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IntroductionMeningioma is the most common primary intracranial tumour in adults. The majority are non-malignant, but a proportion behave more aggressively. Incidental/minimally symptomatic meningioma are often managed by serial imaging. Symptomatic meningioma, those that threaten neurovascular structures, or demonstrate radiological growth, are usually resected as first-line management strategy. For patients in poor clinical condition, or with inoperable, residual or recurrent disease, radiotherapy is often used as primary or adjuvant treatment. Effective pharmacotherapy treatments do not currently exist. There is heterogeneity in the outcomes measured and reported in meningioma clinical studies. Two ‘Core Outcome Sets’ (COS) will be developed: (COSMIC: Intervention) for use in meningioma clinical effectiveness trials and (COSMIC: Observation) for use in clinical studies of incidental/untreated meningioma.Methods and analysisTwo systematic literature reviews and trial registry searches will identify outcomes measured and reported in published and ongoing (1) meningioma clinical effectiveness trials, and (2) clinical studies of incidental/untreated meningioma. Outcomes include those that are clinician reported, patient reported, caregiver reported and based on objective tests (eg, neurocognitive tests), as well as measures of progression and survival. Outcomes will be deduplicated and categorised to generate two long lists. The two long lists will be prioritised through two, two-round, international, modified eDelphi surveys including patients with meningioma, healthcare professionals, researchers and those in caring/supporting roles. The two final COS will be ratified through two 1-day online consensus meetings, with representation from all stakeholder groups.Ethics and disseminationInstitutional review board (University of Liverpool) approval was obtained for the conduct of this study. Participant eConsent will be obtained prior to participation in the eDelphi surveys and consensus meetings. The two systematic literature reviews and two final COS will be published and freely available.Trial registration numberCOMET study ID 1508

Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná A urbanização provoca grandes mudanças nos sistemas ambientais, relacionadas ao balanço de carbono, intercepção da água da chuva, poluição do ar e economia de energia de edifícios, como consequência das mudanças no ambiente natural. Além disso, as zonas industriais acabam por ser menos arborizadas devido às construções dos empreendimentos, que frequentemente representam vastas áreas urbanas, muitas vezes negligenciadas. Portanto, é necessário definir projetos que possam promover a transformação urbana, tornando as cidades mais agradáveis aos seus cidadãos. As Soluções Baseadas na Natureza (SBNs) buscam mitigar os efeitos antrópicos da urbanização por meio de inspiração na natureza. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar a área de estudo e sua vegetação, construir uma base de dados de entrada no software i-Tree, simular os benefícios ambientais das SBNs (previstas no âmbito do Projeto POCTEP INDNATUR), na Zona Industrial das Cantarias (Bragança), com o software i-Tree e definir cenários com base nos dados de intervenção do projeto e em formulações alternativas. A metodologia começa com o levantamento de dados e medição de parâmetros das árvores, incluindo diâmetro na altura do peito, alturas totais, uso do solo, avaliação da saúde da copa (dieback, percentagem da copa que é composta de galhos mortos) e exposição à luz da copa. A ferramenta i-Tree foi utilizada para a simulação dos benefícios ambientais das SBNs, como meio de apoiar o Projeto POCTEP INDNATUR. O i-Tree Eco é uma ferramenta emblemática que quantificou os efeitos e valores da floresta urbana, tais como: características das árvores, remoção da poluição do ar, armazenameno e sequestro de carbono, produção de oxigénio, escoamento evitado, valores estruturais e funcionais e potenciais impactes de pragas, auxiliando assim no manejo e defesa de árvores e florestas, mostrando os riscos potenciais para a saúde das árvores e baseando-se em pesquisa de serviços florestais do USDA (Departamento de Agricultura dos Estados Unidos). Urbanization causes major changes in environmental systems, related to carbon balance, interception of rainwater, air pollution and energy savings of buildings, as a consequence of changes in the natural environment. In addition, industrial areas end up being less wooded due to the construction of developments, which often represent vast urban areas, often neglected. Therefore, it is necessary to define projects that can promote urban transformation, making cities more pleasant for their citizens. Nature-Based Solutions (NBSs) seek to mitigate the man-made effects of urbanization through inspiration from nature. Thus, this work aimed to characterize the study area and its vegetation, build an input database in the i-Tree software, simulate the environmental benefits of NBSs (provided for under the POCTEP INDNATUR Project), in the Industrial Zone of Cantarias (Bragança), with i-Tree software and define scenarios based on project intervention data and alternative formulations. The methodology begins with data collection and measurement of tree parameters, including diameter at breast height, total heights, land use, assessment of crown health (dieback, percentage of crown that is composed of dead branches) and exposure to cup light. The i-Tree tool was used to simulate the environmental benefits of NBSs, as a means of supporting the POCTEP INDNATUR Project. The i-Tree Eco is an emblematic tool that quantified the effects and values of the urban forest, such as: tree characteristics, removal of air pollution, carbon storage and sequestration, oxygen production, avoided runoff, structural and functional values and potential impacts of pests, thus assisting in the management and defense of trees and forests, showing the potential risks to the health of trees and based on research by USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) forest services.