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4. A Case Study of Micromobility Regulation in Atlanta Through the Lens of Black's Behavior of Law

Author

Sanchez, Matheson

Subjects
Regulation, Lawmaking, Urban Planning, Behavior of Law, Micromobility
Abstract

In 2018, dockless, shareable micromobility devices arrived on Atlanta’s streets and sidewalks. The carrier companies that brought them did not coordinate their rollout with city officials. Much like the case in other cities where micromobility devices were introduced, Atlanta did not have the opportunity to prepare for them, meaning that the city had no oversight of the industry. The consequences were rampant clutter, increased danger to riders, pedestrians, and drivers of automobiles, and device-related crimes. News media outlets closely covered the challenges brought on by “e-scooters,” as they came to be known. Eventually, Atlanta passed regulations that expanded the city’s control over the industry but hindered it in the process. This led to vocal backlash, with some Atlantan’s asserting that the scooters and their riders should not shoulder all of the blame, and that automobiles and a lack of suitable infrastructure for innovative transportation technologies were more culpable. This raises questions about why the regulations targeted micromobility in Atlanta instead of other forms of transportation, and what the extent of the impacts of those regulations were. The current study obtains theoretical guidance from the Blackian framework, which proposes in part that socially disadvantaged entities will be vulnerable to legal intervention when they violate or threaten relatively more advantaged entities. To answer the questions at hand, the central investigation consists of a thematic analysis of news media sources (N = 243) to assess the presence of themes that align with the Blackian domains of social space and social time. Themes emerged from the data that suggest that micromobility devices, their riders, and the industry itself were portrayed in a manner that made them vulnerable to legislative intervention. The impact of the regulations is explored through a collection of rider citation reports (N = 100) and internal City of Atlanta communications. Findings suggest that the regulations heavily altered the micromobility market in Atlanta. Conclusions, policy implications, and recommendations for future research are offered.

Published
2024

5. Cyber Bullying Behaviors, Anonymity, and General Strain Theory: A Study of Undergraduate Students at a South Eastern University in the United States

Author

Lee, Gang, Sanchez, Matheson, and Jaishankar, K

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION, General Strain Theory, Cyber bullying, Cyber Victimization, College Student, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Cyber bullying is an intricate and ever-evolving form of bullying. Little is known about how cyber bullying is perpetrated at the collegiate level. Applying a General Strain Theory framework, the current study aims to assess the role of six university-related strain elements as possible predictors for cyber bullying and cyber-victimization. Survey questionnaires were administered to 15 undergraduate classes at a southeastern university (N = 406). Additionally, the role of internet anonymity on cyber bullying and cyber-victimization is addressed. Being threatened with losing or actually losing a scholarship and being placed on probation are identified as significant predictors of cyber-victimization. Being threatened with losing or actually losing a scholarship are found to be significant predictors of cyber bullying. Anonymity is established as negatively associated with the frequency of cyber bullying and cyber-victimization., {"references":["Adams, F. D., & Lawrence, G. J. (2011). 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Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 8(2), article 7. doi: 10.5817/CP2014-2-7. Crosslin, K., & Golman, M. (2014). Maybe you don't want to face it: College student's perspectives on Cyber Bullying. Computers in Human Behavior, 41, 14-20. Dredge, R., Gleeson, J. M., & de la Piedad, G., X. (2014). Risk factors associated with impact severity of Cyber Bullying victimization: A qualitative study of adolescent online social networking. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 17(5), 287-291. Guo, S. (2016). A meta-analysis of the predictors of Cyber Bullying perpetration and victimization. Psychology in the Schools, 53(4), 432-453. Gamez-Guadix, M., Gini, G., & Calvete, E. (2015). Stability of Cyber Bullying victimization among adolescents: prevalence and association with bully-victim status and psychosocial adjustment. Computers in Human Behavior, 52, 140-148. Hay, C., Meldrum, R., & Mann, K. (2010). Traditional bullying, cyber bullying, and deviance: A General Strain Theory approach. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 26 (2), 130-147. Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J. W. (2012). Cyber Bullying: Neither an Epidemic Nor a Rarity. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9(5), 539-543 Jang, H., Song, J., & Kim, R. (2014). Does the offline bully-victimization influence Cyber Bullying behavior among youths? Application of General Strain Theory. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 85-93. Kraft, E., & Wang, J. (2010). An exploratory study of the Cyber Bullying and cyberstalking experiences and factors related to victimization of students at a public liberal arts college. International Journal of Technoethics, 1(4), 74–91. Kowalski, R. M., Giumetti, G., Schroeder, A., & Lattanner, M. (2014). Bullying in the digital age: a critical review and meta-analysis of Cyber Bullying research among youth. Psychological Bulletin, 140, 1073-1137. MacDonald, C., & Roberts-Pittman, B. (2010). Cyber Bullying among college students: Prevalence and demographic differences. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 9, 2003–2009. Melander, L. A. (2010). College students' perceptions of intimate partner cyber harassment. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 13(3), 263-268. Moore, M. J., Nakano, T., Enomoto, A., & Suda, T. (2012). Anonymity and roles associated with aggressive posts in an online forum. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(3), 861-867. Patchin, J. W., Hinduja, S. (2011). Traditional and nontraditional bullying among youth: A test of General Strain Theory. Youth and Society, 43(2), 727-751. Reyns, B. W., Henson, B., & Fisher, B. S. (2012). Stalking in the twilight zone: Extent of cyberstalking victimization and offending among college students. Deviant Behavior, 33(1), 1-25. Smith, T. R., Langenbacher, M., Kudlac, C., & Fera, A. G. (2013). Deviant reactions to the college pressure cooker: A test of General Strain Theory on undergraduate students in the United States. International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences, 8(2), 88-104. Sticca, F., & Perren, S. (2013). Is Cyber Bullying worse than traditional bullying? Examining the differential roles of medium, publicity, and anonymity for the perceived severity of bullying. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42(5), 739-750. Washington, E. W. (2014). An overview of Cyber Bullying in higher education. Adult Learning, 26(1), 21-27. Wright, M. F. (2013). The relationship between young adults' beliefs about anonymity and subsequent cyber aggression. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 16(12), 858-862. Zickuhr, K. (2011). Generations and their gadgets. Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://pewinternet.org/Reports/2011/Generations-and-gadgets.aspx."]}

Published
2018
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6. Cyber Bullying Behaviors, Anonymity, and General Strain Theory: A Study of Undergraduate Students at a South Eastern University in the United States.

Author

Gang Lee and Sanchez, Matheson

Abstract

Cyber bullying is an intricate and ever-evolving form of bullying. Little is known about how cyber bullying is perpetrated at the collegiate level. Applying a General Strain Theory framework, the current study aims to assess the role of six university-related strain elements as possible predictors for cyber bullying and cyber-victimization. Survey questionnaires were administered to 15 undergraduate classes at a southeastern university (N = 406). Additionally, the role of internet anonymity on cyber bullying and cyber-victimization is addressed. Being threatened with losing or actually losing a scholarship and being placed on probation are identified as significant predictors of cyber-victimization. Being threatened with losing or actually losing a scholarship are found to be significant predictors of cyber bullying. Anonymity is established as negatively associated with the frequency of cyber bullying and cyber-victimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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