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Purpose . To evaluate the effectiveness of intraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS) in the surgical treatment of kidney tumors. Patients and methods . Possibilities of IOUS application in the surgical treatment of kidney tumor according to the results of examination and surgical treatment of 145 patients (95 men and 50 women) diagnosed with kidney cancer were evaluated. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (comparisons) — 76 patients; during the examination and treatment, the IOUS method was not used, group 2 (basic) — 69 patients, who during the surgical treatment used the IOUS method to further clarify the localization, the size and boundaries of the tumor formation. Results . The use of IOUS helped to reduce the frequency of nephrectomy (11.9% in the comparison group and 8.7% in the main group), and reduce the frequency of intraoperative complications, which amounted to (8.7% against 13.2%). The frequency of damage to the spleen and the transition to open surgery did not differ. The use of IOUS allowed to characterize in detail the anatomical features of the tumor, its vascularization and to implement the RENAL prognosis: favorable — in 50.7% of patients, unfavorable — in 15.9%. Conclusion .When performing kidney tumor surgery, it is recommended to perform IOUS of the affected kidney in order to further clarify the boundaries of the tumor lesion to improve the effectiveness of the operation.

The lecture is devoted to topical issues of ultrasonic diagnostics in oncogynecology. The stages of the development of the ultrasound method in oncogynecology, the possibility of the method in the diagnosis of cervical cancer, uterine cancer and ovarian cancer are denoted. The possibilities and disadvantages of the method in the assessment of the prevalence of the tumor process are estimated.

At present, aggressive surgical approach in combination with perioperative chemotherapy allows to extend indications for surgical intervention in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, since only a radical liver resection provides better long-term survival. Contrast enhancement imaging techniques are important before considering treatment options to identify patients with resectable and potentially resectableliver metastases. Our study evaluated the qualitative and quantitative parameters of thedynamic enhancement pattern of liver metastases. This review will be analyzed the results of liver contrast-enhanced ultrasound studies in 104 patients with secondary colorectal liver metastases before primary tumor resection, as well as the monitoring of systemic chemotherapy and post-ablation follow-up to access treatment respond.

the aim of study was testing and introduction in clinical practice combination of EUS with sonoelastography, fine-needle biopsy and needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy in advanced diagnostic of pancreatic disease.in the period from February 2014 to December 2015, we accumulated experience of EUS-FNA in 72 patients mostly with tumor pathology of the pancreas. In 16 cases we used 19G, in 49-22G, and in 7 patients - 25G needles. In 5 patients we used COOK Echotip Procore needle. In 8 cases we performed confocal laser endomicroscopy through the 19G needle (nCLE) in 3 patients with cystic and in 5 - with solid tumors. In 20 patients, there we used.HITA-CHI-PENTAX sonoelastography was performed.There were no complications in EUS-FNA. In all cases we received pathology verification of disease. nCLE results always confirmed by morphological examination of material. In elastography examination normal pancreatic tissue had a equable green-yellow color, in chronic pancreatitis on the same background there were areas of blue seal parenchyma, in the cases pancreatic adenocarcinoma it was marked predominance of blue color scale, in neuroendocrine tumors - diffuse distribution of green and blue areas. Using nCLE in patients with adenocarcinoma revealed the destruction of certain glands, polymorphic nuclei of epithelial cells, with their enlargement, deformation, loss of polarity. Appliance of Procore needle has its technical features, but allowed us to obtain more material with less bloody - due to fewer number of passes.Thus, our study confirms the effectiveness of EUS-FNA with sonoelastography and nCLE. It defines objectives for improvement and expansion of the range for their clinical use.

An ultrahigh-vacuum setup for studying the interaction of ions with a solid by the thermodesorption spectroscopy method has been developed. The residual pressure achieved in the setup after heating is

D retention in fine grain graphite MPG-8 and carbon fiber composite NB31 after exposure to plasma was investigated by means of thermal desorption spectroscopy. It was observed, that deuterium accumulation in the two materials was similar in the region of the fluence of 10 22 –4 × 10 24 D + /m 2 , though NB31 retains about twice as much. The retention in MPG-8 reveals no saturation at high fluences and no flux dependence in the range of (0.5–3.5) × 10 20 D + /m 2 s. The difference between polished and unpolished samples, as well as between samples kept in air for various times after irradiation was within the experimental uncertainty.

Deuterium retention in fine-grained graphite MPG-8 and carbon fiber composite NB31 after irradiation in a magnetron discharge and plasma-beam discharge was investigated by thermal desorption spectroscopy. The thermal desorption spectra reveal deuterium yield in a wide temperature range: from 400 to 1400 K. The spectra of the materials studied are qualitatively similar; however, the relative amplitudes of the thermal desorption peaks are different.

Ultrasound examination of the peritoneal cavity, small pelvis, iliac lymph nodes and femoral blood vessels (downstream of the blood flow) was performed in 346 patients who had undergone pelvic lymphadenectomy. Post-operative lymphocele developed in 302 (7.2%). However, treatment was required in 98 (28.3%) only. Our strategy of follow-up after pelvic lymphadenectomy facilitated diagnosis and effective excision of lymphocele without resorting to laparotomy due to an improved procedure of ultrasound monitoring.

Objective — to study the echographic semiotics of lymphoproliferative tumors in the presence of genitourinary system lesion. Material and methods. Forty-seven patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and lymphogranulomatosis (LG) who had tumors in the genitourinary organs (kidney (n=30), testicle (n=5), adrenal (n=4), urinary bladder (n=3), ureter (n=2), prostate (n=2), and spermatic cord (n=1) were followed up. Results. The semiotics of the lesion in different genitourinary organs in lymphoproliferative diseases is described in detail. Conclusion. Ultrasound study yields significant information on organ tumor lesion in LG and NHL. The main signs suggesting the organ lesion are its unusual presentation; an inconsistency between significant visible changes and mild clinical manifestations; frequently multiple foci; and a very rapid progression of changes. The greatest difficulties arise in isolated focal organ lesion since the ultrasound image of each single visible nodule is virtually indistinguishable from that of a tumor of another morphological structure.

Objective: to study the capabilities of ultrasonography (USG) in the primary and specifying diagnosis of cancer of the tongue and mouth floor. Material and methods. The investigation was conducted with the GE logiq 9, by using the following modes: B-mode; virtual convex scanning providing a wider field of view; pulsed wave (PW) Doppler, and color Doppler mapping (CDM). A total of 128 patients, including 54 (42.2%) with tumors of the mouth floor mucosa and 74 (57.8%) with those of the tongue, were examined. There were 92 (71.2%) men and 36 (28.8%) women; their mean age was 55 years. USG was performed to estimate tumor spread to anatomically important adjacent structures. The findings were compared with magnetic resonance imaging data. Results. In all cases, tumor masses of the tongue and mouth appeared echographically as infiltrative changes mainly of hypoechoic (99.2%), heterogeneous and/or slightly heterogeneous (61%) patterns with uneven (93.8%) and indistinct (95.3%) outlines. In other cases, the changes presented with nodular masses (4.7%); in these cases, their outline was distinct, in places uneven. CDM revealed that blood flow was increased in the majority of cases (72.3%). Blood flow in the tumor did not differ from the rate of that in healthy tissue in 3.3% of cases and it was absent in other cases (24.4%). Conclusion. USG makes it possible to visualize well changes in the oral mucosal tumore and to estimate its spread to important anatomic structures.

при опухолях щитовидной железы составила 86,5%, специфичность — 100%, точность — 94,0%. Ключевые слова: ультразвуковая диагностика, щитовидная железа, рак щитовидной железы, средостение, загрудинный зоб, метастазы. Objective — to determine the capabilities of ultrasonography (USG) for thyroid tumors metastasizing to the mediastinum. Subjects and methods. In 1992—2010, mediastinal USG was carried out in 151 patients with pathological thyroid changes, 87 of them were found to have mediastinal injury (22 men and 65 women; age 15 to 70 years). The investigators examined the thyroid and neck in accordance with the standard procedure, then an intrathoracic thyroid component and/or mediastinal lymph node (LN) metastases, by applying a special mediastinal USG procedure. Surgery was performed in 52 patients, including 22 and 30 patients who were found to have an intrathoracic thyroid tumor component and LN metastasis, respectively. Results. The ultrasound semiotics of an intrathoracic thyroid component and mediastinal lymph node metastases in thyroid cancer has been worked out. Conclusion. USG is an effective diagnostic technique for a thyroid tumor metastasizing to the mediastinum. Its sensitivity in diagnosing a thyroid tumor metastasizing to the mediastinum was 86.5%; its specificity and accuracy were 100% and 94%, respectively.