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Introduction. This article presents data on the manifestations of changes in the microenvironment of the peritoneal cavity in patients with carcinomatosis, expressed by the mineralization of the peritoneum, which in turn leads to functional changes in drainage of the peritoneal cavity.Materials and methods. We examined autopsy tissue of the peritoneum with symptoms of carcinomatosis and intact peritoneum using comparative scanning electron microscopy.Results and discussion. The study of the ultrastructure of peritoneum in patients with PC, revealed the phenomenon of SLL mineralization. The resulting elemental composition profile showed a high content of Ca, P, Na.Conclusions. 1. Carcinomatosis is not a local, but rather a systemic process. Determining the role of mineralization in carcinomatosis is of fundamental importance in carcinogenesis. 2. The serous membranes mineralization in patients with carcinomatosis can become a new treatment target, the impact on which may increase life expectancy and improve the quality of life. 3. The serous membranes demineralization can serve as a part of a combination treatment that includes the subsequent endolymphatic anti-tumour drug therapy.

During the last three decades, the understanding of the biology and pathways of dissemination of tumors with intraperitoneal spread, and the understanding of the protective function of the peritoneal barrier against tumoral seeding, has prompted the concept that PC is a loco-regional disease: in absence of other systemic metastases, multimodal approaches combining aggressive cytoreductive surgery, intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy and systemic chemotherapy have been proposed and are actually considered promising methods to improve loco-regional control of the disease, and ultimately to increase survival. The aim of this review article is to present the evidence on treatment of PC in different tumors, in order to provide patients with a proper surgical and multidisciplinary treatment focused on optimal control of their locoregional disease.

In the article the anatomical features of the peritoneum structure have been described in accordance with the medical records supplemented by the author’s illustrations. The functional differences of various peritoneum areas are shown based on its structure. Also, issues relating to the anatomical features of the peritoneum such as «hatches» and its influence on the development of peritoneal carcinomatosis have been touched upon.

This article describes the results of scanning electron microscopy in cancer. For the first time visualized the cancer cells migrated via directly serous-lymphatic hatches on the surface peritoneum. Shown the similar results of studies of Japanese scientists, but selected the differences in the mechanisms of this process, in particular in the direction of movement of cancer cells. From data analysis results of quantitative and anatomical evaluation of serous lymph hatches diaphragmatic peritoneum we selected their functional classes. Investigation results have important applied value in oncology.