. Jabeen, G. Y. Jeng, R. G. Kellogg, J. Kunkle, A. C. Mignerey, F. Ricci-Tam, Y. H. Shin, A. Skuja, S. C. Tonwar, D. Abercrombie, B. Allen, V. Azzolini, R. Barbieri, A. Baty, R. Bi, S. Brandt, W. Busza, I. A. Cali, M. D’Alfonso, Z. Demiragli, G. Gomez Ceballos, M. Goncharov, D. Hsu, M. Hu, Y. Iiyama, G. M. Innocenti, M. Klute, D. Kovalskyi, Y.-J. Lee, A. Levin, P. D. Luckey, B. Maier, A. C. Marini, C. Mcginn, C. Mironov, S. Narayanan, X. Niu, C. Paus, C. Roland, G. Roland, J. Salfeld-Nebgen, G. S. F. Stephans, K. Tatar, D. Velicanu, T. W. Wang, B. Wyslouch, A. C. Benvenuti, R. M. Chatterjee, A. Evans, P. Hansen, J. Hiltbrand, S. Kalafut, Y. Kubota, Z. Lesko, J. Mans, S. Nourbakhsh, N. Ruckstuhl, R. Rusack, J. Turkewitz, M. A. Wadud, J. G. Acosta, S. Oliveros, E. Avdeeva, K. Bloom, D. R. Claes, C. Fangmeier, F. Golf, R. Gonzalez Suarez, R. Kamalieddin, I. Kravchenko, J. Monroy, J. E. Siado, G. R. Snow, B. Stieger, J. Dolen, A. Godshalk, C. Harrington, I. Iashvili, D. Nguyen, A. Parker, S. Rappoccio, B. Roozbahani, G. Alverson, E. Barberis, C. Freer, A. Hortiangtham, A. Massironi, D. M. Morse, T. Orimoto, R. Teixeira De Lima, D. Trocino, T. Wamorkar, B. Wang, A. Wisecarver, D. Wood, O. Charaf, K. A. Hahn, N. Mucia, N. Odell, M. H. Schmitt, K. Sung, M. Trovato, M. Velasco, R. Bucci, N. Dev, M. Hildreth, K. Hurtado Anampa, C. Jessop, D. J. Karmgard, N. Kellams, K. Lannon, W. Li, N. Loukas, N. Marinelli, F. Meng, C. Mueller, Y. Musienko, M. Planer, A. Reinsvold, R. Ruchti, P. Siddireddy, G. Smith, S. Taroni, M. Wayne, A. Wightman, M. Wolf, A. Woodard, J. Alimena, L. Antonelli, B. Bylsma, L. S. Durkin, S. Flowers, B. Francis, A. Hart, C. Hill, W. Ji, B. Liu, W. Luo, B. L. Winer, H. W. Wulsin, S. Cooperstein, O. Driga, P. Elmer, J. Hardenbrook, P. Hebda, S. Higginbotham, A. Kalogeropoulos, D. Lange, J. Luo, D. Marlow, K. Mei, I. Ojalvo, J. Olsen, C. Palmer, P. Piroué, D. Stickland, C. Tully, S. Norberg, A. Barker, V. E. Barnes, S. Das, S. Folgueras, L. Gutay, M. K. Jha, M. Jones, A. W. Jung, A. Khatiwada, D. H. Miller, N. Neumeister, C. C. Peng, H. Qiu, J. F. Schulte, J. Sun, F. Wang, R. Xiao, W. Xie, T. Cheng, N. Parashar, J. Stupak, Z. Chen, K. M. Ecklund, S. Freed, F. J. M. Geurts, M. Guilbaud, M. Kilpatrick, B. Michlin, B. P. Padley, J. Roberts, J. Rorie, W. Shi, Z. Tu, J. Zabel, A. Zhang, A. Bodek, P. de Barbaro, R. Demina, Y. t. Duh, T. Ferbel, M. Galanti, A. Garcia-Bellido, J. Han, O. Hindrichs, A. Khukhunaishvili, K. H. Lo, P. Tan, M. Verzetti, R. Ciesielski, K. Goulianos, C. Mesropian, A. Agapitos, J. P. Chou, Y. Gershtein, T. A. Gómez Espinosa, E. Halkiadakis, M. Heindl, E. Hughes, S. Kaplan, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, S. Kyriacou, A. Lath, R. Montalvo, K. Nash, M. Osherson, H. Saka, S. Salur, S. Schnetzer, D. Sheffield, S. Somalwar, R. Stone, S. Thomas, P. Thomassen, M. Walker, A. G. Delannoy, J. Heideman, G. Riley, K. Rose, S. Spanier, K. Thapa, O. Bouhali, A. Castaneda Hernandez, A. Celik, M. Dalchenko, M. De Mattia, A. Delgado, S. Dildick, R. Eusebi, J. Gilmore, T. Huang, T. Kamon, R. Mueller, Y. Pakhotin, R. Patel, A. Perloff, L. Perniè, D. Rathjens, A. Safonov, A. Tatarinov, K. A. Ulmer, N. Akchurin, J. Damgov, F. De Guio, P. R. Dudero, J. Faulkner, E. Gurpinar, S. Kunori, K. Lamichhane, T. Libeiro, T. Mengke, S. Muthumuni, T. Peltola, S. Undleeb, I. Volobouev, S. Greene, A. Gurrola, R. Janjam, W. Johns, C. Maguire, A. Melo, H. Ni, K. Padeken, P. Sheldon, S. Tuo, J. Velkovska, Q. Xu, M. W. Arenton, P. Barria, B. Cox, R. Hirosky, M. Joyce, A. Ledovskoy, H. Li, C. Neu, T. Sinthuprasith, E. Wolfe, F. Xia, R. Harr, P. E. Karchin, N. Poudyal, J. Sturdy, P. Thapa, S. Zaleski, M. Brodski, J. Buchanan, C. Caillol, S. Dasu, L. Dodd, S. Duric, B. Gomber, M. Grothe, M. Herndon, A. Hervé, U. Hussain, P. Klabbers, A. Lanaro, A. Levine, K. Long, R. Loveless, T. Ruggles, A. Savin, N. Smith, W. H. Smith, D. Taylor, N. Woods, and CMS Collaboration
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Published: 2023
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38. A Study of the Intelligence of University Students in Egypt

Author: Amin S. Nour-Eddin, Ahmed M. Abdel-Khalek, and Richard Lynn
Subjects: Raven's Progressive Matrices, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Flynn effect, Anthropology, education, Mathematics education, Sample (statistics), Psychology, The arts
Abstract: Results are reported for intelligence assessed with the Standard Progressive Matrices of a sample of students at Ain- Shams University in Cairo ( N = 2147). The sample obtained a British IQ of 81. Men students obtained a higher average IQ than women students 0.87 IQ points. Science students obtained a higher mean score than arts students by 11.5 IQ points. Men students had greater variability than the women students..
Published: 2014
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39. New oxadiazoles with selective-COX-2 and EGFR dual inhibitory activity: Design, synthesis, cytotoxicity evaluation and in silico studies

Author: Reem K. Arafa, Nehad A. El-Sayed, Mai S. Nour, and M. Alaraby Salem
Subjects: Models, Molecular, Cell Survival, In silico, Antineoplastic Agents, 01 natural sciences, Structure-Activity Relationship, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Drug Discovery, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Humans, MTT assay, Cytotoxicity, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Cell Proliferation, 030304 developmental biology, ADME, Pharmacology, Oxadiazoles, 0303 health sciences, Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Molecular Structure, 010405 organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, General Medicine, Diclofenac Sodium, Small molecule, 0104 chemical sciences, ErbB Receptors, Biochemistry, chemistry, Cyclooxygenase 2, Drug Design, Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor, Lead compound, Tyrosine kinase
Abstract: Novel heterocyclic oxadiazoles viz. 2-subsituted-5-(4-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazoles, 2-subsituted-5-(3-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazoles and 2-subsituted-5-(phenyl or 4-chlorophenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles) were designed and synthesized as potential anticancer agents. In this investigation, all compounds were evaluated for their COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activity in vitro as new therapeutic approaches assumed cytotoxic effect associated with selective COX-2 inhibition. Results showed that most of the derivatives demonstrated inhibition towards both isoforms of COX comparable to the standard reference drugs indomethacin, diclofenac sodium and celecoxib. Then, nine selected compounds (IIId, VIb, VIIc, IX, XI, XIIa, XIVa, XVIb and XVIIIb) were subjected to cytotoxic screening against UO-31 renal cancer cell line using MTT assay. Compounds IIId, IX and XIIa displayed promising behavior by showing good anticancer activity. Moreover, kinase inhibitory assay against the tyrosine kinase EGFR was performed for the three compounds showing the highest cytotoxic activity. The tested compounds were potent against EGFR with the highest activity being observed for compound IX showing nearly double the potency of the reference drug Erlotinib. Moreover, molecular docking and molecular dynamics were performed for IIId, IX and XIIa against EGFR, in an attempt to elucidate a model for their binding at the molecular level, simulate and understand the possible binding interactions underlying the association between these small molecules and the kinase enzyme ATP binding pocket essential amino acids. Finally, in silico pharmacokinetic profile predication was investigated for IIId, IX and XIIIa using SWISS/ADME to identify the most promising small-molecule cytotoxic agent on the basis of displaying the best drug-like properties. Results indicated that compound IX has a potential to serve as a lead compound for developing novel anticancer therapeutic agents.
Published: 2019
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40. A low mass optical grid for the PROSPECT reactor antineutrino detector

Author: M. V. Diwan, J. J. Cherwinka, Hans P. Mumm, K. Gilje, D. Norcini, Michael Febbraro, B. Viren, J. T. Matta, D. E. Jaffe, K. M. Heeger, Y-R Yen, J. A. Nikkel, A. B. Hansell, K. H. Hermanek, X. Lu, T. J. Langford, D. Davee, J. Wilhelmi, D. C. Jones, J. Insler, A.E. Detweiler, J. Ashenfelter, Dmitry A. Pushin, A. J. Conant, A. B. Balantekin, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, O. Kyzylova, H. R. Band, E. Romero-Romero, C. D. Bass, B. T. Foust, M. J. Dolinski, Nathaniel Bowden, C.E. Gilbert, Minfang Yeh, P. E. Mueller, M. A. Tyra, D. J. Dean, C. E. Lane, R. Rosero, J. M. Minock, Xin Qian, Denis E. Bergeron, G. Deichert, R. L. Varner, R. D. McKeown, J. P. Brodsky, Chao Zhang, M. P. Mendenhall, S. Hans, R. Neilson, S. Nour, Anna Erickson, J. LaRosa, T. Wise, D. Berish, Y. Gebre, Jim Napolitano, Aiwu Zhang, A. Galindo-Uribarri, B. R. Littlejohn, P. T. Surukuchi, X. Zhang, B. Hackett, Dusan Sarenac, Ian Gustafson, Christopher G. White, T. Classen, J. K. Gaison, and C. D. Bryan
Subjects: Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Optics, business.industry, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), business, Low Mass, Grid, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract: PROSPECT, the Precision Reactor Oscillation and SPECTrum experiment, is a short-baseline reactor antineutrino experiment designed to provide precision measurements of the $^{235}$U product $\overline{\nu}_e$ spectrum of utilizing an optically segmented 4-ton liquid scintillator detector. PROSPECT's segmentation system, the optical grid, plays a central role in reconstructing the position and energy of $\overline{\nu}_e$ interactions in the detector. This paper is the technical reference for this PROSPECT subsystem, describing its design, fabrication, quality assurance, transportation and assembly in detail. In addition, the dimensional, optical and mechanical characterizations of optical grid components and the assembled PROSPECT target are also presented. The technical information and characterizations detailed here will inform geometry-related inputs for PROSPECT physics analysis, and can guide a variety of future particle detection development efforts, such as those using optically reflecting materials or filament-based 3D printing., Comment: 31 pages, 28 figures
Published: 2019
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41. Lithium-loaded liquid scintillator production for the PROSPECT experiment

Author: R. L. Varner, X. Lu, M. V. Diwan, P. E. Mueller, B. Hackett, J. LaRosa, R. Neilson, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, A. J. Conant, A. B. Hansell, D. Davee, Aiwu Zhang, Lindsey J. Bignell, J. T. Matta, X. Zhang, J. J. Cherwinka, B. T. Foust, D. E. Jaffe, A. Galindo-Uribarri, B. R. Littlejohn, P. T. Surukuchi, Y-R Yen, G. Deichert, J. A. Nikkel, Dmitry A. Pushin, J. Wilhelmi, C. Camilo Reyes, T. J. Langford, Christopher G. White, C. D. Bryan, T. Classen, J. Ashenfelter, H. R. Band, Michael Febbraro, S. Campos, B. Hayes, J. K. Gaison, B. Viren, Nathaniel Bowden, M. A. Tyra, Dusan Sarenac, R. Diaz Perez, Xin Qian, C.E. Gilbert, S. Nour, Anna Erickson, T. Wise, D. Berish, C. D. Bass, M. J. Dolinski, S. Hans, J. P. Brodsky, R. Rosero, Denis E. Bergeron, R. D. McKeown, E. Romero-Romero, Minfang Yeh, D. Norcini, Hans P. Mumm, D. J. Dean, K. M. Heeger, Jim Napolitano, D. C. Jones, J. Insler, A. B. Balantekin, O. Kyzylova, C. E. Lane, Chao Zhang, and M. P. Mendenhall
Subjects: Optical absorbance, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Materials science, Fabrication, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Analytical chemistry, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Scintillator, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Photon yield, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, chemistry, Yield (chemistry), 0103 physical sciences, Lithium, Instrumentation, Mass fraction, Mathematical Physics
Abstract: This work reports the production and characterization of lithium-loaded liquid scintillator (LiLS) for the Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment (PROSPECT). Fifty-nine 90 liter batches of LiLS (${}^6{\rm Li}$ mass fraction 0.082%$\pm$0.001%) were produced and samples from all batches were characterized by measuring their optical absorbance relative to air, light yield relative to a pure liquid scintillator reference, and pulse shape discrimination capability. Fifty-seven batches passed the quality assurance criteria and were used for the PROSPECT experiment., 16 pages, 15 figures
Published: 2019
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42. Erratum to: Searches for long-lived charged particles in pp collisions at s $$ \sqrt{\textrm{s}} $$ = 7 and 8 TeV

Author: The CMS collaboration, S. Chatrchyan, V. Khachatryan, A. M. Sirunyan, A. Tumasyan, W. Adam, T. Bergauer, M. Dragicevic, J. Erö, C. Fabjan, M. Friedl, R. Frühwirth, V. M. Ghete, N. Hörmann, J. Hrubec, M. Jeitler, W. Kiesenhofer, V. Knünz, M. Krammer, I. Krätschmer, D. Liko, I. Mikulec, D. Rabady, B. Rahbaran, C. Rohringer, H. Rohringer, R. Schöfbeck, J. Strauss, A. Taurok, W. Treberer-Treberspurg, W. Waltenberger, C.-E. Wulz, V. Mossolov, N. Shumeiko, J. Suarez Gonzalez, S. Alderweireldt, M. Bansal, S. Bansal, T. Cornelis, E. A. De Wolf, X. Janssen, A. Knutsson, S. Luyckx, L. Mucibello, S. Ochesanu, B. Roland, R. Rougny, H. Van Haevermaet, P. Van Mechelen, N. Van Remortel, A. Van Spilbeeck, F. Blekman, S. Blyweert, J. D’Hondt, A. Kalogeropoulos, J. Keaveney, M. Maes, A. Olbrechts, S. Tavernier, W. Van Doninck, P. Van Mulders, G. P. Van Onsem, I. Villella, B. Clerbaux, G. De Lentdecker, L. Favart, A. P. R. Gay, T. Hreus, A. Léonard, P. E. Marage, A. Mohammadi, L. Perniè, T. Reis, T. Seva, L. Thomas, C. Vander Velde, P. Vanlaer, J. Wang, V. Adler, K. Beernaert, L. Benucci, A. Cimmino, S. Costantini, S. Dildick, G. Garcia, B. Klein, J. Lellouch, A. Marinov, J. Mccartin, A. A. Ocampo Rios, D. Ryckbosch, M. Sigamani, N. Strobbe, F. Thyssen, M. Tytgat, S. Walsh, E. Yazgan, N. Zaganidis, S. Basegmez, C. Beluffi, G. Bruno, R. Castello, A. Caudron, L. Ceard, C. Delaere, T. du Pree, D. Favart, L. Forthomme, A. Giammanco, J. Hollar, P. Jez, V. Lemaitre, J. Liao, O. Militaru, C. Nuttens, D. Pagano, A. Pin, K. Piotrzkowski, A. Popov, M. Selvaggi, J. M. Vizan Garcia, N. Beliy, T. Caebergs, E. Daubie, G. H. Hammad, G. A. Alves, M. Correa Martins Junior, T. Martins, M. E. Pol, M. H. G. Souza, W. L. Aldá Júnior, W. Carvalho, J. Chinellato, A. Custódio, E. M. Da Costa, D. De Jesus Damiao, C. De Oliveira Martins, S. Fonseca De Souza, H. Malbouisson, M. Malek, D. Matos Figueiredo, L. Mundim, H. Nogima, W. L. Prado Da Silva, A. Santoro, A. Sznajder, E. J. Tonelli Manganote, A. Vilela Pereira, C. A. Bernardes, F. A. Dias, T. R. Fernandez Perez Tomei, E. M. Gregores, C. Lagana, F. Marinho, P. G. Mercadante, S. F. Novaes, Sandra S. Padula, V. Genchev, P. Iaydjiev, S. Piperov, M. Rodozov, G. Sultanov, M. Vutova, A. Dimitrov, R. Hadjiiska, V. Kozhuharov, L. Litov, B. Pavlov, P. Petkov, J. G. Bian, G. M. Chen, H. S. Chen, C. H. Jiang, D. Liang, S. Liang, X. Meng, J. Tao, X. Wang, Z. Wang, H. Xiao, M. Xu, C. Asawatangtrakuldee, Y. Ban, Y. Guo, W. Li, S. Liu, Y. Mao, S. J. Qian, H. Teng, D. Wang, L. Zhang, W. Zou, C. Avila, C. A. Carrillo Montoya, J. P. Gomez, B. Gomez Moreno, J. C. Sanabria, N. Godinovic, D. Lelas, R. Plestina, D. Polic, I. Puljak, Z. Antunovic, M. Kovac, V. Brigljevic, S. Duric, K. Kadija, J. Luetic, D. Mekterovic, S. Morovic, L. Tikvica, A. Attikis, G. Mavromanolakis, J. Mousa, C. Nicolaou, F. Ptochos, P. A. Razis, M. Finger, Y. Assran, A. Ellithi Kamel, M. A. Mahmoud, A. Mahrous, A. Radi, M. Kadastik, M. Müntel, M. Murumaa, M. Raidal, L. Rebane, A. Tiko, P. Eerola, G. Fedi, M. Voutilainen, J. Härkönen, V. Karimäki, R. Kinnunen, M. J. Kortelainen, T. Lampén, K. Lassila-Perini, S. Lehti, T. Lindén, P. Luukka, T. Mäenpää, T. Peltola, E. Tuominen, J. Tuominiemi, E. Tuovinen, L. Wendland, A. Korpela, T. Tuuva, M. Besancon, S. Choudhury, F. Couderc, M. Dejardin, D. Denegri, B. Fabbro, J. L. Faure, F. Ferri, S. Ganjour, A. Givernaud, P. Gras, G. Hamel de Monchenault, P. Jarry, E. Locci, J. Malcles, L. Millischer, A. Nayak, J. Rander, A. Rosowsky, M. Titov, S. Baffioni, F. Beaudette, L. Benhabib, L. Bianchini, M. Bluj, P. Busson, C. Charlot, N. Daci, T. Dahms, M. Dalchenko, L. Dobrzynski, A. Florent, R. Granier de Cassagnac, M. Haguenauer, P. Miné, C. Mironov, I. N. Naranjo, M. Nguyen, C. Ochando, P. Paganini, D. Sabes, R. Salerno, Y. Sirois, C. Veelken, A. Zabi, J.-L. Agram, J. Andrea, D. Bloch, D. Bodin, J.-M. Brom, E. C. Chabert, C. Collard, E. Conte, F. Drouhin, J.-C. Fontaine, D. Gelé, U. 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Kargoll, T. Kress, Y. Kuessel, J. Lingemann, A. Nowack, I. M. Nugent, L. Perchalla, O. Pooth, A. Stahl, M. Aldaya Martin, I. Asin, N. Bartosik, J. Behr, W. Behrenhoff, U. Behrens, M. Bergholz, A. Bethani, K. Borras, A. Burgmeier, A. Cakir, L. Calligaris, A. Campbell, F. Costanza, C. Diez Pardos, S. Dooling, T. Dorland, G. Eckerlin, D. Eckstein, G. Flucke, A. Geiser, I. Glushkov, P. Gunnellini, S. Habib, J. Hauk, G. Hellwig, H. Jung, M. Kasemann, P. Katsas, C. Kleinwort, H. Kluge, M. Krämer, D. Krücker, E. Kuznetsova, W. Lange, J. Leonard, K. Lipka, W. Lohmann, B. Lutz, R. Mankel, I. Marfin, I.-A. Melzer-Pellmann, A. B. Meyer, J. Mnich, A. Mussgiller, S. Naumann-Emme, O. Novgorodova, F. Nowak, J. Olzem, H. Perrey, A. Petrukhin, D. Pitzl, R. Placakyte, A. Raspereza, P. M. Ribeiro Cipriano, C. Riedl, E. Ron, M. Ö. Sahin, J. Salfeld-Nebgen, R. Schmidt, T. Schoerner-Sadenius, N. Sen, M. Stein, R. Walsh, C. Wissing, V. Blobel, H. Enderle, J. Erfle, U. Gebbert, M. Görner, M. Gosselink, J. 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Sulak, J. Alimena, G. Christopher, D. Cutts, Z. Demiragli, A. Ferapontov, A. Garabedian, U. Heintz, G. Kukartsev, E. Laird, G. Landsberg, M. Luk, M. Narain, M. Segala, T. Sinthuprasith, T. Speer, R. Breedon, G. Breto, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, S. Chauhan, M. Chertok, J. Conway, R. Conway, P. T. Cox, R. Erbacher, M. Gardner, R. Houtz, W. Ko, A. Kopecky, R. Lander, O. Mall, T. Miceli, R. Nelson, D. Pellett, F. Ricci-Tam, B. Rutherford, M. Searle, J. Smith, M. Squires, M. Tripathi, S. Wilbur, R. Yohay, D. Cline, R. Cousins, S. Erhan, P. Everaerts, C. Farrell, M. Felcini, J. Hauser, M. Ignatenko, C. Jarvis, G. Rakness, P. Schlein, E. Takasugi, P. Traczyk, V. Valuev, J. Babb, R. Clare, M. E. Dinardo, J. Ellison, J. W. Gary, G. Hanson, O. R. Long, A. Luthra, H. Nguyen, S. Paramesvaran, J. Sturdy, S. Sumowidagdo, R. Wilken, S. Wimpenny, W. Andrews, J. G. Branson, G. B. Cerati, S. Cittolin, D. Evans, A. Holzner, R. Kelley, M. Lebourgeois, J. Letts, I. Macneill, B. Mangano, S. Padhi, C. Palmer, G. Petrucciani, M. Pieri, M. Sani, S. Simon, E. Sudano, M. Tadel, Y. Tu, A. Vartak, S. Wasserbaech, F. Würthwein, A. Yagil, J. Yoo, D. Barge, R. Bellan, C. Campagnari, M. D’Alfonso, T. Danielson, K. Flowers, P. Geffert, C. George, F. Golf, J. Incandela, C. Justus, P. Kalavase, D. Kovalskyi, V. Krutelyov, S. Lowette, R. Magaña Villalba, N. Mccoll, V. Pavlunin, J. Ribnik, J. Richman, R. Rossin, D. Stuart, W. To, C. West, A. Apresyan, A. Bornheim, J. Bunn, Y. Chen, E. Di Marco, J. Duarte, D. Kcira, Y. Ma, A. Mott, H. B. Newman, C. Rogan, M. Spiropulu, V. Timciuc, J. Veverka, R. Wilkinson, S. Xie, Y. Yang, R. Y. Zhu, V. Azzolini, A. Calamba, R. Carroll, T. Ferguson, Y. Iiyama, D. W. Jang, Y. F. Liu, M. Paulini, J. Russ, H. Vogel, I. Vorobiev, J. P. Cumalat, B. R. Drell, W. T. Ford, A. Gaz, E. Luiggi Lopez, U. Nauenberg, J. G. Smith, K. Stenson, K. A. Ulmer, S. R. Wagner, J. Alexander, A. Chatterjee, N. Eggert, L. K. Gibbons, W. Hopkins, A. Khukhunaishvili, B. Kreis, N. Mirman, G. Nicolas Kaufman, J. R. Patterson, A. Ryd, E. Salvati, W. Sun, W. D. Teo, J. Thom, J. Thompson, J. Tucker, Y. Weng, L. Winstrom, P. Wittich, D. Winn, S. Abdullin, M. Albrow, J. Anderson, G. Apollinari, L. A. T. Bauerdick, A. Beretvas, J. Berryhill, P. C. Bhat, K. Burkett, J. N. Butler, V. Chetluru, H. W. K. Cheung, F. Chlebana, S. Cihangir, V. D. Elvira, I. Fisk, J. Freeman, Y. Gao, E. Gottschalk, L. Gray, D. Green, O. Gutsche, D. Hare, R. M. Harris, J. Hirschauer, B. Hooberman, S. Jindariani, M. Johnson, U. Joshi, B. Klima, S. Kunori, S. Kwan, C. Leonidopoulos, J. Linacre, D. Lincoln, R. Lipton, J. Lykken, K. Maeshima, J. M. Marraffino, V. I. Martinez Outschoorn, S. Maruyama, D. Mason, P. McBride, K. Mishra, S. Mrenna, Y. Musienko, C. Newman-Holmes, V. O’Dell, O. Prokofyev, N. Ratnikova, E. Sexton-Kennedy, S. Sharma, W. J. Spalding, L. Spiegel, L. Taylor, S. Tkaczyk, N. V. Tran, L. Uplegger, E. W. Vaandering, R. Vidal, J. Whitmore, W. Wu, F. Yang, J. C. Yun, D. Acosta, P. Avery, D. Bourilkov, M. Chen, T. Cheng, S. Das, M. De Gruttola, G. P. Di Giovanni, D. Dobur, A. Drozdetskiy, R. D. Field, M. Fisher, Y. Fu, I. K. Furic, J. Hugon, B. Kim, J. Konigsberg, A. Korytov, A. Kropivnitskaya, T. Kypreos, J. F. Low, K. Matchev, P. Milenovic, G. Mitselmakher, L. Muniz, R. Remington, A. Rinkevicius, N. Skhirtladze, M. Snowball, J. Yelton, M. Zakaria, V. Gaultney, S. Hewamanage, L. M. Lebolo, S. Linn, P. Markowitz, G. Martinez, J. L. Rodriguez, T. Adams, A. Askew, J. Bochenek, J. Chen, B. Diamond, S. V. Gleyzer, J. Haas, S. Hagopian, V. Hagopian, K. F. Johnson, H. Prosper, V. Veeraraghavan, M. Weinberg, M. M. Baarmand, B. Dorney, M. Hohlmann, H. Kalakhety, F. Yumiceva, M. R. Adams, L. Apanasevich, V. E. Bazterra, R. R. Betts, I. Bucinskaite, J. Callner, R. Cavanaugh, O. Evdokimov, L. Gauthier, C. E. Gerber, D. J. Hofman, S. Khalatyan, P. Kurt, F. Lacroix, D. H. Moon, C. O’Brien, C. Silkworth, D. Strom, P. Turner, N. Varelas, U. Akgun, E. A. Albayrak, B. Bilki, W. Clarida, K. Dilsiz, F. Duru, S. Griffiths, J.-P. Merlo, H. Mermerkaya, A. Mestvirishvili, A. Moeller, J. Nachtman, C. R. Newsom, H. Ogul, Y. Onel, F. Ozok, S. Sen, P. Tan, E. Tiras, J. Wetzel, T. Yetkin, K. Yi, B. A. Barnett, B. Blumenfeld, S. Bolognesi, D. Fehling, G. Giurgiu, A. V. Gritsan, Z. J. Guo, G. Hu, P. Maksimovic, M. Swartz, A. Whitbeck, P. Baringer, A. Bean, G. Benelli, R. P. Kenny, M. Murray, D. Noonan, S. Sanders, R. Stringer, J. S. Wood, A. F. Barfuss, I. Chakaberia, A. Ivanov, S. Khalil, M. Makouski, Y. Maravin, S. Shrestha, I. Svintradze, J. Gronberg, D. Lange, F. Rebassoo, D. Wright, A. Baden, B. Calvert, S. C. Eno, J. A. Gomez, N. J. Hadley, R. G. Kellogg, T. Kolberg, Y. Lu, M. Marionneau, A. C. Mignerey, K. Pedro, A. Peterman, A. Skuja, J. Temple, M. B. Tonjes, S. C. Tonwar, A. Apyan, G. Bauer, W. Busza, E. Butz, I. A. Cali, M. Chan, V. Dutta, G. Gomez Ceballos, M. Goncharov, Y. Kim, M. Klute, Y. S. Lai, A. Levin, P. D. Luckey, T. Ma, S. Nahn, C. Paus, D. Ralph, C. Roland, G. Roland, G. S. F. Stephans, F. Stöckli, K. Sumorok, K. Sung, D. Velicanu, R. Wolf, B. Wyslouch, M. Yang, Y. Yilmaz, A. S. Yoon, M. Zanetti, V. Zhukova, B. Dahmes, A. De Benedetti, G. Franzoni, A. Gude, J. Haupt, S. C. Kao, K. Klapoetke, Y. Kubota, J. Mans, N. Pastika, R. Rusack, M. Sasseville, A. Singovsky, N. Tambe, J. Turkewitz, L. M. Cremaldi, R. Kroeger, L. Perera, R. Rahmat, D. A. Sanders, D. Summers, E. Avdeeva, K. Bloom, S. Bose, D. R. Claes, A. Dominguez, M. Eads, R. Gonzalez Suarez, J. Keller, I. Kravchenko, J. Lazo-Flores, S. Malik, F. Meier, G. R. Snow, J. Dolen, A. Godshalk, I. Iashvili, S. Jain, A. Kharchilava, A. Kumar, S. Rappoccio, Z. Wan, G. Alverson, E. Barberis, D. Baumgartel, M. Chasco, J. Haley, A. Massironi, D. Nash, T. Orimoto, D. Trocino, D. Wood, J. Zhang, A. Anastassov, K. A. Hahn, A. Kubik, L. Lusito, N. Mucia, N. Odell, B. Pollack, A. Pozdnyakov, M. Schmitt, S. Stoynev, M. Velasco, S. Won, D. Berry, A. Brinkerhoff, K. M. Chan, M. Hildreth, C. Jessop, D. J. Karmgard, J. Kolb, K. Lannon, W. Luo, S. Lynch, N. Marinelli, D. M. Morse, T. Pearson, M. Planer, R. Ruchti, J. Slaunwhite, N. Valls, M. Wayne, M. Wolf, L. Antonelli, B. Bylsma, L. S. Durkin, C. Hill, R. Hughes, K. Kotov, T. Y. Ling, D. Puigh, M. Rodenburg, G. Smith, C. Vuosalo, G. Williams, B. L. Winer, H. Wolfe, E. Berry, P. Elmer, V. Halyo, P. Hebda, J. Hegeman, A. Hunt, P. Jindal, S. A. Koay, D. Lopes Pegna, P. Lujan, D. Marlow, T. Medvedeva, M. Mooney, J. Olsen, P. Piroué, X. Quan, A. Raval, H. Saka, D. Stickland, C. Tully, J. S. Werner, S. C. Zenz, A. Zuranski, E. Brownson, A. Lopez, H. Mendez, J. E. Ramirez Vargas, E. Alagoz, D. Benedetti, G. Bolla, D. Bortoletto, M. De Mattia, A. Everett, Z. Hu, M. Jones, K. Jung, O. Koybasi, M. Kress, N. Leonardo, V. Maroussov, P. Merkel, D. H. Miller, N. Neumeister, I. Shipsey, D. Silvers, A. Svyatkovskiy, M. Vidal Marono, F. Wang, L. Xu, H. D. Yoo, J. Zablocki, Y. Zheng, S. Guragain, N. Parashar, A. Adair, B. Akgun, K. M. Ecklund, F. J. M. Geurts, B. P. Padley, R. Redjimi, J. Roberts, J. Zabel, B. Betchart, A. Bodek, R. Covarelli, P. de Barbaro, R. Demina, Y. Eshaq, T. Ferbel, A. Garcia-Bellido, P. Goldenzweig, J. Han, A. Harel, D. C. Miner, G. Petrillo, D. Vishnevskiy, M. Zielinski, A. Bhatti, R. Ciesielski, L. Demortier, K. Goulianos, G. Lungu, C. Mesropian, S. Arora, A. Barker, J. P. Chou, C. Contreras-Campana, E. Contreras-Campana, D. Duggan, D. Ferencek, Y. Gershtein, R. Gray, E. Halkiadakis, D. Hidas, A. Lath, S. Panwalkar, M. Park, R. Patel, V. Rekovic, J. Robles, K. Rose, S. Salur, S. Schnetzer, C. Seitz, S. Somalwar, R. Stone, S. Thomas, M. Walker, G. Cerizza, M. Hollingsworth, S. Spanier, Z. C. Yang, A. York, R. Eusebi, W. Flanagan, J. Gilmore, T. Kamon, V. Khotilovich, R. Montalvo, I. Osipenkov, Y. Pakhotin, A. Perloff, J. Roe, A. Safonov, T. Sakuma, I. Suarez, A. Tatarinov, D. Toback, N. Akchurin, J. Damgov, C. Dragoiu, P. R. Dudero, C. Jeong, K. Kovitanggoon, S. W. Lee, T. Libeiro, I. Volobouev, E. Appelt, A. G. Delannoy, S. Greene, A. Gurrola, W. Johns, C. Maguire, A. Melo, M. Sharma, P. Sheldon, B. Snook, S. Tuo, J. Velkovska, M. W. Arenton, S. Boutle, B. Cox, B. Francis, J. Goodell, R. Hirosky, A. Ledovskoy, C. Lin, C. Neu, J. Wood, S. Gollapinni, R. Harr, P. E. Karchin, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge Don, P. Lamichhane, A. Sakharov, M. Anderson, D. A. Belknap, L. Borrello, D. Carlsmith, M. Cepeda, S. Dasu, E. Friis, K. S. Grogg, M. Grothe, R. Hall-Wilton, M. Herndon, A. Hervé, K. Kaadze, P. Klabbers, J. Klukas, A. Lanaro, C. Lazaridis, R. Loveless, A. Mohapatra, M. U. Mozer, I. Ojalvo, G. A. Pierro, I. Ross, A. Savin, W. H. Smith, and J. Swanson
Subjects: Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Published: 2022
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43. Postpartum Minor Health Problems Encountered among Women and Neonates Undergoing Cesarean Section at Women’s Health Center - Assiut University Hospital

Author: S. Abd Elrady, S Nour Eldein, A. Masoud, M. Khames, and Mohamed E.
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Vaginal delivery, Obstetrics, Incidence (epidemiology), Maternal morbidity, Minor (academic), University hospital, Health problems, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Medicine, Major complication, business, Prospective cohort study, General Environmental Science
Abstract: Minor complications are more common than major complications when having a Cesarean Section (C.S) may affect either the mother or the infant. Maternal morbidity following C.S is estimated to be eight times greater than that following vaginal delivery. objective: to identify postnatal health problems experienced by women delivered by C.S. Methods: A prospective study design was adopted in this study to achieve the stated aim, a purposive sample of all puerperal women (n=330) puerperal women and their newborns’ who had C.S delivery in the postpartum wards of Obstetrics Department, Women's Health Center, Assiut University Hospital, Egypt. The Women's Health Center .Results: minor problems were reported by 88.8% of the puerperal women. (during 1st visit) and 74.2% during 2nd visit. Conclusion: the overall incidence of minor health problems following C.S is occurred among the majority of women (89.0%).
Published: 2013
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44. Novel heterocyclic-fused pyrimidine derivatives: Synthesis, molecular modeling and pharmacological screening

Author: Reem K. Arafa, Nehad A. El-Sayed, and Mai S. Nour
Subjects: Models, Molecular, Molecular model, Pyrimidine, Stereochemistry, Antineoplastic Agents, Receptor tyrosine kinase, Structure-Activity Relationship, chemistry.chemical_compound, Breast cancer cell line, Heterocyclic Compounds, Drug Discovery, Humans, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Cell Proliferation, Pharmacology, chemistry.chemical_classification, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Molecular Structure, biology, Kinase, Organic Chemistry, General Medicine, Combinatorial chemistry, Small molecule, Amino acid, Pyrimidines, Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, src-Family Kinases, Enzyme, chemistry, Drug Design, MCF-7 Cells, biology.protein, Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
Abstract: Novel heterocyclic-fused pyrimidines viz pyrrolo[1,2-c]pyrimidines 4–8, pyrimido[5,4-e]pyrrolo[1,2-c]pyrimidines 9–14, pyrimido[4′,5′:4,5]pyrimido[1,6-a]azepines 16–18, pyrrolo[1′,2′:1,6]pyrimido[4,5-d][1,3]thiazines 19a,b and 1,3-thiazino[4′,5′:4,5]pyrimido[1,6-a]-azepine 19c were designed and synthesized as potential anticancer agents. In this investigation all the newly synthesized compounds were subjected to cytotoxic screening against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Moreover, kinase inhibitory assay was done for compounds 5, 7, 9 and 18 against the non-receptor and receptor tyrosine kinases c-Src and VEGFR, respectively. The tested compounds were more potent against c-Src than VEGFR, and the highest activity was observed for 18 showing 81% c-Src activity inhibition. Finally, molecular docking was performed with c-Src and VEGFR in an attempt to simulate and understand the possible binding interactions underlying the association between these small molecules and the kinase enzyme ATP binding pocket essential amino acids.
Published: 2013
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45. Experimental research on the TCV tokamak

Author: B.P. Duval, A. Abdolmaleki, M. Agostini, C.J. Ajay, S. Alberti, E. Alessi, G. Anastasiou, Y. Andrèbe, G.M. Apruzzese, F. Auriemma, J. Ayllon-Guerola, F. Bagnato, A. Baillod, F. Bairaktaris, L. Balbinot, A. Balestri, M. Baquero-Ruiz, C. Barcellona, M. Bernert, W. Bin, P. Blanchard, J. Boedo, T. Bolzonella, F. Bombarda, L. Boncagni, M. Bonotto, T.O.S.J. Bosman, D. Brida, D. Brunetti, J. Buchli, J. Buerman, P. Buratti, A. Burckhart, D. Busil, J. Caloud, Y. Camenen, A. Cardinali, S. Carli, D. Carnevale, F. Carpanese, M. Carpita, C. Castaldo, F. Causa, J. Cavalier, M. Cavedon, J.A. Cazabonne, J. Cerovsky, B. Chapman, M. Chernyshova, P. Chmielewski, A. Chomiczewska, G. Ciraolo, S. Coda, C. Colandrea, C. Contré, R. Coosemans, L. Cordaro, S. Costea, T. Craciunescu, K. Crombe, A. Dal Molin, O. D’Arcangelo, D. de Las Casas, J. Decker, J. Degrave, H. de Oliveira, G.L. Derks, L.E. di Grazia, C. Donner, M. Dreval, M.G. Dunne, G. Durr-Legoupil-Nicoud, B. Esposito, T. Ewalds, M. Faitsch, M. Farník, A. Fasoli, F. Felici, J. Ferreira, O. Février, O. Ficker, A. Frank, E. Fransson, L. Frassinetti, L. Fritz, I. Furno, D. Galassi, K. Gałązka, J. Galdon-Quiroga, S. Galeani, C. Galperti, S. Garavaglia, M. Garcia-Munoz, P. Gaudio, M. Gelfusa, J. Genoud, R. Gerrú Miguelanez, G. Ghillardi, M. Giacomin, L. Gil, A. Gillgren, C. Giroud, T. Golfinopoulos, T. Goodman, G. Gorini, S. Gorno, G. Grenfell, M. Griener, M. Gruca, T. Gyergyek, R. Hafner, M. Hamed, D. Hamm, W. Han, G. Harrer, J.R. Harrison, D. Hassabis, S. Henderson, P. Hennequin, J. Hidalgo-Salaverri, J-P. Hogge, M. Hoppe, J. Horacek, A. Huber, E. Huett, A. Iantchenko, P. Innocente, C. Ionita-Schrittwieser, I. Ivanova Stanik, M. Jablczynska, A. Jansen van Vuuren, A. Jardin, H. Järleblad, A.E. Järvinen, J. Kalis, R. Karimov, A.N. Karpushov, K. Kavukcuoglu, J. Kay, Y. Kazakov, J. Keeling, A. Kirjasuo, J.T.W. Koenders, P. Kohli, M. Komm, M. Kong, J. Kovacic, E. Kowalska-Strzeciwilk, O. Krutkin, O. Kudlacek, U. Kumar, R. Kwiatkowski, B. Labit, L. Laguardia, E. Laszynska, A. Lazaros, K. Lee, E. Lerche, B. Linehan, D. Liuzza, T. Lunt, E. Macusova, D. Mancini, P. Mantica, M. Maraschek, G. Marceca, S. Marchioni, A. Mariani, M. Marin, A. Marinoni, L. Martellucci, Y. Martin, P. Martin, L. Martinelli, F. Martinelli, J.R. Martin-Solis, S. Masillo, R. Masocco, V. Masson, A. Mathews, M. Mattei, D. Mazon, S. Mazzi, S.Y. Medvedev, C. Meineri, A. Mele, V. Menkovski, A. Merle, H. Meyer, K. Mikszuta-Michalik, I.G. Miron, P.A. Molina Cabrera, A. Moro, A. Murari, P. Muscente, D. Mykytchuk, F. Nabais, F. Napoli, R.D. Nem, M. Neunert, S.K. Nielsen, A. Nielsen, M. Nocente, S. Noury, S. Nowak, H. Nyström, N. Offeddu, S. Olasz, F. Oliva, D.S. Oliveira, F.P. Orsitto, N. Osborne, P. Oyola Dominguez, O. Pan, E. Panontin, A.D. Papadopoulos, P. Papagiannis, G. Papp, M. Passoni, F. Pastore, A. Pau, R.O. Pavlichenko, A.C. Pedersen, M. Pedrini, G. Pelka, E. Peluso, A. Perek, C. Perez Von Thun, F. Pesamosca, D. Pfau, V. Piergotti, L. Pigatto, C. Piron, L. Piron, A. Pironti, U. Plank, V. Plyusnin, Y.R.J. Poels, G.I. Pokol, J. Poley-Sanjuan, M. Poradzinski, L. Porte, C. Possieri, A. Poulsen, M.J. Pueschel, T. Pütterich, V. Quadri, M. Rabinski, R. Ragona, H. Raj, A. Redl, H. Reimerdes, C. Reux, D. Ricci, M. Riedmiller, S. Rienäcker, D. Rigamonti, N. Rispoli, J.F. Rivero-Rodriguez, C.F. Romero Madrid, J. Rueda Rueda, P.J. Ryan, M. Salewski, A. Salmi, M. Sassano, O. Sauter, N. Schoonheere, R.W. Schrittwieser, F. Sciortino, A. Selce, L. Senni, S. Sharapov, U.A. Sheikh, B. Sieglin, M. Silva, D. Silvagni, B. Simmendefeldt Schmidt, L. Simons, E.R. Solano, C. Sozzi, M. Spolaore, L. Spolladore, A. Stagni, P. Strand, G. Sun, W. Suttrop, J. Svoboda, B. Tal, T. Tala, P. Tamain, M. Tardocchi, A. Tema Biwole, A. Tenaglia, D. Terranova, D. Testa, C. Theiler, A. Thornton, A.S. Thrysoe, M. Tomes, E. Tonello, H. Torreblanca, B. Tracey, M. Tsimpoukelli, C. Tsironis, C.K. Tsui, M. Ugoletti, M. Vallar, M. van Berkel, S. van Mulders, M. van Rossem, C. Venturini, M. Veranda, T. Verdier, K. Verhaegh, L. Vermare, N. Vianello, E. Viezzer, F. Villone, B. Vincent, P. Vincenzi, I. Voitsekhovitch, L. Votta, N.M.T. Vu, Y. Wang, E. Wang, T. Wauters, M. Weiland, H. Weisen, N. Wendler, S. Wiesen, M. Wiesenberger, T. Wijkamp, C. Wüthrich, D. Yadykin, H. Yang, V. Yanovskiy, J. Zebrowski, P. Zestanakis, M. Zuin, and M. Zurita
Subjects: TCV, review, plasma, SPC, EPFL, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Tokamak à configuration variable (TCV), recently celebrating 30 years of near-continual operation, continues in its missions to advance outstanding key physics and operational scenario issues for ITER and the design of future power plants such as DEMO. The main machine heating systems and operational changes are first described. Then follow five sections: plasma scenarios. ITER Base-Line (IBL) discharges, triangularity studies together with X3 heating and N2 seeding. Edge localised mode suppression, with a high radiation region near the X-point is reported with N _2 injection with and without divertor baffles in a snowflake configuration. Negative triangularity (NT) discharges attained record, albeit transient, β _N ∼ 3 with lower turbulence, higher low-Z impurity transport, vertical stability and density limits and core transport better than the IBL. Positive triangularity L-Mode linear and saturated ohmic confinement confinement saturation, often-correlated with intrinsic toroidal rotation reversals, was probed for D, H and He working gases. H-mode confinement and pedestal studies were extended to low collisionality with electron cyclotron heating obtaining steady state electron iternal transport barrier with neutral beam heating (NBH), and NBH driven H-mode configurations with off-axis co-electron cyclotron current drive. Fast particle physics. The physics of disruptions, runaway electrons and fast ions (FIs) was developed using near-full current conversion at disruption with recombination thresholds characterised for impurity species (Ne, Ar, Kr). Different flushing gases (D2, H2) and pathways to trigger a benign disruption were explored. The 55 kV NBH II generated a rich Alfvénic spectrum modulating the FI fas ion loss detector signal. NT configurations showed less toroidal Alfvén excitation activity preferentially affecting higher FI pitch angles. Scrape-off layer and edge physics. gas puff imaging systems characterised turbulent plasma ejection for several advanced divertor configurations, including NT. Combined diagnostic array divertor state analysis in detachment conditions was compared to modelling revealing an importance for molecular processes. Divertor physics. Internal gas baffles diversified to include shorter/longer structures on the high and/or low field side to probe compressive efficiency. Divertor studies concentrated upon mitigating target power, facilitating detachment and increasing the radiated power fraction employing alternative divertor geometries, optimised X-point radiator regimes and long-legged configurations. Smaller-than-expected improvements with total flux expansion were better modelled when including parallel flows. Peak outer target heat flux reduction was achieved (>50%) for high flux-expansion geometries, maintaining core performance ( H _98 > 1). A reduction in target heat loads and facilitated detachment access at lower core densities is reported. Real-time control. TCV’s real-time control upgrades employed MIMO gas injector control of stable, robust, partial detachment and plasma β feedback control avoiding neoclassical tearing modes with plasma confinement changes. Machine-learning enhancements include trajectory tracking disruption proximity and avoidance as well as a first-of-its-kind reinforcement learning-based controller for the plasma equilibrium trained entirely on a free-boundary simulator. Finally, a short description of TCV’s immediate future plans will be given.
Published: 2024
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46. EMERGENCY RADIOBIOASSAY PREPAREDNESS EXERCISES THROUGH THE NIST RADIOCHEMISTRY INTERCOMPARISON PROGRAM

Author: S. Nour, Jerry LaRosa, and Kenneth G. W. Inn
Subjects: Engineering, Radiochemistry, Technology Assessment, Biomedical, Time Factors, Radiobioassay, Traceability, Epidemiology, business.industry, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Reference Standards, Sensitivity and Specificity, United States, Engineering management, Radiation Monitoring, Preparedness, Emergency Medicine, Humans, NIST, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, business, Societies, Medical
Abstract: The present challenge for the international emergency radiobioassay community is to analyze contaminated samples rapidly while maintaining high quality results. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) runs a radiobioassay measurement traceability testing program to evaluate the radioanalytical capabilities of participating laboratories. The NIST Radiochemistry Intercomparison Program (NRIP) started more than 10 years ago, and emergency performance testing was added to the program seven years ago. Radiobioassay turnaround times under the NRIP program for routine production and under emergency response scenarios are 60 d and 8 h, respectively. Because measurement accuracy and sample turnaround time are very critical in a radiological emergency, response laboratories' analytical systems are best evaluated and improved through traceable Performance Testing (PT) programs. The NRIP provides participant laboratories with metrology tools to evaluate their performance and to improve it. The program motivates the laboratories to optimize their methodologies and minimize the turnaround time of their results. Likewise, NIST has to make adjustments and periodical changes in the bioassay test samples in order to challenge the participating laboratories continually. With practice, radioanalytical measurements turnaround time can be reduced to 3-4 h.
Published: 2011
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47. A new primary standardization of 229Th

Author: S. Nour, Ronald Colle, Michelle M. Hammond, Ryan P. Fitzgerald, Brian E. Zimmerman, L. Pibida, and Lizbeth Laureano-Perez
Subjects: Radiation, Standardization, Gamma Rays, Chemistry, Nuclear engineering, Primary standard, Thorium, Analytical chemistry, NIST, Decay chain, Reference Standards, Equilibrium solution, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has certified a high-purity (229)Th Standard Reference Material as SRM 4328C, based on live-timed 4pialphabeta-gamma anticoincidence counting (LTAC) of the equilibrium solution. The LTAC system was optimized to minimize the uncertainty in the result due to the two short-lived ground-states present in the decay chain. Confirmatory measurements were carried out by four other methods. Furthermore, the present absolute activity and measured gamma-ray emission rates were combined to obtain gamma-ray emission probabilities.
Published: 2010
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48. Ultra-low level plutonium isotopes in the NIST SRM 4355A (Peruvian Soil-1)

Author: Matthew Douglas, Stephan Vogt, Steven L. Petersen, Donna Beals, G. Brooks, James R. Cadieux, J. LaRosa, Brad D. Patton, Kenneth G. W. Inn, Debra A. Bostick, S. Nour, Ross W. Williams, R. E. Steiner, Steve LaMont, Gregory C. Eiden, Greg Hall, and Steve Goldberg
Subjects: Radiation, Waste management, chemistry.chemical_element, Reference Standards, Thermal ionization mass spectrometry, Contamination, Blank, Mass Spectrometry, Plutonium, chemistry, Environmental chemistry, Peru, Soil water, Calibration, Soil Pollutants, Radioactive, NIST, Plutonium-239
Abstract: For more than 20 years, countries and their agencies which monitor discharge sites and storage facilities have relied on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Standard Reference Material (SRM) 4355 Peruvian Soil reference material. Its low fallout contamination makes it an ideal soil blank for measurements associated with terrestrial pathway to man studies. Presently, SRM 4355 is out of stock, and a new batch of the Peruvian soil is currently under development as future NIST SRM 4355A. Both environmental radioanalytical laboratories and mass spectrometry communities will benefit from this SRM. The former must assess their laboratory contamination and measurement detection limits by measurement of blank sample material. The Peruvian Soil is so low in anthropogenic radionuclides that it is a suitable virtual blank. On the other hand, mass spectrometric laboratories have high sensitivity instruments that are capable of quantitative isotopic measurements at low plutonium levels of the SRM 4355 (first Peruvian Soil SRM) that provided the mass spectrometric community with the calibration, quality control, and testing material needed for methods development, and legal defensibility. The quantification of the ultra-low plutonium content in the SRM 4355A was a considerable challenge for the mass spectrometric laboratories. Careful blank control andmore » correction, isobaric interferences, instrument stability, peak assessment, and detection assessment were necessary. Furthermore, a systematic statistical evaluation of the measurement results and considerable discussions with the mass spectroscopy metrologists were needed to derive the certified values and uncertainties. SRM 4355A will provide the mass spectrometric community with the quality control and testing material needed for higher sensitivity methods development, and legal defensibility.« less
Published: 2009
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49. An intercomparison of Monte Carlo codes used in gamma-ray spectrometry

Author: S. Nour, M. P. R. Montero, Mauricio Moralles, T. Vidmar, Santiago Hurtado, D. Budjáš, Matthias Laubenstein, R. Plenteda, M. Mille, Marco Capogni, Joël Gasparro, Mauro S. Dias, R. Brettner-Messler, Mikael Hult, Y. K. Lee, M.J. Anagnostakis, Octavian Sima, Aldo Fazio, Marie-Christine Lépy, V. Peyres, Dirk Arnold, M. J. Vargas, Gaj Vidmar, K.B. Lee, C. Tomei, I. Aubineau-Laniece, F.J. Maringer, and L.-E. De Geer
Subjects: Physics, Radiation, Monte carlo code, No reference, Experimental data, Statistical physics, Gauge (firearms), Gamma ray spectrometry
Abstract: In an intercomparison exercise, the Monte Carlo codes most commonly used in gamma-ray spectrometry today were compared with each other in order to gauge the differences between them in terms of typical applications. No reference was made to experimental data; instead, the aim was to confront the codes with each other, as they were applied to the calculation of full-energy-peak and total efficiencies. Surprising differences between the results of different codes were revealed.
Published: 2008
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50. Use of thin collodion films to prevent recoil-ion contamination of alpha-spectrometry detectors

Author: J. LaRosa, B. Stewart, E. Hall, C. McMahon, Zhichao Lin, Hiromu Kurosaki, L K. Selvig, S. Nour, Roy Pöllänen, S. Turner, J. T. Woodward, Michael K. Schultz, Kenneth G. W. Inn, Iisa Outola, and Z. Yu
Subjects: Material safety data sheet, Materials science, Alpha spectrometry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Detector, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Analytical chemistry, Contamination, Pollution, Analytical Chemistry, Ion, Recoil, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Collodion, Optoelectronics, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Thin film, business, Spectroscopy
Abstract: Recoil ions from alpha-particle emission can contaminate surface-barrier detection systems. This contamination results in increased measurement uncertainty, and may require the replacement of expensive detectors. Disposable thin Collodion films are easily prepared and effectively retard the recoil ions when either directly applied to the surface of alpha-sources or as catcher foils between the source and the detector. The thin films are particularly effective for relatively low-level sources, but can sustain structural damage when exposed to high levels of recoil ions (tens of thousands per second) over extended periods of time.
Published: 2008
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