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Bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi) is an underutilized fruit usually grown in tropical countries and is widely added as souring agent in many Filipino dishes. However, it is undervalued and its utilization is limited due to short shelf life. Drying is one of the more popular and cheapest means of prolonging its storage life. This study aimed to investigate the effects of drying methods on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of bilimbi. Analysis of proximate composition, pH, total sugar, ascorbic acid content, oxalic acid content and antioxidant activity was conducted on the fresh and dried fruit samples. Data showed that drying significantly affected the proximate composition and pH of bilimbi (p < 0.05). The oxalic acid content, total sugar content and antioxidant activity of dried bilimbi generally increased while significant loss in ascorbic acid was observed in solar dried and oven dried bilimbi. Freeze drying removed the most amount of moisture while preventing significant decrease in ascorbic acid level in bilimbi. Dried bilimbi is a good source of macronutrients, ascorbic acid and possessed good antioxidant activity regardless of the method of drying utilized.

Leukemia is one of the most frequent types of cancer. No effective treatment currently exists, driving a search for new compounds. Simple structural modifications were made to novel triterpenes isolated from Phoradendron wattii. Of the three resulting derivatives, 3α-methoxy-24-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (T1m) caused a decrease in the median inhibitory concentration (IC50) on the K562 cell line. Its mode of action was apparently apoptosis, ROS generation, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Molecular docking analysis showed T1m to produce lower binding energies than its precursor for the Bcl-2 and EGFR proteins. Small, simple, and viable modifications to triterpenes can improve their activity against leukemia cell lines. T1m is a potentially promising element for future research. Clarifying the targets in its mode of action will improve its applicability.

EXPLORE Horizon 2020 Research & Innovation project: The project’s main goal is to develop and grant access to six scientific data applications (SDAs) that facilitate the exploitation of data from planetary space & astrophysics missions. Within the six EXPLORE’s SDAs, L-Explo and L-Hex provide access to a selection of higher-level data from existing Lunar orbital and in-situ missions. Users can access all SDAs on the EXPLORE platform, https://explore-platform.eu [1]. L-Explo and L-Hex objectives: Both SDAs share the common aim of retrieving meaningful information for surface characterization, geologic mapping, resource evaluation, and mission planning purposes. Specific aims comprise the discovery of possible new targets of interest, landing-site characterization, and traverse engineering. Processing pipelines: We have developed several processing pipelines (coded in python) that are shared across the lunar SDAs and include band composition, spectral profile plots, spectral indexes generation, and vectorial data visualization. Additional specific and advanced processing capabilities are under development and notably include Machine Learning pipelines for automated data analysis and features extraction. To improve and broaden the scope of these pipelines, we are working with the planetary community, through the Europlanet GMAP (Geologic MApping of Planetary bodies) collaboration [2], to test and improve our services and tools. System architecture: Since the objectives of both SDAs share many elements, they are designed with a common robust backend-frontend architecture. The frontend provides a unified interface, based on a customized TerriaJS web framework [3], as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. Example of the frontend showing multiple spectral datasets, a Digital Elevation Model, and visible imagery using split-screen functionality. An example plot of sampled spectral profiles is also shown. This interface grants a fluid workflow between L-Explo and L-Hex including also split-screen and pedestrian visualizations. The frontend performs on-the-fly most of the pipelines, such as the interactive plot of spectral signatures by querying the data through the backend. The backend comprises dockerized instances of Geoserver [4] to publish data and FastAPI [5] to perform all the processing tasks. Data: Each SDAs have access mostly to the same higher-level data, derived from public data archives [6], processed using the pipelines, and ingested in the backend. Conclusion: L-Explo and L-Hex are novel web-services, that are complementary to similar services offer access to higher data products, custom processing pipelines in a lightweight and user-friendly 2/2.5/3D environment. More advanced features, including community-driven features, are under development. References: [1] N. L. J. Cox et al. (2022), EXPLORE – Innovative Scientific Data Exploration and Exploitation Applications for Space Sciences – The lunar case, 6th Planetary Science Informatics and Data Analytics Conference 2022. [2] A. Nass et al. (2021), GMAP: European Mapping efforts for Geologic Mapping of Planetary bodies, EPSC Abstracts Vol. 15, EPSC2021-383, 2021 European Planetary Science Congress 2021. [3] Terria (2022), TerriaJS, https://terria.io [4] A. Aime et al., (2022), Geoserver, 10.5281/zenodo.6456605 [5] S. Ramírez (2022), tiangolo/fastapi, https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/ [6] PDS Geosciences Nodes (2022), Lunar Orbiter Data Explorer, https://ode.rsl.wustl.edu/moon/index.aspx Fundings: This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 101004214.

Current antineoplastic agents present multiple disadvantages, driving an ongoing search for new and better compounds. Four lupane-type triterpenes, 3α,24-dihydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (

Oiling scenarios following spills vary in concentration and usually can affect large coastal areas. Consequently, this research evaluated different crude oil concentrations (10, 40, and 80 mg L−1) on the nearshore phytoplanktonic community in the southern Gulf of Mexico. This experiment was carried out for ten days using eight units of 2500 L each; factors monitored included shifts in phytoplankton composition, physicochemical parameters and the culturable bacterial abundance of heterotrophic and hydrocarbonoclastic groups. The temperature, salinity, and nutrient concentrations measured were within the ranges previously reported for Yucatan Peninsula waters. The total hydrocarbon concentration (TPH) in the control at T0 indicated the presence of hydrocarbons (PAHs 0.80 μg L−1, aliphatics 7.83 μg L−1 and UCM 184.09 μg L−1). At T0, the phytoplankton community showed a similar assemblage structure and composition in all treatments. At T10, the community composition remained heterogeneous in the control, in agreement with previous reports for the area. However, for oiled treatments, Bacillariophyceae dominated at T10. Hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria were associated with oiled treatments throughout the experiment, while heterotrophic bacteria were associated with control conditions. Our results agreed with previous works at the taxonomic level showing the presence of Bacillariophyceae and Dinophyceae in oil-related treatments, where these groups showed the major interactions in co-occurrence networks. In contrast, Chlorophyceae showed the key node in the co-occurrence network for the control. This study aims to contribute to knowledge on phytoplankton community shifts during a crude oil spill in subtropical oligotrophic regions.

In prototype ferromagnet-antiferromagnet interfaces we demonstrate that surface acoustic waves can be used to identify complex magnetic phases arising upon evolution of exchange springs in an applied field. Applying sub-GHz surface acoustic waves to study the domain structure of the ferromagnetic layer in exchange-biased bilayers of Ir 20 Mn 80 − Co 60 Fe 20 B 20 , we are able to associate the magnetoelastic resonance with the presence of the exchange spin-spirals in both the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic layer. Our findings offer a complementary, integrative insight into emergent magnetic materials for applications of noncollinear spin textures in view of low-energy-consumption spintronic devices.

El proyecto investigativo tuvo como objetivo conocer cuáles han sido las transformaciones socioeconómicas que ha tenido la comunidad Tikuna de Mocagua desde los procesos de globalización en el Trapecio Amazónico. La investigación es de tipo cualitativo de corte etnográfico, se diseñan instrumentos para el trabajo de campo orientados al Identificar las transformaciones a lo largo del tiempo de la comunidad, con el objetivo de establecer cuál es su postura frente a estos procesos, partiendo del análisis de las categorías propuestas en el cuerpo de la investigación y aquellas emergentes durante el proceso de interacción con los sujetos. A partir de ello se encuentran transformaciones considerables en su organización política, el manejo de recursos y del dinero, así como problemáticas sociales modernas que obligan a la comunidad a adaptarse a un mundo globalizado, intentando proteger sus tradiciones y su entorno.

The present experimental study proposes an alternative for diagnostic methods and quality control in cylinder head defectology. The composition of the material is characterized by spectrometry, obtaining an approximation of aluminum 2117. For the detection of defectologies, non-destructive tests (NDT) are carried out, applicable to cylinder heads such as: visual inspection (VT) under conditions of standard EN 13018, penetrating inks (PT) visible according to ASTM E 165-02 and others not yet included in the vehicle fleet.; infrared thermography (IRT) with equipment specifications under ISO 18434 - 1, ultrasound (UT) based on standard EN 583 for the use of the equipment and Eddy currents (ECT) conforming standard ISO 15548, the analysis is carried out on the flat surface of the cylinder head, combustion chamber, valve seats and intake - exhaust ports, the different defects found are: cracks, fissures, discontinuities and pitting, showing longitudinal dimensions from 0,8 [mm]. To determine the reliability of results, an analogy is made of the tests mentioned in the same defect, the method with the greatest scope is Eddy currents as it has more inspection coverage with respect to the remaining tests; the simulation of computer-aided engineering CAE of the defect is performed, applying an AC magnetic analysis to identify the flux density, current density and visualize how the Eddy currents act in the cylinder head. After this research, artificial intelligence will be used as a complementary diagnosis, to predict defectologies not perceived by the human eye and to obtain a better analysis of defectologies in cylinder heads.

The research is aimed at the body industry specifically of a passenger transport bus which was subjected to a static analysis according to the requirements determined by the standard NTE INEN 1323:2009 and applying the Load Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) method for the different load combinations allowing to verify the resistance of the structure and its maximum deformation, according to the parameters allowed by the standard; the frontal impact according to the test conditions according to international standards of European New Car Assessment Program (Euro-NCAP) by means of the Finite Element Method (FEM), in order to determine the behavior of the body in case of a possible collision; the aerodynamics of the bodywork with the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software and in the wind tunnel in order to validate the results obtained in the software with reality, for this process the geometry of the bodywork was evaluated by printing a 3D prototype on a scale of 1:200, which resulted in a body conformed by a deflector presenting a higher lift coefficient, reduction of turbulence zones and optimum drag coefficient according to the norm.

This paper proposes a definition of a fuzzy partition element based on the homomorphism between type-1 fuzzy sets and the three-valued Kleene algebra. A new clustering method based on the C-means algorithm, using the defined partition, is presented in this paper, which will be validated with the traditional iris clustering problem by measuring its petals.

Aims of this study To describe the Latin American population affected by COVID‐19, and to determine relevant risk factors for in‐hospital mortality. Methods We prospectively registered relevant clinical, laboratory, and radiological data of adult patients with COVID‐19, admitted within the first 100 days of the pandemic from a single teaching hospital in Santiago, Chile. The primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included the need for respiratory support and pharmacological treatment, among others. We combined the chronic disease burden and the severity of illness at admission with predefined clinically relevant risk factors. Cox regression models were used to identify risk factors for in‐hospital mortality. Results We enrolled 395 adult patients, their median age was 61 years; 62.8% of patients were male and 40.1% had a Modified Charlson Comorbidity Index (MCCI) ≥5. Their median Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was 3; 34.9% used a high‐flow nasal cannula and 17.5% required invasive mechanical ventilation. The in‐hospital mortality rate was 14.7%. In the multivariate analysis, were significant risk factors for in‐hospital mortality: MCCI ≥5 (HR 4.39, P

Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are a therapeutic alternative in patients with venous thromboembolic disease; however, numerous factors affect their pharmacology.To evaluate the quality of VKA anticoagulation at three different time periods in Mexico.Prospective study, nested in patient cohorts at three different clinical scenarios between 2013 and 2019. Outpatients with indication for treatment with VKAs for at least 12 months were included. Patients were managed according to the criteria of the treating physician.Patient general characteristics were similar between groups, except for the VKA indication. The results of 4,148 patients and 38,548 INR assessments were analyzed. The times in therapeutic range during the three phases of the study and pooled data were significantly higher for the anticoagulation clinic. Only the number of patient visits was significantly associated with the results, unlike age, gender, and type of VKA.VKAs are widely used, but it is difficult for therapeutic goals to be achieved, especially in non-specialized clinical services. Creation of anticoagulation clinics is an urgent need for the Mexican health system.Los antagonista de la vitamina K (AVK) son una alternativa terapéutica en los pacientes con enfermedad tromboembólica venosa; sin embargo, numerosos factores afectan su farmacología.Evaluar la calidad de la anticoagulación AVK durante tres diferentes periodos en México.Estudio prospectivo, anidado en cohortes de pacientes en tres escenarios clínicos entre los años 2013-2019. Se incluyeron pacientes no hospitalizados con indicación para recibir AVK por al menos 12 meses, quienes fueron manejados de acuerdo con el criterio del médico tratante.Las características generales de los pacientes fueron similares entre los grupos, excepto por la indicación para usar los AVK. Se analizaron los resultados de 4148 pacientes y 38 548 evaluaciones de INR. Los tiempos en rango terapéutico durante las tres fases del estudio y los datos acumulados fueron significativamente mayores en la clínica de anticoagulación. Solo el número de visitas de control de los pacientes se asoció significativamente con los resultados, a diferencia de la edad, el sexo y el tipo de AVK.Los AVK se utilizan ampliamente, pero es difícil alcanzar la meta terapéutica, sobre todo en servicios clínicos no especializados. La creación de clínicas de anticoagulación es una necesidad urgente en el sistema mexicano de salud.

El número de procedimientos bariátricos ha aumentado de manera importante en los últimos años. A la par de este incremento se encuentra el número de complicaciones asociadas a ellos, siendo una de las más importantes la reganancia de peso, la cual tradicionalmente se ha tratado con cambios en el estilo de vida y que cuando falla requiere de la cirugía de revisión que presenta alta morbilidad. Recientemente se han descrito procedimientos endoscópicos para la reganancia de peso posterior a un procedimiento bariátrico que intentan disminuir la morbilidad asociada a la cirugía de revisión conservando la tasa de éxito. La coagulación con plasma de argón es una de las que mejores resultados ha presentado y en esta revisión exploramos sus indicaciones, técnica y las comparaciones con otras técnicas endoscópicas.

Postharvest fungal infections in LSQUOMD-2RSQUO pineapple (Ananas comosus) fruit cause the majority of losses during export. The leading strategy for decay control is the use of synthetic fungicides, but constraints associated with the use of these products have led to the search for alternative methods to reduce fungal infections. Hot water treatments have the potential to improve the postharvest life on various fruits by controlling the germination of several pathogens. In this research, the efficacy of hot water dips at several temperatures and times for the control of Fusarium verticillioides rot of pineapple during cold storage was assessed. Results showed that, relative to untreated fruit, pineapples treated with the fungicide prochloraz (3 cm3 L(‑1)) resulted in a 59.2% disease reduction after 21 days storage at 8°C and 90% RH; on the other hand, fruits immersed at 40°C for one minute resulted in a 35.3% reduction in F. verticillioides, whereas the reduction in internal fruit rot in pineapples dipped at 50°C for one minute was 22.4%. Moreover, during storage for 21 days at 8°C, treatment at 40°C for one minute significantly (p

Introduccion: Los antagonista de la vitamina K (AVK) son una alternativa terapeutica en los pacientes con enfermedad tromboembolica venosa; sin embargo, numerosos factores afectan su farmacologia. Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad de la anticoagulacion AVK durante tres diferentes periodos en Mexico. Metodos: Estudio prospectivo, anidado en cohortes de pacientes en tres escenarios clinicos entre los anos 2013-2019. Se incluyeron pacientes no hospitalizados con indicacion para recibir AVK por al menos 12 meses, quienes fueron manejados de acuerdo con el criterio del medico tratante. Resultados: Las caracteristicas generales de los pacientes fueron similares entre los grupos, excepto por la indicacion para usar los AVK. Se analizaron los resultados de 4148 pacientes y 38 548 evaluaciones de INR. Los tiempos en rango terapeutico durante las tres fases del estudio y los datos acumulados fueron significativamente mayores en la clinica de anticoagulacion. Solo el numero de visitas de control de los pacientes se asocio significativamente con los resultados, a diferencia de la edad, el sexo y el tipo de AVK. Conclusiones: Los AVK se utilizan ampliamente, pero es dificil alcanzar la meta terapeutica, sobre todo en servicios clinicos no especializados. La creacion de clinicas de anticoagulacion es una necesidad urgente en el sistema mexicano de salud.

[EN] Two types of commercial Na-zeolites, linde type A (LTA) and faujasite (FAU) were prepared with different percentage of silver that was incorporated by ion exchange using solutions of AgNO3. The physico-chemical properties of the samples were established using different techniques such as atomic emission spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-OES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electronic microscopy (SEM and EDX), and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR). The curative activity of these materials was first evaluated as water dispersions in in vivo primary screenings by placing a drop (30 µL) in a rind wound of `Valencia¿ oranges that had been inoculated 24 h before with a conidial suspension of Penicillium digitatum. Selected Agzeolites were incorporated as antifungal ingredients at different concentrations into composite hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-beeswax (BW) edible emulsions prepared with 8% total solid content with stearic acid as emulsifier and glycerol as plasticizer. Depending on the experiment, these coatings were applied 24 h after fungal inoculation to `Valencia¿ oranges as drops in rind wounds or covering the entire fruit. Controls included inoculated but untreated fruit and inoculated fruit treated with HPMC-BW without Ag-zeolites. After incubation of treated fruit at 20°C for 7 days, coatings amended with Ag-zeolites reduced the incidence and severity of green mold by more than 80%, showing high potential for effective disease control. Curative activity depended on Ag concentration and FAU zeolites were more effective than LTA zeolites, probably because of their larger pore apertures and higher Si/Al ratio that favored silver diffusion. However, coatings with the highest silver content were phytotoxic causing dark blemishes on the fruit rind. Further work is needed to optimize non-phytotoxic coatings with the highest curative activity., Spanish MINECO and European FEDER programme are acknowledged for financial support (project MAT2015-71842-P). Severo Ochoa programme of MINECO is also acknowledged for the Ph.D. formation contract of J.L. Cerrillo (SVP-2014-068600). Fontestad S.A. (Montcada, Vale¿ncia) is acknowledged for providing fruit.

Plant-derived secondary metabolites are a source of promising bioactive molecules in the search for safer more selective cancer drugs. Mexico’s flora is extremely diverse and many species, such as Phoradendron wattii, form part of traditional medicine. Compounds with notable cytotoxic activity have been isolated from P. wattii, but their concentrations may vary seasonally. The aim was to identify any variation in active metabolite concentrations in Phoradendron wattii methanol extracts in response to season. Betulin exhibited the most evident seasonal variations, being most abundant during the midsummer drought. Cytotoxic activity was highest (29 ± 1 µg/mL) in the rainy season methanol extract. Though not the most abundant metabolite in the extracts, 3α,24-dihydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid is apparently one of the most active among them and is a promising chemotaxonomic biomarker for this species. In summary, secondary metabolite concentrations in P. wattii methanol extracts varied in response to season, and these variations influenced cytotoxic activity.

Informe técnico final Evaluación de posibles impactos de los compuestos orgánicos persistentes sobre la biota marina en mesocosmos y condiciones controladas de laboratorio. En este informe se resumen los avances más importantes de experimentos en condiciones controladas sobre un posible derrame de petróleo en la biota marina., {"references":["https://zenodo.org/record/4018044"]}

This paper aims to study the dynamics of a foldable vibration based piezoelectric energy harvesting system for low frequency applications and passive vibration attenuation. Most of up to date reported work has focused on developing new harvesting devices and techniques to power small electronics such as pacemakers and sensor networks for structural health monitoring of machines and structural systems. It falls within the general area of smart structures and uses piezoelectric materials in the mechanical-to-electrical energy conversion process. The electromechanical devices are capable of converting ambient structural vibration signals in electrical energy. The well-known cantilever beam model partially or fully covered by piezoelectric layers is one of the simplest and most exploited models for piezoelectric energy harvesting. The energy harvester consists of a combination of beams forming a foldable structure. The presence of uncertainties in some key parameters can significantly alter the dynamic response of the harvesting device thus affect ing its overall performance in the mechanical to electrical energy conversion process. Uncertain parameters are introduced in the dynamic model and numerical simulations are conducted through the well known Monte Carlo Simulation method.

Oiling scenarios following spills vary in concentration and usually can affect large coastal areas. Consequently, this research evaluated different crude oil concentrations (10, 40, and 80 mg L

Pods of Samanea saman have been reported to be effective in mitigating methane (CH4) emissions in ruminants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of inclusion of S. saman pod meal in the ration on feed intake, apparent digestibility, rumen fermentation, rumen degradation, protozoa population, and enteric CH4 emissions in crossbred heifers fed low-quality tropical grass. Four crossbred heifers (Bos taurus × B. indicus) with an average live weight (LW) of 261.5 ± 1.29 kg were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design with four periods of 23 days (17 days for adaptation and 6 days for measurements of response variables). Levels of inclusion of S. saman ground pods in the ration were 0, 10, 20 and 30% of dry matter (DM). Enteric CH4 emissions were measured using open-circuit respiration chambers. Additionally, rumen degradation of the different components of S. saman pods was assessed. Incorporation of S. saman levels had no effect on dry matter intake (DMI) (P > .05), apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) (P > .05) nor protozoal count (P > .05). It was found that molar proportion of propionic acid in rumen liquid was increased (P