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Throughout history, patriarchal codes of conduct have been well-entrenched, and unfortunately women are expected to be compliant actors. Most are willing performers, but some aspire to defy. What happens when these diktats are challenged, and new norms are practised? Sampat Pal, a marginalised woman from rural India dared to unhinge the shackles and establish an alternate space, taking recourse to vigilante-activism to combat gendered violence. The narrative evolves around her life story, a microcosm of the agenda envisioned by her “Gulabi (pink) Gang”. Dressed in pink-coloured saris, ostensibly reflecting softness, warmth and compassion, the gang exemplifies everything that colour pink is not. Looking through the lenses of gender, agency, and identity, we analyse Pal’s story as she charts a new definition of “womanhood”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document is an acknowledgment listing the referees who provided reviews for the International Journal of Urology from September 2023 to August 2024. The list includes a diverse range of individuals from various cultural backgrounds and countries who contributed to the journal's peer review process. The referees' names are presented in alphabetical order, showcasing the global collaboration and expertise involved in the journal's publication. [Extracted from the article]

Grand Vizier Kara Mustafa's army towards the population of the attacked areas of Hungary and Austria during the Vienna Expedition of 1683 in the light of selected Ottoman sources. The aim of the article is to analyze the methods of the Ottoman army under the command of Grand Vizier Kara Mustafa and the Tatars supporting him against the people of the Hungarian and Lower Austrian areas during the Turkish expedition to Vienna in 1683. The primary sources are the accounts of chroniclers (Silahdar Mehmed aga of Fyndykla, Jebedji Hasan Esiri) and historians (Husein Hezarfenn, defterdar Sari Mehmed Pasha) of the Ottoman era. Important relations are included into the grand vizier's letters to the residents of the Hungarian city of Sopron and Vienna. These reports show that Ottoman forces sought to capture some cities and Vienna itself without a fight, counting on their surrender. They also succeeded in winning over some Hungarian magnates hostile to the Habsburgs (Imre Thököly, the Batthyanych and Draskovics families). However, terror was mainly used against the local population, which meant the extermination of prisoners of war – military (so-called "tongues") and civilians, as well as the taking of women and children into slavery ("jasyr"). Chroniclers report, among other things, cases of rewarding Ottoman soldiers and Tartars in exchange for supplied captives, who were later murdered. There are numerous reports on the destruction of occupied areas, mass looting and rape of women and boys. The attacked areas were almost completely destroyed and the population decimated. According to calculations, between 80,000 and more than 100,000 residents were killed or taken prisoner during these events. Streszczenie. Celem artykułu jest analiza metod postępowania armii osmańskiej pod dowództwem wielkiego wezyra Kara Mustafy i wspierających go Tatarów wobec ludności z obszarów Węgier i Dolnej Austrii podczas tureckiej wyprawy na Wiedeń w 1683 roku. Podstawowymi źródłami są relacje kronikarzy (Silahdar Mehmed aga z Fyndykły, Dżebedżi Hasan Esiri) i historyków (Husein Hezarfenn, defterdar Sari Mehmed Pasza) z doby osmańskiej. Ważnymi przekazami są listy wielkiego wezyra do mieszkańców węgierskiego miasta Sopron i Wiednia. Z relacji tych wynika, że siły osmańskie dążyły do opanowania niektórych miast i samego Wiednia bez walki, licząc na ich kapitulację. Udało się także pozyskać niektórych możnowładców węgierskich wrogo nastawionych do Habsburgów (Imre Thököly, rody Batthyanych, Draskovicsów). Wobec miejscowej ludności stosowano jednak przede wszystkim terror, który oznaczał eksterminację jeńców — wojskowych (tzw. „języków") i cywili oraz branie kobiet i dzieci w niewolę (jasyr). Kronikarze relacjonują m.in. przypadki nagradzania żołnierzy osmańskich i Tatarów w zamian za dostarczanych jeńców, których potem mordowano. Liczne są informacje o niszczeniu zajmowanych obszarów, masowych rabunkach i gwałtów na kobietach oraz chłopcach. Atakowane obszary zostały niemal całkowicie zniszczone a ludność zdziesiątkowana. Jak wynika z obliczeń, podczas tych wydarzeń zginęło lub zostało wziętych do niewoli od 80 do ponad 100 tysięcy mieszkańców. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Influenza reemerged after a 2020–2021 hiatus in 2022, but understanding the resurgence needs pre‐COVID era surveillance. We compared age‐ and ethnicity‐specific incidence of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) from a hospital network in Auckland, New Zealand, in 2022 against a baseline, 2012–2019. Methods: Annual and monthly influenza SARI incidence per 1000 persons by age and ethnic group between 2012 and 2022 was calculated using resident population as the denominator. The hospitals capture most severe illness of the resident population. Results: Influenza SARI incidence was highest among <1 year olds (2.62; 95% CI: 1.84–3.61) during 2012–2019, lowest at 6–14 years, and did not significantly increase until 50–64 years (0.35; 95% CI: 0.27–0.45), reaching 1.19 (95% CI: 0.57–1.55) in those ≥75 years. In all age groups, incidence was at least threefold higher in Māori and Pacific Peoples. No influenza SARI was identified in 2020–2021. In 2022, despite an early peak, annual incidence (<65 years) was lower than baseline in all ethnic groups, but incidence (≥65 years) in Māori (2.06; 95% CI: 1.22–3.26) and Pacific (3.94; 95% CI: 2.97–5.13) peoples was higher in 2022 than most baseline years, whereas incidence in NMNP (0.22; 95% CI: 0.14–0.32) was lower than any baseline year. Conclusion: After no influenza 2020–2021, Auckland had an early, high, narrow peak in 2022. Stratification by age and ethnicity revealed striking discrepancies in incidence among Māori and Pacific adults over 65 years compared with NMNP adults, with implications for targeted vaccination strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent work on text simplification has focused on the use of control tokens to further the state-of-the-art. However, it is not easy to further improve without an in-depth comprehension of the mechanisms underlying control tokens. One unexplored factor is the tokenization strategy, which we also explore. In this paper, we (1) reimplemented AudienCe-CEntric Sentence Simplification, (2) explored the effects and interactions of varying control tokens, (3) tested the influences of different tokenization strategies, (4) demonstrated how separate control tokens affect performance and (5) proposed new methods to predict the value of control tokens. We show variations of performance in the four control tokens separately. We also uncover how the design of control tokens could influence performance and give some suggestions for designing control tokens. We show the newly proposed method with higher performance in both SARI (a common scoring metric in text simplificaiton) and BERTScore (a score derived from the BERT language model) and potential in real applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arts Magazine is the property of Thamar University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Assistive robot arms try to help their users perform everyday tasks. One way robots can provide this assistance is shared autonomy. Within shared autonomy, both the human and robot maintain control over the robot's motion: as the robot becomes confident it understands what the human wants, it intervenes to automate the task. But how does the robot know these tasks in the first place? State-of-the-art approaches to shared autonomy often rely on prior knowledge. For instance, the robot may need to know the human's potential goals beforehand. During long-term interaction these methods will inevitably break down—sooner or later the human will attempt to perform a task that the robot does not expect. Accordingly, in this article we formulate an alternate approach to shared autonomy that learns assistance from scratch. Our insight is that operators repeat important tasks on a daily basis (e.g., opening the fridge, making coffee). Instead of relying on prior knowledge, we therefore take advantage of these repeated interactions to learn assistive policies. We introduce SARI, an algorithm that recognizes the human's task, replicates similar demonstrations, and returns control when unsure. We then combine learning with control to demonstrate that the error of our approach is uniformly ultimately bounded. We perform simulations to support this error bound, compare our approach to imitation learning baselines, and explore its capacity to assist for an increasing number of tasks. Finally, we conduct three user studies with industry-standard methods and shared autonomy baselines, including a pilot test with a disabled user. Our results indicate that learning shared autonomy across repeated interactions matches existing approaches for known tasks and outperforms baselines on new tasks. See videos of our user studies here: https://youtu.be/3vE4omSvLvc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of surface geothermal manifestations in Indonesia is still very limited as a tourist attraction. Solid-state thermoelectric generator technology is an alternative to converting electrical energy directly from a heat source in the form of low-temperature geothermal manifestation. Low-temperature geothermal thermoelectric power generation (Lotemg–TPG) was designed, manufactured, and tested to take advantage of this opportunity. It was also applied to the Sari Ater Hot Spring, Ciater. The Lotemg–TPG unit comprises seven M8T modules in two frame blocks equipped with hot- and cold-water circulation channels. The M8T module is the main part of the Lotemg–TPG, which consists of eight TEG elements of type TEG1-241-1.4-1.2, flanked by a hot-side radiator and a cold-side radiator. The measurement results showed that at the temperature difference between the hot-side Th and the cold-side Tc of ∆T 17.38 °C, one module can produce 1.30 W of power, so the total power of the Lotemg–TPG unit is around 9.10 W. This result is quite good considering that the heat source is obtained for free, and the device can operate to produce stable electrical power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Considering the importance of sports in today's era and the necessity to use it by organizational employees; the current research was conducted to identify the effective factors on the development of sports in Sari Municipality. Method: The current research is qualitative in terms of approach and the directional content analysis method was being applied. The statistical population contained 15 people relating to the subject, including university faculty members in the sport management department, senior municipal managers, and senior sport managers. The purposeful sampling method was judgmental and the data collection tool was semi-structured interview. Results: Factors affecting the development of organizational sports include: 6 main categories and 12 subcategories; structural dimensions (development of facilities and financial dimensions), social dimensions (individual and group dimensions), normative dimensions (monitoring and review, legal requirements), educational platforms (educational and informational dimensions), managerial dimensions (strategic and motivational dimensions), and communicative dimensions (sports interactions and media activities). Conclusion: Therefore, it is of utmost importance for the senior managers of the municipality to exert the results obtained in this research on factors such as: standards of constructing and equipping sport facilities, not depending solely on the organizational government budget in relation to sports, the use of expert sport coaches and managers in the organization, and holding sport Olympiads for employees and considering prizes for them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nb3Sn is emerging as one of the focal points in superconducting radio frequency (SRF) research, owing to its excellent superconducting properties. These properties hold significant possibilities for cost reduction and the miniaturization of accelerators. In this paper, we report the recent efforts of the Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI) in fabricating high-performance Nb3Sn superconducting cavities using the vapor diffusion method. This includes the construction of a Nb3Sn coating system with dual evaporators and the test results of 1.3 GHz single-cell coated cavities. The coated samples were characterized, and the growth state of the Nb3Sn films was analyzed. The first coated superconducting cavity was tested at both 4.4 K and 2 K, with different cooldown rates passing through the Nb3Sn critical temperatures. The causes of Sn droplet spot defect formation on the surface of the first cavity were analyzed, and such defects were eliminated in the coating of the second cavity by controlling the evaporation rate. This study provides a reference for the preparation of high-performance Nb3Sn-coated cavities using the vapor diffusion method, including the setup of the coating system, the comprehension of the vapor diffusion process, and the test conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Urban Structure & Function Studies is the property of University of Mazandaran and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Salak (Salacca zalacca) is an indigenous plant in Indonesia. It is widely distributed in several areas, such as Yogyakarta, Bali, Sumatra, and Maluku. Several varieties of salak have been developed as a part of the government's plant-breeding program. However, a detailed characterization of the sensory properties has not been reported. This study evaluated the chemical characteristics and consumer acceptance from six different varieties, namely Pondoh Super, Pondoh Madu, Pondoh Gading, Sari Intan 48, Sari Intan 295, and Sari Intan 541. Chemical characteristic tests included moisture content, fruit acidity (pH), total soluble solids, reducing sugar concentration, and vitamin C. Sensory evaluation on acceptance attributes, such as peel and flesh color, texture, aroma, taste, and overall preference, was carried out by 40 untrained panelists. The results revealed that the chemical and sensory characteristics varied among 6 varieties. Sari Intan 48 had the highest moisture content and pH compared to other varieties. Salak Pondoh Super had the highest levels of reducing sugar and vitamin C. On the other hand, Sari Intan 295 had the highest total soluble solids content. Male, female, and young panelists preferred the taste of Sari Intan 295. There was no significant difference in the parameters of peel color, flesh color, texture, aroma, taste, and overall preference in the adult panelists group. The group of panelists over 51 years old preferred the taste of the Sari Intan 541. A sour taste significantly affected panelists' acceptance of salak fruit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We conducted a multicentre hospital‐based test‐negative case–control study to measure vaccine effectiveness (VE) against PCR‐confirmed influenza in adult patients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) during the 2022/2023 influenza season in Europe. Among 5547 SARI patients ≥18 years, 2963 (53%) were vaccinated against influenza. Overall VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was 11% (95% CI: −23–36); 20% (95% CI: −4–39) against A(H3N2) and 56% (95% CI: 22–75) against B. During the 2022/2023 season, while VE against hospitalisation with influenza B was >55%, it was ≤20% for influenza A subtypes. While influenza vaccination should be a priority for future seasons, improved vaccines against influenza are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document titled "Acknowledgment of reviewers for 2023" expresses gratitude to the scientists and experts who reviewed papers for Acta Geophysica during the period of January 2023 to December 2023. The list includes a diverse range of individuals from various fields, representing a global perspective. The document acknowledges the valuable contributions of these reviewers without providing any additional information about their specific reviews or the papers they reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

"Keywords for Health Humanities" is a comprehensive text that is suitable for undergraduate introductory classes in the health humanities. Each chapter focuses on a single keyword and explores its role within the field. The chapters are written by respected scholars and provide a brief explanation of the keyword's origin before critically examining its significance. The book can be used as a basis for designing a health humanities course and encourages readers to establish a shared vocabulary to frame the goals of the field. The text includes pairings with supplementary readings that further illustrate the main points of each chapter. While the book is generally well-received, some students expressed concerns about certain chapters, particularly those on race and empathy. Overall, "Keywords for Health Humanities" offers readers the opportunity to reimagine language and its importance in defining the field and fostering meaningful conversations. [Extracted from the article]

Online saree shopping has become a popular way for adolescents to shop for fashion. Purchasing from e-commerce is a huge time-saver in this situation. Female apparel has many difficult-to-describe qualities, such as texture, form, colour, print, and length. Research involving online shopping often involves studying consumer behaviour and preferences. Fashion image analysis for product search still faces difficulties in detecting textures based on query images. To solve the above problem, a novel deep learning-based SareeNet is presented to quickly classify the tactile sensation of a saree according to the user's query. The proposed work consists of three phases: i) saree image pre-processing phase, ii) patch generation phase, and iii) texture detection and optimization for efficient classification. The input image is first denoised using a contrast stretching adaptive bilateral (CSAB) filter. The deep learning-based mask region-based convolutional neural network (Mask R-CNN) divides the region of interest into saree patches. A deep learning-based improved EfficientNet-B3 has been introduced which includes an optimized squeeze and excitation block to categorise 25 textures of saree images. The Aquila optimizer is applied within the squeeze and excitation block of the improved EfficientNet to normalise the parameters for improving the accuracy in saree texture classification. The experimental results show that SareeNet is effective in categorising texture in saree images with 98.1% accuracy. From the experimental results, the proposed improved EfficientNet-B3 improves overall accuracy by 2.54%, 0.17%, 2.06%, 1.78%, and 0.63%, for MobileNet, DenseNet201, ResNet152, and InspectionV3, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Infections (SARI) caused by influenza and other respiratory viruses pose significant global health challenges, and the COVID-19 pandemic has further strained healthcare systems. As the focus shifts from the pandemic to other respiratory infections, assessing the epidemiology and burden of SARI is crucial for healthcare planning and resource allocation. Aim: to understand the impact of the post-pandemic period on the epidemiology of SARI cases, clinical outcomes, and healthcare resource utilization in Tunisia. Methods: This is a prospective study conducted in a Tunisian MICU part of a national sentinel surveillance system, focusing on enhanced SARI surveillance. SARI cases from week 39/2022, 26 September to week 19/2023, 13 May were included, according to a standardized case definition. Samples were collected for virological RT-PCR testing, and an electronic system ensured standardized and accurate data collection. Descriptive statistics were performed to assess epidemiology, trends, and outcomes of SARI cases, and univariate/multivariate analyses to assess factors associated with mortality. Results: Among 312 MICU patients, 164 SARI cases were identified during the study period. 64(39%) RT-PCR were returned positive for at least one pathogen, with influenza A and B strains accounting for 20.7% of cases at the early stages of the influenza season. The MICU experienced a significant peak in admissions during weeks 1-11/2023, leading to resource mobilization and the creation of a surge unit. SARI cases utilized 1664/3120 of the MICU-stay days and required 1157 mechanical ventilation days. The overall mortality rate among SARI cases was 22.6%. Age, non-COPD, and ARDS were identified as independent predictors of mortality. Conclusions: The present study identified a relatively high rate of SARI cases, with 39% positivity for at least one respiratory virus, with influenza A and B strains occurring predominantly during the early stages of the influenza season. The findings shed light on the considerable resource utilization and mortality associated with these infections, underscoring the urgency for proactive management and efficient resource allocation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study specifically aims to examine the philosophical meaning and educational values contained in the Serat Sari Swara by Ki Hajar Dewantara (KHD). Serat Sari Swara is an old literary work (1930) written directly by KHD using Javanese script and in Javanese poetry/tembang type. Studying old literary works is crucial, considering that many moral teachings and educational values are implicit. Based on the format and character, this descriptive qualitative research used an interactive model of data analysis method, with a literary interpretive perspective content analysis method. The primary data sources of this research came from the Serat Sari Swara script and the results of interviews with informants. The research findings revealed the philosophical meanings and values of the five Serat Sari Swara poetry as follows. Based on data analysis on the philosophical meaning and educational values of Serat Sari Swara, it can be summarized as follows. 1) Sekar Gula Ganthi contains philosophical and educational values of religious education and the value of discipline education (discipline in carrying out its duties, hard work and responsibility to carry out the task of completing the mission it carries). 2) Langen Siswa contains philosophical meanings and the value of character education of thank God and value togetherness and solidarity. 3) Tembang Puji Santosa has philosophical and educational values of obey the teacher, students must be serious if they study, everything must be carried out sincerely, do not like to be sad, do not be lazy, always be grateful, 4) Tembang Ima-Ima contains the educational value of decency and politeness in an association. 5) Sekar Ageng Salyarini contains the philosophical meaning of nationalist spirit and willing to sacrifice. The results of this study will later be developed into a textbook material for children's literature appreciation for the Elementary School Teacher Education Study Program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document "Acknowledgement to Reviewers" from Neuroepidemiology lists the names of reviewers who have contributed to the journal. The list includes reviewers from various countries such as Peru, India, Qatar, USA, and Italy, among others. The document expresses gratitude to these individuals for their ongoing support in reviewing manuscripts for Neuroepidemiology. [Extracted from the article]

Background and Objective: The high risk of Sars-CoV-2 infection in dental centers is a serious problem for doctors and patients. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the environmental health measures related to corona disease in the dental offices of Sari city during the COVID-19 epidemic in 2021. Materials and Methods: The present study is descriptive and cross-sectional, and the tool used in it is a researcher-made questionnaire collected with the cooperation of the personnel working in 100 active dental service centers in Sari. to determine content validity, two qualitative and quantitative -qualitative methods were used. The qualitative content validity of this questionnaire was confirmed by 8 environmental health experts. Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS software V. 25. Results: Based on the results of this study, personal protective equipment was used continuously in 100% of the centers. In 93% of the centers, sodium hypochlorite and formaldehyde were used to disinfect the equipment, and in 94% of the cases, the frequency of disinfection of the equipment was after each patient. Disinfection of toilets was done daily in 62% of the centers and every two days in the rest. In 72% of the examined dental centers, had no local hood installed or turned on above the units, but in 92% of the offices, there was proper ventilation of public spaces. In addition, according to the results, in 99% of clinics, waste management was carried out in accordance with national laws and regulations and based on the rules and methods of the executive management of medical waste and related waste and related instructions, and also in 100% of clinics, water consumption was healthy and desirable. Conclusion: Overall, environmental health measures in dental offices were at an optimal level in most cases and in accordance with the instructions of the Ministry of Health. Not installing a hood or not turning it on above the units and improper ventilation of the dentist's office were the most critical problems of the centers, which need to be given more attention and corrective measures should be taken according to the instructions of the Ministry of Health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides information on the diversity and identification of eriophyoid mites in Sari county, Mazandaran province, Iran. It lists the species of mites found, along with their host plants, collection dates, and locations. Some of the species are new records for Mazandaran province. The article also references related research and acknowledges support. Additionally, there is another article by Zhang (2017) that explores the classification and taxonomy of Eriophyoidea mites, discussing their distribution and reproduction. This article is freely accessible and can be reproduced for non-commercial purposes with proper credit given to the original author and source. [Extracted from the article]

Background: To support the COVID‐19 pandemic response, many countries, including Belgium, implemented baseline genomic surveillance (BGS) programs aiming to early detect and characterize new SARS‐CoV‐2 variants. In parallel, Belgium maintained a sentinel network of six hospitals that samples patients with severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) and integrated SARS‐CoV‐2 detection within a broader range of respiratory pathogens. We evaluate the ability of the SARI surveillance to monitor general trends and early signals of viral genetic evolution of SARS‐CoV‐2 and compare it with the BGS as a reference model. Methods: Nine‐hundred twenty‐five SARS‐CoV‐2 positive samples from patients fulfilling the Belgian SARI definition between January 2020 and December 2022 were sequenced using the ARTIC Network amplicon tiling approach on a MinION platform. Weekly variant of concern (VOC) proportions and types were compared to those that were circulating between 2021 and 2022, using 96,251 sequences of the BGS. Results: SARI surveillance allowed timely detection of the Omicron (BA.1, BA.2, BA.4, and BA.5) and Delta (B.1.617.2) VOCs, with no to 2 weeks delay according to the start of their epidemic growth in the Belgian population. First detection of VOCs B.1.351 and P.1 took longer, but these remained minor in Belgium. Omicron BA.3 was never detected in SARI surveillance. Timeliness could not be evaluated for B.1.1.7, being already major at the start of the study period. Conclusions: Genomic surveillance of SARS‐CoV‐2 using SARI sentinel surveillance has proven to accurately reflect VOCs detected in the population and provides a cost‐effective solution for long‐term genomic monitoring of circulating respiratory viruses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ensino em Artes, Moda e Design is the property of Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article shows that the generic hybridity perceived and proven in the text of Nora Sari was an effect of the stakes of various tendencies of the context of production in the choice of the subject to treat: on one hand, the life of the family and the self-story of the main character of the novel; on the other hand, the historical context prevailing during the period concerning this slice of life. This hybridity reveals a concern for posture in line with the discourses and orientations of the social and l iterary field within which the novelist seeks to inscribe her place. It also shows a desire to overcome a deep split in the issue of languages in this same field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Andrej Čorba (Csorba) was born on September 17. 1770 in Chmeľov. He studied at the Prešov College and for a while also studied as a painter in Vienna. As a priest, he worked in the church choir in Žehňa. He worked in Hanušovce nad Topľou from 1821 until his death in 1845. Andrej Čorba is one of the personalities who contributed to the cultural development of his region with his spiritual and literary activities. Thanks to his literary talent, an extraordinary chronicle in verse was created, mapping the complex events connected with cholera, which he captured as an eyewitness, and for this reason, his work has an irreplaceable narrative value. It is unique written in verses. The manuscript is one of the first historical documents written in the Šariš dialect. From a linguistic point of view, this chronicle represents an interesting structure combining several forms of language, which results from the intentionality of the text (its focus on a wide readership), the dominant documentation function, but also secondary enlightening, aesthetic and ethical functions, while the author himself cannot be forgotten and bilingualism influenced by his East Slovak origin and evangelical confession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HUDÁČEK, Pavol. The Bardejov charter of 1247 (a few notes on a medieval document). Historický časopis, 2022, 70, 5, pp. 785–823, Bratislava. This study deals with a royal charter of 1247 issued by Béla IV due to a dispute of the Cistercians of Bardejov with Germans over their border. The original is not extant, only its transcription of 1500 is available. In Slovak historiography, the charter was considered to be a forged or interpolated one, or even a late forgery. Although this opinion prevailed among the historians for a long time, the criticism of its authenticity was based on unsupported and unconvincing arguments. An in-depth diplomatic and historical analysis of the charter, however, does not confirm the aforementioned presumption since it does not exhibit any serious deviations in form or content from the other Árpádian charters of the thirteenth century. The Bardejov Charter is a typical example of a medieval source in whose research the conclusions of earlier historiography completely pushed the newer attempts at the further diplomatic analysis of the document into the background for a long time.

Our comment is aimed to point out several controversial aspects of the paper Plašienka et al. (Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 109:1355–1376, 2020). The Pieniny Klippen Belt marks a narrow zone at the boundary between the external and internal Western Carpathians. We appreciate efforts of the authors of the commented paper in advancing the understanding and interpretation of the geological structure of the Pieniny Klippen Belt as well as the surrounding tectonic units. However, it is essential to inform that the commented paper significantly modifies and deforms previously published maps and other data without any arguments, new data, or references to published material. We especially draw attention to the presence of the Šariš Unit and Gosau-type successions which has not been proven in the western segment of the Pieniny Klippen Belt. Due to the intricate structure and a number of unsolved fundamental questions, the Pieniny Klippen Belt area and its surroundings cannot be considered a model region of foreland–backstop boundary as is suggested by the commented paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research study focuses on a culture-oriented approach to Color, Material, and Finish (CMF) design for products and its impact on product recognition. The study identifies the CMF elements of a traditional Maharashtrian craft and translates them onto a household product (a bowl). The research investigates the recognition value, viewer's perceptions, and preferences for the new proposed CMF designs of bowls that are inspired by Maharashtrian Khana sarees. A mixed-methods approach is taken combining qualitative and quantitative methods. Study results indicate that a cultural approach to CMF design allows designers to present more recognizable products in the market. CMF designers need to target a specific user group and cultural context to fulfill the user's aesthetic needs and desires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Influenza‐like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) case recruitment tools from 10 countries were reviewed. The contents of the existing tools were compared against World Health Organization's current guidelines, and we also assessed the content validity (accuracy, completeness and consistency). Five of the ILI tools and two of the SARI tools were rated as having high accuracy against WHO case definitions. ILI completeness ranged from 25% to 86% and SARI from 52% to 96%. Average internal consistency scores were 86% for ILI and 94% for SARI. Limitations in the content validity of influenza case recruitment tools may compromise recruitment of eligible cases and result in varying detection rates across countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article from BioEssays expresses gratitude to the scientists and members of the Editorial Board who served as reviewers for volume 46 in 2024. The Editorial staff acknowledges their dedication, knowledge, and cooperation in providing thoughtful reviews in a timely manner. The list of reviewers includes a diverse range of individuals from various backgrounds and fields of expertise. [Extracted from the article]

A correction notice was issued for an article in JA Clinical Reports regarding a case of postoperative hyperammonemic encephalopathy in a patient with hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria syndrome. The correction included adding Nobuhiko Ohashi and Gaku Okumura to the author group for their contributions to treating hyperammonemia and disturbed consciousness. The original article has been updated to reflect these changes. [Extracted from the article]

In I The Uses of Literature in Modern Japan i , her last book before her unfortunate passing in 2020, Sari Kawana tackles an impressive breadth of materials to prove how, in the context of twentieth-century Japan, modern literature and its promotion, circulation and reception were always already a transmedial enterprise. Kawana seems most concerned with literature's continuous influence in the twenty-first century, and through her meticulous, careful - but at the same time, creative - readings, she argues compellingly that literature does and will remain relevant even in the current era. Given her positive assessment of media mix, it seems likely that Kawana would champion the term "mass literature" as long as modern media platforms could help bring literature to a wider reception. [Extracted from the article]

In addition to emerging coronaviruses (SARS-CoV, MERS, SARS-CoV-2), there are seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoVs): HCoV-OC43, HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1. With a wide distribution around the world, HCoVs are usually associated with mild respiratory disease. In the elderly, young children and immunocompromised patients, more severe or even fatal respiratory infections may be observed. In Africa, data on seasonal HCoV are scarce. This retrospective study investigated the epidemiology and genetic diversity of seasonal HCoVs during nine consecutive years of influenza-like illness surveillance in Senegal. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from ILI outpatients or from SARI hospitalized patients. HCoVs were diagnosed by qRT-PCR and the positive samples were selected for molecular characterization. Among 9337 samples tested for HCoV, 406 (4.3%) were positive: 235 (57.9%) OC43, 102 (25.1%) NL63, 58 (14.3%) 229E and 17 (4.2%) HKU1. The four types circulated during the study period and a peak was noted between November and January. Children under five were the most affected. Co-infections were observed between HCoV types (1.2%) or with other viruses (76.1%). Genetically, HCoVs types showed diversity. The results highlighted that the impact of HCoVs must be taken into account in public health; monitoring them is therefore particularly necessary both in the most sensitive populations and in animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study Banarasi silk saree is examined in its totality, including its beginnings in ancient times. A variety of zari, including pure, tested, powder, and plastic, are required to make it. There is a short introduction of the looms used to make this saree, and several designs used to improve its appearance are also included in the research. Banarasi sarees come in a variety of styles including brocade, chiffon, and jangla. Intricate Banarasi sarees made out of different varieties of silk yarns or cotton/silk blended yarns are on the verge of extinction. In addition, the Indian government's numerous schemes and plans to help weavers and revive this golden silk art have also been addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Gastric disorders are one of the most common human ailments, which impose a huge economic burden on countries. In Persian Medicine (PM), it is possible to predict the susceptibility to gastric diseases with diagnosis of gastric Mizajes (temperaments) and dystemperaments. The semiology of gastric dystemperaments has been investigated in PM textbooks, although the value of each sign and symptom is not mentioned. Consequently, this research is designed to determine the major and minor criteria for classifying gastric dystemperaments on the basis of valid manuscripts and with the help of PM specialists in the present era. Methods: This was a consensus-based study consisting of four phases. In the first phase, reference PM textbooks were studied. Symptoms and signs of gastric dystemperaments were collected and listed in four groups. In the second phase, semi-structured interviews with a sample of PM experts were carried out. Phase three included a focused group discussion with experts. Eventually, findings were integrated from the three study phases in a two-day meeting in Sari City. Results: Selected criteria included eight major and eight minor criteria for hot-cold dystemperament, as well as six major and eight minor criteria for wet-dry gastric dystemperament. Conclusion: Modern lifestyles and the interfering factors are responsible for some changes in diagnostic signs and symptoms according to PM. This was the first step to coordinate PM diagnostic criteria for gastric dystemperaments. Further studies are recommended to reach a unique protocol in the field of PM diagnostics. The next step includes design and validation of national diagnostic tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Central Silk Technological Research Institute, Bangalore, India, initiated a research project, produced three types of handloom butta silk sarees with available finer variety of spun silk as warp or weft and compared with the regular reeled silk saree having similar fabric geometry. The subjective analysis was carried out by preparing a questionnaire to survey the consumer and Pearson χ2-test values were assessed. The analysis revealed that the feel and buying preference of the two out of the three types of spun silk saree are significantly better than that of regular reeled silk saree. The drape and luster of spun silk sarees are not significantly different to that of the regular reeled silk saree. The objective analysis of utility and durability characteristics revealed that all the three types of spun silk saree have shown better air permeability, crease recovery, drape co-efficient, tearing strength (Warp way), and light fastness properties when compared to that of the regular reeled silk saree. Thus, the project findings recommend for the commercial production of two types of spun silk sarees, Reeled filament silk (Organzine) with Spun silk (2 fold), and Spun silk (Single) with Reeled filament silk (Tram; 4 fold) as warp and weft combinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Epidemiological surveillance is extremely challenging in conflict zones. • Syndromic surveillance is critical in identifying outbreaks during conflict. • Influenza-like illnesses increased during the study period (2016-2021) in northern Syria. • Severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) cases increased in 2021, aligning with a severe COVID-19 wave. • The age distribution of ILI and SARI cases between <5 years and ≥5 years inverted in late 2019. Northern Syria faces a large burden of influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI). This study aimed to investigate the trends of Early Warning and Response Network (EWARN) reported ILI and SARI in northern Syria between 2016 and 2021 and the potential impact of SARS-CoV-2. We extracted weekly EWARN data on ILI/ SARI and aggregated cases and consultations into 4-week intervals to calculate case positivity. We conducted a seasonal-trend decomposition to assess case trends in the presence of seasonal fluctuations. It was observed that 4-week aggregates of ILI cases (n = 5,942,012), SARI cases (n = 114,939), ILI case positivity, and SARI case positivity exhibited seasonal fluctuations with peaks in the winter months. ILI and SARI cases in individuals aged ≥5 years surpassed those in individuals aged <5 years in late 2019. ILI cases clustered primarily in Aleppo and Idlib, whereas SARI cases clustered in Aleppo, Idlib, Deir Ezzor, and Hassakeh. SARI cases increased sharply in 2021, corresponding with a severe SARS-CoV-2 wave, compared with the steady increase in ILI cases over time. Respiratory infections cause widespread morbidity and mortality throughout northern Syria, particularly with the emergence of SARS-CoV-2. Strengthened surveillance and access to testing and treatment are critical to manage outbreaks among conflict-affected populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The Pieniny Klippen Belt of the Western Carpathians is built up by Jurassic to Eocene Oravic units, with the Šariš, Subpieniny, and Pieniny Unit on the top. Major emphasis was placed on the dark fine-grained clastic deposits exposed in the vicinity of the villages of Beňova Lehota and Revišné (Orava sector of the Pieniny Klippen Belt). Through investigation of palynological material, the age of dark flysch strata was determined as predominantly uppermost Toarcian to Middle Aalenian and affiliated with the Szlachtowa and/or Skrzypny formations, belonging to the Šariš Unit. The results from the dinoflagellate cysts were supplemented by a structural investigation of the Šariš Unit. The complicated tectonic evolution of the Pieniny Klippen Belt is documented by intermixing of the soft shale deposits of Jurassic and Cretaceous age and by the presence of folds and cleavages. Based on the acquired data, the D1 event records a compression with a NE–SW direction and is represented by folds with axial-plane cleavage. The younger D2 phase is marked by the presence of south-vergent backthrusts, resulting from the ongoing compression and subsequent tilting of the originally north-vergent nappe stack of the Oravic units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through an ethnographic study of online saree pacts and social media groups, this article charts the emergence of digital saree storytelling as women from India and the global South Asian diaspora post stories about their personal and professional lives while also talking about their sarees. The article examines how saree stories are told and consumed in these online spaces, and the role new media plays in encouraging individual and collective self-expression through fashion. In doing so, it highlights how saree pacts allow for alternative models of fashion opinion leadership and style to emerge in ways that are uplifting and empowering for women who are otherwise underrepresented in print and popular fashion media. It argues that such sites are critical spaces shifting the narrative around women in the Global South from victimhood to pleasure. Additionally, saree pacts represent a new form of digital community formation centred around the appreciation of traditional fashion, which can alter our perception of the intersection of traditional fashion and feminism while also decolonising fashion's existing Eurocentric frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]