Search

To control the technogenic pollution of water bodies, we proposed to determine the total concentration monocyclic arenes C6–C9 (cAr, mg/L), which are the most toxic and readily water-soluble hydrocarbons. In contrast to the widely used indicator “petroleum products,” the value of сAr directly characterizes the toxicity of the water under study. We developed a procedure for the extraction–chromatographic determination of cAr in wastewater, which does not require the evaporation of the extract or the preparative separation of arenes from other hydrocarbons. The cAr values were calculated from the total areas of arene peaks identified in the chromatogram of a purified hexane extract. To take into account the loss of arenes during sample preparation, the calibration dependence was constructed using multicomponent aqueous solutions with known cAr values (simulating solutions), by passing them through the same operations as the samples of the test water. The lower limit of the determined values of cAr is 0.1 mg/L; the errors in determining cAr do not exceed 15 rel %; the duration of analysis of a single sample is 2 h. The procedure was tested in the analysis of various types of wastewater, verified, and patented.

The CombiHIVvac candidate vaccine against HIV-1/AIDS containing two synthetic polyepitope immunogens such as TBI and TCI to stimulate the humoral and cellular response is described. The recombinant TBI protein is constructed as a polypeptide with predetermined tertiary structure and contains epitopes of Env and Gag proteins of HIV-1. TCI contains CD8+ CTL and CD4+ Th epitopes of the major viral proteins such as Env, Gag, Pol and Nef which are highly conserved among subtypes A, B and C of HIV-1. A gene encoding the polyepitope TCI immunogen is inserted into a pcDNA-3.1 plasmid vector. The CombiHIVvac vaccine was designed as virus-like particles containing the pcDNA-TCI plasmid in their cores (DNA vaccine) and the TBI protein conjugated with polyglucin on their surfaces. Immunogenicity and safety of CombiHIVvac has been shown in preclinical studies in several animal species. Phase I clinical trials of the vaccine have been completed and the results obtained in human volunteers confirmed that the CombiHIVvac candidate vaccine was safe and did not cause side effects, at the same time, inducing the HIV-specific humoral and cellular immune response. The phase II clinical trials have been approved by the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation.

В статье анализируется употребление глагольных форм русского языка в сложноподчиненных предложениях изъяснительного типа. Изученный материал показывает тесную связь между темпоральными отношениями двух частей предложения и семантикой опорного предиката. Особое внимание уделяется группе опорных предикатов, выраженных глаголами со значением сожаления и огорчения.

Problem. To evaluate the total concentration ( с Σ ) of hydrocarbons (HBs) in natural and waste waters it is necessary to extract all HBs, separate them from non-HB substances and measure the generalized signal in the certain IR spectral region. Then one may to determine total HB index ( с *) recalculated to the certain standard substance. The error δ с = ( с * - с Σ ) / с Σ has to depend on the method of signal measuring but no systematic investigations of this problem were early conducted. Experiment. The model mixtures of alkanes, cycloalkanes and alkilarenes in CCl 4 were prepared. Two methods of generalized signal measuring were used. Namely, one-wave IR-spectrometry (FT-801 Fourier-spectrometer) and IR-photometry (concentratometer ICN-025 with interference filters). The total HB index was determined for each sample, the same standard (Simard mixture) was used for all determinations. The both estimations for each sample were compared. Results. For both methods resulting δ с –values are repeatable and significant. The measurement of the average absorbance near 3.3-3.5 mcm by IKN-025 concentratometer leads to more accurate (±20-30 % rel.) estimations of the total hydrocarbon content than the measurement of the monochromatic absorbance near 3.42 mcm by the FT-801 Fourier-spectrometer (errors to the point of 80 % rel.), with other equal conditions. The one-wave IR spectrometry in comparison with IR-photometry has the only benefit - low LODs of hydrocarbons. Discussion. Irrespective of the way to measure the signal, the error δ с arises mainly because the real mismatch of standard and model mixtures in composition exists. The other factor is the inequality of the absorption coefficients for different HBs. This hypothesis is confirmed, as we are able to predict δ с –values taking into the consideration the absorption coefficients and the composition of mixtures to investigate. The leveling of these absorption coefficients for various HBs leads to more reliable estimations for с Σ . The probable mechanism for absorption coefficients leveling is proposed on the basis of spectral data. Evidently, the multiwave IR-spectrometry and integral intensities measuring have to show the best accuracy of hydrocarbon content estimations and the low LODs simultaneously. In the ”Conclusion” the fundamental and applied significances of the investigation are characterized. Key words: aqueous analysis, total indices, petroleum products, one wave IR spectrometry, IR photometry, concentratometers, errors of the analysis, limits of detection. (Russian) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2014.18.1.010 M.A. Fedorova, S.V. Usova, V.I. Vershinin Dostoevsky Omsk State University , Omsk, Russian Federation

In the article results of clinical tryal of the new drug containing interferon – Layfferon, 9000000 IUintramuscular solution in healthy volunteers are presented.Safety and tolerability of the new dosage of Layfferon was estimated on the basis of supervision over a condition of volunteers, clinical and laboratory inspection within 30 day after introduction of a preparation.As a result of test it has been established, that Layfferone a doze 9 000 000 IUt is safe and tolerated. Study results have allowed to create the instruction on application for new dosage of the drug.

The structure and content of main Russian books of problems in analytical chemistry were analyzed. It was revealed that they incompletely correspond to the standard curriculum (not enough problems on instrumental methods, separation, and preconcentration), to the content of main textbooks, and to conventional didactic requirements (lack or small number of complex or nonstandard problems). The mathematical tools known to students are insufficiently employed. Recommendations are given on the use of previously published books of problems and on the development of new ones.

Antitumor activities of tumor necrosis factor-α and its mutant analog R31Q are studied in HEp-2 and U-937 cell cultures. Cytotoxic activity of R31Q virtually does not differ from that of the initial form of tumor necrosis factor-α and its cytostatic effect was even slightly higher. The nonspecific toxicity of R31Q toward human diploid fibroblasts L-68 is lower. Comparative study of the drug pharmacokineticsin vivo showed a better preservation and higher concentration in the blood of the mutant analog of tumor necrosis factor-α.

A study was undertaken to prove that a vaccine drug based on the fast-growing MB-7 (MB-7 VD) of hepatitis A virus (HAV) is safe. It was established that MB-7 VD, when once injected to white outbred mice and when 4 times injected to Hartley guineas pigs, did not cause any hematological and biochemical changes in the peripheral blood or in the condition of the central nervous system of experimental animals, which shows that MB-7 VD is free of any toxic properties.

The influence of a vaccine based on the MB-7 strain of hepatitis A virus (VP-MB-7) designed at the "Vector" Center of Virology and Biotechnology was studied. VP-MB-7 was found to provoke no allergic response and to have an activating effect on the specific and non-specific responses of cell and humoral immunity similar to those evoked by hepatitis A vaccine "Hep-A-in Vac".

Measles predominates among childhood droplet infections in many countries. Immunization of all human beings sensitive to this infection is the only radical measure in controlling measles. The quality of a vaccine is primarily determined by the properties of the virus strains and cell cultures and technology of production. Now live measles vaccine is produced in or country on the basis of fibroblasts from Japanese quail embryo. The production of live measles vaccine in the primary cell cultures has a number of drawbacks caused by the nonstandard pattern of the substrate and the probability of contamination. The use the certified human diploid cells deposited in liquid nitrogen in sufficient quantities is promising. The authors have elaborated a new technology of live measles vaccine production by using the Leningrad-16 virus strain on the basis of attested L-68 diploid cell culture from the human fetal lung. Experimental batches of vaccine were obtained and attested in accordance with the present requirements for immunobiological products.

In the past 5 years, the investigators of the "VECTOR" SRB VB and the L.A. Tarasevich State Institute of Standardization and Control of Medical Biological Preparations have jointly designed sera reference panels containing anti-HIV-1 IgG, anti-HCV IgG, and anti-HAV IgM which have been approved as national standard panels. The panels are intended for use in controlling the specificity and stability of the most widely used ELISA diagnostic kits and immunoblot test systems during production, control, and application stages. Some problems of development and production of these panels, including the representation of different sera in the panels and the selection of specific IgG concentrations in the different sera in the panel are described. The authors also attract attention to the stabilization of the specific characteristics of panel sera during storage and transportation.

The article discusses the 10-year experience in the use of radioisotop diagnosis in the practice of an intensive therapy department. The results of the examination of over 300 patients who had been operated on under conditions of extracorporeal circulation are analyzed. With the use of radioactive indicators some new aspects of the pathophysiology of acute circulatory disorders were revealed, among others those related to the problem of blood deposition, the correlation between the functioning of the right and left parts of the heart; the diagnostic possibilities in appraising the causes of the disorders of circulation, functioning of the parenchymatous organs, and tissue blood flow were widened; the therapeutic tactics in the development of hypovolemia, acute cardiac failure, and disturbances in tissue perfusion could be elaborated.

Materials on the study of relationship between the activity of immunoreactive insulin and the degree of an increase in the level of anti-influenza antibodies, induced by vaccine strains, are presented. A short-term decrease in the activity of insulin, more pronounced in donors immunized with adsorbed chemical influenza vaccine, and an increase in the antibody level, mainly in the group of donors receiving killed influenza vaccine, have been noted.